1. Explain why sulfur has a larger atomic radius than chlorine, even though chlorine has more protons, neutrons and electrons.

It is to be noted that Coibacin B has three Chiral Centers. A chiral center is a molecule atom that is bound to four separate chemical species, permitting optical isomerism.

Coibacin B is a natural substance with a substantial anti-inflammatory effect and possible utility in the treatment of leishmaniasis, a parasitic illness.

It should be noted that Leishmaniasis is a parasite infection that may be found in the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe. It is considered a neglected tropical illness (NTD).

Infection with Leishmania parasites, which are disseminated by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies, causes leishmaniasis.

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Explanation

There are said to have two different conditions of a gas.

First condition is STP which means: pressure = 1 atm and temperature (absolute) = 0 °C + 273 = 273 K

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It is said that the temperature remains constant, therefore we can apply Boyle's law which states that the pressure of a gas tends to decrease as the volume of the container increases.

When drawing an electron dot diagram, you need to check the exact number of electrons that an atom has in its shell, only the valence electrons must be drawn

The weight of the mixture will be the same as the combined

weight of the powdered lemonade and the water.

The term mixture has to do with the combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined together. We can see that due to the fact that substances that can be found in a mixture are not chemically combined together, then they can be separated by the means of physical methods.

We have to also bear in mind that mass can not be created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another. This implies that the total mass of the mixture must be the same as the sum of the masses of the individual components that are found in the mixture as this is in obedience to the law of the conservation of mass that have been detailed above in this answer.

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Explanation:

The reaction:

N2O4(g) <=> 2NO2(g)

Inicially 0 [1 mol/Volume]

Reacts +x -2x

Equilibrium +x [1 mol/Volume]-2x

[1 mol/Volume] means molarity

In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which the forward reaction rate and the reverse reaction rate are equal. The result of this equilibrium is that the concentrations of the reactants and the products do not change.

Therefore, the answer: Some N2O4 and some NO2

In this question, we have to find the limiting reactant based on the following reaction:

CHCl3 + Cl2 -> CCl4 + HCl

We have:

25 grams of CHCl3

25 grams of Cl2

The molar ratio between these two compounds is 1:1, 1 mol of CHCl3 for 1 mol of Cl2

Now we have to find the number of moles of each reactant, let's start with CHCl3, we will use its molar mass, 119.38g/mol:

119.38g = 1 mol

25g = x moles

119.38x = 25

x = 25/119.38

x = 0.209 moles of CHCl3

According to the molar ratio, if we have 0.209 moles of CHCl3, we will also have 0.209 moles of Cl2, which has a molar mass of 70.9g/mol

Let's find the mass of 0.209 moles of Cl2:

70.9g = 1 mol

x grams = 0.209 moles of Cl2

x = 14.81 grams

We only need 14.81 grams of Cl2 to react with 25 grams of CHCl3, since we have more Cl2 than we actually need, this makes Cl2 the excess reactant, and CHCl3 will be the limiting reactant. Letter C

a) Electronegativity has to do with the fact that electrons are unequally shared in a bond

b) The electronegative tom would receive electrons in an ionic bond.

The term electronegativity has to do with the fact that in some atoms, the electron cloud could be closer to them in a covalent bonding situation than to the other atom. You need to recall that in a covalent bond, the electron pair of the bond is shared and the electron cloud is expected to be equidistant between the nuclei of the two atoms that are bonding.

In a case where the electron cloud seems to be closer to one atom than the other then the other atom is said to be highly electronegative. We also need to knw that in an ionic bond, there is a transfer of electrons from one atom to the other.

If one of the bonding atoms in an ionic bond is highly electronegative, it then follows that electrons would be transferred to that atom in the process of ionic bonding.

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The polarity of a molecule is given by the difference in charges, hydrogen has a slightly positive charge and oxygen has a negative charge. Its electronegativity difference between hydrogen and oxygen is less than 1.7 making the bond a covalent bond.

That said, we can rule out options A and D. Now, the state of matter does not affect the polarity of the molecule, so option B will also be incorrect.

The correct option will be C, since there is a difference in charges that makes water polar.

Answer: C) The uneven bend in the bond between oxygen and hydrogen

Water molecules that have escaped or evaporated from the body of water then water get excited and they begin to gain kinetic energy

A water molecule has a three atom two hydrogen and one oxygen atom and that's why water is sometime refred to as H₂O and a single drop of water contain billion drop of molecule and evaporation is the process in which given to the change that occurs to a substance that changes it from its liquid state to a gaseous state

When water get evaporates the molecule of water in a glass will get excited and they begin to gain kinetic energy and vigorously hit the wall of glass

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Answer:

The Arrhenius acids in the list are:

HCl, HBr , H2SO4 , H3PO4 , HNO3 , HF

The Arrhenius bases are:

NaOH , NH4OH , LiOH , Ba(OH)2 , CsOH and KOH

Explanation:

An Arrhenius acid increases the concentration of H+ ions while an Arrhenius acid increases the concentration of OH- ions

Thus, an Arrhenius acid would yield H+ ions on ionization while an Arrhenius base will yield OH- ions on ionization

The Arrhenius acids in the list are:

HCl, HBr , H2SO4 , H3PO4 , HNO3 , HF

The Arrhenius bases are:

NaOH , NH4OH , LiOH , Ba(OH)2 , CsOH and KOH

Answer and explanation

To predict the product, you need to first have or know your reactans, for example, if you have magnesium (Mg) + oxygen (O2), the product should include both reactants. Oxidation numbers also play a role of the final charge of the product, magnesium has a charge of 2+ and O has a charge of 2-, therefore the product will be MgO

Example 2

Na2CO3 + HCl

When sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with HCl, Na+, O^-2 and CO2 dissociates in the solution, H+ and Cl- also dissociates, what happens is that the oppositely charges ions attract and form compounds, Na is positive and Cl is negative, they will combine to form NaCl, the hydrogen has a positive charge (+1), it will combine with excess oxygen (O^-2) forming water (H2O) and the CO2 will not combine with anything since it is not an ion

Final equation:

Na2CO3 + HCl = NaCl + H2O + CO2

Now we can balance the equation:

Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

Answer

A. X-rays

Explanation

There are seven regions in the electromagnetic spectrum (EM) which in order of lowest to highest frequency are:

Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Therefore, of the following EM waves given in the options, the one that has the highest frequency is A. X-rays

We have a neutralization between the HCl (acid) and Ba(OH)2 (base):

To calculate the mL asked, we need to use the next formula:

M1 x V1 = M2 x V2 (1)

We assign number 1 to HCl and number 2 to Ba(OH)2

Remember: M molarity and V volume

-----------------

Data:

We know M1 = 0.165 M (HCl) and M2 = 0.101 M, V2 = 25.0 mL.

-----------------

Procedure:

We clear V1 from (1):

V1 = M2 x V2/M1 = 0.101 M x 25.0 mL/0.165 M = 15.3 mL

Answer: V1 = 15.3 mL

In calculating the theoretical yield of ammonia, the 6/3 done in the second step is to convert moles of hydrogen to moles of ammonia since the mole ratio of hydrogen to ammonia is 3 : 2.

The theoretical yield of a reaction is the maximum amount of product that can be obtained from a given reaction based on the equation of the reaction.

The theoretical yield of a reaction is obtained from the mole ratio of the limiting reagent and the product of the reaction.

Considering the given reaction whose reaction equation is given below:

N₂ (g) + 3 H₂ (g) ---> 2 NH₃ (g)

Hydrogen is given as the limiting reagent:

The amount of hydrogen present 12 g

Moles of hydrogen = 12 g/ 2 g/mol = 6 moles

Mole ratio of ammonia to hydrogen = 3 : 2

Moles of ammonia produced = moles of hydrogen * mole ratio of ammoia to hydrogen

Moles of ammonia = 6 moles * 2/3 moles = 4 moles

Mass of ammonia produced = 4 moles * 17 g/mol

Mass of ammonia produced = 68 g

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To answer this question, we have to use the dilution rule, that is represented by the following equation:

Where C1 and C2 are the initial and final concentrations and V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes.

Solve the equation for V2 to find the final volume:

The final volume of the solutions has to be 195mL. Since we already have 65mL, we need to add 130mL of water to have 195mL in total.

It means that the correct answer is 130mL.

The question requires us to calculate the number of moles of each element (magnesium, chlorine and oxygen) in 8.30 moles of the compound magnesium perchlorate (Mg(ClO4)2).

From the molecular formula of magnesium perchlorate we can take the following information:

- in 1 mol of Mg(ClO4)2, there is only 1 mol of Mg;

- in 1 mol of Mg(ClO4)2, there are 2 moles of Cl;

- in 1 mol of Mg(ClO4)2, there are 8 moles of O.

With the information above, and knowing that the amount of Mg(ClO4)2 given by the question was 8.30 moles, we can calculate the amount, in moles, of each element:

1 mol Mg(ClO4)2 --------------- 1 mol Mg

8.30 mol Mg(ClO4)2 ---------- x = 8.30 mol Mg

1 mol Mg(ClO4)2 --------------- 2 mol Cl

8.30 mol Mg(ClO4)2 ---------- y = 2 x 8.30 mol Cl = 16.6 mol Cl

1 mol Mg(ClO4)2 --------------- 8 mol O

8.30 mol Mg(ClO4)2 ---------- z = 8 x 8.30 mol O = 66.4 mol O

Therefore, there are 8.30, 16.6 and 66.4 moles of Mg, Cl and O in 8.30 moles of magnesium perssufate.

Since both metals are in the same group in the periodic table and both non-metals are also in the same group in the periodic table, they have the same charge (metals = 1+; non-metals = 1-). So this makes the reaction easier for us:

NaCl + LiBr = LiCl + NaBr

Answer: a

explanation: Make a ratio of the number of moles and do the calculations. Do you get it?

Answer:

2.95 L

Explanation:

To find the new volume, you need to use the Charles' Law equation:

V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂

In this equation, "V₁" and  "T₁" represent the initial volume and temperature. "V₂" and "T₂" represent the final volume and temperature. Since you want your final volume in liters, you first need to convert 3,500 mL to L. Then, you need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin. Finally, you can plug the given values into the equation and simplify to find "V₂".

V₁ = 3,500 mL / 1,000 = 3.5 L               V₂ = ? L

T₁ = 80°C + 273 = 353 K                         T₂ = 25°C + 273 = 298 K

V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂                                      <----- Charles' Law equation

(3.5 L) / (353 K) = V₂ / (25°C)                <----- Insert values

0.00992 = V₂ / (298 K)                         <----- Divide left side

2.95 = V₂                                               <----- Multiply both sides by 298 K

The volume of a gas that has a pressure of 1.25 atm at 22℃ is 96.88L.

The volume of a gas can be calculated by using the following formula:

PV = nRT

Where;

According to this question, 5.00 mole sample of oxygen gas has a pressure of 1.25 atm at 22℃. The volume can be calculated as follows:

1.25 × V = 5 × 0.0821 × 295

1.25V = 121.0975

V = 96.88L

Therefore, 96.88L is the volume of the gas

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Answer:

Chlorine and Bromine are also halogens so they are similar to fluorine

ANSWER

1-Butyne

STEP-BY-STEP EXPLANATION:

To name the below structure, we need to consider the following

0. The number of carbon atoms present in the structure

1. The type of bond and the location

According to the structure given, we have four carbon atoms

These four carbon atoms mean Butane according to the alkane family

We have a tripple bond in between the first and second carbon atom

Since we have a tripple bond, the -ane in butane will be changed to -yne

Hence, the name of the structure is 1-Butyne

Answer:

Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom. It results from the attractive force between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom such as a N, O, or F atom and another very electronegative atom.

Explanation:

The carbonate ion has the simplest oxo carbon anion structure. One carbon atom is surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, giving it D3h molecular symmetry. Its molecular mass is 60.01 g/ mol and its formal charge overall is HCO3.

Carbonate Organization its structure is a trigonal planar arrangement of three oxygen atoms surrounding a carbon atom. Two single bonds to the negative oxygen atom and two double bonds to the neutral oxygen atom make up the carbonate ion's Lewis structure.

The carbonate ion, a salt of carbonic acid, is the most basic form of the oxo carbon anion. A polyatomic ion, it has the chemical formula CO32-. The term "carbonate" can also refer to a carbonate ester, an organic molecule with the carbonate group C(=O)(O-)2.

The carbonate has a valency of two because it may combine with two hydrogen atoms.

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Electronegativity is defined as the ability of an element to accept electrons to its shell during a chemical reaction for the formation of a stable bond structure.

A neutral atom is the atom that contains an equal amount of electrons and protons which means that is has a zero net charge. Example is sodium.

Electronegativity is defined as the ability of an element to accept electrons to its shell during a chemical reaction for the formation of a stable bond structure.

During ionic bond formation, the elements involved tries to obtain an octet structure by either donating or accepting electrons.

Alkali metals( such as the neutral element of sodium? have the lowest electronegativities, while halogens have the highest.

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When Katarina finds a stain at a crime scene the first thing she should do is to scrape the substance into a plastic bag. That is option B.

A forensic scientist is a professionally trained individual that applies their knowledge in the field of criminology by using evidence found on the crime scene to narrow down a suspect.

When a stain is being noticed by the forensic scientist, the first step should be to secure the stain for further investigation.

To secure the stain, the scientist should scrap the stain into a plastic bag and this should be taken to the laboratory for further evaluation and investigation.

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If the mercury in a barometer raises 22.8 centimeters due to a change in ambient pressure, then the corresponding change in pressure would be 0.3 atm.

The total applied force per unit of area is known as the pressure.

The pressure depends both on externally applied force as well the area on which it is applied

As given in the problem If the mercury in a barometer raises 22.8 centimeters due to a change in ambient pressure, then we have to find out the corresponding change in pressure in atm,

760 mm of Hg = 1 atm

76 cm of Hg = 1 atm

1 cm of Hg = 1 / 76 atm

22.8 cm of Hg = 22.8 / 76 atm

                        = 0.3 atm

Thus ,  the corresponding change in pressure in atm would be 0.3 atm .

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For each particle (molecule) of Ca(OH)2 that was present, assuming full dissociation of the complex, you would get two particles (ions). CaO + H2O equals Ca(OH)2 (2 particles)

A 0.561 M solution contains 0.561 moles of Ca(OH)2 per kilogram of solvent. Ions' molality would be 2 x 0.561m = 1.122m.

The most used unit for expressing solution concentration is molarity (M), which is calculated by dividing the solute concentration in moles by the volume of the solution in liters: M stands for moles of solute per liter of solution.

The kilograms of solvent divided by the moles of ions in the solution is the molality. As an illustration, if You will have 1.0 molal concentration of sodium chloride, for instance, if 1.0 moles of sodium chloride are dissolved in 1.0 kilogram of solution.

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Based on the atomic number of the given elements, the atoms that have the greatest nuclear charge is ¹⁴₇N; option A.

The nuclear charge in atoms is the charge in the nucleus due to the presence of the positively-charged protons present in the nucleus of an atom.

The nuclear charge of atoms increases with an increase in the atomic number of the elements.

Hence, for elements in the period table, the size of the nuclear charge increases both down the group and across a period from left to right.

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According to the explanation about oxidizing and reducing agents from the previous session, we will find the answers to this question as well

Oxidation numbers are mostly found in previously made tables, there are plenty of tables where you can see the oxidation numbers for almost every element, a few rules to have in mind is H is usually +1, O is -2, Halogens are -1, group 1A metals are +1, transition metals are the ones that will shift a lot

1. Sn + 2 HCl -> SnCl2 + H2, this is the properly balanced equation

REACTANTS

Sn = 0, since it's a lone element in the reaction we assume its charge is 0 because is stable

H = +1

Cl = -1, it's a halogen

PRODUCTS

Sn = +2, we see now that Sn was oxidized and now has a positive charge

Cl = still -1

H2 = 0, was reduced, now with a 0 charge

2. 2 NaBr + Cl2 -> 2 NaCl + Br2

REACTANTS

Na = +1, metal from group 1A

Br = -1, halogen

Cl2 = 0 stable element

PRODUCTS

Na = +1

Cl = -1, it will be reduced

Br = 0, it will be oxidized

3. SiCl4 + 2 Mg -> 2 MgCl2 + Si

REACTANTS

Si = +4

Cl = -1

Mg = 0

PRODUCTS

Mg = +2, it will be oxidized

Cl = -1

Si = 0, it will be reduced