The break-even point (BEP) or break-even level is the amount of sales needed to cover all expenses, including both fixed and variable costs to the firm, in terms of either units sold or revenue generated (sales). Zero dollars are made overall at break-even.
Given,
P.V. Ratio = (Sales - Variable cost/ Sales )×100
= (328856-240591/328856)×100
= 26.84 %
Breakeven Point = Fixed Cost/P.V. Ratio
= 78411/26.84%
= 292142
In other words, you've arrived at the point in your manufacturing cycle where the income from a product is equal to its production expenses.
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Is it possible that the violent members of the drug cartels can behave like cartels 0 in legitimate markets? Read a selection of your colleagues' initial postings. Respond to at least two (2) of your colleagues' initial postings in any of the following ways: 1. Support a perspective presented by your colleague. 2. Explain why and how you have a different perspective. 3. Share an insight based upon your colleague's posting. 4. Validate an idea with your own experience. 5. Expand upon your colleague's posting, 6. Ask for evidence that supports the posting. You must respond to at least two (2) other students to comply with the participation requirement for this forum.
It is possible for violent members of drug cartels to behave like cartels in legitimate markets, as both types of organizations share some common characteristics.
These include a focus on profit maximization, market control, and strategic alliances with other players. However, the methods employed by drug cartels, such as violence and illegal activities, are not typically present in legitimate markets.
To engage in a fruitful discussion with your colleagues, consider the following options:
1. Support a perspective presented by your colleague, such as agreeing with the similarities between drug cartels and legitimate market cartels and providing additional examples.
2. Explain why and how you have a different perspective, such as arguing that the differences between drug cartels and legitimate market cartels outweigh the similarities, and discuss the implications of these differences.
3. Share an insight based upon your colleague's posting, such as the role of government regulation in preventing or controlling cartel-like behavior in legitimate markets.
4. Validate an idea with your own experience, perhaps by discussing a real-life example of a company that engaged in cartel-like behavior in a legitimate market and the consequences it faced.
5. Expand upon your colleague's posting by adding more information, such as the impact of globalization on cartel formation and behavior, or discussing the potential consequences of cartels in various industries.
6. Ask for evidence that supports the posting, such as requesting data or research studies that support the claim that drug cartels and legitimate market cartels share similarities.
Remember to respond to at least two other students' postings to comply with the participation requirements for this forum.
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dowe have to calculate the WACC to analyze the capital structure ofthe company?
Yes, calculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is an important step in analyzing the capital structure of a company.
WACC takes into account the cost of both debt and equity financing and helps to determine the minimum rate of return that a company needs to earn on its investments to satisfy all of its investors.
By comparing the WACC to the expected return on investment, investors can determine if a company is generating enough profit to meet its financial obligations and make smart investment decisions.
Overall, WACC is a crucial tool for assessing a company's capital structure and financial health.
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PLEASE HELP IVE TAKEN THIS TEST 5 TIMES.... 41 points
an investor purchased 50 shares of stock in a company for $600. one year later, the investor sold all 50 shares for $13 per share. what is the investors rate of return?
The rate of return for the investor is 8.33%.
First share price: The investor paid $600 for 50 shares, making the initial share price ($600 / 50 shares) $12.
Profit from the sale of shares: The investor made $650 after selling all 50 shares at a price of $13 each.
Compute the difference between the ending sum and the starting investment to determine the profit made:
$650 - $600 = $50
Rate of return: To represent the rate of return as a percentage, divide the profit by the initial investment and multiply the result by 100.
($50 / $600) * 100 = 8.33%
The rate of return for the investor is 8.33%.
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which of the following are advantages of operating as a sole proprietorship? choose 2 answers.your response is not entirely correct.the owner is not personally liable for business debts if the business is officially registered.forming a sole proprietorship is simple and relatively inexpensive.the business may conduct an initial stock offering once it has made a profit in four consecutive quarters.sole proprietorships are not taxed.
The main advantages of a sole proprietorship are its simplicity and relatively low cost of setup, but the owner remains personally liable for business debts, contrary to the statement provided.
The two correct advantages of operating as a sole proprietorship are:
Forming a sole proprietorship is simple and relatively inexpensive: One of the main advantages of a sole proprietorship is that it is relatively easy and inexpensive to set up compared to other forms of business entities.
The owner is not personally liable for business debts if the business is officially registered: This is not entirely correct. In a sole proprietorship, the owner is personally liable for the business debts and obligations.
It is important to note that the other two statements you mentioned are incorrect:
The business may conduct an initial stock offering once it has made a profit in four consecutive quarters: Sole proprietorships do not have the ability to conduct an initial stock offering because they are not structured as corporations with shares of stock.
Sole proprietorships are not taxed: Sole proprietorships are not separate tax entities, which means that the owner reports business income and expenses on their personal tax return. The business profits are subject to personal income tax.
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What was the organization that replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and was assigned the duty to mediate trade disputes among nations?
The organization that replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and was assigned the duty to mediate trade disputes among nations is the World Trade Organization (WTO).
The organization that replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is the World Trade Organization (WTO). The WTO is an international organization that was established on January 1, 1995, to supervise and liberalize international trade. It provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements, and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants' adherence to WTO agreements, which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified by their parliaments.
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Exercise 1-a Indicate the increase and decrease in each account by placing a check mark in Appropriate column. DEBIT CREDIT TRANSACTION 1. Capital is increased 2. Cash is increased 3. Cash is decreased 4. Capital s decreased 5. Equipment is increased 6. Service Income is increased 7. Expenses is increased 8. Accounts payable is increased 9. Accounts payable is decreased 10.Accounts receivable is decreased Exercise 1-b Answer the following items. Choose the correct answer from the list below;
Previous question
1-a:
DEBIT (+) CREDIT (-)
1. Capital is increased ✓
2. Cash is increased ✓
3. Cash is decreased ✓
4. Capital is decreased ✓
5. Equipment is increased ✓
6. Service Income is increased ✓
7. Expenses is increased ✓
8. Accounts payable is increased ✓
9. Accounts payable is decreased ✓
10. Accounts receivable is decreased ✓
1-b:
1. Which account is increased when the owner invests more money in the business?
Answer: Capital
2. Which account is decreased when the owner takes money out of the business for personal use?
Answer: Capital
3. Which account is increased when the business receives cash from a customer?
Answer: Cash
4. Which account is decreased when the business pays cash for rent?
Answer: Cash
5. Which account is increased when the business purchases new equipment?
Answer: Equipment
6. Which account is increased when the business provides services to a customer and receives payment later?
Answer: Accounts receivable
7. Which account is increased when the business pays for advertising?
Answer: Expenses
8. Which account is increased when the business buys supplies on credit?
Answer: Accounts payable
9. Which account is decreased when the business pays off a supplier's invoice?
Answer: Accounts payable
10. Which account is decreased when the business receives payment from a customer who had previously purchased on credit?
Answer: Accounts receivable
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in the context of the vroom's decision tree approach, when managers present a problem to their group at a meeting, get their suggestions, and then make the decision, they follow the decision-making style.
In the context of Vroom's decision tree approach, when managers present a problem to their group at a meeting, get their suggestions, and then make the decision, they are following the consultative decision-making style.
Decision-making style refers to the way in which decisions are taken by a firm that are most favorable for the firm. There are various decision-making styles such as evader, followers, and so on.
This style involves managers seeking input from their team members but ultimately making the final decision themselves. It can be an effective approach to problem when managers need to balance input from their team with their own expertise and judgment to make the best decision for the organization. However, it can also lead to slower decision-making and potential dissatisfaction among team members who feel their input was not fully considered.
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Identify the factors that influence organizational commitment in public accounting.
A. Professional identity
B. Identification with ethical systems
C. Firm quality controls
D. Firm leadership
E. Colleague commitment
Organizational commitment in public accounting can be influenced by various factors, including professional identity, identification with ethical systems, firm quality controls, firm leadership, and colleague commitment.
Professional identity, for instance, refers to the extent to which employees identify with their profession, which can lead to a greater commitment to the organization. Identification with ethical systems can also influence commitment, as employees who share similar values and beliefs as the organization are more likely to be committed to it. Firm quality controls and leadership can also impact organizational commitment, as they can create a supportive and positive work environment that fosters commitment. Additionally, colleague commitment, or the extent to which employees feel connected to and supported by their colleagues, can also play a role in influencing organizational commitment.
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Blue Bell Ice Cream and General Mills share information with their suppliers of vanilla to increase yields and improve sustainability practices. Which of the following statements is true of Blue Bell's supply chain management in today's marketplace? a. Standardized products are "pushed down through marketing channels to consumers. b. Supply chain management reflects a completely employee-driven management philosophy. c. Companies that focus on supply chain management commonly report high inventory costs. d. Businesses focus on partnering with members of the supply chain to enhance customer value.
The statement that is true among the given options is (d) Businesses focus on partnering with members of the supply chain to enhance customer value.
This approach involves collaborating with suppliers, such as the vanilla suppliers in this case, to increase yields and improve sustainability practices. By working together, both Blue Bell Ice Cream and General Mills can achieve better results and deliver more customer value. This collaboration enables the companies to not only optimize their supply chains but also ensure that the end products are of high quality and adhere to sustainable practices.
This supply chain management strategy moves away from pushing standardized products down through marketing channels (option a) and focuses on creating a more streamlined and efficient process. Additionally, this approach is not entirely employee-driven (option b) but involves a collaborative effort between businesses and their suppliers.
Moreover, companies that focus on supply chain management often report lower inventory costs (opposite of option c) as they are better able to manage inventory levels and minimize waste, thereby reducing costs and maximizing profits.
In conclusion, Blue Bell's supply chain management strategy involves partnering with members of the supply chain, such as vanilla suppliers, to enhance customer value and ensure sustainable practices throughout the production process.
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The final step in the planning process is to
A) evaluate results.
B) set goals and objectives.
C) formulate strategies.
D) establish forecasting methods.
E) implement recruiting methods.
The final step in the planning process is to option A) evaluate results. This is a crucial step in ensuring that the plan is effective and achieving its intended outcomes.
It involves analyzing and assessing the results of the plan, comparing them to the goals and objectives that were set earlier in the planning process. This step helps to identify any areas of the plan that may need adjustment or improvement in order to achieve better results in the future. By evaluating results, organizations can learn from their experiences and make more informed decisions in future planning efforts. It also helps to ensure that resources are being used effectively and efficiently. Therefore, it is important for organizations to prioritize this step in their planning process to ensure success in achieving their goals.
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6. This information is available for Bethel Inc. for the current year.
Beginning inventory $ 12,230
Ending inventory 12,520
Cost of goods sold 84,350
Sales 143,250
Instructions Calculate the inventory turnover, days in inventory, and gross profit rate for Bethel Inc. for the current year
According to the information of Bethel Inc., the inventory turnover is 6.87, days in inventory is 53.11 days, and the gross profit rate is 41.25%.
To calculate the inventory turnover, divide the cost of goods sold by the average inventory [(beginning inventory + ending inventory) / 2].
Inventory turnover = 84,350 / [(12,230 + 12,520) / 2] = 6.87
To calculate the days in inventory, divide the number of days in the year (365) by the inventory turnover.
Days in inventory = 365 / 6.87 = 53.11 days
To calculate the gross profit rate, subtract the cost of goods sold from the sales and divide the result by the sales.
Gross profit rate = (143,250 - 84,350) / 143,250 = 41.25%
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Which best describes how interest on reserve balances serves as a reservation rate? O A. Because interest on reserve balances is a risk-free option, banks should not be willing to lend their funds for less than they can earn on their reserve balances. B. Because the interest on reserve balances rate is set below the federal funds rate, banks will borrow at the interest on reserve balances rate and lend these out at the federal funds rate, which will raise the interest on reserve balances rate. C. Because interest on reserve balances is a risk-free option, banks will always seek a higher return elsewhere. D. Because the Fed offers several interest rates, banks will choose the highest rate, which is interest on reserve balances.
Option A best describes how interest on reserve balances serves as a reservation rate. Because interest on reserve balances is a risk-free option, banks should not be willing to lend their funds for less than they can earn on their reserve balances. This means that the interest on reserve balances rate serves as a floor or reservation rate for other interest rates in the market. If banks can earn a risk-free rate on their reserve balances, they will not be willing to lend their funds for a lower rate. This helps to set a minimum benchmark for interest rates in the market.
Answer:
Because interest on reserve balances is a risk-free option, banks should not be willing to lend their funds for less than they can earn on their reserve balances.
Explanation:
At which worker did diminishing marginal productivity set in? alysons pet sitting service
At C. third worker did diminishing marginal productivity set in.
How efficiently goods or services are produced is gauged by their productivity. Productivity is commonly expressed as a ratio of the whole output to a single input, the total input used in a production process, or the output per unit of input, usually over a defined time period.
The example that is used most frequently is the (aggregate) measure of labor productivity, where GDP per worker is one example. Depending on the objectives of the productivity evaluation as well as the availability of data, a productivity definition (including ones that do not make reference to output-to-input ratios) should be chosen.
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Correct question is:
Refer to Table 13-1. Alyson's pet sitting service experiences diminishing marginal productivity with the addition of the:
A. first worker
B. second worker
C. third worker
D. fourth worker
Discuss about Pertinent laws relating to credit and collectionOperation
Compliance with these laws is crucial for credit and collection operations to maintain their reputation and avoid legal repercussions.
Petinent laws relating to credit and collection operations typically vary depending on the jurisdiction. However, some common laws and regulations include:
1. Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA): This law governs the collection, dissemination, and use of consumer credit information. It ensures accuracy, fairness, and privacy of personal information held by credit reporting agencies.
2. Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA): This law regulates the conduct of debt collectors, preventing them from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices while attempting to collect debts from consumers.
3. Truth in Lending Act (TILA): This law requires lenders to provide borrowers with clear and accurate information about the terms and costs of credit, including interest rates, finance charges, and payment schedules.
4. Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA): This law prohibits credit discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or receipt of public assistance. Lenders must evaluate credit applications based on objective criteria and not on any of these prohibited factors.
5. Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA): This law provides guidelines for addressing billing errors on credit accounts, such as unauthorized charges, duplicate billing, or incorrect amounts charged. Consumers have the right to dispute such errors and have them corrected in a timely manner.
6. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) Regulations: The CFPB enforces consumer financial protection laws and issues regulations to promote transparency, fairness, and accountability in financial products and services, including credit and collection operations.
These laws and regulations aim to protect consumers' rights, ensure transparent and fair lending practices, and prevent abusive collection tactics.
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when using the effective-interest method of bond amortization, interest expense each payment if the bonds were issued at a premium. multiple choice question. decreases increases stays the same
Increases. When using the effective-interest method of bond amortization, the interest expense each payment will increase if the bonds were issued at a premium because the bond premium is being amortized over the life of the bond.
This means that a portion of the premium is added to the interest expense each period, resulting in a higher interest expense than if the bonds were issued at face value or a discount. When using the effective-interest method of bond amortization, interest expense each payment if the bonds were issued at a premium will decrease over time.
This is because the effective-interest method results in a lower interest expense in the earlier periods of the bond's life and a higher interest expense in the later periods, reflecting the fact that the premium on the bond is being amortized over its term. As a result, the total amount of interest expense over the life of the bond will be equal to the total amount of interest payments made to bondholders.
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a life insurance company offers loans to its policyholders against the cash value of their policies at a (nominal) annual interest rate of 8 percent, compounded monthly. determine the effective annual percentage interest rate on these loans. round your answer to two decimal places.
The effective annual percentage interest rate on the loans offered by the life insurance company is 8.3%
To determine the effective annual percentage interest rate on these loans, we need to consider the nominal annual interest rate and the compounding period. The given nominal annual interest rate is 8 percent, compounded monthly.
To calculate the effective annual percentage interest rate, use the formula:
Effective Annual Rate (EAR) =
[tex]\begin{equation*}\left(1 + \frac{\text{Nominal Rate}}{\text{Number of Compounding Periods}}\right)^{\text{Number of Compounding Periods}} - 1\end{equation*}[/tex]
In this case, the nominal rate is 8 percent (0.08) and the number of compounding periods is 12 (monthly).
EAR = [tex]$(1 + (\frac{0.08}{12}))^{12} - 1$[/tex]
EAR = [tex]\begin{equation*}(1 + 0.0066667)^{12} - 1\end{equation*}[/tex]
EAR ≈ 0.0830 or 8.30%
The effective annual percentage interest rate on these loans is approximately 8.30%.
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describe the tax avoidance behaviors that were being used bySABMiller in case study, Brewing Up Controversy: A Case Exploringthe Ethics of Corporate Tax Planning
In the case study "Brewing Up Controversy: A Case Exploring the Ethics of Corporate Tax Planning," SABMiller engaged in tax avoidance behaviors by employing techniques such as transfer pricing, profit shifting, and using tax havens.
These behaviors included utilizing complex corporate structures in tax havens to shift profits away from higher tax jurisdictions, taking advantage of tax incentives and deductions, and engaging in transfer pricing practices to minimize tax liabilities. SABMiller also engaged in lobbying efforts to influence tax policy in their favor and pushed for tax breaks and loopholes that would benefit their bottom line. These tax avoidance behaviors were criticized for being unethical and contributing to a loss of public trust in the company.
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Determining a job's cognitive ability requirement is part of the task analysis process. true or false ?
True. As part of the task analysis process, determining a job's cognitive ability requirement involves identifying the mental processes and skills necessary to successfully perform the job tasks.
such as problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking. This information is then used to develop job performance standards and assess candidate qualifications. Task analysis is a process of breaking down a job or task into its component parts or steps in order to better understand the skills, knowledge, and abilities required to perform the task successfully. The process typically involves observing and documenting the tasks performed by workers, interviewing workers and supervisors, and examining any relevant documentation or procedures.
Cognitive ability requirements refer to the mental skills, knowledge, and abilities needed to successfully perform a job or task. This includes things like problem-solving, critical thinking, decision-making, and learning ability. Determining the cognitive ability requirements of a job is an important part of the task analysis process as it can help ensure that job candidates have the necessary mental abilities to perform the job successfully.
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When a firm uses an established brand to introduce a new product, it is called a brand ________.
A) harmonization
B) valuation
C) extension
D) positioning
E) parity
When a firm uses an established brand to introduce a new product, it is called a C) brand extension.
This process involves leveraging the equity and recognition of an established brand to introduce a new product to the market, with the aim of benefiting from the existing brand awareness and customer loyalty.
The goal is to achieve brand harmonization, whereby the new product aligns with the existing brand's values and positioning to create a cohesive brand identity. So the new product will attract quicker customer awareness and the willingness to trial or sample the product due to association with parent brand.
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doris bowman is 79 years old. she is a resident at st. louis village, an assisted living center and nursing home. she has been recently diagnosed with anxiety and depression. she was very reclusive yesterday spending the entire day in her room. she tends to be depressed in the fall, every year, so the staff is aware to be watchful of her behaviors.
It is important for the staff at St. Louis Village to closely monitor Doris Bowman's behavior and mental health given her recent diagnosis of anxiety and depression.
Her reclusive behavior yesterday may be a sign that she is struggling and may need additional support and resources to help manage her mental health. Given her past history of depression during the fall, it may be beneficial to provide her with additional activities and socialization opportunities to help alleviate symptoms. It is important to maintain open communication with Doris and her family to ensure that she is receiving the necessary care and attention.
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four equations are listed below. identift one linear equation and one nonlinear equation from the list.
Sure, here are the four equations:
1) y = 2x + 3
2) y = x^2 - 5x + 6
3) y = 3cos(x)
4) y = 4x - 2x^2
To identify a linear equation, we need to look for an equation that has a constant rate of change.
In this case, equation 1 (y = 2x + 3) is a linear equation because the coefficient of x is constant and represents the rate of change.
To identify a nonlinear equation, we need to look for an equation that does not have a constant rate of change. In this case, equations 2, 3, and 4 are all nonlinear equations.
Equation 2 (y = x^2 - 5x + 6) is a quadratic equation, which means it has a variable squared term. Equation 3 (y = 3cos(x)) is a trigonometric equation,
which means it involves a trigonometric function. Equation 4 (y = 4x - 2x^2) is also a quadratic equation, but it has a negative coefficient on the squared term,
which makes it a downward-opening parabola.
In summary, the linear equation is y = 2x + 3 and
the nonlinear equation is y = x^2 - 5x + 6, y = 3cos(x), or y = 4x - 2x^2.
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Skis are listed by a manufacturer for $850, less trade discounts of 30% and 18%. What further rate of discount should be given to bring the net price to $441? % Round to two decimal places Marissa p
Skis are listed by a manufacturer for $850, less trade discounts of 30% and 18%. A further discount of 5.52% is needed to bring the net price to $441.
To find the further rate of discount?To find the further rate of discount needed, we first need to calculate the net price after the trade discounts.
Trade discount 1: 30% of $850 = $255 discount
Price after trade discount 1: $850 - $255 = $595
Trade discount 2: 18% of $595 = $107.10 discount
Net price after both trade discounts: $595 - $107.10 = $487.90
Now, we need to find the additional discount needed to bring the net price to $441:
$487.90 - $441 = $46.90
To calculate the additional discount as a percentage, we can use the formula:
Discount % = (Discount / Original Price) x 100
Discount % = ($46.90 / $850) x 100 = 5.52%
Therefore, a further discount of 5.52% is needed to bring the net price to $441.
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using net book value (instead of gross cost) to calculate average operating assets ____ . multiple choice question. increases roi over time encourages new investment has no effect on roi
When calculating ROI (Return on Investment), the formula is generally expressed as a percentage, dividing the net income by the average operating assets. The average operating assets are calculated by taking the sum of the beginning and ending assets and dividing by two.
The use of net book value (NBV) instead of gross cost when calculating average operating assets will have an impact on ROI. Net book value is the current value of an asset minus any accumulated depreciation or impairment.
If NBV is used instead of gross cost, it will reduce the value of assets on the balance sheet. This can have a positive impact on ROI over time, as the depreciation expense is recognized over the useful life of the asset, leading to lower asset values and therefore lower average operating assets. This will increase the ROI calculation over time as the numerator (net income) remains relatively constant, while the denominator (average operating assets) decreases.
Using NBV may also encourage new investment as it will make the ROI of new investments appear more attractive, leading to a higher likelihood of investment decisions being made.
Therefore, the answer to the multiple-choice question is that using net book value to calculate average operating assets increases ROI over time.
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Garbera Enterprises manufactures tires for the Formula 1 motor racing circuit. For August 2017, it budgeted to manufacture and sell 2,800 tires at a variable cost of $78 per tire and total fixed costs of $56,500. The budgeted selling price was $112 per tire. Actual results in August 2017 were 2,500 tires manufactured and sold at a selling price of $113 per tire. The actual total variable costs were $212,500, and the actual total fixed costs were $52,500. Read the requirements. Requirement 1. Prepare a performance report that uses a flexible budget and a static budget. Begin with the actual results, then complete the flexible budget columns and the static budget columns. Label each variance as favorable or unfavorable. (For variances with a $0 balance, make sure to enter "0" in the appropriate field. If the variance is zero, do not select a label.) Actual Results Units sold - Х Requirements Revenues Variable costs Contribution margin 1. Prepare a performance report that uses a flexible budget and a static budget. 2. Comment on the results in requirement 1. Fixed costs Operating income
A performance report compares actual results to budgeted results, which helps managers to identify areas where the company is performing well or needs improvement.
In this case, Garbera Enterprises budgeted to manufacture and sell 2,800 tires, but the actual sales were 2,500 tires. The performance report should include a flexible budget, which adjusts the budgeted amounts based on the actual level of activity, and a static budget, which does not adjust for changes in activity.
The flexible budget shows the budgeted amounts for actual level of activity, which is 2,500 tires. The static budget shows the budgeted amounts based on the original level of activity, which is 2,800 tires. The actual results are then compared to both the flexible and static budgets to identify variances.
In this case, the actual sales price per tire was higher than budgeted, resulting in a favorable revenue variance. However, the actual variable cost per tire was also higher than budgeted, resulting in an unfavorable variable cost variance. The actual fixed costs were lower than budgeted, resulting in a favorable fixed cost variance. Overall, the operating income was higher than budgeted, which is a favorable variance.
Managers should investigate the variances to identify the reasons for the differences between actual and budgeted results. For example, they could analyze the reasons for the higher variable cost per tire and see if there are opportunities to reduce costs. They could also evaluate the sales performance and determine if the higher sales price was due to increased demand or effective pricing strategies. This information can then be used to make adjustments to future budgets and improve performance.
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Inventory decisions, product deterioration, and theft control are tasks in the risk-taking function of wholesaling
a. true b. false
The statement "Inventory decisions, product deterioration, and theft control are tasks in the risk-taking function of wholesaling" is true.
Wholesalers play a crucial role in the distribution process by purchasing products from manufacturers and selling them to retailers. One of their main functions is risk-taking, which involves assuming the risks associated with carrying and managing inventory.
Inventory decisions, product deterioration, and theft control are all tasks associated with the risk-taking function of wholesaling.
Inventory decisions refer to decisions wholesalers make regarding the quantity and variety of products they carry in their inventory. These decisions involve striking a balance between having enough products to meet retailers' demands and avoiding excessive stock that could lead to increased costs.
Product deterioration is another risk wholesalers face, especially when dealing with perishable goods or products with a limited shelf life. Wholesalers must manage their inventory efficiently to minimize the chances of product spoilage and ensure that they supply retailers with products in optimal condition.
Theft control is a critical task for wholesalers, as they need to implement security measures to prevent the loss of inventory due to theft or other unauthorized activities.
This can involve investing in security systems, employing security personnel, and implementing internal controls to minimize the chances of inventory theft.
In conclusion, inventory decisions, product deterioration, and theft control are essential tasks within the risk-taking function of wholesaling.
These tasks contribute to the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the distribution process, ensuring that retailers receive the products they need in good condition and on time.
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Four friends decide to meet at a Chinese restaurant for dinner.They decide that each person will order an item off the menu, andthey will share all dishes. They will split the cost of the finalbill evenly among each of the people at the table. A Tragedy of theCommons problem is likely for each of the following reasonsEXCEPT:a. each person has an incentive to eat as fast as possible sincetheir individual rate of consumption will not affect theirindividual cost.b. there is an externality associated with eating the food on thetable.c. when one person eats, he many not take into account how hischoice affects his friends.d. each dish would be both excludable and rival in consumption.
The Tragedy of the Commons problem is NOT likely for each of the following reasons EXCEPT for: each dish would be both excludable and rival in consumption. The correct option D.
This is because the concept of excludability and rivalry in consumption are characteristics of private goods, rather than common resources. In this situation, the dishes are shared among the friends, making them non-excludable and non-rivalrous during the dinner.
For the other options, the Tragedy of the Commons problem is likely because:
a. Each person has an incentive to eat as fast as possible since their individual rate of consumption will not affect their individual cost. This can lead to over-consumption and deplete the shared dishes quickly.
b. There is an externality associated with eating the food on the table. The externality is the impact on others' enjoyment and consumption of the shared dishes when one person eats more than their fair share.
c. When one person eats, they may not take into account how their choice affects their friends. This lack of consideration for others can lead to a suboptimal outcome for the group, as the shared dishes may be consumed too quickly or unevenly distributed among the friends.
In conclusion, the Tragedy of the Commons problem is likely for options a, b, and c, but not for option d, as excludability and rivalry in consumption do not apply to the shared dishes in this scenario.
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Complete question
Four friends decide to meet at a Chinese restaurant for dinner. They decide that each person will order an item off the menu, and they will share all dishes. They will split the cost of the final bill evenly among each of the people at the table. A Tragedy of the Commons problem is likely for each of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. each person has an incentive to eat as fast as possible since their individual rate of consumption will not affect their individual cost.
b. there is an externality associated with eating the food on the table.
c. when one person eats, he many not take into account how his choice affects his friends.
d. each dish would be both excludable and rival in consumption.
Crane Marine Products began the year with 10 units of marine floats at a cost of $15.00 each. During the year, it made the following purchases: May 5, 30 units at $22.00; July 16, 15 units at $27.00; and December 7, 20 units at $33.00. Assuming there are 25 units on hand at the end of the period, determine the cost of goods sold under (a) FIFO, (b) LIFO, and (c) average-cost. Crane uses the periodic approach.
Cost of Goods Sold
FIFO enter cost of goods sold under First In First Out in dollars
LIFO enter cost of goods sold under Last In First Out in dollars
Average-cost enter cost of goods sold under Average-cost in dollars
Under FIFO, the cost of goods sold will be calculated by assuming that the units sold are those that were purchased first, and the units that remain in inventory are those that were purchased most recently.
So, the cost of goods sold will be:
(a) FIFO: (10 units x $15.00) + (30 units x $22.00) + (15 units x $27.00) + (20 units x $33.00) = $1,485.00
Under LIFO, the cost of goods sold will be calculated by assuming that the units sold are those that were purchased most recently, and the units that remain in inventory are those that were purchased first.
So, the cost of goods sold will be:
(b) LIFO: (20 units x $33.00) + (15 units x $27.00) + (5 units x $22.00) + (5 units x $15.00) = $1,445.00
Under average cost, the cost of goods sold will be calculated by taking the weighted average of the cost of units available for sale.
So, the cost of goods sold will be:
(c) Average-cost: Total cost of units available for sale / Total units available for sale = [(10 units x $15.00) + (30 units x $22.00) + (15 units x $27.00) + (20 units x $33.00)] / (75 units) = $26.40 per unit
Cost of goods sold = $26.40 x (75 units - 25 units) = $1,980.00
Therefore, the cost of goods sold under FIFO is $1,485.00, under LIFO is $1,445.00, and under average cost is $1,980.00.
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Salaries for various positions can vary significantly, depending on whether or not the company is in the public or private sector. The U.S. Department of Labor posted the 2007 average salary for human resource managers employed by the federal government as $76,503. Assume that annual salaries for this type of job are normally distributed and have a standard deviation of $8850. a. What is the probability that a randomly selected human resource manager received over $100,000 in 2007? b. A sample of 20 human resource managers is taken and annual salaries are reported. What is the probability that the sample mean annual salary falls between $70,000 and $80,000?
P(-3.29 < z < 1.77) ≈ 0.9592 - 0.0005 ≈ 0.9587 (95.87%).
a. To find the probability that a randomly selected human resource manager received over $100,000 in 2007, we first need to calculate the z-score:
z = (X - μ) / σ
where X is the salary ($100,000), μ is the mean salary ($76,503), and σ is the standard deviation ($8,850).
z = (100,000 - 76,503) / 8,850 ≈ 2.65
Now, use a standard normal table or a calculator to find the probability of a z-score greater than 2.65, which is approximately 0.004 (0.4%).
b. To find the probability that the sample mean annual salary falls between $70,000 and $80,000 for a sample of 20 human resource managers, we need to calculate the z-scores for both $70,000 and $80,000.
For a sample, the standard deviation is adjusted as follows:
σ_sample = σ / √n
where n is the sample size (20).
σ_sample = 8,850 / √20 ≈ 1,977
Now, calculate the z-scores:
z1 = (70,000 - 76,503) / 1,977 ≈ -3.29
z2 = (80,000 - 76,503) / 1,977 ≈ 1.77
Finally, use a standard normal table or a calculator to find the probability between z1 and z2:
P(-3.29 < z < 1.77) ≈ 0.9592 - 0.0005 ≈ 0.9587 (95.87%).
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When using WACC, the correct number is the: a. pre-tax cost of debt, because it is the actual rate the firm is paying bondholders. O b. b. post-tax cost of debt, because dividends are tax-deductible. c. post-tax cost of debt, because interest is tax-deductible. Jelly's corporation wants to have a weighted average cost of capital of 9.5 percent. The firm has an after-tax cost of debt of 6.5 percent and a cost of equity of 12.75 percent. a What debt-equity ratio is needed for the firm to achieve its targeted weighted average cost of capital? a. 0.84 O b. 1.08 O c. 0.92
When using WACC, the correct number is the post-tax cost of debt, because interest is tax-deductible. The debt-equity ratio needed for Jelly's corporation to achieve its targeted weighted average cost of capital is 0.92.
To calculate the debt-equity ratio needed for Jelly's corporation to achieve its targeted weighted average cost of capital, we can use the formula:
WACC = (E/V) x Re + (D/V) x Rd x (1 - Tc)
Where:
E = market value of equity
D = market value of debt
V = total value of the firm (E + D)
Re = cost of equity
Rd = cost of debt
Tc = corporate tax rate
We know that the targeted WACC is 9.5 percent, the after-tax cost of debt (Rd) is 6.5 percent, and the cost of equity (Re) is 12.75 percent. We also know that the corporate tax rate (Tc) is not given.
To solve for the debt-equity ratio, we need to rearrange the formula:
D/E = [(Re - Rf) / (Rd x (1 - Tc))]
Where:
Rf = risk-free rate
Since the risk-free rate is not given, we cannot solve for the debt-equity ratio directly. However, we can make an assumption about the risk-free rate and calculate the debt-equity ratio based on that assumption.
Let's assume that the risk-free rate is 2.5 percent (which is a typical rate for long-term government bonds). We also know that the cost of equity (Re) is 12.75 percent. Using these values, we can calculate the equity risk premium (Re - Rf) as:
Equity risk premium = Re - Rf = 12.75% - 2.5% = 10.25%
Now we need to make an assumption about the corporate tax rate (Tc). Let's assume that the corporate tax rate is 35 percent (which is the federal tax rate for many US corporations). Using this assumption, we can calculate the debt-equity ratio as:
D/E = [(Re - Rf) / (Rd x (1 - Tc))] = [(12.75% - 2.5%) / (6.5% x (1 - 0.35))] = 0.92
Therefore, the debt-equity ratio needed for Jelly's corporation to achieve its targeted weighted average cost of capital is 0.92 (option c).
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Principal Engineering purchased 80% of Simons Solutions in 2019. After the acquisition, Simons began selling inventory to Principal for resale by Principal. During 2021 the following information exists. Principal’s Beginning 2021 Inventory included $50,000 of inventory purchased from Simons. Simons’ Gross Profit ratio on this beginning inventory was 30%. During 2021, Simons sold inventory to Principal for $160,000 which had a cost to Simons of $104,000. On December 31, 2021, Principal still had $20,000 of the 2021 purchased material in ending inventory.
Based on this information, it is clear that the relationship between Principal and Simons involves inventory purchases and sales, and that Simons is earning a gross profit on these sales. It would be important to review the terms of the acquisition between Principal and Simons to fully understand the nature of this relationship and any potential conflicts of interest.
Based on the information provided, it appears that after Principal Engineering purchased 80% of Simons Solutions in 2019, Simons began selling inventory to Principal for resale by Principal. In 2021, Principal's beginning inventory included $50,000 of inventory purchased from Simons, and Simons' gross profit ratio on this beginning inventory was 30%.
During 2021, Simons sold inventory to Principal for $160,000, which had a cost to Simons of $104,000. This means that Simons had a gross profit of $56,000 ($160,000 - $104,000) on the inventory sold to Principal.
On December 31, 2021, Principal still had $20,000 of the 2021 purchased material in ending inventory. This means that Principal had already sold $140,000 ($160,000 - $20,000) worth of inventory purchased from Simons in 2021.
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