4.- Una vagoneta de 1000 kg de peso parte del reposo en el punto 1 y desciende, sin rozamiento, por la vía indicada en la figura. A) Calcular la fuerza que la vía ejerce sobre la vagoneta en el punto 2, donde el radio de curvatura es de 6 m. B) Determinar el mínimo valor del radio de curvatura en el punto 3 para salvar dicho punto

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A) 49,050 N

B) 16 m

Explanation:

Question:

El dibujo de la pregunta se obtiene de un documento titulado "TRABAJO DIVERSO Y ENERGÍA" que se encuentra en línea y se presenta aquí.

La masa dada del vagón, m = 1,000 kg

La altura del punto en el que descansa el vagón, punto 1, h₁ = 12 m

A) El radio en el punto 2, el punto más bajo, R = 6 m

La fuerza, 'N', que la vía ejerce sobre el vagón en el punto 1 viene dada por la siguiente relación;

N = El peso del vagón + La fuerza de movimiento del vagón

∴ N = m × g + m × a

Dónde;

g = La aceleración debida a la gravedad ≈ 9,81 m / s²

a = La aceleración del vagón

Observamos que para el movimiento circular, la fuerza de movimiento del vagón, m × a = La fuerza centrípeta que actúa sobre el vagón = m × v² / R

∴ m × a = m × v² / R

Dónde;

v² = La velocidad del vagón en el punto 2 = 2 · g · h₁

Por lo tanto;

N = m × g + m × a = m × g + m × v² / R = m × g + m × 2 · g · h₁ / R

∴ N = 1000 × 9,81 + 1000 × 2 × 9,81 × 12/6 = 49,050

La fuerza que ejerce el vagón en el punto 2, N = 49,050 N

B) En el punto 3, tenemos;

N = m · g - m · a₃

La fuerza centrípeta en el punto 3, m · a₃ = m · v₃² / R₃

∴ La altura en el punto 3, h₃ = 4 m

El cuadrado de la velocidad en el punto 3, v₃² = 2 · g · (h₁ - h₃)

Para que el vagón esté seguro en el punto 3, la fuerza de la vía sobre el vagón, N = 0 para que el vagón permanezca en la vía actuando

Por lo tanto;

N = m · g - m · a₃ = 0

m · g = m · a₃ = m · v₃² / R₃ = m · (2 ​​· g · (h₁ - h₃)) / R₃

∴ R₃ = (2 · g · (h₁ - h₃)) / g = (2 · (h₁ - h₃)) = 2 × (12 - 4) = 16

El radio de curvatura en el punto 3 para que el punto sea seguro es R₃ = 16 m.

4.- Una Vagoneta De 1000 Kg De Peso Parte Del Reposo En El Punto 1 Y Desciende, Sin Rozamiento, Por La

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