ANSWER
STEP-BY-STEP EXPLANATION
What is known about the first forensic laboratory?
A.
It was opened by the Los Angeles Police Department.
B.
It was started by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
C.
It opened in the late 1800s.
D.
It was built by a Chinese emperor in the 1200s.
Answer:
It was started by the FBI
Which statement describes how a macroscopic property of gases provides information about microscopic gas particles?A. Gases fill their container, showing that gas particles are not tied together and can move far apart.B. Gases fill their container, showing that gas particles are strongly attracted through electrostatic forces.C. Gases have a fixed volume, showing that gas particles are strongly attracted through electrostatic forces.D. Gases have a fixed volume, showing that gas particles are not tied together and can move far apart.
It's important to know that gases don't have a defined volume as solids do because they don't have a definite shape.
Also, gas partcles are not tied together because their intermolecular forces are weak, this enables them to travel away one from another.
Therefore, the answer is A.
What's the difference between ionization and dissociation?
Question options:
A)
Ionization breaks ionic bonds, and dissociation breaks covalent bonds.
B)
Ionization involves complete breakdown, while dissociation is only partial.
C)
Ionization breaks covalent bonds, and dissociation breaks ionic bonds.
The difference between ionization and dissociation : Ionization breaks ionic bonds, and dissociation breaks covalent bonds.
Ionization breaks the ionic bond into its constituent ions while dissociation is breaking of bond into its simple constituent. Ionization is a irreversible process and dissociation is reversible process. The bond involves in the process of ionization is ionic bond and the bond involved in the process of dissociation is the covalent bond. The compound related to ionization is ionic compound and the compounds related with dissociation is covalent compound.
Thus, The difference between ionization and dissociation :
(A) Ionization breaks ionic bonds, and dissociation breaks covalent bonds.
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The following lists consists of ionic compounds EXCEPT
barium hydroxide, zinc carbonate, ammonium sulfate
calcium chloride, carbon disulfide, magnesium nitrate
sodium sulfate, copper(II) oxide, potassium nitride
aluminium sulfide, sodium sulfite, calcium fluoride
Except for NACLE, the is made up of ionic compounds. Carbon disulfide bonds are not ionic due to their weak and trivial polarity. Carbon disulfide bonds are covalent due to the small difference in electronegativities of carbon and sulfur.
What makes an ionic bond?Ionic bond, also known as electrovalent bond, is a type of linkage formed in a chemical compound by the electrostatic attraction of oppositely charged ions. When the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are permanently transferred to another, a bond is formed.After two or more atoms lose or gain electrons to form an ion, an ionic bond can form. Ionic bonds form when metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain electrons. Ions with opposite charges attract each other, forming an ionic bond.To learn more about Ionic Bond, refer to:
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The molar mass of oxygen gas (O2) is 32.00 g/mol. The molar mass of C3H8 is 44.1 g/mol. What mass of O2, in grams, is required to completely react with 0.025 g C3H8?"Determine the mass of each of the following compounds, rounding molar masses of elements to the gram before adding up the total: C3H8 (propane)"
The molar mass of oxygen gas (O2) is 32.00 g/mol.
The molar mass of C3H8 is 44.1 g/mol.
This kind of reaction is a combustion:
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O (In a combustion we obtain CO2 and H2O. Don't forget to balance this equation)
Procedure:
Let's use stoichiometry to solve this
44.1 g C3H8 --------- 5 x 32.00 g O2
0.025 g C3H8 --------- X
X = 0.091 g O2
Answer: mass of O2 required = 0.091 g
The volume of ammonia gas at .930 atm of pressure is gradually decreased from 96.2mL to 44.7mL. What is the final pressure of ammonia if there is no change in temperature?
Initial Pressure = P₁ = 0.930 atm
Final Pressure = P₂ = ?
Initial Volume = V₁= 96.2 mL
Final Volume = V₂ = 44.7 mL
Temperature = constant
If we consider that ammonia as an Ideal Gas, and since the temperature is constant we can apply Boyle's Law. It says that at constant temperature:
P₁ * V₁ = P₂ * V₂
If we divide at both sides by V₂:
P₁* V₁ / V₂ = P₂ * V₂ / V₂
On the right side we can cancel V₂ and we get:
P₁* V₁ / V₂ = P₂
P₂ = P₁* V₁ / V₂
Replacing by the values that we were given:
P2 = 0.930 atm * 96.2 mL / (44.7 mL)
P2 = 2.00 atm
So the final pressure is 2.00 atm
Which of the following statements about temperature scales are correct? Select all that apply.
Zero on the Kelvin scale corresponds to absolute zero.
The Kelvin and Fahrenheit scales are commonly used in chemistry.
The units the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are both called degrees.
Water boils at 273 K on the Kelvin scale.
Zero on the Kelvin scale corresponds to absolute zero this statements about temperature scales is correct
What is Temperature scales ?Using a beginning point (0 or zero) and a unit of measurement, a temperature scale can be used to indicate or measure temperature. This is typically accomplished by designating certain physical events as occurring at 0 and 100 degrees Fahrenheit, respectively, at specific temperatures, such as the freezing and boiling points of water.
The Fahrenheit and Celsius (Centigrade) systems are the two most often used temperature scales. Due to the fact that all molecular activity stops at the zero points of the Rankin and Kelvin scales, two other scales, they are known as the absolute scales. This location is referred to as absolute zero.Learn more about Temperature scales here:
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What two properties change that would cause a boiled egg to drop into a container, that’s mouth was smaller than the egg? 1. Temperature 2. Pressure 3. Volume 4. Number of particles
Answer:
2. Pressure
4. Number of particles.
Explanation:
If we drop a boiled egg into a container with a smaller mouth than the egg, we can note a change in the pressure inside the container, because initially, we have the atmospheric pressure inside the container but the egg will impose a different pressure inside; and the number of particles will be affected too because we suppose that the container is exchanging particles with the ambient so we wouldn't have an exact amount of particles in the container because of this exchange dynamic, so if the egg is covering the mouth of the container, the number of particles would be constant.
The answers would be 2. Pressure and 4. Number of particles.
QUESTION 2How many grams of NaOH are present in 27.0 mL of a 2 M solution?
We want the mass of NaOH, Given:
V = 27.0 mL = 0.0270 L
C = 2 M
Given the concentration and volume we can find the number of moles of NaOH, and then convert it to mass.
C = n/V (or Molarity = moles of solute/litres of the solution) where C is the concentration or molarity, n is the number of moles of the solute and V is the volume of the solution
n = Cv
n = 2 x 0.0270 L
n = 0.054 mol
Now that we have the number of moles, we can get the mass of NaOH. Molar mass of NaOH = 39,997 g/mol
n = m/M where m is the mass and M is the molar mass
m = nM
m = 0.054 mol x 39,997 g/mol
m = 2.16 g
what are terms used for solubility or concentration expression ?
Answer:
The correct expression used for solubility is a. grams per 100 grams of solvent. One of the most commonly used methods for expressing the concentrations is molarity.
identify the functional group and name the compound ch3ch2ch2ch2ch2ch2cho
Answer: valeraldehyde
Explanation:
I had to memorize this one
The functional group present is aldehyde and name of compound is valeraldehyde.
What are functional groups?Functional group is defined as a substituent or group of toms or an atom which causes chemical reactions.Each functional group will react similarly regardless to the parent carbon chain to which it is attached.This helps in prediction of chemical reactions.
The reactivity of functional group can be enhanced by making modifications in the functional group .Atoms present in functional groups are linked to each other by means of covalent bonds.They are named along with organic compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature.
Functional group inter conversion is also possible by retro -synthesis.In some cases , functional groups can be charged molecules.
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How many grams of calcium fluoride are in 1.5 moles of calcium fluoride?
The number of grams of calcium fluoride in 1.5 moles of calcium fluoride is 88.5grams.
How to calculate mass?The mass of a substance or compound can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of the substance by its molar mass as follows:
mass = no of moles × molar mass
According to this question, there are 1.5 moles of calcium fluoride (CaF). The molar mass of calcium fluoride can be calculated as follows:
CaF = 40g/mol + 19g/mol = 59g/mol
mass = 59g/mol × 1.5mol
mass = 88.5grams.
Therefore, 88.5grams of calcium fluoride is present in 1.5 moles of the compound.
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Where are the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals located? How do the characteristic properties of each group compare/contrast to the other?
Alkali Metals are located in the first group in the periodic table. (Hydrogen is not alkali, be careful with that).
Alkaline Earth Metals are in group number two, right next to the Alkali Metals.
You have to look at the vertical groups ( 1 and 2).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALKALI METALS (AL) VS ALKALINE EARTH METALS (ALE).
Alkali Metals are soft, Alkaline Earth Metals are hard.
AL have only one electron in the last shell, ALE have 2.
AL present a low melting point, ALE high.
AL form hydroxides strongly basic, ALE hydroxides are less basic.
AL are more reactive than ALE
AL have +1 ionic charge in their compounds, ALE have +2 ionic charge in their compounds.
What type of bond is formed between hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a water molecule?Ionic bondNonpolar covalent bondPolar covalent bondHydrogen bondWhich of the following best describes a solute that is dissolved in water?Aqueous solutionGaseous solutionAlloyHeterogeneous solution
To determine what type of bond is formed when hydrogen and oxygen form water, we have to find the difference in electronegativities of hydrogen and oxygen:
[tex]3.44-2.2=1.24[/tex]According to this, the difference between electronegativities is less than 1.7 and greater than 0.4, which means that the type of bond formed by oxygen and hydrogen is polar covalent bond.
Calculate the energy and frequency of red light having a wavelength of 650 nm (Note => 650 nm = 6.50 * 10^7 m)
The energy and frequency of the red light would be 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁹ Joules and 4.615 × 10¹⁴ Hz respectively if the red light has a wavelength of 650
nm.
What is Wavelength?It can be understood in terms of the distance between any two similar successive points across any wave for example wavelength can be calculated by measuring the distance between any two successive crests.
C = λν
As given in the problem we have to calculate the energy of the light if the wavelength of light is 6.5 × 10⁻⁷ meters.
The frequency of the red light = 3 × 10⁸ / 6.5 × 10⁻⁷
= 4.615 × 10¹⁴ Hz
The energy of the red light = h ν
= 6.26 × 10⁻³⁴ × 4.615 × 10¹⁴
= 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁹ Joules
Thus, the energy and frequency of the red light would be 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁹ Joules and 4.615 × 10¹⁴ Hz respectively.
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Name the attatched alkene
Answer:
limonene molecule.
Explanation:
What is the mass in grams of 8 moles of ammonia, NH3?
The first step to find the mass of the 8 moles of NH₃ is to find the molar mass of NH₃. The molar mass of any compound is the mass of one mol of it. To calculate it, we have to look for the atomic masses of the elements that the molecule has.
N: 14.01 amu
H: 1.01 amu
Then the molar mass of NH₃ will be:
molar mass of NH₃ = 14.01 + 3 * 1.01
molar mass of NH₃ = 17.04 g/mol
Now that we know the molar mass of NH₃ (the mass of one mol of it) we can easily find the mass of 8 moles.
mass = 8 moles of NH₃ * 17.04 g/mol = 136.32 g
mass = 136.32 g
Answer: the mass in grams of 8 moles of ammonia is 136.32 g
How many atoms are in this compound: Li₂SO₂?
To count atoms, we can find the total sum of the subscripts in a chemical compound.
This is the case for most compounds. In some cases, we will have to multiply subscripts when there are elements inside brackets.
Solving the QuestionWe're given:
Li₂SO₂
In front of lithium (Li), there is a 2.
In front of sulfur (S), there is nothing, which means 1.
In front of oxygen (O), there is a 2.
Add:
2 + 1 + 2 = 5
Therefore, there are 5 atoms in Li₂SO₂.
Answer5 atoms
fig. 15 shows a simplified diagram of the electrolysis of a molten electrolyte containing lithium chloride. b. Describe how the electron configuration of each lithium ion changes when it arrives at the cathode. You may draw a diagram to help you answer this question.
During the electrolysis of the molten lithium chloride, the Lithium ions (Li⁺) at the cathode undergoes reduction, and the electron configuration of lithium becomes 1s²2s¹.
What is electrolysis?Electrolysis can be described as the process in which the electric current is passed through the chemical compound to break them. In this process, the atoms and ions are interchanged by the addition or removal of electrons.
The ions are allowed to move freely in this process. When an ionic compound is melted or dissolved in water then ions are produced which can move freely.
During the electrolysis of molten lithium chloride, the lithium ions reach the cathode and accept the electrons while chloride ions reach at anode and loss electrons to become chlorine gas.
At anode : 2 Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻
At cathode: 2 Li⁺ + 2e⁻ → Li
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What is the number of molecules in
500m cube of Oxygen at room temperature
4.95 is the number of molecules in 500m cube of Oxygen at room temperature and pressure
we have got data
pressure=1atm
temperature=298 k
volume=500 m^3
gas constant, R=8.31
now, by applying ideal gas equation
PV=nRT
1×500=n×8.31×298
n=2476.38/500
n=4.95
It is the lowest part of the material and has chemical elemental properties. Atoms do not independently exist; rather, they combine to form ions and molecules, which then combine to form the material that we can see, feel, and touch.
Molecules are made up of one or more atoms connected by covalent (chemical) connections. Atoms can be visualized as circles with a nucleus in the center (made up of protons and neutrons) and one or more concentric circles around it that indicate the "shells" or "levels" in which the electrons surrounding the atom's nucleus are located, as well as markings that identify the electron. each level
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9. Which statement provides evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory?* 2 points
O the universe began as a very high density singularity
Small spiral galaxies become larger elliptical galaxies
Dark matter makes up the majority of matter in the galaxy.
The chemical makeup of the universe has changed dramatically
The statement the chemical makeup of the universe has changed dramatically provides evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory (Option D).
What is the Big Bang Theory?The Big Bang Theory is a widely accepted theory in physics that states all the universe began with a huge explosion and form then matters expanded in space at the same time that it is cooling.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the Big Bang Theory states that the chemical composition of the universe associated with hydrogen and helium modified since this explosion.
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Answer:
d
Explanation:
A testable question is, “How does the amount of exercise affect heart rate and breathing rate?” Which is a controlled variable?O Amount of exerciseO Heart rateO Breathing rateO Temperature in the room
Answer
Temperature of the room
Explanation
The room temperature can be controlled compared to all other options.
During her presentation, Zahara was asked several questions from the audience and to provide the molecular formula for molecules that the audience had questions about. Help Zahara show the molecular formula for the following compounds: Trisilicon tetranitride
Because tri means 3, there are 3 silicon atoms, and tetra means 4, so there will be 4 nitrogen atoms, the answer is:
[tex]_{N_4Si_{3_{}}}[/tex]Give the number of valence electrons in krypton. Write out the electronic configuration for the valence electrons. Valence electrons: _______ Electronic configuration for the valence electrons: ________
ANSWER
[tex]\begin{gathered} \text{ Valence electrons; 8} \\ \text{ Electronic configuration for the valence electrons; 4s}^2\text{ 4p}^6 \end{gathered}[/tex]EXPLANATION
Krypton is an example of a noble gas. Noble gases are not reactive because their octet state has been completely filled. Krypton belongs to group 0 or 18.
Since the octet state is completely filled, then the number of electrons at the outermost shell is 8
Therefore, the valence electrons of Krypton is 8
The electronic configuration of the valence electron is written below as
[tex]\text{ 4s}^24p^6[/tex]you find the density of an object 4 times 1.3g/ml 1.25g/ml 1.17g/ml and 1.22g/ml now determine the percent deviation from the mean
Firstly we will determine the average or the mean of the objects density:
[tex]\begin{gathered} Mean=\frac{1.3g•mL^{-1}+1.25g•mL^{-1}+1.17g•mL^{-1}+1.22g•mL^{-1}}{4} \\ Mean=\frac{4.94g•mL^{-1}}{4} \\ Mean=1.235 \end{gathered}[/tex]Now we will calculate the deviation. The deviation is how much is trial is different from the average. We take the absolute value so the answers can be positive:
[tex]\begin{gathered} Trial\text{ }1:|1.3-1.235|=0.065 \\ Trial\text{ }2:|1.25-1.235|=0.015 \\ Trial\text{ }3:|1.17-1.235|=0.065 \\ Trial\text{ }4:|1.22-1.235|=0.015 \end{gathered}[/tex]We will determine the average of the deviation:
[tex]\begin{gathered} Deviation\text{ }mean=\frac{0.065+0.015+0.065+0.015}{4} \\ Deviation\text{ }mean=0.04 \end{gathered}[/tex]To determine the percent deviation we:
[tex]\begin{gathered} \%\text{ }deviation=\frac{mean\text{ }deviation}{mean}\times100 \\ \\ \%\text{ }deviation=\frac{0.04}{1.235}\times100 \\ \\ \%\text{ }deviation=3.24\% \end{gathered}[/tex]Answer: The percent deviation from the mean is 3.24%,
A piece of magnesium ribbon is reacted with excess hydrochloric acid to produce aqueous magnesium chloride
and hydrogen gas. The volume of the dry hydrogen gas produced is 45.6 milliliters. The temperature of the gas
is 293 K, and the pressure is 99.5 kilopascals.
Balance the given equation using the smallest whole number coefficients.
___Mg(s) + ___HCl(aq) →> ___MgCl₂(aq) + ____H₂(g)
The balanced chemical equation between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is Mg + 2 HCl[tex]\rightarrow[/tex] MgCl₂ + H₂
What is a chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.
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Metals reacts with hydrogen halides to produce metallic halides easily and the reaction evolves hydrogen gas. The balanced reaction of Mg and HCl is written as follows:
[tex]Mg (s) + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_{2} (aq)+ H_{2}(g)[/tex]
What is a balanced reaction?A balanced reaction is represented by a chemical equation, in which each elements are equal in number on both side of the reaction. Thus the coefficients of reactants must be in proper stoichiometric ratios.
Metals easily reacts with hydrogen halides such as HCl, HBr, HF etc to form their metal halides. This reaction evolves hydrogen gas. Metals are highly electropositive and they can donate electrons to the electronegative atoms such as Cl.
In the given reaction, there are 2 hydrogens and two chlorines in the product side. Thus We have to multiply HCl by 2. Thus, there will be equal number of hydrogens in both side and similar for Mg and chlorines.
Therefore, the balanced reaction is :[tex]Mg (s) + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_{2} (aq)+ H_{2}(g)[/tex]. and the whole number coefficients are 1,2,1,1.
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A 6.5 L gas sample at 298 K and 0.51
atm expands until a volume of 9.9 L is
reached. What will be the final
temperature if the final pressure is
0.65 atm? Please show the work.
The final temperature if the final pressure is 0.65 atm will be 585 K
It is given that
Initial Volume of sample = V1 = 6.5 L
Initial temperature = T1 = 298 K
Initial pressure = P1 = 0.51 atm
Final Volume = V2 = 9.9 L
Final temperature = T2 = ?
Final pressure = P2 = 0.65 atm
Gay-Lussac's law - The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the. temperature when volume and amount of substance is constant. P1/T1 = P2/T2 Combined gas law P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 Use the gas laws for pressure, volume and temperature calculations.
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
0.52 x 6.5/298 = 0.65 x 9.9/T2
0.011 = 6.435/T2
T2 = 585 K
Hence, final temperature if the final pressure is 0.65 atm will be 585 K
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How many grams of fluorine gas occupy 543.2ml and exert 123456 pa of pressure at 29.8 degrees Celsius
Answer:
m = 506 grams of fluorine
Explanation:
Given:
M = 19·10⁻³ kg / mol - molar mass of fluorine
V = 543.2 mL = 543.2·10⁻³ m³
p = 123456 Pa
t = 29.8°C
_____________________
m - ?
Temperature in degrees Kelvin:
T = 273.15 + t = 273.15 + 29.8 = 302.95 K
Clapeyron-Mendeleev law:
p·V = (m/M)·R·T
Mass of fluorine:
m = p·V·M / (R·T)
m = 123456·543.2·10⁻³·19·10⁻³ / (8,31·302.95) ≈ 0.506 kg
or m = 506 g
During a titration, an endpoint was reached after adding 20 mL of sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH(aq), to 20 mL of sulfuric acid, H2SO4. The sodium hydroxide solution had a concentration of 1.50 mol/L. What was the initial concentration of the sulfuric acid? Select one: a. 1.50 mol/L b. 2.25 mol/L c. 3 mol/L d. 0.75 mol/L
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction as follows:
[tex]2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O[/tex]Given:
Concentration of sodium hydroxide =1.50 mol/L
Volume of sodium hydroxide = 20 mL
Concentration of sulfuric acid = x
Volume of sulfuric acid = 20 mL
Firstly, we will determine the moles that is in 20 mL of 1.5 M NaOH:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 1.5\text{ }mole=1000mL \\ x\text{ }mol=20mL \\ \\ x=\frac{1.5mol\times20mL}{1000mL} \\ \\ x=0.03mol\text{ }NaOH \end{gathered}[/tex]Based on the balanced chemical equation and the moles of NaOH we can use stoichiometry (ratios) to determine the moles of 20 mL sulfuric acid:
[tex]0.03mol\text{ }NaOH\times\frac{1mol\text{ }H_2SO_4}{2mol\text{ }NaOH}=0.015\text{ }mol[/tex]Now that we know how many moles are in 20 mL of H2SO4, we can determine the moles in 1000mL (initial concentration):
[tex]\begin{gathered} 0.015\text{ }mol=20\text{ }mL \\ x\text{ }mol=1000\text{ }mL \\ x=\frac{0.015mol\times1000mL}{20mL} \\ \\ x=0.75mol•L^{-1} \end{gathered}[/tex]Answer: D) 0.75 mol/L,
A solution is prepared by mixing 500. mL of 0.10 M NaOCl and 500. mL of 0.20 M HOCl. What is the pH of this solution? [Ka(HOCl) = 3.2 × 10–8 ]
The pH of the solution is calculated as 7.2.
What is the pH of the solution?Let us recall that we can make us of the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation
to obtain the pH of the solution if we would follow the steps that have been itemized below.
Number of moles of the acid = 500/1000 L * 0.20 M = 0.1 moles
Number of moles of salt = 500/1000 L * 0.1 M = 0.05 moles
Total volume of the solution = 500 mL + 500 mL = 1000 mL or 1L
Now;
Molarity of the acid = 0.1 moles/1 L = 0.1 mol L-1
Molarity of the salt = 0.05 moles/1 L = 0.05 molL-1
Then we apply the equation;
pH = pKa + log[(A-)/(HA)]
pKa = - log (Ka) = - log(3.2 × 10^–8) = 7.5
Thus we have;
pH = 7.5 + log (0.05/0.1)
pH = 7.5 - 0.3
pH = 7.2
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