avogadro's law states that under constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas. what is the relationship consistent with this statement?

Answer

The Ozone Layer

Explanation

Higher up, in the stratosphere, the ozone layer absorbs solar ultra-violet radiation and affects how much of the Sun's heat is radiated back into space. The ozone layer shields us from the harmful effects of excessive UV radiation, which can lead to sunburn, skin cancer and eye damage.

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The main assumption to make is that the density of 5% vinegar is equal to the density of water. Then, for the purposes of the calculation, it is easiest to assume a certain volume of 5% vinegar is used. With these assumptions, we can calculate that the molarity of the solution is 0.83 M.

To calculate the molarity (c) of the solution, we need the number of moles (n) of solute and the volume (V) of the solution:

c = n/V

If we assume that we have 100 mL of 5% vinegar and that its density (d = 1.00 g/mL) is equal to the density of water, we can calculate the mass of the solution (m) using its density and volume (V = 100 mL = 0.100 L):

d = m/V ⇒ m = d*V

m = 1.00 g/mL * 100 mL

m = 100 g

Now we can use the mass and mass percentage (%m = 5% = 0.05) to calculate the mass of acetic acid (AcOH) present:

m(AcOH) = %m * m(solution)

m(AcOH) = 0.05 * 100 g

m(AcOH) = 5 g

Using the mass of AcOH we can calculate the number of moles (n) present by using the molar mass of AcOH (M = 60 g/mol):

n = m/M

n = 5 g / 60 g/mol

n = 0.083 mol

Finally, we calculate the molarity:

c = 0.083 mol / 0.1 L

c = 0.83 M

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A substance made up of only one kind of atom is called Elements.

An element is a pure substance made up of only one kind of atom. A compound is substance made up some of more than  one element. in some of the elements atoms are joined in groups of two or more called as molecule . example : oxygen is an element made up of only one kind of atom that is oxygen atoms. there are 118 known elements , and are represented on the periodic table.

Thus, A substance made up of only one kind of atom is called Elements.

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The white precipitate formed is lead iodide (PbI₂) of mass 131.38g

The term "precipitation reaction" may be described as "a chemical response taking place in aqueous solution wherein ionic bonds integrate to shape an insoluble salt". These insoluble salts fashioned in the course of precipitation reactions are referred to as precipitates. Precipitation reactions are normally double displacement reactions with the formation of stable residues referred to as precipitates.

One of the first-class examples of precipitation reactions is the chemical response among potassium chloride and silver nitrate, which precipitates stable silver chloride. This is an insoluble salt fashioned as a made from precipitation reactions. The chemical components for this precipitation response is proven below.

AgNO3(aqueous) + KCl(aqueous) —–AgCl(precipitate) + KNO3(aqueous)

For the given case,

The balanced reaction is as follows:

Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2KI (aq) → 2KNO₃ (aq) + PbI₂ (s)

This tells us that for every mole of lead iodide (PbI₂) produced, it requires 2 moles of potassium iodide (KI).

If you have 0.57 mole of KI, they will produce: 0.57/2 = 0.285 mol of PbI₂

Number of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

mass of lead iodide (PbI₂)  = Number of moles × molar mass

Mass of lead iodide = 0.285 × 461.01

Mass of lead iodide = 131.38g

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Answer:

Explanation:

We can find the number of moles from the given mass of the element by using the formula

[tex]n = \frac{m}{M} \\ [/tex]

m is the mass

M is the molar mass

n is the number of moles

The molar mass of krypton is 84 g/mol

We have

[tex]n = \frac{175.9}{84} = 2.094\\ [/tex]

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

phenol does not react with NaHCO3 , phenol solubility in water is very less about 8g in 100mL of water , so it will be present in organic layer (methylene chloride) , methylene chloride has a density of 1.33g/mL greater than water so it will be below layer in which phenol is present.

Immiscible liquids are separated using a separatory funnel, or sep funnel. Two layers appear in a separatory funnel when two immiscible liquids are added. The lower layer will be made up of the denser solvent. Most halogenated solvents are less dense than water, but most non-halogenated solvents are.

A separating funnel is used by adding the two phases and the mixture to be separated via the top while keeping the stopcock at the bottom closed. After then, the funnel is shut and gently shaken by being inverted several times. If the two solutions are combined too vigorously, emulsions will form.

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For  a penny having mass 2.5559g dissolved in hno3 and solving from the process as given in the question we get that the penny has 2.64% of copper (Cu) by mass in it

Mass of penny mp = 2.5559g

concentration of Cu in solution = 1.06 * 10^(-2) mol/L

therefore 100ml diluted solution has

n = 1.06*10^(-2) * 100 / 1000 = 1.06 * 10^(-3) mol of copper

The molecular weight of copper mw = 63.5 g/mol

mass of copper Mcu = n * mw(molecular weight of copper)

⇒Mcu = 1.6 * 10^(-3) mol * 63.5 g/mol

⇒Mcu = 0.06731 g

Percentage by mass of copper in the penny, P= (Mcu/ mp)* 100%

⇒ P = (0.06731/2.5559)* 100 %

⇒P = 2.64%

∴There is 2.64% copper by mass in the penny

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The mass of anhydrous compound in 63.8 grams of manganese(ii)sulfate monohydrate is 57.01 grams.

As per the known fact, mass of manganese(ii)sulfate monohydrate is 169.02 grams/mole. Also, the mass of monohydrate which is one molecule of water is 18 grams/mole. So, the percentage of water in manganese(ii)sulfate monohydrate is 18/169.02×100

Percentage = 10.6%

Now, the amount of water in 63.8 grams of manganese(ii)sulfate monohydrate is : 10.6%×63.8

Calculating percentage

Amount of water = 6.79 grams

Mass of anhydrous compound = 63.8 - 6.79

Performing subtraction on Right Hand Side

Mass of anhydrous compound = 57.01 grams

Thus, 57.01 grams is present in mentioned salt.

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Answer:

CH3

Explanation:

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The experiment should be conducted by Jane for several days and the observation of each light and its effect on the plant buds should be noted carefully.

To conduct this experiment, first, place a flowering plant in a place that receives that receive optimum sunlight. This is because this experiment is to be conducted at night time to observe the changes in the bud.

The plant should be watered and at the night, the plant should be placed under a colored light say let us take the blue colored light for the first week. The structure and shape of the bud should be noted in the initial time while placing the colored light after sunset and it should be noted before sunrise.

This observation should be noted for a week. For consecutive weeks, the colors of the light should be changed and the same observations are to be noted.

Later, from the observations inferred, the conclusion could be obtained if the plant and its bud have any effect on exposure to colored lights for several weeks.

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Answer:

This arrangement is called a giant ionic lattice .

Forming ionic compounds -

Answer: It form ionic bond.

Explanation: It forms when atoms of a metallic element give up electrons to atoms of a nonmetallic element. Ionic bonds form only between metals and nonmetals. That's because metals “want” to give up electrons, and nonmetals “want” to gain electrons.

Answer:The yellow crystalline substance is a compound. The green gas and red powder are elements.

Explanation

Elements and compounds are considered pure substances. Elements are made up of a single type of atom while compounds are composed of two or more elements. One example of a compound is the table salt (NaCl) which is made up of one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine. The elements in the compound are combined chemically and there is a definite ratio of these elements. They are formed by a chemical reaction where chemical bonds are formed. Furthermore, the components of the compound can be separated through several means such as extraction, distillation, etc. The process of heating the yellow crystalline substance resulted in the separation of its components namely, the green gas and red powder.

Answer:

COCl2 Phosgene

Explanation:

Answer:

Protects the fish from their environment.

Explanation:

Fish have a mucus on their outer covering that is very slimy and slippery; this serves as a benefit for the fish that will allow it to swim more easily in water.

It also works as a little suit of armor for the fish to protect themselves against predators.

(B) Atomic nuclei would fly apart if strong force did not exist.

The nucleus occupies a small fraction of the atomic volume and contains the number of protons and neutrons characteristic of a particular isotope. Electrostatic repulsion forces normally cause positively charged protons to repel each other, but the nuclei do not fly off due to the strong nuclear force, the very strong but very short-range attraction between nucleons.

All stable nuclei except hydrogen have at least one neutron to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between protons. As the number of protons in the nucleus increases, the number of neutrons required for a stable nucleus increases even faster. If there are too many protons (or too few neutrons) in the nucleus, the forces will be unbalanced and the nucleus will become unstable.

Strong nuclear forces are sometimes simply called strong forces or strong interactions. This force is strong enough to overcome the repulsive force between her two positively charged protons, allowing protons and neutrons to stick together in an unimaginably small space.

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The volume of 3.75 moles of oxygen gas at STP is 84.05L.

The volume of a gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law equation as follows:

PV = nRT

Where;

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the temperature and pressure of an ideal gas is 273K and 1 atm respectively.

1 × V = 3.75 × 0.0821 × 273

V = 84.05L

Therefore, 84.05L is the volume of the ideal oxygen gas.

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When aqueous lead (II) nitrate and aqueous potassium iodide are added to a dish containing water, diffusion occurs before the formation of yellow precipitate.

Diffusion is a process involving the movement of molecules to the region of lower concentration from the region of higher concentration.

When aqueous lead (II) nitrate and aqueous potassium iodide are added to a dish containing water, the compounds would dissociate into ions. Immediately after the dissociation, the ions would start to diffuse through the molecules of water to lower concentration.

After diffusion, the yellow compound lead iodide would form from the reaction between iodide ions in potassium iodide and lead ions from lead nitrate. The yellow compound would later precipitate out of the solution.

The reaction involved between the compound result in potassium nitrate and lead iodide

Lead nitrate (aq) + Potassium iodide (aq) → Lead iodide (yellow precipitate) + Potassium nitrate

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Answer:

Useful

Explanation:

Index fossils are believed to be useful in correlating rock strata from widespread locations.▸ The collection of such fossils from different rock formations and layers enables the geologists to identify the layer of rock they were found in.

▸ They are also useful in dating and the study of geological formations which help scientists to get a clear understanding of the environment and the life forms that dwelt on the planet even hundreds of millions of years ago.

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The rate constant, if the concentration of a decrease from 1.50 m to 0.367 m after 141.4 seconds the numerical value of k = 0.01460.

A rate constant is a number that describes the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the molar concentration of the reactants. We can learn about the variables that affect a reaction's rate by looking at its rate constant. We can determine the dependence of the molar concentration of the reactants on the rate of reaction by knowing the rate constant.

The abundance of a constituent divided by the sum of the mixture's volumes is the definition of concentration in chemistry. There are several different categories of mathematical description: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. notably the state of concentration turning the focus on a single thing My focus is being disturbed by all that noise.

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The process of gasification that occurs without the chemical decomposition of the molecules is pyrolysis.

Pyrolysis is the process of heating substances especially organic materials in absence of oxygen as oxygen is not involved combustion does not occur rather a biomass thermally decomposes into combustible gases and other products.

when condensed fuel such as a candle or pool of gasoline burns the heat produced makes them convert into smaller fragments in absence of air through the application of heat.

The heat produced is responsible for gasification and responsible for thermal combustion without the usage of oxygen making them remain than combustion over oxygen which ensures complete decomposition.

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A molecular of this compound contains 6 hydrogen atoms. An atom is a component of an element. Each atom in a specific element has only one type of atom. Electrons, protons, and neutrons

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A negatively charged core nucleus and one or more orbiting electrons make up an atom. There may be the positively charged, somewhat massive protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus. Atoms are the basic building blocks of stuff.

In a neutral atom, there are exactly as many electrons as protons. The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom's nucleus is equal to the mass number (M) of the atom. The difference between the atomic number and the mass number of the atom (M) is equal to the amount of neutrons (Z).

Absorption is the process by which an atom transitions from its ground state to an excited state by absorbing energy from its environment. After absorbing the energy, the electron advances to a higher energy state. Up the opposite process, called emission, the electron releases the excess energy it had taken in and goes back to its ground state.

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Considering the chemical formula, 3.045 moles of nitrogen N are in 67.0 g of nitrous oxide, N₂O.

Chemical formulas use letters and numbers to represent chemical species. The letters are called chemical symbols and represent the elements present in the chemical species.

The numbers located to the right of each chemical symbol is a subscript that indicates the number of moles of the element present in that compound. If no subscript appears after a chemical symbol, this implies that there is only one atom of that element.

The molar mass of N₂O is 44 g/mole. If the molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole, this means that 1 mole of N₂O contains 44 grams of the compound.

On the other hand, 1 mole (or 44 grams, according to the definition of molar mass) of N₂O contain 2 moles of N. So, you can apply the following rule of three: if 44 grams of the compound contains 2 moles of N, 67 grams of the compound contains how many moles of N?

amount of moles of N= (67 grams× 2 moles of N)÷ 44 grams

amount of moles of N= 3.045 moles

Finally, there is 3.045 moles of N.

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Adenosine triphosphate is directly required for the regeneration steps.

What is Adenosine Triphosphate?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. The structure of ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups.

What is Calvin cycle?

The Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions, bio synthetic phase, dark reactions, or photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle of photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen-carrier compounds into glucose.

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Prior to the industrial revolution, the previous highest level of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere over the prior 400,000 years was 300 ppm.

Before the Industrial revolution, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere was lesser as there was not much carbon dioxide waste that was produced. The highest level of carbon dioxide recorded in the air was 300 ppm at that time.

After the industrial revolution, the concentration of carbon dioxide increased. We can see the carbon dioxide concentrations to reach as high as 1.5 trillion tons today. This is because the formation of industries has been increasing since then which produces a lot of waste carbon dioxide.

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The density of an object is 3.52g/cc

What is density ?

The density of a substance indicates how dense it is in a given area. Mass per unit volume is the definition of a material's density. In essence, density is a measurement of how closely stuff is packed. It is a particular physical characteristic of a specific thing. The Greek scientist Archimedes made the discovery of the density principle. If you are familiar with the formula and the relevant units, calculating density is simple. Density is represented by the symbol, alternatively it can be written as the letter D.

d = M/V

d = density

M = mass

V = volume

d = 26.4/7.5 = 3.52g/cc

The density of an object is 3.52g/cc

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Answer:

yes, they are ph sensitive

Explanation:

Plants and animals are known to show growth sensitive to pH. pH is known as the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. For example, plants are known to be growth sensitive to the pH of the soil. Plants need an optimum pH of soil for their growth, hence, showing growth dependence on soil pH.