Number of particles in 4.56*10^3 g Si equals 9.78 × 10²⁵ Si atoms.
The smallest unit in which a substance naturally exists is called a representative particle. The atom is the representative particle for most elements. Iron, carbon, and helium are made up of individual iron, carbon, and helium atoms.
Given,
Mass of Si = 4.56 × 10³ g
Molar mass of Si = 28.085 g/mol
number of moles = mass × 1 mol / grams
⇒ 4.56 × 10³g Si × 1 moles / 28.085 g Si
⇒ 162.4 mol Si
Moles of Si = 162.4 mol
Number of representative particles = number of moles x [6.02 × 10²³] / 1 mol
⇒[ 162.4 mol Si x 6.02 × 10²³ Si] / 1 mol Si
= 9.78 × 10²⁵ Si atoms
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a. graphite, a form of elemental carbon,can be turned into diamond ,and other form of carbon, at very high temperatures and pressures. type of property
This is an example of a phase transition, which is a change in the physical state of a substance, such as a solid, liquid, or gas, due to changes in temperature and/or pressure.
In this case, the phase transition is from graphite, a form of carbon in a solid state, to diamond, another form of carbon in a solid state, under high temperatures and pressures.
Graphite and diamond are both forms of carbon, but they have different crystal structures, which gives them distinct properties. Graphite is a soft, slippery solid that is used as a lubricant and in pencils because of its ability to leave a dark mark on the paper. Diamond, on the other hand, is the hardest natural substance known and is used in cutting tools and jewelry.
The change from graphite to diamond is a phase transition, which occurs when the temperature and pressure of a substance are increased beyond certain limits. The exact conditions required to transform graphite into diamond vary depending on the specific method used but typically involve temperatures of around 900-1300 degrees Celsius and pressures of around 50,000 atmospheres. This process is called as high-pressure high temperature (HPHT) method. The process of graphite to diamond is known as metamorphism.
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An experiment requires 43.7 g of isopropyl alcohol. Instead of measuring out the sample on a balance, a chemist dispenses the liquid into a graduated cylinder. The density of isopropyl alcohol is 0.785 g/mL. What volume, in milliliters, of isopropyl alcohol should be dispensed?
The density of isopropyl alcohol is 0.785 g/mL. 22volume, in milliliters, of isopropyl alcohol should be dispensed.
What is density ?
Mass per unit volume of a solid substance; density. Density is defined as d = M/V, where M stands for mass, and V for volume. The unit of density that is most frequently used is grams per cubic centimeter.
What is isopropyl alcohol?
Common names for isopropyl alcohol include "isopropanol," "n-propanol," and "dimethylcarbinol." It is a colorless, flammable liquid with the chemical formula C3H8O.
Therefore, density of isopropyl alcohol is 0.785 g/mL. 22volume, in milliliters, of isopropyl alcohol should be dispensed.
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after a long period of time what does the carbon in the sediment become
Answer:
When animals die, they decompose and when they decompose their remains become seditment thus trapping the stored carbon. This sediment sometimes forms fossil fuels like coal and oil which in turn release carbon back into the atmosphere when the fossil fuels are burned.
What is the type of pollutant in waterways which can be toxic at high levels and is
present in the river mentioned in question 1?
Olead
OE. coli
Oammonial
Onitrates
The type of pollutant in waterways which can be toxic at high levels is nitrates.
What is pollutant?Pollutant is a substance that is introduced into the environment and has negative effects on living organisms and the environment. It can be either natural or man-made and can include air pollutants such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, as well as water pollutants such as nutrients, heavy metals, and toxic chemicals.
Nitrates are nitrogen-containing compounds and are often found in fertilizers, wastewater and agricultural runoff. Nitrates can lead to oxygen depletion in water and can be harmful to aquatic life and humans if consumed in high amounts. The River Avon in Warwickshire is known to have high levels of nitrates due to agricultural runoff.
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two substances have the same melting point. how can you determine if they are the same without using any form of spectroscopy
You can determine if two substances have the same melting point by comparing their physical properties, such as density and solubility.
You can determine if two substances have the same melting point without using any form of spectroscopy by comparing their physical properties, such as density, solubility, and boiling point. Additionally, you can use a microscope to compare the two substances under high magnification. If the two substances have the same physical properties, they will likely have the same melting point. If they differ, it could indicate that the melting points are not the same. By comparing the two substances to one another, you can determine if they have the same melting point without the need for any kind of spectroscopy.
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If the substances have the same melting point we can determine if they are the same with the determination of shift in the melting point without using any form of spectroscopy.
Melting point of a substance can be defined as the temperature at which a substance changes its state from solid to liquid. The melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point is said to be the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. The study of Spectroscopy is the field that measures and interprets the electromagnetic spectra that result from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation. It is the study of the absorption and emission of light and other radiation by matter. Spectroscopy involves the splitting of light into its constituent wavelengths which is done in the same way as a prism splits light into a rainbow of colors.
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you decide to test your pillbugs' preference for an acidic environment versus a nonacidic environment. on one side of the chamber you place filter paper moistened with water. what is appropriate to place on the other side to test this variable?
you decide to test your pillbugs' preference for an acidic environment versus a nonacidic environment. on one side of the chamber you place filter paper moistened with water. Dry filter paper is appropriate to place on the other side to test this variable.
ABOUT PILLBUGSArmadillidiidae (Pillbugs) is a family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda. Unlike members of some other woodlice families, members of this family can roll into a ball, an ability they share with the outwardly similar but unrelated pill millipedes and other animals. This ability gives woodlice in this family their common names of pill bugs or roly polies.Other common names include slaters, potato bugs, and doodle bugs. Most species are native to the Mediterranean Basin, while a few species have wider European distributions. The best-known species, Armadillidium vulgare, was introduced to New England in the early 19th century and has become widespread throughout North America.
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What is made of a single, long molecule of DNA?
Responses
protein
chromosome
allele
nucleus
Answer:
chromosome
Explanation:
Answer: Chromosome
Explanation: A chromosome is made up of a single, massively long DNA molecule containing a linear array of many genes.
an empty graduated cylinder weighs 55.5 g. when filled with 71.5 ml of an unknown liquid, it weighs 135.0 g. what is the density of the unknown liquid in g/ml?
An empty graduated cylinder is weighs 55.5 g. when filled with the 71.5 ml of unknown liquid, it weighs 135.0 g. The density of the unknown liquid in g/ml is 29.5 g/L.
The given data :
The mass of empty graduated cylinder = 55.5 g
The volume of the unknown liquid = 50 mL
The mass after the liquid is filled = 135 g
The mass of the liquid = total mass - mass of cylinder
= 135 - 55.5
= 79.5 g
The density is given as :
Density = mass / volume
= 79.5 / 50
= 29.5 g/ml
Thus, the density is 29.5 g/L.
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select all that apply. which of the following processes are spontaneous? (a) earth moves around the sun. (b) a boulder rolls up a hill. (c) sodium metal and chlorine gas form solid sodium chloride.
A spontaneous process is a kind of process which occurs without any external input to the system. Earth moves around the sun and formation of solid sodium chloride from sodium metal and chlorine gas.
What do you understand by spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes?A spontaneous process is a process which is in one direction under a certain set of conditions and a nonspontaneous process is in the reverse direction. For instance, At room temperature and atmospheric pressure ice will melt spontaneously, but water will not freeze spontaneously.
Is boiling a spontaneous process?Boiling always occur spontaneously at all the given temperatures.
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45 points. I need help with chemistry. Will make the best answer the brainliest.
The entropy change of the given reactions can be determined from the entropies of each individual gases. The entropy change of the first reaction is - 389.74 J.
What is entropy?Entropy of a system is the measure of the total randomness of system. As the number of moles increases, the entropy increases.
The entropy change of a reaction is given as follows:
ΔSrxn = ∑s (products) - ∑s (reactants)
For the given reactions, the entropy of each reactants and products are given and use their number of moles to calculate the reaction entropies as follows:
For reaction 1:
(2 ×192.5 J) - [(3×130.58) + (2× 191.5 J)] = - 389.74 J/K
Reaction 2:
(2 ×188.83 J + 213.6 J) - 186.3 J + (2× 205 J)] = - 5.04 J/K
Reaction 3:
(2 ×220 J) - 205 + (2× 191.5 J)] = - 148 J/K
Therefore, the entropy change of the given reactions can be determined in this way. For all these reactions, the entropy is decreasing.
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What do you need to know to convert among the count,mass,and volume of something?
To convert between a substance's count, mass, and volume, you must understand the following information: The substance's molar mass is expressed as the weight of one mole.
which is often expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). You may translate between the quantity of moles and the substance's mass by knowing the molar mass of a substance. The substance's density: The unit of measurement for density is grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3), which represents the mass of a material per unit of volume. You can convert between a material's mass and volume by knowing the density of the substance. The compound's molar volume is: The volume of a molar is one.Typically, a chemical is measured in liters per mole (L/mol) units. You may convert between the quantity of moles and the substance's volume by knowing the molar volume of a substance.The number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a material is known as the Avogadro number.
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The gases in a hair spray can are at a temperature of 27 degrees C and a pressure of 206. 843 kPa. If the gases in the can reach a pressure of 620. 528 kPa, the can will explode. To what temperature must the gases be raised in order for the can to explode?
a. 273 0C.
b. 450 0C.
c. 630 0C.
d. 360 0C
630°C of temperature must be attained by the gases.
Gay-law Lussac's which was found in 1808 and published in 1809, is the term used to describe Joseph-Louis Gay-law Lussac's of combining volumes of gases. It can also describe the relationship between a gas's volume and absolute temperature under constant pressure. Simple whole numbers can be used to indicate the volume ratio of the reactant gases to the gaseous products.
This is an illustration of Gay-Law Lussac's since the volume is constant but the pressure and temperature are changing:
[tex]P1/T1=P2/T2[/tex]
The formula above may be rearranged to yield
T2=T1*P2/P1
Your data include:
P1=206. 843 kPa
T1=(27+273.15)K=300.15K
P2= 620. 528 kPa
T2=?
T 2 = 300.15 K* 620. 528 kPa/ 206. 843 kPa= 900.45K = 627.3 °C
Near to 627.3 °C the temerature is 630 °C
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thermodynamic parameters are usually calculated for compounds under conditions, since values tend to vary somewhat with conditions. to be in this state, a gas must have a pressure of 1 , and a solution must have a concentration of 1 . need help? review these concept resources.
The fill in the blanks for the thermodynamic parameters is given as follows :
a) Standard
b) atm
c) M
a) Thermodynamic parameters are the usually calculated for the compounds under the standard conditions.
b) Since the are values tend to vary somewhat with the conditions. To be in this state. A gas must have the pressure of 1 atm.
c) And a solution must have the concentration of the 1 M.
Some of the thermodynamic parameters are as follows :
The enthalpyThe gibbs energyThe TemperatureThe entropyThe PressureThe Adsorption.The Mols.To learn more about thermodynamic here
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Table 2. 3. The density of liquids Liquid Volume, mL Mass, g Density, g/mL Water 50 77 - 27 = 50 Saturated Salt Solution 50 83 - 27 = 56 6. Calculate the densities of the liquids in Table 2. 3. The accepted density of water is 1 g; cm. How do your results compare? Remember that 1 cm = 1 mL.
According to the table the density of water is 1g/cm^3 and the density of saturated solution is 1.12g/cm^3.
The ratio of an object or substance's volume (the amount of space it occupies) to the amount of matter it contains is known as its density (its mass). Density Formula: ρ = m/V, where ρ is the density, m is the object's mass, and V is its volume.
Given the volume of water = 50ml
The mass of water = 50g
Then density of water = mass of water/volume of water = 50/50 = 1g/ml = 1g/cm^3
The mass of Saturated Salt Solution = 56g
The volume of Saturated Salt Solution = 50ml
The density of Saturated Salt Solution = 56/50 = 1.12g/ml = 1.12g/cm^3
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complete question: Calculate the densities of the liquids in Table 2.3. The accepted density of water is 1 g/cm3. How do your results compare? Remember that 1 cm3 = 1 mL
your friend is studying a specific exergonic reaction. your friend hypothesizes that the addition of enzyme x will reduce the delta-g of this reaction, thus allowing it to proceed spontaneously. what do you think of your friend's hypothesis?
Your friend is studying a specific exergonic reaction. Your friend hypothesizes that the addition of enzyme X will reduce the delta-G of this reaction, thus allowing it to proceed spontaneously.
Enzymes do not change delta-G, so this hypothesis does not fit with what is known about this reaction.
ABOUT EXERGONIC REACTIONAccording to the second law of thermodynamics any reaction that occurs at constant temperature without input of electrical energy or photons is exergonic. An example is cellular respiration. An exergonic reaction is a chemical reaction in which the change in free energy is negative (there is a net loss of free energy). It shows a spontaneous reaction if the system is closed and the initial and final temperatures are the same. For processes that take place in a closed system at constant pressure and temperature, the Gibbs free energy is used, while the Helmholtz energy is relevant for processes that take place at constant temperature and volume.
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Your friend is studying a specific exergonic reaction. your friend hypothesizes that the addition of enzyme x will reduce the delta-g of this reaction, thus allowing it to proceed spontaneously. The hypothesis does not fit with what is known about this reaction because Enzymes do not change delta-G.
Exergonic reaction1) An exergonic reaction is a reaction that produces free energy. Because it releases energy rather than consuming it, this kind of reaction can occur naturally, unhindered by outside factors.
2) Chemical processes known as exergonic reactions have a negative change in free energy. The free energy of a system is used to calculate its overall quantity of available energy; negative changes signify energy release, whilst positive changes signify energy storage.
Only the activation energy is altered by enzyme.
This concept does not make sense given what is known about the reaction because enzymes do not alter delta G.
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1.
How many moles of Beryllium are in 4. 01 x 10 12 grams of Beryllium?
4.01 x 1012 grammes of beryllium contain 4.45 x 1011 moles of beryllium. The chemical element beryllium has the atomic number 4 and the letter Be assigned to it. Alkaline earth metal is brittle, steel-gray, strong, and light.
The formula: can be used to determine how many moles of a material there are.
Molar mass divided by mass equals a mole.
Beryllium has a molar mass of 9.012 g/mol.
Therefore, we can perform the following calculation to determine how many moles of beryllium there are in 4.01 x 1012 grammes of beryllium:
4.01 x 10-12 grammes are equal to 9.012 grammes per mole.
4.45 x 1011 moles are one mole.
Therefore, 4.01 x 1012 grammes of eryllium contain 4.45 x 1011 moles of eryllium.
Note that both numbers must have the same exponent when writing in scientific notation, and that you must use a calculator to perform the calculation if you don't want to receive the wrong answer.
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___Ag+ + ___S8 ----> ___Ag2S
Answer:
16Ag +S8 --> 8Ag2S
Explanation:
You know that you are starting out with 8 sulfer's on the reactant side, so there must be an equal amount on the product side. So, to get 8 sulfer's on the product side we multiply the entire (Ag2S) by 8 to get 8Ag2S. Now on the reactant and product side we have an equal amount of sulfer. However, the product side has 16 silvers. To balance this out, on the reactant side we multiply the number of Ag by 16 to get 16 Ag ont he reactant and product sides. Now the reactant and product sides have the same number of each element :)
you react 100 g of methane with an excess of o2 in a combustion reaction. how many water is made from this reaction?
Answer:
7.52x10^24 molecules of H2O.
Explanation:
1) We need to start with a balanced equation for this reaction, combustion of methane:
CH4 + 2O2 →CO2 + 2H2O
This tells us that 1 mole of methane will produce 2 moles of water. (2 moles H2O)/(1 mole CH4)
2) Find the moles of methane in 100g of the molecule. The molar mass of methane is 16.0 g/mole.
Moles CH4 = (100g/16.0 g/mole) = 6.25 moles CH4
3) Multiply 6.25 moles CH4 by the molar ratio from (1):
(6.25 moles CH4)( (2 moles H2O)/(1 mole CH4) = 12.50 moles H2O [the moles CH4 cancel]
4) Multiply the moles H2O by Avogadro's number: 6.02x10^23 molecules/mole
(12.50 moles H2O)*(6.02x10^23 molecules/mole) = 7.52x10^24 molecules of H2O.
For the reaction
3A(g)+3B(g)⇌C(g)
Kc=32. 6 at a temp of 359°C
What is Kp?
Kp is the equilibrium constant for a reaction in terms of partial pressures. And Kp = 32.6 (8.314 J/mol·K)^(-4) (359+273)K.
While Kc is the equilibrium constant for a reaction in terms of concentrations. To convert between Kp and Kc, the ideal gas law must be used. The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Given the reaction,
3A(g)+3B(g)⇌C(g)
We can convert Kc to Kp by using the following relationship:
Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn)
where Δn is the change in the number of moles of gas between products and reactants.
In this case, Δn = 1 - (3+3) = -4,
Kp = 32.6 (8.314 J/mol·K)^(-4) (359+273)K
Kp value can be calculated by inserting the given values in above equation. It is important to note that the units of R and T must be consistent with the units used for Kc. In summary, to find Kp, we need to know Kc, the change in the number of moles of gas between products and reactants and the temperature in Kelvin.
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3. If you had 152.5 g of CO and 24.5 g of H₂ gas, how many grams of CH₂OH could be produced?
CO+ _
CH₂OH
H₂ →→
H2
→
Find the number of moles in each reactant in the formula CO + 2 H2 CH3OH.
How to find the calculation?The reactant that yields the least amount of methanol is known as the limiting reagent. The limiting reagent is CO because it yields less CH3OH than other chemicals.1 mol CO divided by 28.01g CO to equal 152500 g CO results in 5444 mol CO.24500 g H2 x 1 mol H2 / 2.02 g H2 = 12129 mol H2In order to produce one mol of CH3OH, one mol of CO and two mol of H2 are required, according to the 1:2 mol ratio between CO and H2.However, there are only 5444 mol of CO, whereas 6064 mol of CH3OH can be produced by H2.1 mole of CH3OH divided by 5444 moles of CH3OH results in a number.= 174371 g = 174.4 kg.
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Ions can conduct electricity during electrolysis because they are free to move and they are... what?
Ions can conduct electricity during electrolysis because they are free to move and they are charged. Hence, the delocalization of ions and electrons conduct electricity.
What are electrolytes?Electrolytes are molten compounds or solution which can conduct electricity due to the presence of free ions in the solution. Neutral atoms when lose or gain electrons, they acquire a charge and become ions.
The mobility of charged particles causes the electrical current. Thus, ions and electrons in a solution which are free to move are conducting. In solid state, these ions are held by strong intermolecular forces.
Hence, they are not free to move in solid state. But in the molten state, they are free to move and conduct electricity.
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what trend do you notice for reactivity of a metal? explain the reason for this trend in 2-3 sentences.
Metal reactivity increases down groups and declines across periods from left to right.
because metals' reactivity increases as they move along the group. Since they are farther from the nucleus and have greater shielding, which results in a lower nuclear attraction, the outer electrons are simpler to expel.
Ionization Energy, which measures how easily an element may expel its electrons, is one influencing factor. The element's electronegativity is another consideration since it affects how eagerly an element seeks out electrons from other elements.
As you move throughout a period from left to right, responsiveness declines. It is easier for electrons to be given or taken away the further to the left and down the periodic chart you travel, leading to higher reactivity.
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1
Answer the following questions by using the periodic table where necessary.
1. Which element is most reactive?
B. Ca
C. Ne
D. Ar
A. Na
Based on the periodic table, the element that is most reactive is Na.
The correct option is A.
What are reactive elements?Reactivity is a gauge of an element's propensity to create compounds with other elements. While certain elements require energy to react and are inert, others will do so simply and spontaneously. Reactivity is a gauge of an element's propensity to create compounds with other elements.
Reactive elements are the Group 1 and Group 2 metals. Also, the Group 17 and Group 16 non-metals are reactive non-metals.
Group 1 and Group 2 metals form positive ions easily by electron loss. Group 17 and Group 16 non-metals form negative ions by electron gain.
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why are carbon and silicon especially relevant to us
Carbon and silicon are especially relevant to us because they are key building blocks of many important materials and technologies in our daily lives.
Carbon is a versatile element that is found in many different forms, such as graphite, diamond, and carbon fiber, and is used in a wide range of applications. For example, it is used as a lubricant, a fuel, and a structural material in the production of steel. Carbon is also the basis of all life on earth and is an essential component of DNA, proteins, and cell membranes.
Silicon is a semiconductor material that is widely used in the electronics industry. It is the basis of most computer chips and is also used in solar cells, transistors, and other electronic devices. Silicon is also used in the production of glass, ceramics and other materials.
Furthermore, carbon and silicon are the basis of many organic compounds and materials, which are widely used in the chemical industry, from drugs to plastics. They are also widely used in the energy industry in batteries and fuel cells.
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Magnesium
-what is appearance of metal
-what is the observation of reactions
Answer:
A silvery-white metal that ignites easily in air and burns with a bright light.
Oxygen: When exposed to oxygen, magnesium turns into magnesium oxide. Hydrogen: When exposed to hydrogen, magnesium turns into magnesium hydride. Nitrogen: When reacted with nitrogen, magnesium turns into magnesium nitride.
Explanation:
WORD Problem: Consider the reaction between silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen gas which yields a solution of hydrogen chloride (aka hydrochloric acid) and a precipitate of silicon.
If 18. 1 g of silicon tetrachloride reacts with 8. 4 L of hydrogen gas (at STP), what mass of silicon will precipitate out?
If 8. 4 L of hydrogen gas and 18. 1 g of silicon tetrachloride react (at STP), the mass of silicon that will precipitate out is 2.98 g.
The reaction between silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) and hydrogen gas (H2) is as follows:
SiCl4 + 2H2 -> Si + 4HCl
The balanced equation can be used to calculate the stoichiometry of the reaction. The ratio of SiCl4 to Si is 1:1, and the ratio of H2 to HCl is 2:4.
From the information given, we know that 18.1 of SiCl4 reacts with 8.4 L of H2 at STP. To determine the number of moles of SiCl4, we can use the molar mass of SiCl4, which is 169.89 g/mol.
18.1 g / 169.89 g/mol = 0.106 mol
Since the stoichiometry ratio between SiCl4 and Si is 1:1, we can assume that 0.106 mol of SiCl4 will produce 0.106 mol of Si.
To find the mass of Si that will precipitate out we need to find the molar mass of Silicon, which is 28.0855 g/mol.
0.106 mol * 28.0855 g/mol = 2.98 g
So the mass of silicon that will precipitate out is 2.98 g.
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what is the best safety practice recommended before leaving the chemistry laboratory? group of answer choices
The best safety practice that is recommended before leaving the chemistry laboratory is that remove the lab coat, the goggles and the gloves and wash the hands properly.
The best safety practice that is recommended before leaving the chemistry laboratory are :
Remove the lab coat before leaving chemistry labRemove the goggles before leaving chemistry labRemove the gloves before leaving chemistry labWash the hands properly before leaving chemistry labThese are the some basic safety practices that is recommended to follow before leaving the chemistry laboratory. Wash the exposed areas. Most of chemicals are toxic , so clean it properly before leaving the lab.
This question is incomplete, the complete question is :
what is the best safety practice recommended before leaving the chemistry laboratory? group of answer choices :
1) remove lab coat
2) remove goggles and the gloves
3) wash the hands properly.
4) none of the above
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What is the mass in grams of 3. 10 x 10^23 molecules of F2? PLEASE SOMEONE HELP ME!!
3. 10 x 1023 molecules of F2 have a mass in grammes of 1.178 x 1025. A body's mass is an inherent quality. Prior to the discovery of the atom and particle physics,
It is possible to get the mass in grammes of 3.10 x 1023 molecules of F2 by applying the following formula:
Number of molecules times molar mass (in g/mol) equals mass (in grammes).
Since F2 has a molar mass of 38.00 g/mol, its mass in grammes is calculated as follows: mass = 3.10 x 1023 x 38.00 = 1.178 x 1025 grammes.
The amount of matter in a particle or object is represented by the dimensionless quantity mass (symbolised m). The kilogramme is the International System's (SI) preferred unit of mass (kg). mass. [ măs ] a measurement of how much matter is present in or makes up a physical body.
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in a sample of hydrogen iodide, what intermolecular forces exist in addition to dispersion forces? group of answer choices hydrogen bonding london dispersion forces polar covalent bonds covalent bonds dipole-dipole forces
In a sample of hydrogen iodide, in addition to dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces also exist.
Intermolecular forces, which act between atoms and various surrounding particles in the form of electromagnetic forces of attraction or repulsion, are one illustration. The three fundamental types of intermolecular interactions are dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, also known as van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonds.
As there is a significant difference in electronegativity between the H and I in hydrogen iodide, dipole-dipole interactions will occur.
Iodine is not sufficiently electronegative and is too big for the molecule HI to establish hydrogen bonds, which prevents the formation of hydrogen bonds.
The electrons are dispersed symmetrically with respect to the nucleus due to the action of London dispersion forces between atoms and molecules that are typically symmetric. To the van der Waals forces they belong.
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3. 3) What mass of ethanol could burn in 100 g of oxygen? C₂H5OH +30₂→2CO₂ + 3H₂O
hot mass of hydrogen is formed when 2.00 g of magnesium Mg + H₂SO4 → MgSO4+H₂ reacts with sulfuric acid?
Answer: 1st. 71.875 g of ethanol could burn in 100 g of oxygen.
2nd. 71.875 g of ethanol could burn in 100 g of oxygen.
Explanation: The balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol (C2H5OH) with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) is:
C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of ethanol that burns, 3 moles of oxygen are required. The molar mass of ethanol is 46 g/mol and the molar mass of oxygen is 32 g/mol.
To find the mass of ethanol that could burn in 100 g of oxygen, we can use the following calculation:
mass of ethanol = (mass of oxygen / molar mass of oxygen) x (molar mass of ethanol / molar mass of oxygen)
mass of ethanol = (100 g / 32 g/mol) x (46 g/mol / 32 g/mol) = 71.875 g
Therefore, 71.875 g of ethanol could burn in 100 g of oxygen.
For the second question, the balanced equation for the reaction of magnesium (Mg) with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and hydrogen (H2) is:
Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of magnesium that reacts, 1 mole of hydrogen is produced. The molar mass of magnesium is 24 g/mol and the molar mass of hydrogen is 2 g/mol.
To find the mass of hydrogen that is formed when 2.00 g of magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid, we can use the following calculation:
mass of hydrogen = (mass of magnesium / molar mass of magnesium) x (molar mass of hydrogen / molar mass of magnesium)
mass of hydrogen = (2.00 g / 24 g/mol) x (2 g/mol / 24 g/mol) = 0.08333 g
Therefore, 0.08333 g of hydrogen is formed when 2.00 g of magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid.