Molecular size: Molecules that are heavier than others move more slowly.
Temperature: The energy in the medium changes depending on whether the temperature is rising or falling, which has an impact on molecular movement.
Density: The harder it is for molecules to travel through a solution, the slower diffusion will be owing to density.
Distance: Diffusion is unable to transport nutrients and waste products efficiently enough to support life if the distance these substances must travel is too great.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the term for the net movement of anything, often from a location of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. A gradient in the chemical potential or Gibbs free energy is what drives diffusion.
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A+0.400+m+acid+solution,+ha(aq),+has+a+percent+ionization+of+7.50%.+what+is+the+value+of+ka,+the+acid+ionization+constant+of+ha(aq)?
The value of Ka is 2.25 × 10⁻³.
What is ionization constant?A dissociation constant is a particular kind of equilibrium constant used in chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology to measure an object's propensity to break down into its component parts, such as when a complex disintegrates into its component molecules or a salt disintegrates into its component ions.
K is a constant that depends on the equilibrium between ions and non-ionized molecules in a solution or liquid. – also known as the dissociation constant.
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compound present in many foods has the formulka c44h86o8np. to which class of molecules does this compound belong?
Lipids the compound present in food with formula C₄₄h₈₆O₈NP
Elaborating :The compound with a formula C₄₄H₈₆O₈NP is understood as phosphatidylethanolamine. it's the second most abudant phospholipid in animal and plant lipid, after phosphotidylcholine. It is present in many foods. Also a main lipid component of microbial membranes. it's found in all living cells and compose of 25% of all phospholipids.
What is the role of lipids in food?
They are important in the diet as energy sources and as sources of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, which tend to accompany fats. They also contribute satiety, flavor, and palatability to the diet.Dietary lipids are primarily oils (liquid) and fats (solid). Commonly consumed oils are canola, corn, olive, peanut, safflower, soy, and sunflower-seed oil . Foods rich in oils include dressing , olives, avocados, spread , nuts, seeds, and a few fish. Fats are found in animal meat, dairy products, and cocoa butter
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examine the following order of elution of compounds containing certain functional groups from fastest to slowest, and indicate which mistake has been made.hydrocarbons, olefins, ethers, amines, ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, aromatics, and carboxylic acids
Elution sequence for chemicals, from the fastest to the slowest is hydrocarbons, olefins, ethers, halocarbons, aromatics, ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, amines and acids.
What is Elution sequence ?
No matter how polar the compounds are, the more polar the solvent, the faster the chemicals elute. Therefore, altering the polarity of the solvent will not alter the order in which the compounds elute off a TLC or column. This may seem counterintuitive because a polar solvent would seem to carry polar compounds farther than nonpolar compounds.
Consider that chemicals and solvents will fight for locations on the stationary phase in order to help you visualize this idea. Slow elution will be caused by molecules remaining attached to the stationary phase due to a less polar solvent's poor ability to compete. Molecules and a polar solvent will successfully contend for locations on the stationary phase.
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PLEASE HELP 30 POINTS
For the element iron
Answer: Answer
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in front of oxygen, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
Answer:
iron:
group 8
4 orbitals
electrons per shell:2,8,14,2
26 electrons
8 valence electrons.
Explanation:
iron is in the 8th group in the periodic table because it is a transition metal and their valence shells have 8 electrons.
It has 4 electron shells because the first one can hold two electrons, the second has 8 and so on.
The total number of electrons is 26, which is equal to number of protons.
Valence electrons are in the outermost shell.
How many nucleoside triphosphate molecules does gluconeogenesis consume to make one glucose? group of answer choices 5 2 1 6 4
Answer:
2
Explanation:i had this same question
How many kingdoms are in the domain Eukarya?
one
four
six
nine
Answer:
Four kingdoms:
The kingdoms in the domain Eukarya are Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Answer: Four Kingdoms! I hope you get this question!
Explanation:
What is the major product formed upon treatment of ( r) 2-bromohexane with sodium cyanide?
In this reaction, hexanitrile will be the major product.
A nitrile is created when a halogenoalkane heated under reflux with a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide in ethanol has its halogen replaced by a -CN group. Heating under reflux is the procedure of heating with a condenser placed vertically in the flask to prevent the mixture's volatile components from escaping throughout the process. The solvent has a key role. In the presence of water, substitution by -OH rather than -CN is more probable.The substitution is an example of nucleophilic. This time, the halogenoalkane is the only species present in the reaction's slow step. It's uses both SN1 and SN2 reaction.CH₃ − CH₃(Br) − CH₃ − CH₃ − CH₃ − CH₃ + NaCN = CH₃ − CH₃(CN) − CH₃ − CH₃ − CH₃ − CH₃
Thus, the major product of reaction of 2-bromohexane with sodium cyanide is hexanitrile.
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how is larithmics important to science
Answer:
Probably the most common use is the first-order decay law, which describes everything from radioactive decay to the metabolism of drugs.
Much of the power of logarithms is their usefulness in solving exponential equations. Some examples of this include sound (decibel measures), earthquakes (Richter scale), the brightness of stars, and chemistry (pH balance, a measure of acidity and alkalinity)
Explanation:
How is it possible to eat acidic things without changing your blood pH? Select all that apply
It is possible to eat acidic things without changing your blood pH because the body contain buffers which help to neutralize acids; option A.
What are buffers?Buffers are solutions which resist changes in their pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it.
Buffers are prepared from a mixture of a weak acid and its salt or a weak base and it salt.
Buffers act by neutralizing acids or bases to form water.
In the body, there are natural buffers which help to keep the pH of the blood fairly constant.
The buffers found in the body include:
plasma proteins buffer system.hemoglobin buffer system.phosphate buffer, bicarbonate buffer system, andcarbonic acid buffer system.When acidic substance are taken into the body, the buffer system of the body acts to neutralize the acid to form water. Similarly, when basic food substances are taken into the body, the buffer systems in the body neutralize the bases to from water.
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In the correct order, what are the three general steps in the mechanism of a claisen reaction?
Enolate synthesis, nucleophilic addition, and elimination are the three basic steps in the mechanism of a Claisen reaction.
What is Nucleophilic addition reaction?
A chemical molecule having an electrophilic double or triple bond combines with a nucleophile in a nucleophilic addition reaction, breaking the double or triple bond.
A nucleophile attacking the electrophile's location in the reactant molecule and displacing it to generate a product is known as nucleophilic substitution. An electrophile, which is an electron-deficient species that accepts electrons, is present in an electrophilic addition reaction.
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What is the net ionic equation for
the reaction below?
MnS(s) + H₂SO4 (aq) → MnSO4 (aq) + H₂S(g)
The net ionic equation is: 2H⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → H₂S(g)
What is a net ionic equation?A net ionic equation is an ionic equation which does not indicate the ions which remains in the solution as ions at the end of the reaction but only the ions which form the products are shown in a net ionic equation.
The ions that remain in solution are known as spectator ions.
The ionic equation of the given reaction is given below:
Mn²⁺S²⁻(aq) + 2H⁺SO₄²⁻ (aq) → Mn²⁺SO₄²⁻ (aq) + H₂S(g)
The net ionic equation is: 2H⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → H₂S(g)
In conclusion, a net ionic equation only shows ions that form products.
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Oxygen (o2) gas within a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes and expansion from a valume v1 = 0.01 m3 to a volume v2=0.03m3. the reltionship between pressure and volume during the process is p=
The initial and final pressures are 9 bar and 5 bar and work transfer is 12.5916 kJ.
To find initial and final pressure, we will keep the value of initial and final volume in the given formula.
For the case of initial pressure -
p = AV⁻¹+B
p = (0.06÷0.01)+3
p = 6+3
p = 9 bar
For the case of final pressure -
p = (0.06÷0.03)+3
p = 2+3
p = 5 bar
Now, calculating the work transfer -
The formula to be used here is -
[tex]W = \int\limits^1_2 {p} \, dV[/tex]
Keep the values in formula to find the value of work transfer -
W = [tex]\int\limits^2_1 {(\frac{0.06}{V} +3)} \, dV[/tex]
W = 0.06 (ln 0.03÷0.01)+3(0.03-0.01)
On solving the integration we get -
W = 12.5916 kJ
Hence, the initial and final pressures are 9 bar and 5 bar and work transfer is 12.5916 kJ.
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The complete question is -
Oxygen (O₂) gas within a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes an expansion from a volume V₁ = 0.01 m³ to a volume V₂ = 0.03 m³. The relationship between pressure and volume during the process is p = AV⁻¹+B, where A = 0.06 bar-m³ and B = 3.0 bar. For the O₂, determine the following:
(a) the initial and final pressures, each in bar
(b) the work, in kJ
How do you know when a electron transition will result in the emission of light
The energy of the photon is the exact energy that is lost by the electron moving to its lower energy level. When the electron changes from n=3 or above to n=2, the photons emitted fall in the Visible Light region of the spectra. We call these lines Balmer's Series.
The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682 amu. the fractional abundance of the lighter of the two isotopes is ________.
The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682 amu. The fractional abundance of the lighter of the two isotopes is 0.5185.
The metal has always been in perfect plenty. Both heavier and lighter particles have a combined abundance of 1.
Assume that a is the heavier particle's abundance.
The lighter particle will have an abundance of = 1-a.
Calculations for the element's atomic mass with isotopes go like this:
Average atomic mass equals the sum of the abundance of isotope 1 and isotope 2 masses.
107.8682 amu is the specified average atomic mass.
Lighter isotope 1 has a mass of 106.90509 amu.
The heavier isotope has a mass of 108.9047 amu.
putting the values :
107.8682 = 106.90509 (1 - a) + 108.9047a
107.8682 = 106.90509 - 106.90509a + 108.9047a
107.8682 - 106.90509 = 1.99961a
0.96311 = 1.99961a
a = 0.48
Thus, 0.48 is the heavier particle abundance.
Lighter particle abundance = 1 - a
The density of lighter particles is equal to 1 - 0.48.
Lighter particle abundance = 0.518
The lighter particle has a percent abundance of 51.8%.
The lighter of the two isotopes has a fractional abundance of 0.5185.
Question:
Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following isotopic masses: 10747Ag 10947Ag 106.90509 108.9047 The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682 amu. The fractional abundance of the lighter of the two isotopes is ________. Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following isotopic masses: Ag Ag 106.90509 108.9047 The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682 amu. The fractional abundance of the lighter of the two isotopes is ________. 0.24221 0.48168 0.75783 0.90474 0.51835
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58
The absolute temperature of a gas is increased four times while maintaining a constant volume. What happens to the
pressure of the gas?
O It decreases by a factor of four.
O It increases by a factor of four.
O It decreases by a factor of eight.
O It increases by a factor of eight.
Mark this and return
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The pressure of gas will increase by a factor of 4.
When absolute temperature of a gas is increased 4 times while maintaining constant volume, The pressure of the gas is increased by a factor of 4.
This can be explained by Gay-Lussac Law, which states that at any constant volume, the pressure of the gas will be directly proportional to the temperature for a given gas.
PV=nRT ,
Gay-Lussac law explains the relationship between temperature and pressure at constant volume.
P ∝ T => P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
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Identify the expected major product from the treatment of 1-pentyne with 2 equivalents of hbr. 1-bromo-1-pentene 2-bromo-1-pentene 1,1-dibromo pentane 2,2-dibromopentane 1,2-dibromopentane
When we treated 1-pentyne with 2 equivalent of HBr, the formation of 2-Bromo-1-pentene takes place. This reaction follows Markonikov's rule, which states that incoming nucleophile is added to the carbon atom, which has less hydrogen.
What is hydrogen called?Protium is the name of the common hydrogen isotope (H), while Deuterium (a proton and a neutron) and Tritium are the other two isotopes (a protron and two neutrons). Only the isotopes of hydrogen have been given distinct names. Nuclear fusion reactors use both deuterium and tritium as fuel.The simplest chemical element is hydrogen (H), a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and combustible gaseous substance.Hydrogen-containing inorganic substances with biological significance include water (H2O) and hydrochloric acid (HCl, which is produced by the stomach). Fundamentally speaking, organic compounds are described as substances with carbon atoms and Carbon-Carbon (C-C) and Carbon-Hydrogen (C-H) bonds.Pure water that has additional hydrogen molecules added to it is called hydrogen water. The most abundant molecule known to man is hydrogen (H2). It is a gas that has no flavor, odor, or color. In any case, a Japanese research team discovered in 2007 that hydrogen gas ingested could act as a cancer preventative (antioxidant).When we treated 1-pentyne with 2 equivalent of HBr, the formation of 2-Bromo-1-pentene takes place. This reaction follows Markonikov's rule, which states that incoming nucleophile is added to the carbon atom, which has less hydrogen.
1-bromo-1-pentene.
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you have been observing an insect that defends itself from enemies by secreting a caustic liquid. analysis of the liquid shows it to have a total concentration of formate plus formic acid (Ka
pH of the buffer solution is 1.76.
Chemical dissociation of formic acid in the water:
HCOOH(aq) ⇄ HCOO⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq)
The solution of formic acid and formate ions is a buffer.
[HCOO⁻] = 0.015 M; equilibrium concentration of formate ions
[HCOOH] + [HCOO⁻] = 1.45 M; sum of concentration of formic acid and formate
[HCOOH] = 1.45 M - 0.015 M
[HCOOH] = 1.435 M; equilibrium concentration of formic acid
pKa = -logKa
pKa = -log 1.8×10⁻⁴ M
pKa = 3.74
Henderson–Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log(cs/ck)
pH = 3.74 + log (0.015 M/1.435 M)
pH = 3.74 - 1.98
pH = 1.76
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Change the following values to ordinary numbers. a 5.5×10−6 b 2.9×102 c 1.115×104 d 1.412×10−3 e 7.2×101
The following value to the ordinary numbers:
a - 5.5 × 10⁻⁶ = 0.0000055
b - 2.9 ×10² = 2900
c - 1.115 × 10⁴ = 11150
d - 1.412 × 10⁻³ = 0.001412
e - 7.2 × 10¹ = 72
How do you convert to ordinary numbers?To convert standard form numbers to regular form: Give a regular number a power of 10. It is necessary to multiply the decimal number by this power of 10. You should type your number like a regular number.
What are decimals number?A decimal is one of the number types in mathematics that has a fractional component and a complete integer split by a decimal point. The point that appears between the components of a whole integer and a fraction is known as the decimal point. 34.5 is an example of a decimal number.
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select the option that places remaining contributors in the correct order, from highest to lowest according to the percentages of greenhouse gases they emit.
From highest to lowest according to the percentages of greenhouse gases they emit.
Residential and commercial buildings, transportation, agriculture, forestryTransportation, forestry, residential and commercial buildings, agricultureForestry, agriculture, transportation, residential and commercial buildingsAgriculture, transportation, forestry, residential and commercial buildingsWhat are greenhouse gases?
The main greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapour (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ozone. A greenhouse gas (GHG or GhG) is a gas that absorbs and emits radiant energy in the thermal infrared range (O3). Without greenhouse gases, the average surface temperature of the Earth would be closer to 18 °C (0 °F) than it is today, which is 15 °C (59 °F). Additionally, greenhouse gases are found in the atmospheres of Venus, Mars, and Titan.
Thus the correct order goes as:
Forestry, agriculture, transportation, residential and commercial buildings
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I need help with this too
The mixture of isotope to produce this average mass is is is 50% Cl-35 and 50% CI-37.
Chlorine has two stable isotopes chlorine 35, and chlorine37, with chlorine 35 accounting for about three of the four naturally occurring chlorine atoms. Chlorine 36, also known in nature, is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of about 30,000 years.
Chlorine has two stable isotopes. Cl-35 and Cl-37 with atomic weights of 34.96 and 36.95 respectively. Chlorine has an atomic weight of 35.5 instead of 35 because it has what is called an isotope.
The main difference between chlorine 35 and 37 is that chlorine 35 has 18 neutrons per nucleus while chlorine 37 has 20 neutrons per nucleus. To calculate the proportion of each isotope in a sample of an element, chemists typically divide the number of atoms of a particular isotope by the total number of atoms of all isotopes of that element and multiply the result by 100.
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a solution of toluene (c₇h₈) in 301 g of cyclohexane (c₆h₁₂) has a boiling point of 90.30 °c. what quantity in moles of toluene are in the solution? (for cyclohexane kb
There are 0.96 moles of toluene are in the solution of toluene (C₇H₈) in 301 g of cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂) having a boiling point of 90.30°C.
Given data -
Boiling point of cyclohexane = 90.30°C
Mass of cyclohexane = 301 g
Kb of cyclohexane = 2.92°C/m
Tb of cyclohexane = 80.90°C
Using the equation,
m = ∆Tb
Kb
where,
m is molality of the solution,
∆Tb is the change in boiling point of cyclohexane -
90.30 ° C - 80.90 °C = 9.40 °C
Kb is the boiling point elevation constant of cyclohexane, 2.92 °C/m
Molality (m) = 9.40 = 3.22 mol/kg
2.92
Number of moles of toluene = molality x mass of cyclohexane (in kg)
= 3.22 x 301
1000
Number of moles of toluene = 0.96 mol
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Enter the molecular equation representing aqueous nitric acid and aqueous ammonia reacting.
The molecular equation representing aqueous nitric acid and aqueous ammonia reacting is :
NH₃(aq) + HNO₃(aq) → NH₄⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq)
NH₃(aq) + HNO₃(aq) → NH₄NO₃(aq)
An acid-base reaction is not the exchange of a hydrogen atom H. It is the exchange of a hydrogen ion (or proton) H⁺.
This reaction combines two ions produced into a single compound. In aqueous solution, the products should be NH⁴⁺ and NO³⁻, since ammonium nitrate is freely soluble in water. Thus, this reaction would be reasonable if reaction does not occur in aqueous solution.
So, the net ionic equation is,
NH₃(aq) + HNO₃(aq) → NH₄⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq)
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Convert 520 inches to cm using the conversion factor that 1 inch = 2.54 cm.
1320 c
O 45.59 cm
O 0.005 cm
O205 inches
Answer:
Explanation:
520:2.54=204.7 round to 205 the answer=205 cm=520 inches
A sample of small, soluble organic molecules was analyzed and found to contain the elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen. it is most likely that the molecules were?
The sample most likely to be a protein .
Amino acids, which are smaller building blocks of proteins, are linked together in lengthy chains to form proteins. To create a protein, 20 distinct kinds of amino acids can be mixed. Each protein's precise function and distinctive 3-dimensional structure are determined by the order of the amino acids.
Combinations of three DNA building units (nucleotides), which are dictated by the order of genes, are used to code for amino acids.
The main functions of the proteins are determined below:-
proteins are responsible for a Biochemical reaction to happen.Some proteins are hormones ,which acts as messengers in our body.have main role in building immuno system, helps to form immuniglubolins or antibodies.Transports and store nutrients.helps in overall growth and development of the body.To learn more about protein, refer this link
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What is the iupac name of the following compound?
a. (s)-2-bromo-2-vinylpentane
b. (r)-2-bromo-2-vinylpentane
c. (r)-3-bromo-3-methyl-1-hexene
d. (s)-3-bromo-3-propyl-1-butene
The IUPAC name of the compound is (r)-3-bromo-3-methyl-1-hexene.
Determine the chain's parent. In this instance, the 6-carbon chain begins at the alkene and extends to the right after looping through the chiral center. Hex-1-ene is the result of the prefix "6" and the alkene, which starts at position "1".Substituents. Since they are both at the 3-position in this instance, they will be sorted alphabetically: 3-bromo-3-methylChiral Center at position 3. According to IUPAC guidelines, the bromine atom is represented by the number 1, the carbon atom double-bonded to the following carbon atom by the number 2, the carbon atom single-bound to the following carbon atom by the number 3, and the methyl group by the number 4. Imagine a tetrahedron in your thoughts and turn it such that the numbers 1-3 are facing you as you look at the molecule.When put together we get: (3R)-3-bromo-3-methylhex-1-ene.Or (r)-3-bromo-3-methyl-1-hexene.
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these are two of the most energy-demanding operations in the malthouse and brewery. group of answer choices packaging fermentation cooling wort boiling malt kilning
boiling malt kinling are two of the most energy-demanding operations in the malthouse and brewery.
What is malthouse and brewery?
A facility where cereal grain is turned into malt by soaking it in water, allowing it to sprout, and then drying it to inhibit further growth is known as a malt house, malt barn, or maltings. The malt is utilised in the production of beer, whisky, and some meals. During the 20th century, traditional malt houses were mainly replaced by more automated production. A music hall has been made of many former malt houses, including Snape Maltings in England.
Approximately 60% of the primary energy consumed by the malt beverage sector is made up of natural gas and coal (Energy Information Administration (EIA), 1997; National Petroleum Council (NPC), 2003). These fuels are typically utilised as inputs into boilers to provide steam for different processes and for the generation of on-site electricity.
One of the most energy-intensive processes in the malthouse and brewery is the boiling of malt kinling.
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when acidified k2cr2o7 solution is added to na2s solution, green cr3 ions and free s are formed. when acidified k2cr2o7 solution is added to nacl, no change occurs. of the substances involved in these reactions, which is the best reducing agent?
The best reducing agent is Na2S.
What is reducing agent?A chemical species known as a reducing agent in chemistry "donates" an electron to an electron acceptor. The Earth metals, formic acid, oxalic acid, and sulfite compounds are a few examples of chemicals that are frequently used as reducing agents.
A material that induces oxidation by receiving electrons becomes reduced when it acts as an oxidising agent. A chemical that reduces something by gaining electrons is said to be an oxidising agent. There are examples of how to recognise oxidising and reducing agents.
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a sheet of aluminum (al) foil has a total area of 1.000 ft2 and a mass of 3.736 g. what is the thickness of the foil in millimeters (density of al
The thickness of a sheet of aluminum (al) foil is t = 0.015 mm.
What is density ?The definition of density is the mass of a material per unit of volume. The Latin letter D may also be used, however the sign is most usually employed to denote density. The mathematical definition of density is mass divided by volume.
row = m/V
where is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume.
The connection between a substance's mass and the amount of space it occupies is known as its density (volume). The density of a substance is determined by the mass, size, and arrangement of its atoms. Density (D) is defined as the product of a substance's mass and volume.
V = mass/ Density
V = 3.736/2.699
V = 1.3842 cm³
area = 1.00 ft²
as we know,
1ft = (0.305m)²
= 0.093m²
= 0.093 * 10⁶ mm²
so, the thickness will be,
t = 1384.2/ 0.093 * 10⁶ mm²
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The ph of a 0.10 m monoprotic acid ha is measured to be 3.5. what is the ka value of this acid?
The ph of a 0.10 m monoprotic acid ha is measured to be 3.5. The ka value of this acid is 10^(-6).
What is pH?
The hydrogen ion concentration is measured using the pH scale. The pH values, which range from 0 to 14, are assigned to it. Therefore, we may say that the pH value is a number that represents how acidic or basic a solution is.
A solution with a pH below 7 is referred to as acidic, and one with a pH over 7 is referred to as basic, or alkaline.
HA⇌H+ + A−
ka= [H +][A −]/[HA]
For weak acids, [H+] = [A-]
[H+] = 10^(-pH)
Thus, Ka = {10^(-3.5)}^2/0.10 = 10^(-6)
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For what order reaction does the half-life get longer as the initial concentration increases?
The half-life gets longer as the initial concentration increases in zero-order reaction.
The amount of time it takes for the concentration of a given reactant to reach 50% of its initial concentration is known as the half-life of a chemical reaction (i.e. the time taken for the reactant concentration to reach half of its initial value).
For zero order reaction:
The half-life is given as:
[tex]t_{1/2}=\frac{[A]_{0}}{2k}[/tex] where k is the rate constant of the reaction and [tex][A]_{0}[/tex] is the initial concentration.
As we can see that the half-life is directly proportional to the initial concentration. Therefore, when the initial concentration increases the half-life gets longer.
For the first-order reaction,
The half-life is given as:
[tex]t_{1/2}=\frac{\ln 2}{k}=\frac{0.693}{k}[/tex]
A first-order reaction's half-life is independent of the initial concentration.
For a second-order reaction,
The half-life is:
[tex]t_{\frac{1}{2} }=\frac{1}{k[A]_{0}}[/tex]
The initial concentration is inversely proportional to the half-life, so when the initial concentration increases the half-life will get shorter.
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