100 grams of the sample would remain after one half-life.
A first-order reaction is one in which the rate of reaction is linearly dependent on the concentration of only one reactant, ie. in a first-order reaction, the rate is affected by changes in the concentration of only one of the reactants. Radioactive decay is a first order reaction of chemical kinetics.
Equation of first order reaction is : kt = 2.303 log [A₀]/[A]
Given, half life = 20 minutes means that k(20) = 2.303 log [A₀]/[A₀/2]
k(20) = 2.303 x log 2
k(20) = 2.303 x 0.3010
k(20) = 0.693
k = 0.693/20
k = 0.034
Now, we know the value of k. Putting this value in the first order reaction equation:-
kt=2.303 log 200/[A]
0.693/20 x 20 = 2.303 log 200/[A]
0.693 = 2.303 log 200/[A]
0.3010 = log 200/[A]
log 2 = log 200/[A]
Hence, 2 = 200/[A]
[A] = 200/2
[A] = 100g
Other approach would be, in this first order reaction of chemical kinetics, according to question, one half life passes. After one half life, amount of radiactive substance becomes half. So, if initially we had 200g of sample, after one half life, we'd have half of this value = 100g remaining sample.
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0.038 moles of o2 are collected after the reaction of 78.2 ml of a 4.6 m solution of h2o2. the density of the solution is 1.4 g/ml. what is the percent yield?
The percent yield of the reaction of H2O2 is found to be 21.16%
What varies the theoretical yield from the actual yield?The theoretical yield is the yield that is obtained using a balanced chemical reaction. What you actually obtain in a chemical reaction is the actual yield. The actual yield is evaluated with the theoretical yield to establish the percent yield.
2 H2O2 => 2H2O + O2
78.2 mL of 4.6 M solution of H2O2 :
=> 78.2/1000*4.8= 0.359 mole H2O2
2 moles H2O2 ---> 1 mole O2
=> 0.359 moles H2O2-----> x mole O2
x => 0.359/2= 0.1795mole O2
0.038 mole O2 was collected
Thus, percent yield = 0.038/0.1795*100=21.16%
What does "actual yield" mean?Actual Yield is the quantity of a product discovered to be created during a chemical process.
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The ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in a molecule is 2 to 4 to 1
What is the molecular formula of this substance if its molar mass is 88 grams.
Answer:
C4H8O2
Explanation:
The empirical formula is C2H4O1 [C/H/O is 2/4/1]
As written, the molar mass is (2*12) = 24, plus (4*1) = 4, plus (1*16) = 16, for a total of 44 grams/mole. Two units of C2H4O1 would be 88 grams/mole, which is what is needed.
The molecular formula is C4H8O2.
Answer:
[tex]C_{4} H_{8} O_{2}[/tex]
Explanation:
Setting up ratio:
Carbon : Hydrogen : Oxygen
2 : 4 : 1
As there are two carbon atoms, four hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom,
therefore the formula becomes: [tex]C_{2} H_{4} O[/tex]
The Mr would be: (12 x 2) + 4 + 16
= 44 g/mol
Molecular formula:
[tex](C_{2} H_{4} O)_{n}[/tex]
n = 88/44
n = 2
Thus:
[tex](C_{2} H_{4} O)_{2}[/tex]
= [tex]C_{4} H_{8} O_{2}[/tex]
I NEED HELP ASAP
What is the frequency associated radiation of these wavelengths?
a) 8.0x10^-3 cm
b) 12.0 micrometers
c) 2.80x10^-10 m
d) 300 nm
Answer:
a
Explanation:
I don't know two jsjsjsjahajaja
the periodic trend for electronegativity is smiliar to what other trend
what are the two common misconceptions about cellular respiration?
PLS USE YOUR OWN WORDS
Many pupils believe in error that plants solely engage in photosynthesis whereas only mammals engage in cellular respiration. They don't know that plants also undergo cellular respiration to generate ATP for cellular functioning.
What does breathing entail, exactly?Our lungs and respiratory system are necessary for breathing. They exhale carbon dioxide and inhale oxygen, which is referred to as inhalation, into our bodies (called expiration, or exhalation). The exchange between oxygen or dioxide occurs throughout breathing.
What does breathing properly entail?When assessing someone's respiration, it's critical to consider their breathing difficulties. When at rest, an adult in good health breaths 12 to 16 times each minute.
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consider the following gas-liquid equilibrium for an aqueous system at a constant partial pressure of n2. n2(g) n2(aq) what is the effect on the equilibrium composition of the liquid when the temperature of the liquid is increased?
On increasing the temperature, the equilibrium will shift towards the left as when we increase the temperature, the solubility of gases in the liquid decreases.
The solubility of gases depends on the temperature. When we increase the temperature of a liquid, the solubility of gases decreases. This happens because the kinetic energy of the molecules increase and the gas escapes the liquid.
N₂ (gas) ⇄ N₂ (aq)
According to the above equation, the nitrogen gas is in equilibrium with the liquid nitrogen. The equilibrium will shift to the left as the solubility will decrease and N₂ will escape from the liquid on increasing then temperature.
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I need a description of the rocks.
Table D. Absolute Age of Rock Layers
Basalt is 65.5 million years ago to the present. Limestone with fossil was about 500 million years ago. Sandstone with trilobite is between 525 and 505 million years old.
What is Absolute Age of rocks?A quantifiable measurement of how old something is or how long ago it occurred, expressed typically in terms of years, is called an absolute age in geology.
Radiometric techniques are used the most often in geology to determine absolute ages.
Basalt was formed 65.5 million years ago. Fossilized limestone dates back to roughly 500 million years. Trilobites are found in sandstone that is between 525 and 505 million years old.
In the Carboniferous epoch, about 340 million years ago, the earliest amniotes diverged from their amphibian predecessors. Soon after the first amniotes emerged, they split into two major lines.
Thus, these are the probable ages of the given rocks.
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how to determine amount of moles produced in a reaction when given the number of mols of both reactants
atroodee vastroodeee,your phone is on light modeeee
Select all of the following that are salts.
NaNO3
D (NH4)2SO4
H2SO4
NH3
| NH4OH
Naci
NHACI
NaNO3, (NH4)2SO4, and NH4OH are salts.
A salt is a chemical compound made up of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions.
NaNO3 is a salt made up of sodium cation (Na+) and nitrate anion (NO3-).
(NH4)2SO4 is a salt made up of Ammonium cation (NH4+) and sulfate anion (SO42-).
NH4OH is a salt made up of Ammonium cation (NH4+) and hydroxide anion (OH-).
H2SO4 is not a salt, it is a mineral acid.
NH3 is not a salt, it is an Ammonia gas.
Naci and NHACI are not salts, these are not valid chemical compounds.
Salt is an important class of chemical compounds with a wide range of uses in various fields including industrial, agricultural, and medicinal.
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write a balanced thermochemical equation with phase labels for the haber process with the heat energy as part of the equation.
The equation that is balanced during the process that results in the creation of ammonia ls [tex]N_{2}[/tex] + [tex]3H_{2}[/tex] ↔↔↔[tex]NH_{3}[/tex]
The identical amount of atoms of each element must be present on the product and reactant sides of the chemical equation to produce ammonia: [tex]NH_{3}[/tex]
Every time we perform a reaction, some heat is either released or dissolved. The total heat released or dissolved during a chemical process is known as the enthalpy change.
Endothermic refers to the absorption of energy to generate the product, whereas exothermic refers to the release of energy. Since one travels forward while the other goes backward, both processes defy logic.
In the Haber reaction, 2 moles of ammonia gas are created from a reaction between 1 mole of nitrogen gas and 3 moles of hydrogen gas.
The chemical equation for the Haber process as it relates to the generation of ammonia gas is thus:
[tex]N_{2} + 3H_{2}[/tex] ⇒⇒[tex]NH_{3}[/tex]
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a momentary change in the electron distribution surrounding an atom or a molecule causes it to have a(n)
A momentary change in the electron distribution around an atom or molecule can cause it to have an electrical charge.
A momentary change in the electron distribution surrounding an atom or a molecule causes it to have an electrical charge. This can be due to a variety of different causes, such as a transfer of electrons from one atom to another, or a temporary change in the electron configuration due to the addition or removal of an electron. This can be a temporary or permanent change depending on the cause. The electrical charge can then be used to power devices, or even to manipulate the behavior of particles or molecules in the surrounding area. This makes it a powerful tool in the manipulation of matter, especially in the field of nanotechnology.
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1. What is carbon cycle ?
2. State the stages of carbon cycle.
3. State 5 importance of carbon cycle.
which of the following statements correctly describe a resonance hybrid? select all that apply.multiple select question.the true structure of the resonance hybrid is the structure of the most stable contributor.the resonance hybrid is stabilized due to delocalization of electrons.a resonance hybrid rapidly interconverts between the possible resonance forms.equivalent resonance forms contribute equally to the overall structure of the hybrid.a resonance hybrid has a single structure.
The most stable contributor's structure is the genuine structure of the resonance hybrid. The delocalization of electrons is what stabilizes the resonance hybrid. The potential resonance forms are quickly interconverted by a resonance hybrid.
Equivalent resonance types equally contribute to the hybrid's overall structure. Consider the resonance hybrid structure of a carboxylate group as an example. Different resonance contributors do not always contribute equally to the hybrid structure until they are equivalent to one another in terms of stability, as is the case for the carboxylate group, which has equivalent contributions from A and B as shown in the given figure. One resonance structure will more closely resemble the “actual” (hybrid) structure than another if it is more stable (lower in energy) than the other.
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The unit of specific heat capacity is …
J/kg
J/oC
Joule
J/kg.oC
Answer:
J/kg.oC
Explanation:
The unit of specific heat capacity of a substance is J/kg*°C (joule per kilogram-degree)
Students in a high school Marine Science class are learning about the scientific process. Four students were asked to write a testable prediction about deep-sea vents found in the ocean. Their responses are shown in the chart. Student Response Jin Deep-sea vents are too deep. Elizabeth Deep-sea vents are more interesting than caves. Carly Interest in deep-sea vents will decrease in the future. Raymond Ocean surface temperatures are warmer than water at deep-sea vents. Which student's prediction is the most testable using the scientific process? Jin Elizabeth Carly
The predication that is testable here is that of Raymond. Option D
What is a testable predication?We have to keep it at the back of our minds that science deals with data that is testable. In other words, science is an empirical discipline. What we mean by this is that we must be able to get at knowledge by testing the data that we have in controlled experiments.
Now, if we look at the responses of the students, we can see that the only one that has to do with something that we can test is the one that said that Ocean surface temperatures are warmer than water at deep-sea vents.
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Make a simple abstract design using shape tools and color palette on MS paint. Give it an interesting title using paint tool
To make an abstract design, use the MS Paint tool. To build the design, you may utilize form tools such as circles, squares, and triangles. You may also utilize the color pallet to add color to the shapes.
You may also use the paint brush to draw patterns or lines. You may use the text tool to add text to the design for the title. You may select a typeface and color that compliments the overall design. For example, you might call it "Chaotic Harmony" or "Colorful Illusion" to convey the abstract design. You may use the text tool to add text to the design for an intriguing title. You may select a typeface and color that compliments the overall design. a simple abstract design using shape tools and color palette on MS paint. Give it an interesting title using paint tool. You may use the text tool to add text to the design for an intriguing title. You may select a typeface and color that compliments the overall design.
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the uranium- 238nuclide radioactively decays by alpha emission. write a balanced nuclear chemical equation that describes this process.
238 92 U => l234 90 Th + 4 2 He represents the accurate nuclear chemical equation for this operation. As a result, uranium-238 decays by emitting -particles, which results in the production of thorium-234.
According to the following chemical equation: 238 92 U => l234 90 Th + 4 2 He The subscript sums (atomic numbers or charges) on both sides of the equation must be same, as this is crucial information. A -particle contains the nucleus of helium. Having two protons and two neutrons gives it a mass of four. As an atomic nucleus decays, an alpha particle is released. It transforms (or decays) into an atom that has an atomic number of 2 fewer and a mass number of 4 less.
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1. How does the chemical equation show that a chemical reaction took place?
2. What two elements are bonding in the chemical equation shown above?
3. What do the large numbers to the left of a symbol or formula tell you? (ex, 2Mg)
4. What do the small numbers to the right of a symbol or formula tell you? (ex. O2)
5. What is true about the elements at the start of a chemical reaction compared to the elements at the end of a the reaction?
1) There is a new product on the right hand side
2) Magnesium and oxygen
3) The stoichiometric coefficient of the reactants
4) The number of atoms of each of the elements in the molecule
5) At the start of the reaction, the elements are isolated while at the end of the reaction, the elements are combined.
What is a chemical reaction?We have to note that when we talk about a chemical reaction we mean the combination of two or more substances so that we can be able to get a product that is different from the reactants.
in this case, we can see that the reaction that has taken place is the combination of the oxygen molecule and the magnesium atom so as to give the magnesium oxide compound.
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an atom has four electrons in its valence shell. what type(s) of covalent bonds is it capable of forming with oxygen?
An atom with four electrons in its valence shell is capable of forming double and triple covalent bonds with oxygen.
An atom with four valence electrons is typically carbon or silicon, they are both capable of forming covalent bonds with oxygen by sharing electrons. A single covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one pair of electrons. A double covalent bond is formed when two atoms share two pairs of electrons, and a triple covalent bond is formed when two atoms share three pairs of electrons. In the case of carbon and silicon, they can share 4 electrons with an oxygen atom in order to fill their valence shell. This would result in the formation of a double covalent bond, CO2 or SiO2. Additionally, they can share 6 electrons with an oxygen atom, which would result in the formation of a triple covalent bond, CO3 or SiO3.
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If an atom has four electrons in its valence shell it can form one double bond or two single covalent bond with oxygen.
Covalent bond is a type of bond that is formed between non-metal atoms. Covalent bond is formed as a result of sharing electrons between non-metal atoms involved. This type of bond is formed when atoms involved contribute equal number of electrons to the bond formation. The atom with four outer most electrons may share its electrons with two oxygen atoms to form a compound with a double covalent bond. Valence shell is defined as an electron in the outer shell associated with an atom. This can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed. A shared pair forms with both atoms in the bond each contributing one valence electron in a single covalent bond.
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if 22.4 grams of an aqueous solution of manganese(ii) iodide, mni2, contains 4.69 grams of manganese(ii) iodide, what is the percentage by mass of manganese(ii) iodide in the solution?
Manganese(II) With the formula MnI2, iodide is a chemical compound made up of iodide and manganese.
What is chemical compound ?Cadmium iodide is the crystal structure that the anhydrous chemical adopts. The pink tetrahydrate is widely known. MnI2(H2O)4's iodides are trans, in contrast to MnX2(H2O)4, which is cis for X = Cl, Br. As a source of manganese ions or iodide ions, it can also be utilized as a pink pigment. The lighting sector frequently employs it.Name: Manganese(II) Manganous iodide is another name for iodide, and its chemical formula is MnI2.Examples of reactions include the following:4HI + MnO2 = 2H2O + MnI2 + I2 and 2NaI + MnSO4 = MnI2 + Na2SO4.
Specifically, MnI2 + Na2CO3 = 2NaI + MnCO3 and MnI2 + 2AgNO3 = 2AgI + Mn (NO3)2.
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A student in your class has decided to dissolve epsom salts in water and observe the crystals that are left behind after the water evaporates. They have selected this reaction for their culminating event project. What advice would you give this student. Is this an example of a chemical change and reaction? Use evidence and scientific reasoning to support your claim
The action of dissolving Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate) in water and observing the crystals that are left behind after the water evaporates is a physical change, not a chemical change.
A chemical change is a process that leads to the formation of new substances, whereas a physical change is a process that alters the form of a substance without creating new substances. In this case, the Epsom salts are not forming new substances when it dissolves in water, it is simply change its state from a solid to a solution. And when the water evaporates, the Epsom salts will change back to their original solid form. Evidence to support this claim can be found in the fact that the chemical composition of the Epsom salts remains the same before and after the dissolution process. Magnesium sulfate has the same chemical formula (MgSO4) before and after being dissolved in water, and also before and after the water evaporates. The chemical composition is unchanged and the substance is still magnesium sulfate.
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The [OH-]of a solution with pH 8. 34 is 2. 2x 10-⁹ M 3x 10-⁶M. 4. 6x 10-⁹ M. 5x 10-⁹ M. 2. 2x 10 -⁶M.
Answer:
The [OH-] of a solution with a pH of 8.34 is 4.6 x 10^-9 M.
an aqueous solution is 28.0% by mass silver nitrate, agno3, and has a density of 1.29 g/ml. the molarity of silver nitrate in the solution is
The molarity of silver nitrate (AgNo₃) in the solution is 0.127 M.
To calculate the molarity of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) in the solution, we first need to determine the number of moles of silver nitrate present. We can do this by using the mass percentage of silver nitrate, which tells us that 28.0% of silver nitrate is present in every 100 g of solution is:
(28.0/100)×100g = 28 grams
Next, we need to determine the number of moles of silver nitrate present by using the molar mass of AgNO₃, which is 169.87 g/mol:
28g / 169.87g/mol = 0.164 moles
Next, we use the density of the solution to determine the volume:
1.29g/ml = 1.29g/1ml = 1.29ml
We can then use the formula molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution to calculate the molarity of the silver nitrate in the solution:
molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution
molarity = 0.164 moles / 1.29ml
molarity = 0.127 M
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The release of which substance is represented by the arrows?
The arrows depict the emission of carbon dioxide. Due to its depiction of the energy transfer from plants to animals, arrow B stands in for cellular respiration.
What group of arrows best exemplifies the respiration mechanism of cells?Due to its depiction of the energy transfer from plants to animals, arrow B stands in for cellular respiration.These organic compounds are disassembled by cells to release their energy. Those bonds are broken during cellular respiration and fermentation, converting the potential energy of organic molecules into kinetic energy that cells can use to perform tasks.There is only arrow 6 ambient oxygen (031 carbon dioxide (COz' AI The only arrows that depict the flow of atmospheric oxygen during respiration are those in positions 2 and 6.The complete question is,
What does the arrows' representation of substance release indicate? up-facing mitochondria.
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when is the best time to clean glassware during the lab session?
Wash glassware in hot water or a glassware washer as soon as you're finished using it to avoid the formation of hard-to-remove residue. Corning recommends soaking glassware in water if it's impossible to wash it immediately after use
Any glass laboratory equipment is referred to as glassware. When you're through using a glass item, wipe it down to get rid of any cleaning agent.
Glass makes up a large portion of our scientific equipment, including measuring cylinders, conical flasks, and beakers. After use, these glasses need to be professionally cleaned.
Since they are frequently cleaned with a solvent, small particles of the cleaning agent stick to the glassware.
In order to avoid contaminating a sample placed in glassware, these cleaning solvent particles must be removed with a wipe.
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silver nitrate has a lattice energy of -820 kj>mol and a heat of solution of -22.6 kj>mol. calculate the heat of hydration for silver nitrate
The heat of hydration for silver nitrate is -842.6 kJ/ mole.
The heat of hydration is the heat generated when water comes into contact with cement powder. The amount of heat released is influenced by the cement's composition, curing temperature, water to cement ratio, and cement fineness. The heat of hydration is the quantity of energy produced when one mole of ions are hydrated.
Lattice energy = -820 kJ/mole
Heat of solution = +22.6 KJ/mole
Lattice breakdown is and endothermic reaction during the formation of solution a nd hydration is an exothermic reaction as ions interact with solvent molecules
By using the formula,
Enthalpy of solution = Lattice energy + hydration energy
Now put the values and calculate,
-22.6 kj/mole = + 820 kj/mole + hydration energy
-22.6 kJ/ mole - 820 kJ/ mole = hydration energy
-842.6 kJ/ mole = hydration energy
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chemical containers must be sealed when they are stored after the experiment ends and they will be used at a later time/date. group of answer choices true false
Chemical containers must be sealed properly when they are stored after the experiments ends so that the chemicals do not react with atmospheric gases.
It is advisable to use laboratory grade refrigerators and freezers to store sealed chemical containers containing flammable liquids that requires a cool storage.
Chemicals that are hazardous must be stored below eye level and should not be kept on the floor or window edges.
Chemicals must be stored in containers that are made up of materials that do not react with the composition of the chemical stored in that particular container. Strong acids and bases should be stored separately.
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Acetaminophen is the active ingredient in Tylenol. Calculate the mass of carbon in 99.0 g of acetaminophen (CgH9NO₂) NOTE: Round your typed answer to include 2 decimal places.
Answer:
6.55 g
Explanation:
The atomic mass of Carbon (C) is 12.0107, of Hydrogen (H) is 1.008, of Nitrogen(N) is 14.0067, and of Oxygen(O) is 15.9994
Therefore the molar mass of acetaminophen = 12.0107 + 4 * 1.008 + 14.0067 + 2 * 15.9994 = 151.16
mass of C in 99.0 g of acetaminophen = (99.0 g / 151.16 g/mol) * 1 mol C/ 1mol acetaminophen
mass of C in 99.0 g of acetaminophen = 6.545 g
which bonds occur between two atoms in each of which the number of protons does not equal the number of electrons? select all that apply.
The bonds occur between two atoms in each of the which the number of the protons not equals to the number of electrons is the 1) ionic bond.
An atom which do not have the number of the protons is equals to the number of the electrons is called as the ion. The ion may be positive or negative charge.
The ionic bond is formed between the negatively charged atom and the positively charged atom. The compound formed between the atoms by the complete transfer of electrons called as the ionic compounds and the bond is called as the ionic bond.
The given question is incomplete, the complete question is :
which bonds occur between two atoms in each of which the number of protons does not equal the number of electrons? select all that apply.
1) Ionic bond
2) covalent bond
3) coordinate bond
4) none of the above
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Electron Configuration: Know shapes and How many orbitals and electrons in each sublevel. Write electron configurations for… a. sodium b. iodine c. iron
Answer: (Numbers to the right of the letters are suppose to be to the power of. e.g. 1s^2)
For Sodium (Na): The electron configuration is "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1". The 3s sublevel has 1 orbital and can hold 1 electron.
For Iodine (I): The electron configuration is "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p5". The s sublevel has 1 orbital and can hold 2 electrons, the p sublevel has 3 orbitals and can hold 6 electrons, the d sublevel has 5 orbitals and can hold 10 electrons, and the 4p sublevel has 1 orbital and can hold 5 electrons.
For Iron (Fe): The electron configuration is "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6". The s sublevel has 1 orbital and can hold 2 electrons, the p sublevel has 3 orbitals and can hold 6 electrons, and the d sublevel has 5 orbitals and can hold 6 electrons.