Answer:
Since photosynthesis cannot begin without light, it is the first limiting factor.
which of the following is a measure of energy expended in everyday spontaneous activities? a. non-exercise activity thermogenesis (neat) b. basal metabolic rate (bmr) c. resting metabolic rate (rmr) d. set-point
The measure of energy expended in everyday spontaneous activities is the non-exercise activity thermogenesis (neat). That is option A.
What are spontaneous activities?Spontaneous activities are those activities that occur which are usually unplanned and are natural.
Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is defined as the energy that is expended on those activities that are not planned which helps in the silent burning of excess fat and calories in the body.
Recently, it has been discovered that involving in non-exercise activity thermogenesis would help improve one's health and life span.
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Alanine is a member of the twenty key amino acids that are used by our bodies to make proteins. Is this a chiral molecule?.
Glycine has an achiral structure. The chiral C atom is absent. Chiral consists of cysteine, alanine, and serine.
Chiral and Achiral molecules
Mirror images of chiral compounds cannot be superimposed on one another. Achiral molecules are mirror reflections of one another that can be superimposed. Chiral compounds have one or more asymmetrical centers. The centers of achiral molecules are all symmetric.
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why dont ppl consider ice as salty water?
Answer: because salt can be used to speed up the freezing process but it is not necessary to the creation of ice
fitness is a measure of reproductive success. if an individual with genotype (bb) produces 6 offspring, and a heterozygous individual (bb) produces 10 offspring, and a third individual with genotype (bb) produces 5 offspring, what is the fitness value for the individual with (bb) genotype?
Reproductive success is measured by physical fitness.Natural selection can affect polygenic traits or qualities determined by different alleles of a single gene.
Is fitness is a measure of reproductive success?
Natural genetic variations among members of the same species are referred to as genetic variation.A population can adapt and survive in the face of shifting environmental conditions thanks to this variety. The fitnesses are just each survival rate divided by the highest survival rate if only survival rates vary and reproduction rates are all identical.Fitness is equal to each reproductive rate divided by the highest reproductive rate if only the reproductive rates vary and the survival rates are all identical. The type of variant present at a specific locus (i.e., region) in the genome is scored by what is known as a genotype.Symbols can be used to symbolize it.For illustration, BB, Bb, and bb could be used to denote a certain gene variant. Even though we are thinking about how selection affects genotypes, we can still compute an allele's average fitness (also known as the marginal fitness) by dividing the likelihood that an allele would occur in a certain genotype by its fitness. The quantity of viable progeny that an organism produces is the best indicator of its fitness.Fitness is a key indicator of reproductive success since it leads to more children, who in turn add more genes to the gene pool for the following generation.Typically, subjects like evolutionary biology will utilize this word. If a dolphin generally gives birth to three young during her lifetime and gives birth to four, she has a greater relative fitness.The absolute fitness of the organism is divided by the typical number of offspring in a population to determine relative fitness.To learn more about reproductive refer
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when mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants, all the offspring were yellow seeded. when he allowed these f1 yellow-seeded plants to self-fertilize, he observed both yellow and green seeds among the f2 generation. this experiment and observations illustrate the principle(s) of:
This experiment and the results demonstrate the idea of recessive traits, in accordance with Mendel.
What was Mendel famous for?Gregor Mendel uncovered the basic principles of inheritance through his study on pea plants. He concluded that genes are inherited from each parent as separate, paired units. Mendel observed how parental genes separated and if they showed up as dominant or recessive qualities in the children.
What are the 4 laws of Mendel?(1) Paired Factors Principles
(2) The Dominance Principle
(3) Mendel's First Law of Inheritance, often known as the Law of Segregation or the Law of Purity of Gametes
(4) Mendel's Second Law of Inheritance, also known as the Law of Independent Assortment.
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What is RNA primer?
What is the sugar phosphate backbone?
Answer:
a=
Primer RNA is RNA that initiates DNA synthesis. Primers are required for DNA synthesis because no known DNA polymerase is able to initiate polynucleotide synthesis. DNA polymerases are specialized for elongating polynucleotide chains from their available 3′-hydroxyl termini.
b=
The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumoral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the __________.
The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumeral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the acromion of the scapula.
What is meant by the glenohumeral joint?The glenohumeral joint, which consists of a complex, dynamic articulation between the proximal humerus and the glenoid of the scapula, is a ball-and-socket joint. Particularly, the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula is in touch with the head of the humerus.
The upper limb exists connected to the axial skeleton by the synovial joint comprehended as the glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint. Between the glenoid fossa of the scapula (gleno-) and the head of the humerus, it exists a ball-and-socket joint (-humeral).
The rotator cuff muscles' position in regard to the glenohumeral joint reduces the pressure exerted upward on the scapula's acromion.
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What is the most critical part of developing an action plan? Responses stating when and how often the steps will be done stating when and how often the steps will be done, developing a plan B in case of failure developing a plan B in case of failure, identifying role models who have achieved the goal identifying role models who have achieved the goal, evaluating personal skills to execute the action plan
The most critical part of developing an action plan is stating when and how often the steps will be done stating when and how often the steps will be done. The correct option is A.
What is action plan?An action plan is a document that outlines the steps that must be taken to achieve a specific goal.
When you specify when and how frequently you will participate in your action plan, you are essentially making a promise to yourself to achieve that goal.
It is critical to do so because you will know exactly what you will do, how you will do it, and when you will do it.
Identifying role models is not critical because it frequently leads to low self-esteem and unrealistic goals, which may make you feel worse about the entire plan if you fail to meet the standards that role model did.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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in fruit flies, long wings (w) are dominant over short wings (w), and red eyes (r) are dominant over orange eyes (r). each individual possesses two alleles for each trait. if a fly that is homozygous dominant for both traits is crossed with a fly that is homozygous recessive for both traits, what is the predicted genotype of the offspring?
Option C If a fly that is homozygous dominant for both traits is crossed with a fly that is homozygous recessive for both traits, WwRr the predicted genotype of the offspring.
You inherited two identical copies of a gene if you are homozygous for that gene. The alleles are different, which is the reverse of a heterozygous genotype. Recessive features, such as red hair or blue eyes, are always present in individuals who are homozygous for that gene. Two chromosomal sets make up an individual human. Allele pairings are referred to as heterozygous and homozygous, respectively. The term "homozygous" refers to people who have two copies of the same allele (RR or rr). The term "heterozygous" refers to an individual organism with multiple alleles (Rr). Genes from each biological parent are inherited, which is referred to as homozygous or homozygosity. The mutation, which modifies the gene's DNA structure, causes the variation. Gene variations are known as alleles by experts. A person is homozygous if their alleles match exactly.
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What should scientists include when making a model to study a system?
Scientists include a model of a system that should include all of the relevant variables in the system, as well as the relationships between those variables. The model should be as simple as possible while still accurately representing the system.
Who is a scientist?
A scientist is someone who does scientific study to enhance knowledge in a particular field. Scientists are inspired to work in a variety of ways. Many people want to know why the world is the way it is and how it came to be.
Scientists aid in our understanding of the world. They observe the occurrences around us, collect data on what they observe, and evaluate that data to develop laws and rules governing how the world operates. Knowing the rules is essential if you want to play a game well.
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in your small groups, brainstorm some ideas that could test our next question: How do antibiotics
affect bacteria when they are put together?
What experimental variables are you
comparing?
What factors or variables of your experiment
should you keep the same or controlled?
The variables to test how antibiotics affect bacteria when they are put together include the rate of bacterial growth by the unit of time, while controlled conditions include the temperature and light in all treatments.
What is a controlled variable?A controlled variable is any condition during an experimental procedure that must stay the same for all treatments in order to observe a given outcome and the specific relationships between the independent variable (in this case the unit of time) and the dependent variable (in this case the bacterial growth rate).
The controlled variable should ideally remain the same because it allows us to make comparisons between different treatments.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a controlled variable is any variable in an experiment that remain with the same condition for all types of treatments and thus allow us to make comparisons.
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Which organism in the food web would be considered both a primary consumer and a secondary consumer?
How is gamma rays used or found in our everyday
lives or in certain industries?
Answer:
Gamma rays are used in medicine (radiotherapy), industry (sterilization and disinfection) and the nuclear industry. Remember it is very important to shield against gamma rays since they can cause diseases to skin or blood, eye disorders and even cancers.
Explanation:
if a bacterial cell is competent, it means that a. it is ready to undergo transduction b. the bacterium is ready to conjugate c. the bacterium is able to replicate its dna and undergo cell fission. d. the bacterium can import free dna fragments from the environment. e. two of the above are correct
Option d.) Bacteria can take up free fragments of DNA from the environment. This is the correct answer.
Competent cells are bacterial cells that take up extrachromosomal DNA or plasmids from the environment. Competent cell generation can be done in two ways- natural competence and artificial competence. Natural competence is the genetic ability of bacteria to take up environmental DNA under natural or in vitro conditions. Bacteria can also be artificially rendered capable of being temporarily permeabilized by DNA through chemical treatment and heat shock. Natural Competence dates back to 1928, when Frederick Griffith discovered that thermal cells prepared from pathogenic bacteria could transform non-pathogenic cells into pathogenic cells.
However, natural capacity and transformation are valid for linear molecules such as chromosomal DNA, but not for circular plasmid molecules.
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Which term describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material?.
Translocation is the term that describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material.
In the field of genetics, translocation can be described as a process in which alleles from a chromosome jump and attach themselves to another chromosome. The process of translocation can occur in between nonhomologous chromosomes and it results in an unusual rearrangement of the chromosomes.
The phenomenon of translocation is important when studying genetic diseases. Scientists have sequenced the entire human genome so it is easier to locate when a translocation takes place in an individual.
As translocation is just the rearranging of the alleles to another chromosome, there is no gain or loss in the genetic material.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Which term describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material?
-translocation
-frameshift
-crossing over
-inversion
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ONLY AND ONLY REALLY SMART PEOPLE;)
Hey there!
We have the three states of matter, labelled in the picture, called gases, liquids, and solids.
But did you know that there are terms and explanations as to how a material's state can change?
Gases changing into a liquid is called condensation. This occurs when warm air collides with cold surfaces, making the cold surface 'sweat' from the warm air. We see this in the early mornings when the sun starts cooling up the grass, which was colder because of the night.
Liquids changing into a gas is called vaporization. This occurs when liquids are usually approached to a high enough temperature in which it exceeds their boiling point, and the tighter liquid molecules drift off wandering around. When molecules wander around enough, they can vaporize and turn into a gas.
Liquids turning into a solid is called freezing. This happens because in colder temperatures, molecules cannot move as quick because they are mimicking their environment; they actually clump up together because they are cold (think about it as them warming themselves up with each molecules around them!) and become a solid.
Solids turning to a liquid is called melting. When something at it's freezing point (when it is a solid) and it loses that freezing point and gets warmer, the molecules can now move around much more freely, which means that it can become a liquid.
Solids turning into a gas is called sublimination. Think of the snow droplets turning into water vapor immediately in the air. This is an example of sublimination, where a good amount of heat is given and skips the liquid phase.
Gas turning into a solid is called deposition. We already thought about the snow; so let's think of the water vapor turning into snow in the air, the opposite reaction; this is due to the excessively extreme cold air that was given to the water vapor that made it skip the liquid phase.
In this problem, we see that a block of ice is turning into water.
We can conclude that it is turning from a solid to liquid.
However, why does this occur? Like we learned before, this process is called melting; and this occurs when something that was colder than water's freezing point (32°F or 0°C) is applied warmth (which is energy) from the air to the ice, the ice will melt into a liquid. The molecules are no longer constricted to this firm slow movement and can freely move around.
Therefore,
1. The ice will melt because the air is too warm to sustain the ice's climate.
2. This happens because since the climate is presumed to be above the water's freezing point, the ice will no longer be able to maintain it's phase.
3. The ice left out would be a phase change of solid to liquid.
4. This phenomenon is called melting.
a scientist adds a retrograde marker to the neurons in the superior colliculus of a monkey. the marker labels cell bodies. in which layer of the visual cortex would the scientist expect to find the marker?
In the 5th layer of the visual cortex would the scientist expect to find the marker.
Do memories include the visual cortex?
Small receptive fields and responses to fundamental components of the visual scene are characteristics of primary visual cortex neurons. However, current research indicates that the primary visual cortex also contributes to cognitive functions including working memory and visual perception.
The visual cortex is the main part of the brain in charge of receiving, integrating, as well as processing visual information from the retinas. It is situated in the occipital lobe of the primary cerebral cortex, the most backward region of the brain.
Therefore, in the 5th layer of the visual cortex would the scientist expect to find the marker.
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in the meselson-stahl experiment, what was the expected composition of dna molecules after one round of replication, if the conservative model was correct?
Each DNA molecule would have a single density since it would be made up of 3/4 light and 1/4 heavy sections.
What does DNA stand for?Deoxyribonucleic acid, a polymer made of two chains that coil around one another to form a double helix, is necessary for all known creatures, including many viruses, to develop, function, grow, and reproduce.
Nucleic acids include things like DNA and ribonucleic acid.
Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the molecule that contains the genetic data necessary for an organism to develop and perform its functions.
DNA is shaped like a double helix, which consists of two connected strands that loop around one another to resemble a twisted ladder.
DNA contains the atoms adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) (T).
Therefore, each DNA molecule would have a single density since it would be made up of 3/4 light and 1/4 heavy sections.
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Reviewing Facts about Gravity, Mass, and Distance
Use what you learned about the relationship among gravity, mass, and distance to form sentences.
Mass is
caused by gravity affecting mass.
Quick
Check
Active
Weight is
The force of gravity increases
The force of gravity decreases
↑
↑
↑
W
the amount of matter in an object.
when an object's mass increases.
when distance increases.
Answer:
Distance. Gravitational force diminishes according to the square of the distance, it increases according to mass.
So, if the distance is doubled, the force is reduced to a quarter of what it was before. If the mass is doubled, the force is only doubled.
Explanation: Hope this helps, if it does not i am sorry, at least i tried my best RIGHT?
Answer:
The force of gravity increases - when an objects mass increases.
Weight is - caused by gravity affecting mass.
Mass is - the amount of matter in an object.
The force of gravity decreases - when distance increases.
Explanation:
Fossil evidence indicates that horses have gradually increased in size over geologic
time. Which of the following terms best describes this?
a artificial selection
b directional selection
c stabilizing selection
d disruptive selection
e sexual selection
According to the given statement the following terms best describes this Directional selection.
The correct option is B.
What is an example of fossil evidence?Examples includes fossilized bones, shells, exoskeletons, animal or microbe imprints in stone, orangish objects, hair, petrified timber, oil, coal, and DNA traces. The fossil record is indeed the collection of all fossils.
What characteristics define fossil evidence?Fossils are the remains of once-living things.Rock is used to create fossils because it can fill in or replace an organism's body or imprint.Sedimentary rock, as opposed to igneous or metamorphic rock, is often the material used to create fossils.To know more about Fossil visit:
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what is the reason that an island in the ocean that is 5 kilometers from a continent would have a higher number of species than one that is 15 kilometers from a continent based on the theory of island biogeography
Species evolve more in the island near the continent than the far one due to environmental conditions and availability of resources.
What is theory of island biogeography and why the species evolve more on island near continent?Theory of island biogeography explains the diversity of species increases as they disperse from islands.Here in the question is asked the reason of more species evolving in the island near continent than far.Apart the environmental condition better for the species in the island , than the island far from the continent.There is a food factor too, which is best at island near the continent, that the species do not get attracted by far island.Hence due environmental conditions and availibility of resources are the factors.To know more about continent visit:
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Acid-Base Balance Cases pH = 7.50 CO2 = 47 HCO3- = 32 Is it acidosis, alkalosis or neither? Is the problem respiratory or metabolic in nature? Metabolic in nature. Is there any compensation occurring? Has the body tried to fix the problem?
answer and explanation
this question required us to interpret the atrial blood gas data provided.
from the information provided, this case is a case of alkalosis because the pH reading is 7.50. pH values less that 7.35 indicate acidosis and pH levels greater that 7.45 indicate a case of alkalosis.
this is a metabolic alkalosis because the HCO3 value is greater than 22 and it is fully compensated because of the high CO2
describe a situation in which migration and natural selection could work in opposition to each other. think about how the net change in allele frequencies is zero
Divergent natural selection's effects on populations typically are countered by migration. It has been shown that the balance between migration and selection limits genetic divergence within populations.
How does allele frequency fluctuate as a result of natural selection?Allele frequency is also impacted by natural selection. The prevalence of an allele will rise if it confers a phenotype that makes a person more likely to live or produce more children.
High rates of gene flow can lessen the genetic divergence between the two groups, increasing homogeneity. Migrants alter the distribution of genetic diversity among populations.
When disrupting variables are absent, gene frequencies tend to stay steady from generation to generation. Mutation, among other things, can alter the natural equilibrium of gene frequencies.
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Water snakes in Lake Erie are an example of how migration and natural selection can work against each other.
What is migration and selection?The movement of genes from one location or population to another is referred to as migration. Migrational selection occurs when certain genotypes migrate more than others. The evidence for migrational selection is examined. Migration can reduce fitness by constraining local adaptation, resulting in a "migration load," which causes persistent natural selection. The movement of populations, groups, or individuals is referred to as migration. Migration allows for gene flow, or the movement of genes from one population to another.Migration causes gene transfer from one population to the next. Migration is also known as gene flow because it involves the transfer of genetic material.To learn more about migration and selection, refer to:
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How many gigaton of carbon do animals produce.
Answer:
7.1 gigatons of CO2 equivalent per year
Explanation:
Proteins function best under specific pH and temperature. This is called their optimal. Which of the following are NOT true statements? Select all that apply.
Responses
Proteins all have the same function because they have the same structure.
Proteins have different function but are all the same structure.
Proteins have different structures that lead to different functions.
Proteins can change their structures to fit the desired functions.
Answer: The first two are wrong. The unique chain/sequence of amino acid monomers that form a polypeptide monomer are what fold the protein into its UNIQUE shape. Proteins can be modified in the golgi apparatus to best suit their function.
(a level answer)
Explain how social and economic groups (the working class, middle class, and upper class) experienced city life and culture similarly and differently.
The working class, middle class, and upper-class experience city life and culture similarly in that they all are subject to the noise, hustle, and ever-hectic life of the city.
The working class, middle class, and upper-class experience city life and culture differently because they have different purchasing power and time to spend on the luxuries city life has to offer.
What are the experiences and culture of city life?Living in the city, whether one belongs to the working class, middle class, or upper-class subjects one to the constant noise and pollution of city life.
The ever-busy culture of city life affects all in the city.
However, due to differences in their social and economic status, the upper class usually has more luxuries to enjoy in the city than either the middle class or working class. For example, attending concerts will be more for the upper class, with few opportunities for the middle class and almost none for the working class.
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Explain how Pasteur’s experiment was set up and what we determined from it.
Pasteur's experiment determined that micro-organisms could not arise from inanimate matter under the conditions prevailing on Earth during Pasteur's lifetime.
Pasteur set up broth and added the nutrient broth to the bottle, the bottleneck he bent into an S-shape, and boiled the broth to kill any microbes present. After the broth had been sterilized, Pasteur broke off the swan necks of several bottles to expose the nutrient broth they contained to the air from above.
The remaining piston remained intact. Broth quickly turned cloudy. However, the broth in the intact flask remained clear. Without the introduction of dust to which microbes could move, life would not have arisen. Pasteur thus disproved the concept of spontaneous generation.
Pasteur's experiments showed that conditions similar to those on primordial Earth may have existed or now exist on other celestial bodies in our solar system and elsewhere.
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what is energy coupling? what is energy coupling? the use of an enzyme to reduce ea the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction the hydrolysis of atp to adp p a barrier to the initiation of a reaction
The use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
Energy coupling happens when the electricity produced with the aid of one reaction or gadget is used to force another reaction or system. endergonic. Describing a response that absorbs power from its environment. exergonic: Describing a reaction that releases strength into its environment.
Energy coupling, by using definition, stands for the idea of coupling two organic reactions; which means energy generated from one reaction is used to power the second response. of the kind reactions or organic structures are coupled together or positioned into synchrony this way.
Energy coupling takes place whilst a response that releases energy is used to gas a response that calls for electricity to enter. The reaction that releases strength is called exergonic, and the response that takes in power is called endergonic. keep in mind, for instance, the sodium-potassium pump.
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which medical imaging technique do you find most interesting? why?
Answer:
Patrick De Potter, in Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology, 2007
Content
Information on the content of the lesion (cystic or solid; homogeneous or heterogeneous) can be obtained by both CT and MR imaging techniques. Both techniques also detect the presence of fluid–fluid or fluid–air levels. When lesion density is higher than that of the vitreous, CT images identify the lesion as solid. As wide range of tissue densities on CT scans or signal intensities on MR images relate to the internal architecture and the presence of proteinaceous or blood products, it is not always possible to differentiate a solid from a cystic orbital lesion. MRI images identify tissue compounds such as melanin, methemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, ferritin, and proteinaceous material. Punctate or conglomerate increased densities on CT scans or foci of signal void on MRI may be seen in trauma, vascular tumors, optic nerve sheath tumors (meningioma), epithelial lacrimal gland tumors, and malignant osseous tumors (osteosarcoma). In general, MR images provide more information about the content of the lesion and than do CT images. However, CT is best suited for the detection of calcification.
PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
B. Spore
Spores are unicellular, surrounded by layers of membrane to resist high temperatures, and other environmental factors.
Answer:
B. Spore
Explanation:
Spores are typically single-celled (haploid) and have thick walls so that they can resist high temperatures, humidity, and other environmental conditions.