In order to determine the quantity of labor demanded, the quantity of labor supplied, and the direction of pressure exerted on wages in the absence of any price controls, you must consider the wage rate in relation to the marginal cost of production and the willingness of labor to work.
If the wage rate is higher than the marginal cost of production, then there will be more demand for labor, since employers will be willing to pay more for labor, and this will lead to an increase in the quantity of labor supplied and an upward pressure on wages.
Conversely, if the wage rate is lower than the marginal cost of production, then there will be less demand for labor, since employers will not be willing to pay as much for labor, and this will lead to a decrease in the quantity of labor supplied and a downward pressure on wages.
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Use what you have learned about secured and unsecured loans to complete these sentences.
A loan that is associated with a valuable asset that can be taken by the lender is
.
Ray needs to get a new set of tires for her car, so she uses her credit card. If she does not pay her bills, there is no asset that can be seized. This means her loan is
.
Jack agrees to take out a mortgage. If he fails to make his payments, the bank may repossess his house, so his loan is
A loan that is associated with a valuable asset that can be taken by the lender is a secured loan.
Ray needs to get a new set of tires for her car, so she uses her credit card. If she does not pay her bills, there is no asset that can be seized. This means her loan is an unsecured loan.
Jack agrees to take out a mortgage. If he fails to make his payments, the bank may repossess his house, so his loan is a secured loan.
What is a Secured Loan?A secured loan is a type of loan in which the borrower pledges some form of collateral, such as a property, a car, or another valuable asset, as a guarantee that they will repay the loan. This means that if the borrower fails to make the payments on the loan as agreed, the lender can take possession of the collateral and sell it to recover their money.
Secured loans are usually available at lower interest rates than unsecured loans because they are considered less risky for lenders. This is because the lender has some form of security that they can use to recover their money in case the borrower defaults on the loan.
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Answer:
1. Secured
2. Unsecured
3. Secured
Explanation:
Edge 2023
You are asked to give a brief overview on some topic. Describe several advantages and disadvantages of presenting information with PowerPoint compared to simply speaking to your audience.
2) What are guidelines you might recommend for incorporating animations and sound in a PowerPoint slide show?
Choose a topic, write response, reply to one other student.
The advantages of presenting information with PowerPoint compared to simply speaking to your audience include:
- Easier for audiences to follow and absorb information
- Visual aids can help make complex topics more understandable
- Ability to save and reuse slides for future presentations
Disadvantages of PowerPoint presentations include:
- Visuals can be overwhelming and difficult to follow
- Too much text can be distracting and confusing
- Audiences can be easily disengaged if the presenter reads from slides instead of speaking directly to the audience
Regarding animations and sound in a PowerPoint slide show, here are a few guidelines to follow:
- Use animations and sound sparingly to keep the audience focused on your main points
- Choose animations that emphasize what you are saying
- Only use sound clips that are related to the content and relevant to your audience
- Test animations and sound before you present to make sure they work properly
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One of the best all-wheel-drive sports utility vehicles was developed by KIA Motors, Ltd. (KML) during the Covid-19 pandemic era in 2020. As part of the marketing campaign, KML produced a video tape sales presentation to distribute to both owners of current KML four-wheel-drive vehicles as well as to owners of four-wheel-drive sports utility vehicles offered by competitors; KML refers to these two target markets as the current customer market and the new customer market. Individuals who receive the new promotion video will also receive a coupon for a test drive of the new KML model for one weekend. A key factor in the success of the new promotion is the response rate, the percentage of individuals who receive the new promotion and test drive the new model. KML estimates that the response rate for the current customer market is 25% and the response rate for the new customer market is 20%. For the customers who test drive the new model, the sales rate is the percentage of individuals that make a purchase. Marketing research studies indicate that the sales rate is 12% for the current customer market and 20% for the new customer market. The cost for each promotion, excluding the test drive costs, is GH₵4 for each promotion sent to the current customer market and GH₵6 for each promotion sent to the new customer market. Management also specified that a minimum of 30,000 current customers should test drive the new model and a minimum of 10,000 new customers should test drive the new model. In addition, the number of current customers who test drive the new vehicle must be at least twice the number of new customers who test drive the new vehicle. If the marketing budget, excluding test drive costs, is GH₵ 1.2 million, how many promotions should be sent to each group of customers in order to maximize total sales. Given the above preamble, answer the following questions:
Formulate a linear programming model for KIA Motors Limited and determine the final values of their decision.
Transform the model into a standard form.
Solve the linear programming model graphically.
Advise KML management on the number of promotions they have to send to each group of customers in order to maximize total sales.
Solve the linear programming model by using excel and generate the excel output. Use the output to advice KML management on the decisions below.
Will KML’s decision to increase its budget by GH₵1000 change both the objective function and optimal solution? Justify
Will both the objection function and optimal solution change if KML’s management decides to decrease the number of current customers who should test drive to 3,000? Explain
Compute the sensitivity ranges for all constraints.
What is the dual value for budget? Explain.
The double incentive for financial plan is 0.012, and that implies that an extra GH₵1 spent on the spending plan will build the absolute deals by GH₵0.012. For each additional budget unit, this value denotes a slight increase in the objective function value.
What is Budget?A financial plan known as a budget outlines an individual's or an organization's anticipated monthly, quarterly, or annual income and expenses. Based on past financial performance, current economic conditions, and future goals, it is an estimate of future revenues and costs. Typically, budgets are created in advance and used to plan and manage financial resources.
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Match the term to the definition. common Employees are covered by workers' compensation if they are injured from the __________ of their employment. scope Insurance company that can provide workers' compensation coverage longshore Worker's compensation for lost __________ is usually paid at 80% negligence Worker who works for several different employers airline Carrier covered by special federal workers' compensation law vocational Percent of lost wages that workers' compensation usually pays eighty Industry that is governed by special federal compensation laws wages An employee must act within the __________ of employment to be covered by workers' compensation. private Rehabilitation that prepares an injured employee for a new field of employment risks Worker that is not subject to state workers' compensation laws casual This type of law imposes on employers the general duty to provide reasonably safe working conditions for employees
Answer: Your welcome!
Explanation:
Scope: The scope of employment refers to the duties and responsibilities of a job, and an employee must act within the scope of employment to be covered by workers' compensation.
Wages: Worker's compensation for lost wages is usually paid at 80%, meaning the employee is paid 80% of their lost wages.
Longshore: Longshore is an industry that is governed by special federal compensation laws.
Private: Private carrier is an insurance company that can provide workers' compensation coverage.
Casual: Casual worker is a worker who works for several different employers and is not subject to state workers' compensation laws.
Vocational: Vocational rehabilitation is a type of rehabilitation that prepares an injured employee for a new field of employment.
which type of culture reflects the integrity of decisions made and is a function of many factors, including corporate policies, top management's leadership on ethical issues, the influence of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior
The type of culture that reflects the integrity of decisions made and is a function of many factors, including corporate policies, top management's leadership on ethical issues, the influence of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior is ethical culture.
An ethical culture is one in which an organization's values and beliefs promote ethical behavior and enable it to make ethical decisions. Such a culture is critical to an organization's success because it helps to maintain and enhance its reputation and goodwill, fosters innovation and productivity, and creates a more harmonious and rewarding work environment.
Management plays a critical role in creating an ethical culture by modeling ethical behavior, setting ethical standards, and providing a framework for ethical decision-making. Leaders who practice ethical leadership motivate their subordinates to behave ethically as well. It is essential to establish corporate policies and procedures that reinforce ethical behavior.
The influence of co-workers is significant because employees learn by watching and emulating their colleagues' behavior. Factors such as the leadership style, organizational structure, reward and recognition programs, and the company's vision and values all play a role in shaping an organization's culture.
An ethical culture, therefore, reflects the integrity of decisions made and is a function of many factors, including corporate policies, top management's leadership on ethical issues, the influence of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior.
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Hailey Corporation pays a constant $9. 35 dividend on its stock. The company will maintain this dividend for the next 10 years and will then cease paying dividends forever. If the required return on this stock is 10 percent, what is the current share price
Define the four contemporary SR concepts, corporate sustainability, reputation management, social impact management, and triple bottom line (TBL)./8 points
Who is Milton Friedman? (b) In your own words, do you agree with his position on Corporate Social Responsibility? (c) Explain by using an example. 15 points
3. What is the World Economic Forum? Who is the founder? There is a divide in the opinion of people globally between those who believe in their mission for the world as in the "great reset", and those that see them as part of the elite, and therefore, do not represent the will of the people. Considering the current political and economic climate today what is your opinion? Do you believe they represent the good for the world as a whole, or as a political corrupt power organization? 110 points
4. Why do some corporations and their management oppose corporate social responsibility?
1. The four contemporary SR concepts are Corporate Sustainability, Reputation Management, Social Impact Management, and Triple Bottom Line (TBL).
2. Milton Friedman was an American economist who advocated for free market capitalism and free enterprise and had a strong belief in the ability of the markets to effectively regulate themselves.
3. The World Economic Forum is an international organization that engages political, business, and other leaders of society to shape global, regional, and industry agendas.
4. Some corporations and their management oppose Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as they believe it will cut into profits and resources.
Corporate Sustainability focuses on improving a company’s operations and processes in order to have a positive impact on the environment and society. Reputation Management involves maintaining and enhancing a company's reputation in the public and with stakeholders. Social Impact Management refers to managing a company’s contributions to society through activities such as philanthropy, volunteerism, and more. Lastly, the Triple Bottom Line is a term that stands for people, planet, and profits, and it is the approach of making sure a company considers all three in its decision-making.
Milton Friedman argued that corporations should not be responsible for any social responsibilities and should solely focus on their shareholders’ interests, as it is the role of the government to manage the social concerns of citizens. In my opinion, I do not agree with Friedman’s position on Corporate Social Responsibility as companies should be held accountable for their actions and should not ignore their obligations to their customers, workers, and the environment. For example, companies should have a strong code of ethics and responsible practices when it comes to using natural resources and employ good labor standards, as well as being socially responsible to the communities they are in.
The World Economic Forum was founded in 1971 by Professor Klaus Schwab. In my opinion, I believe the World Economic Forum does represent the good of the world as a whole. Through their mission for the “great reset”, they aim to create a more equitable world that takes into account the interests of all stakeholders, not just the elite. They focus on tackling global issues such as the climate crisis, health crisis, and digital divide in order to create an inclusive and resilient global economy.
Some management teams may feel that CSR detracts from their core business objectives and do not believe in it due to the lack of regulation and guidance from the government. Furthermore, there may also be a fear of miscommunication of messages and resources, as well as resistance from the shareholders who may not want to fund social responsibility initiatives.
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a company estimates that $1,000 of its accounts receivable is uncollectible at the end of the period and will make the following adjusting entry: (check all that apply). multiple select question. debit to bad debts expense for $1,000 debit to allowance for doubtful accounts no journal entry is made under the allowance method until specific accounts are determined to be uncollectible credit to allowance for doubtful accounts
The correct options are: Debit to Bad Debts Expense for $1,000. Credit to Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
What ia allowance method?When using the allowance method of accounting for bad debts, companies estimate the amount of accounts receivable that will be uncollectible and create an allowance for that amount. The adjusting entry to record this estimate typically includes a debit to Bad Debts Expense and a credit to Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.
Is alowance doubtful?A debit to the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts account would only be made if the company had previously established a credit balance in that account, and now needs to reduce it based on specific accounts being determined as uncollectible. However, the question does not provide any information to suggest that this is the case.
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a common tendency related to the overconfidence bias is that as managers and employees become more knowledgeable about an issue, they become more likely to display overconfidence. group of answer choices true false
The statement is generally true. Overconfidence bias refers to the tendency to overestimate one's abilities, knowledge, and predictions, leading to flawed decision-making.
As individuals acquire more knowledge on a particular topic, they may feel more confident in their abilities to make decisions and form opinions, leading to an increase in overconfidence bias. As people become more knowledgeable about a topic, they may start to think that they know more than they actually do. This is because they tend to focus on the information they know and disregard the information they don't know. Additionally, as people gain expertise in a field, they may feel more comfortable making decisions based on their intuition or previous experiences, which may not always be accurate or relevant. The overconfidence bias can be particularly problematic for managers and employees in decision-making roles. Overconfidence can lead to an underestimation of risks, overestimation of benefits, and a failure to consider alternative options or perspectives. Therefore, it is important to recognize the potential for overconfidence bias and take steps to mitigate it, such as seeking input from others, considering alternative viewpoints, and continually questioning assumptions.
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1. Read case "Columbia Corporation" on pp. 313-314 and answer questions at the end of the case
a. What issues must be resolved to create an effective executive team?
b. What types of changes are needed in how Walsh leads the team?
2. Read case "Costco" on pp. 345-346 and answer the questions at the end of the case.
a. Explain the success of Costco in terms of the three performance determinants in flexible leadership theory (adaptation, efficiency, and human capital).
b. What leadership behaviors and theories help to explain the strong influence of the CEO on the company and its continued success?
3. Four peer-reviewed sources minimum for the whole assignment.
In Columbia Corporation case, a. the issues that must be resolved to create an effective executive team are setting the tone for company's vision, fostering communication, and ensuring understanding of vision. b. The types of changes needed in way Walsh leads the team are improved communication and establish trust.
2. In Costco case, a. the success of Costco in terms of the three performance determinants in flexible leadership theory involved significant changes over time, more cost-effective approach, and employees considered asset. b. The leadership behaviors and theories which can help explain the strong influence of the CEO on the company and its continued success are transformational leadership, servant leadership, and situational leadership,
1. a. There are several issues that must be resolved to create an effective executive team in Columbia Corporation. They are:
The new CEO must set the tone for the company's vision and direction by making it clear and communicating it effectively to everyone in the company.To foster better communication, a team-building exercise should be conducted. To ensure that everyone is on the same page and has the same understanding of the vision and direction of the company, the CEO should hold a team-building exercise.b. In the case of Columbia Corporation, the following changes are required in how Walsh leads the team:
Effective communication between team members and the CEO needs to be improved in order to create a more efficient working environment.It is necessary to establish trust between the CEO and the team members in order to create a cohesive team.2. The success of Costco can be explained by the following three performance determinants in flexible leadership theory:
Adaptation: Costco has made significant changes over time, such as expanding its offerings to include additional items, such as organic products, in response to changes in consumer preferences.Efficiency: By taking a more cost-effective approach, the company has been able to maintain low prices while still providing good customer service.Human Capital: In Costco, employees are treated as an important asset, and the company has been able to maintain a high level of employee satisfaction by offering fair compensation and benefits, which has resulted in reduced employee turnover and increased productivity.b. The following leadership behaviors and theories help to explain the strong influence of the CEO on the company and its continued success:
Transformational leadership: Costco's CEO, Jim Sinegal, has been able to inspire and motivate employees by setting a good example and focusing on creating a strong culture of customer service and employee satisfaction.Servant leadership: Costco's CEO has always been focused on putting the interests of customers and employees first, rather than maximizing profits. This philosophy has helped the company to maintain a loyal customer base and attract talented employees.Situational leadership: Costco's CEO has been able to adapt his leadership style to fit the needs of different situations. He has been able to provide clear direction and support to employees when necessary while also giving them the freedom to make their own decisions.Learn more about Transformational leadership:
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explain 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages of chain of command when
meeting the aims on organisation
2 advantages of chain of command are decision-making is facilitated and a clear chain of command leads. 2 the disadvantages are prone to miscommunication and it takes time to pass down orders.
The chain of command is a hierarchical structure that determines the flow of power and authority in an organization. The question asks about the advantages and disadvantages of the chain of command when meeting organizational objectives.
Advantages of chain command are the decision-making is facilitated because it is delegated to various levels of management, and each level knows what is required of them. This helps to reduce delays and the workload of the highest management level. A clear chain of command leads to an orderly structure, allowing for better communication, more efficient performance, and a higher level of discipline. Communication is structured in such a way that information flows up the chain of command to decision-makers. This helps to make decisions quickly and helps maintain discipline in the organization.
Disadvantages of chain command are it's prone to miscommunication. Communication might be distorted or slowed, with orders being misinterpreted or delayed as they pass up or down the chain of command. As a result, the organization's goals may be postponed or lost. Delay is a disadvantage of the chain of command since it takes time to pass down orders and receive feedback. The slow flow of information may delay action or decision-making, causing the organization to miss opportunities or to be left behind the competition.
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Assume that a company is considering purchasing a machine for $50,000 that will have a five-year useful life and a $5,000 salvage value. The machine will lower operating costs by $18,000 per year. The company's required rate of return is 19%. The net present value of this investment is closest to: Click here to view Exhibit 12B-1 and Exhibit 12B-2, to determine the appropriate discount factor(s) using the tables provided. Multiple Choice $5.044 $9,529. $20.589 $7,139
Using the discount factor(s) provided in Exhibit 12B-1 and Exhibit 12B-2, the net present value of the proposed investment is closest to $7,139.
Using the discount factor(s) provided in Exhibit 12B-1 and Exhibit 12B-2, the net present value of the proposed investment is closest to $7,139. The net present value of this investment is closest to $7,139.Assume that a company is considering purchasing a machine for $50,000 that will have a five-year useful life and a $5,000 salvage value.
The machine will lower operating costs by $18,000 per year. The company's required rate of return is 19%.The formula for calculating net present value is as follows:
[tex]NPV = -Cost + (CF / (1 + r) ^ n)[/tex].
[tex]NPV = -50,000 + 18,000 / (1 + 0.19) + 18,000 / (1 + 0.19)2 + 18,000 / (1 + 0.19)3 + 18,000 / (1 + 0.19)4 + (18,000 + 5,000) / (1 + 0.19)5NPV \\\\NPV = $7,139.35[/tex]
Hence, the net present value of this investment is closest to $7,139.
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bonds are collateralized securities with first claims in the event of bankruptcy. a. subordinated debentures b. senior mortgage bonds c. debentures
Bonds which are collateralized securities with first claims in the event of bankruptcy are Subordinated debentures. The correct option is a) Subordinated Debentures.
A bond is a fixed-income security that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower (usually corporate or governmental). A bond is a loan in which a large sum of money is lent to an individual or organization that pays back a fixed interest rate for a specified period of time, normally years. A collateralized security is a bond, note, or another debt security that is backed by an asset or a pool of assets. The collateral that backs the security is pledged as collateral and may be seized by the creditor in the event of default on the underlying debt.
Bonds are divided into categories based on their financial backing, including secured bonds, which are backed by collateral, and unsecured bonds, which are not backed by collateral. Here, the collateralized bonds are mentioned. Subordinated debentures are a type of bond that is unsecured and subordinate to the claims of secured lenders or bondholders in the event of bankruptcy. In the event of default, they are paid after senior debt has been paid. They're higher-risk, higher-yield investments that often come with an equity kicker, such as an option or a warrant.
Here, Subordinated Debentures are the bonds that are mentioned with respect to being collateralized securities with first claims in the event of bankruptcy. Hence, option A) is the correct option.
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Continent Ltd acquired a 40% interest in Island Ltd in which it invested $165 000 on 1 July 2019. Continent Ltd has signed a joint venture agreement with the other investors in Island Ltd providing joint control to all investors. The share capital, reserves and retained earnings of Island Ltd at the investment date and at 30 June 2020 were as follows:
1st July 2019 30 June 2020
Share capital 300000 300000
Asset revaluation surplus 100000
General reserve 15000
Retained earnings 100000 109000
At 1 July 2019, all the identifiable assets and liabilities of Island Ltd were recorded at amounts equal to their fair values.
The following is applicable to Island Ltd for the year to 30 June 2020:
(a) Profit (after income tax expense of $11 000): $39 000;
(b) Increase in reserves:
• General (transferred from retained earnings): $15 000;
• Asset revaluation (revaluation of freehold land and buildings at 30 June 2020): $100 000;
(c) Dividends paid to shareholders: $15 000.
Continent Ltd does not prepare consolidated financial statements.
Required:
Prepare the journal entries in the records of Continent Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2020 in relation to its investment in the joint venture, Island Ltd.
End of Examination
The journal entries of Continent Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2020 in relation to its investment in the joint venture, Island Ltd is:
1. 1 July 2019: Dr Investment in Island Ltd 66,000 Cr Cash (165,000),
2. 30 June 2020: Dr Investment in Island Ltd 26,400 Cr Equity in Island Ltd's earnings 15,600,
3. 30 June 2020: Dr Equity in Island Ltd's earnings 6,000 Cr Investment in Island Ltd 6,000,
4. 30 June 2020 Dr Investment in Island Ltd 40,000, Cr Equity in Island Ltd's earnings 40,000,
5. 30 June 2020: Dr Equity in Island Ltd's earnings 6,000 Cr Investment in Island Ltd 6,000.
The journal entries in the records of Continent Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2020 in relation to its investment in the joint venture, Island Ltd, are as follows:
1. On 1 July 2019, to record the acquisition of 40% interest in Island Ltd:
Debit: Investment in Island Ltd (165,000 x 40%) = 66,000
Credit: Cash (165,000)
2. On 30 June 2020, to record the equity in Island Ltd's earnings:
Debit: Investment in Island Ltd (66,000 x 40%) = 26,400
Credit: Equity in Island Ltd's earnings (39,000 x 40%) = 15,600
3. On 30 June 2020, to record the increase in general reserve:
Debit: Equity in Island Ltd's earnings (15,000 x 40%) = 6,000
Credit: Investment in Island Ltd (15,000 x 40%) = 6,000
4. On 30 June 2020, to record the increase in asset revaluation surplus:
Debit: Investment in Island Ltd (100,000 x 40%) = 40,000
Credit: Equity in Island Ltd's earnings (100,000 x 40%) = 40,000
5. On 30 June 2020, to record the dividends paid to shareholders:
Debit: Equity in Island Ltd's earnings (15,000 x 40%) = 6,000
Credit: Investment in Island Ltd (15,000 x 40%) = 6,000
These are the journal entries in the records of Continent Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2020 in relation to its investment in the joint venture, Island Ltd.
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Question 5 of 10
You are a struggling song writer. You hear a group on the radio singing a song
that you wrote with a friend who is now managing the band. You want to
make sure you are not cheated out of your creative work. You have tried to
talk to the band but they won't respond. What writ would effectively stop the
band from earning income on that song until the problem is remedied?
A. A restraining order
B. A permanent injunction
O
C. Punitive damages
O D. A mandatory injunction
In the following question, among the given options, B." A permanent injunction" writ would effectively stop the band from earning income on that song until the problem is remedied
The writ that would effectively stop the band from earning income on the song until the issue is remedied is a "temporary restraining order" or "preliminary injunction". This is a court order that prohibits the band from using the song until the dispute is resolved. It is a temporary solution that is granted until a final decision is made by the court. A permanent injunction would be a more long-term solution, but it is not the appropriate remedy at this stage of the dispute. Punitive damages and mandatory injunctions are not applicable in this situation.
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Question 3 Q3.1 Briefly explain each step of developing a
contingency plan. Q3.2 List what contingency plans may include.
Contingency plans may include various elements such as emergency procedures, communication plans, evacuation plans, disaster recovery plans, and financial plans. The specific contents of a contingency plan will depend on the organization's needs and the risks it faces.
To develop a contingency plan, there are typically several steps to follow. The following is a general overview of these steps:
Identify potential risks: The first step is to identify potential risks and hazards that could negatively impact the organization. This includes assessing internal and external factors that could be disruptive.Plan for each potential risk: Once all potential risks have been identified, develop plans for each one. This may involve developing separate contingency plans or combining them into a comprehensive plan.Identify and train a response team: Identify and train a team of people who are responsible for implementing the contingency plan. They should be well-versed in the plan and able to perform their duties quickly and effectively.Test the plan regularly: A contingency plan must be tested regularly to ensure it will work as intended. Testing should involve a simulated disaster scenario and assess the response team's ability to execute the plan.Update the plan: The final step is to review and update the contingency plan on a regular basis. This is necessary as the organization and its environment evolve over time.Contingency plans may include various elements such as emergency procedures, communication plans, evacuation plans, disaster recovery plans, and financial plans. The specific contents of a contingency plan will depend on the organization's needs and the risks it faces.
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VAT is currently calculated at 15%
VAT included price is R 3450. Calculate the price before VAT was added.
If the Value Added Tax (VAT) is currently 15% and VAT includeding the price is R 3450, then the price before the VAT is calculated to be R 3000.
To calculate the price before VAT was added, we need to reverse the VAT calculation. Since the VAT is currently calculated at 15%, we can find the original price by dividing the VAT included price by 1.15 (or multiplying by 100/115).
So, the price before VAT was added can be calculated as:
Price before VAT = VAT included price / (1 + VAT rate)
Price before VAT = 3450 / (1 + 0.15)
Price before VAT = 3000
Therefore, the price before VAT was added was R 3000.
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Question 2 "Reverse logistics is not simply a matter of driving the truck the opposite way". It involves a range of activities, from handling of returned merchandise to disposition of hazardous materials. Using local and regional examples, discuss the role played by five key reverse logistics activities that you have studied. [25 marks]
The five key reverse logistics activities and their role in the process:
Product Returns Management, for example, in the US.Remanufacturing and Refurbishing, for instance, in India.Waste Disposal and Recycling, for example, in the UK.Asset Recovery and Remarketing, For instance, in South Africa.Transportation and Logistics, For example, in Australia.Explanation of the five key activities of reverse logistics:
1- Product Returns Management: Product returns management is the process of handling returned merchandise from customers. It includes the activities of receiving, evaluating, repairing, refurbishing, recycling, or disposing of the returned items.
For example, in the US, Walmart has an efficient product returns management system in place, which helps it to reduce costs associated with returned merchandise. The company has a dedicated online portal for handling returns, which allows customers to easily return products they purchased online or in-store.2- Remanufacturing and Refurbishing: Remanufacturing and refurbishing are processes used to extend the life of returned or used products.
For instance, in India, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (M&M) has a remanufacturing program for used auto parts, where they disassemble used parts, clean and repair them, and reuse them in manufacturing.3- Waste Disposal and Recycling: Waste disposal and recycling are important activities in reverse logistics as they help to reduce the environmental impact of returned or unused products. Waste disposal involves the proper disposal of hazardous or non-hazardous waste, while recycling involves the recovery of materials from waste products for reuse.
For example, in the UK, Tesco has a comprehensive recycling program in place, where it recycles cardboard, plastics, metals, and other materials.4- Asset Recovery and Remarketing: Asset recovery and remarketing involve the reselling or redeployment of returned or used products. It can help companies recoup some of the value of the returned or used products.
For instance, in South Africa, Vodacom has an asset recovery program in place, where it collects used or outdated mobile phones and other electronic devices, refurbishes them, and sells them in emerging markets at a reduced price.5- Transportation and Logistics: Reverse logistics also involves transportation and logistics activities such as pickup, delivery, and warehousing.
For example, in Australia, Toll Group has a reverse logistics program in place, which includes a range of transportation and logistics services for the handling of returned products. The company provides pickup services, warehousing, and delivery services to ensure that returned products are handled efficiently and cost-effectively.Learn more about Reverse logistics:
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A $1,000 face value, 240-day money market instrument is quoted
at a discount yield of 3.3 percent. What is its current price?
Enter the answer in $ accurate to two decimal places. Just enter a
number
Answer : The current price of the $1,000 face value, 240-day money market instrument quoted at a discount yield of 3.3 percent is $969.61.
The formula for calculating the Current Price of the money market instrument is = Face Value x (1 - Discount Yield x (Time to Maturity/365)) To calculate the current price, you need to use the following formula: Face value = $1,000, Discount yield = 3.3%, Time period (T) = 240 days Formula:
Discount Yield = (Face Value - Current Price) / (Face Value)Current Price = Face Value - (Discount Yield * Face Value * T/360) = 1000 - (3.3% * 1000 * 240/360) = 1000 - (3.3% * 666.67) = 1000 - 22 = $978.00
The current price of the money market instrument is $978.00. This value will remain constant if there is no change in rate and time period, upon changing of which the current value will get affected.
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e) Using the equilibrium c* from (d) and the results of (a) and (b), write down the equation for the equilibrium land rent function. What is the rent per square block at the CBD (x = 0) and at the edge of the city? Graph the land rent function. How much does a household living at the edge of the city spend on commuting? f) Suppose that the population of the city grows to 255,000. Repeat parts (c), (d), and (e) for this case (but don't repeat the calculation involving c* = 15.5). Explain your findings. What can you say about the impact of population growth on the utility level of people in the city? The answer comes from looking at the change in c* (since housing consumption is fixed at 1500 square feet, the utility change can be inferred by simply looking at the change in bread consumption). Note that because they're fixed, housing consumption doesn't fall and building heights don't rise as population increases, as happened in the model in Chapter 2. Are the effects on rand x the same? g) Now suppose that population is back at 200,000 (as in part (c) but that rA rises to 3 (that is, farmers now offer $3000 rent per square block). Note that, unlike in the lectures, the x value can't change as rA rises (what is the reason?). Repeat parts (d), (e) for this case. Compare your answers to those in part (f). h) Now suppose that instead of being located on a flat featureless plain, the CBD is located on the ocean (where the coast is perfectly straight). This means that only a half-circle of land around the CBD is available for housing. How large must the radius of this half-circle be to fit the population of 200,000 residents? Using your answer, repeat parts (d) and (e), assuming that all parameters are back at their original values. Are people in this coastal city better or worse off than people in the inland city of parts (c) and (d)? (Assume unrealistically that people don't value the beach!) Can you give an intuitive explanation for your answer? (25-c*-.01x) a. c* + 1500p = 25 –.01x, or p = 1500 As x increases, p will decrease b. 15000p – 90 - r = 0, then it becomes r = 15000p - 16000 [(25-c*-.01x)]_ 90, plug in p value from part a so, 15000/- 1500 90, then that becomes, 160 – 10c* - .01x c. 10x2 > 200000, solve for x bar and you get x > 79.99 d. Plug in 15.5 for c* and set 160 – 10c* - .01x = 2, then solve for x, then x = 30, For the city to be at least 80 blocks in radius, c* must be < 15
The graph of the land rent function will be a downward sloping line, with 160 - 10c* as the y-intercept and 80 as x-intercept. The effects on r and x will be the same. If the CBD is located on the ocean, the equation for x will change to 5x2 > 200000, and the new x value will be x > 100.
e) The equilibrium land rent function can be written as r = 160 - 10c* - .01x. At the CBD (x = 0), the rent per square block is 160 - 10c*. At the edge of the city (x = 80), the rent per square block is 160 - 10c* - .8. The graph of the land rent function will be a downward sloping line, with the y-intercept at 160 - 10c* and the x-intercept at 80. A household living at the edge of the city will spend .01x or .8 on commuting.
f) If the population of the city grows to 255,000, the equation for x will change to 10x2 > 255000, and the new x value will be x > 100.74. The new equation for the equilibrium land rent function will be r = 160 - 10c* - .01x. The rent per square block at the CBD will still be 160 - 10c*, but the rent at the edge of the city will be 160 - 10c* - 1.0074.
The impact of population growth on the utility level of people in the city will be a decrease in c*, as there will be less bread consumption due to the increase in population. The effects on r and x will be the same, as r will decrease and x will increase with population growth.
g) If rA rises to 3, the equation for the equilibrium land rent function will change to r = 160 - 10c* - .01x + 3. The rent per square block at the CBD will be 163 - 10c*, and the rent at the edge of the city will be 163 - 10c* - .8.
The x value will not change as rA rises, because the x value is determined by the population and the size of the city, not by the rent offered by farmers.
h) If the CBD is located on the ocean, the equation for x will change to 5x2 > 200000, and the new x value will be x > 100. The new equation for the equilibrium land rent function will be r = 160 - 10c* - .01x. The rent per square block at the CBD will still be 160 - 10c*, but the rent at the edge of the city will be 160 - 10c* - 1.
People in this coastal city will be worse off than people in the inland city, because the radius of the city will be larger and the rent at the edge of the city will be higher. The intuitive explanation for this is that there is less land available for housing in the coastal city, so the demand for land will be higher and the rent will be higher.
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how are a company's organizational capabilities developed and enabled? multiple choice by strengthening the traditions that company executives are committed to maintaining through deployment of a company's resources or some combination of its resources by talking openly about the problems of the present company and determining how new behaviors will improve performance by shifting from decentralized to centralized decision making by urging company personnel to search outside the company for work practices and operating approaches that may be an improvement over what the company is presently doing
The organizational capabilities of a company can be developed and enabled in multiple ways, such as strengthening traditions, deploying resources, open communication about problems, and centralized decision-making.
Strengthening traditions means encouraging the company to uphold existing practices, while deploying resources can involve directing personnel and other resources to different areas.
Open communication encourages employees to express their opinions and suggest solutions, while centralized decision-making shifts the power to make decisions to a single person or team.
Additionally, it is also possible to look outside the company for successful work practices that can be adopted.
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when looking at a graph, producer surplus is depicted by the area group of answer choices above market price and below the supply curve. above market price and below the demand curve. below market price and above the supply curve. above the demand curve and below the supply curve. between the supply curve and the demand curve.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C: below market price and above the supply curve.
Producer surplus refers to the extra return that a producer receives when they sell a commodity at a price higher than the least amount they are ready to sell it for. Producer surplus is an important financial metric since it allows a company to compute the additional return it may expect to receive from the sale of additional units of its goods.In other words, the difference between the market price of a commodity and the least amount the seller is willing to sell it for is known as producer surplus.The graph of producer surplus represents the total amount that producers benefit from producing and selling goods at a given price.
It is calculated as the area between the supply curve and the market price.The area above the supply curve but below the market price on a graph represents producer surplus.The area between the supply and demand curves in the region where the quantity supplied is higher than the quantity demanded is also a producer surplus. However, since the supply and demand curves intersect, it is commonly assumed that the producer surplus is limited to the area above the supply curve but below the market price.The producer surplus curve on a graph is convex in shape, which means that the marginal producer surplus, or the extra producer surplus gained from selling one more unit, reduces as the quantity sold rises.
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1. When is it a good idea to build in a worksheet data entry validation as you develop a worksheet?
2. What are the advantages of using the Solver tool instead of the trial and error method to solve a problem? 3
3. What is the purpose of the Solver Answer Report?
1. It is always a good idea to build in worksheet data entry validation as you develop a worksheet to ensure accuracy. 2. The advantages of using the Solver tool are efficiency, and accuracy of solutions quickly. 3. The Solver Answer Report displays the results of the Solver's calculations and provides a summary of the problem that was solved.
Worksheet data entry validation is the process of limiting the input in a cell to specific data types, values, or formulas. It helps prevent errors and maintain data accuracy. It is a good idea to build in worksheet data entry validation as you develop a worksheet. The validation can include criteria such as data type, data range, data format, and other parameters that the user must adhere to when entering data into the worksheet.
The Solver tool is used to solve optimization problems in Excel. The Solver tool is useful for finding the optimal solution to a problem, based on certain criteria and constraints. It is preferable to the trial and error method because it is more efficient, and can find an accurate solution more quickly. The Solver tool can be used to solve a variety of problems, including those involving linear programming and integer programming. The advantages of using the Solver tool are:
1. You don’t have to guess the right answer.
2. It saves time
3. It is more accurate.
The Solver Answer Report is used to view the solution obtained by the Solver in terms of the variable cells and the constraints that the solution satisfied. It provides useful information that can help with further analysis and decision-making.
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Two alternative pieces of municipal solid waste bailing equipment are being considered for a project with a design life of 12 yr. Alternative 1 has a capital cost of $9600, zero salvage value, and a first-year annual operating cost of $1340. Alternative 2 has a capital cost of $11,400, zero salvage value, and a first-year annual operating cost of $820. Operating costs increase annually at $33. 50 for Alternative 1 and $20. 50 for Alternative 2 against an inflation rate of 3. 2%. Because of manufacturer incentives, Alternative 1 can be financed at 5. 2% instead of the usual rate of 6. 5% applied to Alternative 2. Which alternative offers the least cost over the project term
Alternative 2 offers the least cost over the project term because it offers the saving of $1,600 over the project term and has higher capital cost. Therefore the best offers is alternative 2.
Alternative 2 offers the least cost over the project term. It has a higher capital cost, but lower operating costs and does not require a higher interest rate.
The total cost of Alternative 1 over the project term is
$9600 + ($1340 x 12) + (1.032^11 x 33.50)
= $14,000.
The total cost of Alternative 2 over the project term is
$11400 + ($820 x 12) + (1.032^11 x 20.50)
= $12,400.
Therefore, Alternative 2 offers a savings of $1,600 over the project term.
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Frank, age 63, and Linda, age 65, are retired and each have an income of approximately $100,000. The bulk of Linda’s income comes from her defined benefit pension plan (DBPP), CPP and OAS, while Frank’s income consists primarily of CPP, and RRIF and TFSA withdrawals. The couple have approached you for advice regarding income splitting opportunities. How should you advise them?
a. Linda can reduce her OAS clawback by splitting her pension with Frank
b. Frank can split only his RRIF withdrawals but not his TFSA withdrawals with Linda
c. Frank and Linda should not split their incomes as they are already in the same marginal tax rate
d. If Linda elects to split her pension with Frank, the split must be 50/50
I should advise them with: Linda can reduce her OAS clawback by splitting her pension with Frank. (The correct answer is A).
According to the information given in the question, Frank, who is 63 years old, receives most of his income from the Canada Pension Plan (CPP), as well as from his Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) and Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA) withdrawals. On the other hand, Linda, who is 65 years old, receives the majority of her income from her Defined Benefit Pension Plan (DBPP), Canada Pension Plan (CPP), and Old Age Security (OAS).
What is Income Splitting? The Canadian Income Tax Act permits couples to split their pension income between spouses for tax purposes. In simple terms, pension income splitting refers to the transfer of a portion of a spouse's pension income to their spouse for tax purposes. As a result, one spouse may be able to reduce their taxable income, resulting in a lower tax liability.
Linda can lower her Old Age Security clawback (OAS) by splitting her DBPP with Frank since her income is predominantly pension-based. What is the Old Age Security Clawback? The OAS clawback is a tax on seniors whose incomes are above a certain threshold. The OAS is subject to a clawback if the recipient's net income exceeds $79,054 in 2020.
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How can Combining both quantitative and qualitative provide a
more complete understanding of a business problem
Combining both quantitative and qualitative data can provide a more complete understanding of a business problem because they provide different types of information that can complement each others.
Quantitative research is based on numerical data and statistical analysis, while qualitative research is based on non-numerical data and interpretive analysis. Combining the two can provide a more comprehensive understanding of a business problem because they provide different types of information that can complement each other. For example, if a business wants to understand customer satisfaction with a new product, quantitative data could be collected through a survey that measures satisfaction on a scale of 1-5. This data could then be analyzed statistically to determine the average satisfaction score, as well as any patterns or trends in the data.
However, this type of data does not provide any insights into why customers are satisfied or dissatisfied. Qualitative data could be collected through open-ended questions that ask customers to explain their feelings about the product. This data could then be analyzed for themes or patterns to gain insights into why customers feel the way they do. By combining both types of data, a business can gain a more complete understanding of the problem and make more informed decisions.
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3. (Rate with LGD, risk-averse lender) Assume a bank can invest in a government bonds at a risk-free rate of 6%. Alternatively, it can invest in a corporate bond with a default probability of 5.2%. If the issuer defaults, the bank expects to recover 71.8% of the investment. A risk-averse bank that requires an additional premium of 2.2% as a result of risk aversion would be indifferent between investing in the government bond and the corporate bond if the corporate bond offers a rate or
A risk-averse bank would be indifferent between investing in the government bond and the corporate bond if the corporate bond offers a rate of 11.31%.
The formula used to calculate the rate of corporate bond is
Rate with LGD = Risk-free rate + Default risk premium * (1 – LGD)
Rate with LGD = Risk-free rate + Default risk premium * (1 – LGD)
Where Risk-free rate = 6%, Default risk premium = 5.2% + 2.2% = 7.4% (as bank is risk-averse)
LGD = 1 – 71.8% = 28.2%
Putting the given values in the above formula,
Rate with LGD = 6% + 7.4% * (1 – 28.2%)= 6% + 7.4% * 71.8%
Rate with LGD = 6% + 5.31212%
Rate with LGD = 11.31212%
Thus, the rate of corporate bond at which a risk-averse bank would be indifferent between investing in the government bond and the corporate bond is approximately 11.31%.
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A firm that wants to implement a strategy of responsiveness
(such as amazon prime) should focus on
a. Shortening their processing times
b. Keeping costs as low as possible
c. Increasing their production volume
d. Developing a superior quality control department
A firm that wants to implement a strategy of responsiveness (such as Amazon Prime) should focus on a. shortening their processing times.
Responsiveness strategy is a tactical approach that a firm takes to provide consumers with prompt delivery, high-quality service, and customised products. A firm that offers goods and services that can be customised to meet the customer's individual needs is one that responds to consumer needs. The company's responsiveness strategy is critical to meeting customer needs, especially in today's fast-paced business environment, as it guarantees that consumers receive the correct items at the correct time. Customers can build loyalty, promote word-of-mouth advertising, and choose your company over your competitors if your responsiveness strategy works. The tactics used in a responsiveness strategy may vary depending on the company and the market.
Shortening processing times means that a firm reduces the time required to complete a task. In the context of Amazon Prime, this means that Amazon will shorten delivery times to meet customer needs, provide fast service, and ensure timely delivery. To achieve this, Amazon will utilise innovative logistics, such as drones or autonomous vehicles, which will allow them to shorten delivery times to as little as an hour in some areas. A firm that wants to implement a strategy of responsiveness (such as Amazon Prime) should focus on shortening their processing times.
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Describe the role of a leader in the process of team
development in an organization
A leader plays a crucial role in the process of team development in an organization as he or she is responsible for establishing a vision for the team, creating an environment of collaboration and cooperation, and empowering team members to work together towards a common goal.
The leader is also responsible for managing the team's performance, providing feedback and coaching to help team members improve, and facilitating communication and problem-solving among team members. In addition, the leader must ensure that the team is working effectively and efficiently, and that all team members are motivated and committed to achieving the team's goals.
Overall, the leader plays a critical role in the success of the team and the organization as a whole.
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Impact Health, Inc. provides the healthcare industry’s best-in-class integrated digital consumer engagement and activation platform. It enables providers, employers, and payers to positively influence consumer decision making and health behaviors well beyond the physical care setting with better service and multichannel engagement.
The system has to be operated on a large scale, cater the analytical needs for different stakeholders and ingest data from heterogeneous data sources. Influence Health wants to build an advanced BI system (also known as decision support system) to tackle the challenges.
(a) Propose ONE analytical solution in such decision support system that would help Influence Health, Inc. Describe the business goal and the key problem statement of the proposed analytical solution. Briefly explain how the analytical solution can drive better performance for Influence Health, Inc. (10 marks)
(b) Data warehouse is part of the proposed solution which centralizes and integrates all data related to the business. However, setting up one centralized data warehouse only is not ideal to cater the analytical needs from different users. Propose a solution to tackle such problem and justify your answer. (5 marks)
(c) The implementation cost of the proposed solution is expensive. Discuss your approach to pitch the solution to the senior stakeholders in Impact Health, Inc. (10 marks)
The four main parties involved in healthcare are patients, providers, payors, and policymakers. Industry, regulators, the research community, and the media are also significant.
A problem statement for business objectives is what?
A problem statement outlines the issue a firm is facing as well as the proposed course of action. Typically, the idea behind starting a business is to address consumer problems. The formulation of a product vision can be understood as beginning with a problem description.
What do data warehouses provide as their primary function?
A data warehouse is a central collection of data that can be examined to aid in the development of better judgments. A data warehouse receives regular data submissions from relational databases, transactional systems, and other sources.
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