Based on the information presented in Chapter 11 of the PowerPoint, the "Direct Supervision Model" seems best suited to addressing the challenges of running a prison in today's environment.
The Direct Supervision Model involves placing correctional officers in direct contact with inmates in a centralized unit, rather than relying on remote surveillance or physical barriers to maintain control. This model has been shown to reduce violence and disorder in prisons, as well as increase staff and inmate safety.
Moreover, the Direct Supervision Model can help address the issue of increased inmate access to the outside world through cellphones, as correctional officers are in direct contact with inmates and can more effectively monitor their behavior and communications.
In addition, the Direct Supervision Model can also help reduce corrections budgets by minimizing the need for costly physical barriers and remote surveillance systems. Instead, this model focuses on the direct interaction between correctional officers and inmates, which can improve outcomes and reduce costs in the long run.
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in the case study of moon v st thomas hospital, which actions by the nurse contributed to the nursing malpractice award?
In the case study of Moon v St Thomas Hospital, the following actions by the nurse contributed to the nursing malpractice award:
Failure to use aseptic technique. The nurse failed to use aseptic technique while carrying out the procedures, which led to the patient's infection.
Failure to manage a high-risk patient. The patient was at high risk for developing bedsores, but the nurse failed to take adequate measures to prevent the development of bedsores.
Failure to document appropriately. The nurse failed to document the patient's condition and the procedures carried out, which is a violation of the standard of care.
Failure to monitor the patient's condition. The nurse failed to monitor the patient's condition, which led to a delay in recognizing the patient's deteriorating condition and providing timely intervention.
All of these actions contributed to the nursing malpractice award in the case study of Moon v St Thomas Hospital.
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Most criminal cases end in a plea bargain, not in a criminal trial. Express your views on plea bargaining. Discuss whether you believe that this system is
a good alternate to a trial where a jury would decide the fate of the defendant or whether you believe plea bargaining undermines the criminal justice
system.
Plea bargaining is a process in which a defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge or to a reduced sentence in exchange for a plea deal offered by the prosecution. This system is prevalent in the criminal justice systems of many countries, including the United States.
What is the fact about Plea bargaining ?Proponents of plea bargaining argue that it can reduce the burden on courts and save taxpayers' money. It can also help to expedite the resolution of cases, reduce the risk of wrongful convictions, and provide closure to victims and their families.
Opponents of plea bargaining argue that it can incentivize prosecutors to seek convictions at any cost, even if it means coercing defendants into pleading guilty. It can also perpetuate systemic inequalities, as defendants who cannot afford to go to trial may feel compelled to accept a plea deal, even if they are innocent. Additionally, it can lead to disparities in sentencing, as plea deals may be offered more frequently to some defendants than others.
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2001 terrorist attack ? 1. Why it was considered terror 2. The motives (reason) of the responsible group and the individual involved (who did it ). Date and nature of the attack
What group was behind the attack, or inspired the attack
A detailed description of the political, social or religious objectives that motivates the group
A detailed description of the group's leader and individuals that carried out the attack
Description as to how the attack unfolded
Answer:
Explanation:
The 2001 terrorist attack refers to the coordinated series of attacks carried out by the terrorist group al-Qaeda on September 11, 2001. The attacks involved four hijacked planes, two of which were flown into the World Trade Center towers in New York City, one into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and one crashed in a field in Pennsylvania after passengers attempted to retake control of the plane from the hijackers.
The attacks were considered terror because they were intended to cause mass destruction and fear among the population, with the aim of advancing the political and religious objectives of the group responsible.
The motives of the responsible group, al-Qaeda, were to strike a blow against the United States, whom they saw as an enemy of Islam, and to advance their ultimate goal of establishing a global caliphate under Sharia law.
The group's leader was Osama bin Laden, a Saudi Arabian extremist who had previously fought against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan during the 1980s. Bin Laden founded al-Qaeda in the late 1980s with the aim of waging a global jihad against non-Muslim powers, particularly the United States.
The individuals who carried out the attacks were primarily Saudi Arabian citizens who had been trained and indoctrinated by al-Qaeda. The hijackers were led by Mohamed Atta, an Egyptian national who had become radicalized while studying in Germany.
The attack was carried out in a coordinated manner, with the hijackers taking control of the planes using box cutters and other weapons, and then steering them towards their intended targets. The attack on the World Trade Center towers involved the use of passenger planes as missiles, causing both towers to collapse and resulting in the deaths of nearly 3,000 people. The attack on the Pentagon resulted in significant damage to the building, and the crash in Pennsylvania prevented the hijackers from reaching their intended target, believed to be either the White House or the U.S. Capitol building.
17. In Williams v. NC (1942), why did NC not accept the Williams' NV marriage? *
(1 Point)
the Williams were not bona fide NC residents
the Williams were not bona fide NV residents
the Williams committed the crime of bigamous cohabitation in NV
all of the above
In Williams v. NC (1942), the NC did not accept the Williams' NV marriage because the Williams were not bona fide NC residents. The Option A is correct.
What was the ruling in Williams v. NC (1942)?Williams v. North Carolina is a case decided by the United States Supreme Court in which the Court determined that the federal government determines marriage and divorce statuses across state lines. Mr. Williams and Ms. Hendrix relocated to Nevada and divorced their respective spouses.
Mr. Williams and Ms. Hendrix married and returned to North Carolina after their divorces were finalized. They lived there together until they were charged with bigamous cohabitation by the state of North Carolina.
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how long minimum amount of time you can have your probationary license?
Answer: 6 months
Explanation:
the best statement of the test applied in determining if a defendant was the proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries is:
Answer:
Explanation:
The best statement of the test applied in determining if a defendant was the proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries is:
"Proximate cause is established when the defendant's conduct was a substantial factor in causing the plaintiff's harm, and when the harm was a foreseeable consequence of the defendant's conduct."
This statement encapsulates the two main elements of proximate cause: causation and foreseeability. Causation requires that the defendant's actions were a substantial factor in causing the harm suffered by the plaintiff, while foreseeability requires that the harm suffered by the plaintiff was a foreseeable consequence of the defendant's conduct.
Together, these elements help to establish whether the defendant's conduct was the proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries.
The best statement of the test applied in determining if a defendant was the proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries is the "but-for" test. This test determines whether, "but for" the defendant's actions, the plaintiff's injuries would not have occurred.
The "but-for" test is a legal standard used to determine whether a defendant's actions caused the plaintiff's injuries. To satisfy the test, it must be established that, "but for" the defendant's actions, the plaintiff's injuries would not have occurred. In other words, the defendant's actions must be the direct, proximate cause of the plaintiff's injuries. This is often established by proving that the plaintiff's injuries were reasonably foreseeable to the defendant at the time of their actions. This standard must be met in order for a plaintiff to successfully recover damages from a defendant. Overall, the "but-for" test is an essential standard used to determine if a defendant is responsible for a plaintiff's injuries.
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although the posse comitatus act limits the federal governments authority to use the military to enforce domestic policies
Although the Posse Comitatus Act limits the federal government's authority to use the military to enforce domestic policies, there are exceptions that can be made to the rule.
The Posse Comitatus Act, passed in 1878, is a federal law that forbids the federal government from using military personnel to enforce domestic policies, with a few exceptions. The use of military personnel is limited to military purposes only, such as when necessary to execute the laws of the United States or to protect the country against domestic violence, terrorism, or insurrection.Therefore, it is possible for the federal government to utilize the military to enforce domestic policies if certain conditions are met. The Act does not stop the use of the National Guard by state governors, as long as the National Guard is under the command of the governor rather than the federal government.The Posse Comitatus Act, which prohibits the use of military personnel to enforce domestic policies, has certain exceptions, allowing the federal government to use military personnel for military purposes when necessary.Learn more about Posse Comitatus Act: https://brainly.com/question/27885404
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Scenario: David is a patrol officer with the Dallas Police Department.
While patrolling southeast Dallas, Officer David sees a man running out
of a house on the corner of main and 3rd st. A woman stumbles out of the
house and yells, "Help! I have been robbed!" David immediately reports
the crime in progress to dispatch and requests a back up. The male enters
a dark green Chevrolet pick up and as the suspect pulls the vehicle onto
the roadway, Officer David follows the vehicle and asks dispatch to verify
the licene plates. Dispatch advises the vehicle belongs to Lonny Smith
who is well known by all of Dallas PD. as a hardened criminal who has
fired his weapon on more than three separate occasions in a battle to
resist arrest. Back up units arrive, Officer David and back up officers
initiate a felony stop. The suspect jumps out of the car and tries to run
away without displaying any type of weapon, are the officers justified in
displaying and using deadly force against the suspect? Why or why not
Answer:
Read Below:
Explanation:
Based on the scenario provided, it is not clear whether the officers are justified in using deadly force against the suspect as the suspect has not displayed any weapon. In general, the use of deadly force by law enforcement officers is only justifiable when the officer reasonably believes that the suspect poses an imminent threat of serious physical harm to the officer or others.
In this case, while Lonny Smith is a known criminal who has previously fired his weapon during an arrest, he has not displayed any weapon or made any threatening gestures towards the officers. Therefore, the use of deadly force would be difficult to justify, and the officers should exhaust all other options before resorting to lethal force.
The officers should attempt to apprehend the suspect using less-lethal force, such as verbal commands, physical force, or non-lethal weapons like pepper spray or a Taser. If the suspect resists arrest or attempts to flee, the officers may pursue and attempt to apprehend him, but they should not use deadly force unless they reasonably believe that the suspect poses an imminent threat of serious physical harm to them or others.
It is important for law enforcement officers to use good judgment and follow established protocols when dealing with potentially dangerous situations to ensure that they uphold the law and protect both the public and themselves.
which statement concerning discrimination on the basis of race or ethnic identity in the united states is true?
The true statement concerning discrimination on the basis of race or ethnic identity in the United States is that it still exists in various aspects of society, including education, employment, and criminal justice. The correct option is a)
In the education system, racial disparities persist in areas such as access to quality education, standardized test scores, and dropout rates. For example, minority students are more likely to attend underfunded schools, leading to limited access to essential resources and opportunities.
In the employment sector, racial discrimination can be observed through wage gaps, biased hiring practices, and limited opportunities for career advancement. Research has shown that minority applicants often face challenges in securing job interviews due to unconscious biases among employers.
The criminal justice system is also significantly affected by racial and ethnic discrimination. Statistics reveal that minorities, particularly African Americans and Hispanics, are disproportionately represented in the prison population, and they are more likely to receive harsher sentences for similar crimes compared to their white counterparts.
To address these issues, various policies and measures have been implemented, such as affirmative action programs, anti-discrimination laws, and diversity training.
However, there is still much work to be done to ensure equal opportunities and fair treatment for all individuals, regardless of their race or ethnic background.
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Complete Question
which statement concerning discrimination on the basis of race or ethnic identity in the united states is true?
a) it still exists in various aspects of society, including education, employment, and criminal justice.
b) different groups have had different degrees of succeed in fighting the effects of discrimination.
c) Americans under 18 years are denied many basic rights granted to those who are older.
d) older people are better organized to protect their rights that younger people.
in most circumstances, a supreme court is best described as a(n) court. group of answer choices
A Supreme Court is best described as an appellate court. In most circumstances, it is the highest judicial authority in a jurisdiction, responsible for hearing appeals from lower courts and ensuring the consistent application of laws. The primary function of a Supreme Court is to review and decide on cases that involve significant legal issues or constitutional matters, providing clarity and guidance for future legal decisions.
This helps to maintain a stable and consistent legal system. These justices serve for life and can only be removed by impeachment. The Supreme Court hears cases from all over the country and decides on issues that affect the entire nation.
Some of the most important cases in US history have been decided by the Supreme Court, such as Brown v. Board of Education, which declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional, and Roe v. Wade, which established a woman's right to choose to have an abortion.
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What do you call the person who is accusing another person, or a group of some wrongdoing and is bring the suit to court?
The person who is accusing another person or group of wrongdoing and bringing a lawsuit to court is called the plaintiff.
The plaintiff is the person who initiates a legal action by filing a complaint or petition in a court of law against another person or entity. The plaintiff is the party who is seeking legal remedies or relief for some harm or injury that they have suffered, and they must prove their case through evidence and arguments presented in court.
The plaintiff is responsible for bearing the burden of proof in a civil lawsuit, and their ultimate goal is to obtain a favorable judgment or settlement that compensates them for their losses or addresses their legal grievances.
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assume there is a u.s. supreme court case: galactic bargains v. state farm ins., 251 u.s. 1442 (2018). what does the citation indicate about the plaintiff's claim?
Answer:
Explanation:
A citation to a court case typically includes several pieces of information, including the names of the parties involved in the case, the volume number of the reporter where the case is published, the name of the reporter, and the page number(s) where the case can be found within that reporter. The citation may also include the name of the court that issued the decision.
In the example citation you provided, "Galactic Bargains v. State Farm Ins., 251 U.S. 1442 (2018)," "Galactic Bargains v. State Farm Ins." refers to the names of the parties involved in the case. "251" refers to the volume number of the reporter where the case is published, and "U.S." refers to the name of the reporter (in this case, the United States Reports, which is the official reporter of U.S. Supreme Court decisions). "1442" refers to the page number(s) where the case can be found within the United States Reports. "2018" is the year in which the case was decided.
Without more information about the case, it's impossible to say what the citation indicates about the plaintiff's claim.
households (c)
government (g)
formation(I)
residual item
name the method used
Answer:
Expenditure approach to calculate GDP.
Explanation:
The terms represent the components of the expenditure approach used in calculating a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
The expenditure approach sums up the total amount spent on goods and services produced within the country during a given period, typically a year.
The components of GDP using the expenditure approach are:
Consumption (C): the total spending by households on goods and services during the period.
Government spending (G): the total spending by the government on goods and services during the period.
Investment (I): the total spending on new capital equipment, buildings, and inventory by firms during the period.
Net Exports (NX): the difference between the value of exports and imports during the period.
The residual item in the expenditure approach is the difference between the total output (GDP) and the sum of the three components (C + G + I), which represents the net exports (NX).
So, the method used is the Expenditure approach to calculate GDP.
which of the following is an accurate comparison of how the supreme court has applied the doctrine of selective incorporation? (4 points) before engel v. vitale (1962) after engel v. vitale (1962) (a) the establishment clause does not apply to the states. the establishment clause applies to the states. (b) the bill of rights does not apply to the states. the bill of rights applies to the states. (c) the establishment clause limits the actions of the state governments. the establishment clause limits the action of the federal government. (d) the bill of rights was written to protect citizens from the federal government. the bill of rights was written to protect citizens from state governments.
The correct answer is (b): the bill of rights does not apply to the states. After Engel v. Vitale (1962), the bill of rights applies to the states.
Prior to Engel v. Vitale, the bill of rights did not apply to the states. The Fourteenth Amendment, which was passed in 1868, prohibits the states from violating the rights of individuals; however, the Supreme Court had not applied the provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states until 1962.
Engel v. Vitale (1962) was a landmark Supreme Court case that held that state-mandated prayer violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. This case established the doctrine of selective incorporation, which applies the Bill of Rights to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment.
The decision in Engel v. Vitale (1962) had a huge impact on the rights of individuals in the United States. By incorporating the Bill of Rights into state law, the Supreme Court was able to protect individuals from having their rights violated by state governments. This is an important protection for citizens of the United States, as state governments.
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Between comon carriers, boardcasters, and publishers with respect to freedom of speech and controll of content.
When anything is broadcast, it is done using radio waves or other electronic means as opposed to publishing, which is the action of issuing a media (such as a publication).
What distinguishes public media from government media?State or government media, as well as public service broadcasting, can all be referred to as "public media" (PBS). Yet, there are distinctions between them. According to the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, PBS is not directly under the jurisdiction of the state or government, although state and government media are.
Newspapers, books, magazines, and pamphlets): Less control, more freedom. Broadcast (radio, television): moderate freedom in the middle
Common carriers, such as the telephone, telegraph, and postal service: Less freedom most command.
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Complete question:
Explain the difference between common carriers, broadcasters, and publishers with regard to court decisions covering freedom of speech and control of content.
because of constitutional restrictions, the federal kidnapping statute requires, as an element of the offense that must be proven, that the victim be:
The federal kidnapping statute requires that the victim be transported across state lines as an element of the offense that must be proven.
This is due to constitutional restrictions which protect individuals from being unlawfully detained within a single state.
In order for the federal kidnapping statute to be applicable, the victim must be transported across state lines. This is the primary element of the offense and must be proven in order to successfully prosecute the kidnapper.
This requirement is a result of constitutional restrictions that protect individuals from being unlawfully detained within a single state. As such, the prosecution must demonstrate that the victim was transported across state lines in order for the federal kidnapping statute to be applicable.
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which of the following affords stability and predictability to the law? res ipsa loquitur stare decisis clemency certiorari
Res ipsa loquitur, stare decisis, and certiorari all afford stability and predictability to the law. Res ipsa loquitur is a Latin term meaning “the thing speaks for itself” and it is a rule of evidence used in civil suits. The rule allows for an inference of negligence on the part of the defendant.
Stare decisis is a legal principle in which a court should follow its previous decisions when the same legal issues arise. Certiorari is a type of writ (order) used by a higher court to review the decision of a lower court. Stare decisis affords stability and predictability to the law.
The concept of stare decisis means to stand by things decided. It is the principle of determining points of law according to precedent. The term is applied in the sense that courts should follow the principles they had established earlier in making judgments.
It provides that a court should follow the rules and principles made by it in a previous decision that has similar facts and issues. This will provide stability and predictability to the law. It ensures the continuity of the law and helps in maintaining stability and consistency in its application.
Other options: Res ipsa loquitur: This is a legal doctrine that allows the court to presume negligence without the plaintiff providing direct evidence of negligence. This does not afford stability and predictability to the law. Clemency is the act of mercy or leniency shown by the authorities to a person who has committed a crime.
This is not a legal doctrine and does not afford stability and predictability to the law. Certiorari is a writ or order from a higher court to a lower court or tribunal directing it to send up the record of a particular case for review. It does not afford stability and predictability to the law.
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Which would be an example of a State Authority Occupational Crime?
Answer: Hope this helps.
Explanation:
State Authority Occupational Crime refers to illegal activities committed by individuals in positions of authority in government or state organizations, using their power for personal gain or to benefit the organization they work for. An example of a State Authority Occupational Crime would be an elected official embezzling public funds for personal use, a police officer accepting bribes to overlook criminal activities, or a public official awarding contracts to companies in exchange for personal favors or kickbacks. Another example would be a public official using their influence to influence government policies or regulations to benefit a particular business or industry in which they have a financial interest.
Money laundering is an example of State Authority Occupational crime.
State authority occupational crimes are crimes that happen when someone uses the power that has been legitimately granted to them by someone with the ability to execute the law or to order others to commit the crime. These crimes are often referred to as white-collar crimes.
Money laundering is the practice of fraudulently disguising the source of funds earned via unlawful activities such as the sale of illegal drugs, corruption, embezzlement, or gambling by rerouting them through a legitimate source.
Hence, Money laundering is an example of State Authority Occupational Crime.
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Rights specifically granted to Congress by the federal Constitution is what
Answer: Express powers
Explanation:
Express powers powers are specifically granted to the federal government in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution.
1. How did the First World War affect European imperialism?
The First World War had a significant impact on European imperialism. It weakened the economic and political power of European nations and led to a shift in global power towards the United States and the Soviet Union. It also marked the end of the European colonial empires with the rise of nationalist movements in colonized countries. The war resulted in a significant loss of life and resources for European countries, which hindered their ability to maintain their colonies. Moreover, the war created political instability and economic depression, which led to anti-colonial movements in colonized countries. As a result, many European powers gradually lost their grip on their empires, paving the way for decolonization movements in the 20th century.
Answer:
The First World War had a significant impact on European imperialism, leading to a shift in power and a weakening of colonial empires. The war contributed to the eventual decolonization of several colonies, and it marked the beginning of a new era in international relations.
Explanation:
The First World War had a significant impact on European imperialism, both in terms of its scope and its character. Here are some ways in which it affected European imperialism:
Economic costs: The First World War was incredibly costly, both in terms of human lives and economic resources. European powers had to spend enormous amounts of money on weapons, ammunition, and other military supplies, which weakened their economies. This economic burden made it difficult for European powers to maintain their imperialist policies, and many of them had to scale back their overseas activities.
Political changes: The war brought about significant political changes in Europe, as several empires collapsed, and new nations emerged. The Treaty of Versailles, which ended the war, forced Germany to give up its colonies and territories, which were then divided among the Allied powers. This led to a significant shift in the balance of power, and several European powers lost their colonial possessions.
Anti-colonial sentiment: The war also sparked anti-colonial sentiment among the colonized people, who saw the war as a struggle among imperial powers. The war created an opportunity for colonized people to organize and demand greater autonomy and independence. This sentiment grew stronger after the war and eventually led to several colonies gaining independence.
Rise of the United States: The First World War also marked the rise of the United States as a global power. The US emerged from the war as a major economic power and began to assert its influence on the world stage. This weakened the position of European powers, which had previously dominated world affairs.
Overall, the First World War had a significant impact on European imperialism, leading to a shift in power and a weakening of colonial empires. The war contributed to the eventual decolonization of several colonies, and it marked the beginning of a new era in international relations.
What is an example of limited government?
a. the president doesn’t have to follow the law
b. the supreme court justices are elected to 4 year terms
c. the constitution cannot be amended
d. the constitution breaks the power of the government up into 3 branches
Answer:
d. the constitution breaks the power of the government up into 3 branches is an example of limited government, as it establishes checks and balances between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
a state has a law that says all dogs must be restrained on a leash at any time they are outside. the purpose of that law is to protect the public from dog attacks . jeff is lazy and lets his big dog, maggie, outside without a leash. maggie attacks ricardo. under what theory is jeff liable for ricardo's injuries?
Jeff is liable for Ricardo's injuries under the theory of negligence per se, as he violated the state law that was designed to protect the public from dog attacks by allowing Maggie to be outside without a leash.
What does the theory of negligence state?The theory of negligence is a legal principle that holds individuals or entities responsible for failing to act with reasonable care, resulting in harm or injury to others.
To establish negligence, four elements must be proven: duty of care, breach of duty, causation, and damages. In other words, a person or entity owed a duty to act with reasonable care, failed to do so, and that failure caused harm or injury to another person, resulting in damages that can be compensated.
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python in a governmental election, campaign officials may want to know what percentage of the population voted in the previous election
In a governmental election, campaign officials may want to know what percentage of the population voted in the previous election.
To obtain the percentage of the population that voted in the previous governmental election, the following formula is utilized: Percentage of the population that voted = (Number of votes cast / Total population) * 100The number of votes cast refers to the number of votes that were cast in the previous election, whereas the total population refers to the total number of individuals residing in the constituency where the election was held. The percentage of the population that voted in the previous election can be used by campaign officials to determine the number of votes they must earn to win the election.
In addition, this information can be utilized to determine the participation rate in the previous election and to evaluate the success of any efforts to raise voter turnout.
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25. In late critical criminology, which two interweaving influences have had the most impact
A. style and resistance
B. neoconservatism and postmodernism
C. chaos and complexity
D. commodification and globalization
Globalization and commodityization. A viewpoint known as late critical criminology first appeared in the 1980s in response to the perceived shortcomings of traditional criminology.
What does it mean when services are commodities?Commodification is the process by which things, such as products, services, knowledge, or even living things, become offered as part of a market transaction. Broadly speaking, capitalism is an economic system in which supplies and demands in the general market determine the exchange of goods and services.
What does the word "commodified" mean?to make something into a commodity (such as something with intrinsic value or a piece of art). commodification of the water supply attempted.
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9: when preparing to make a left turn from a two-way street, you should drive: close to the right hand side of the road. close to the center line. on the left of the center line.
Answer:
Explanation:à gauche de la ligne centrale.
In what ways might a person become a victim and need police assistance?
which term refers to the authority of a court to hear a case? a. precedent b. jurisdiction c. due process d. equal protection
Answer:
Jurisdiction
Explanation:
The term that refers to the authority of a court to hear a case is "jurisdiction."
Use the below facts and propose a punishment strategy that adequately addresses “importation”, “deprivation”, and the apparent revolving door of mass incarceration.
a. 1.69 million men and women in prisons and jails.
b. 67% of individuals released from incarceration recidivate within 3 years
c. 40% return to state prison within 3 years after release
d. 650,000 formerly incarcerated individuals return home every year.
e. 95% of all incarcerated individuals are eventually released.
The "pains of confinement" have long been a topic of interest in prison sociology. This article revisits the subject, arguing that contemporary criminal procedures have produced certain brand-new burdens and annoyances.
What is punishment strategy and mass incarceration?
It states that there are three categories into which the pains of imprisonment can be conceptually and somewhat historically subdivided: those resulting from the inherent characteristics of incarceration, those brought on by willful misconduct and duty neglect, and those brought on by systemic policies and institutional practices.
After thoroughly describing the latter, with an emphasis on the difficulties of indeterminacy, psychiatric evaluation, and self-government, the paper illustrates how the concepts of "tightness," "depth," and "weight" apply to the modern jail experience. That is a shortened way of saying that the United States imprisons more people than any other country in the world, including China. Also, the U.S. leads the world in terms of the number of prisoners. That are distinct from earlier pains in terms of their origins, characteristics, and outcomes.
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1. What is meant by "fruit of the poisonous tree"?
2. Define Locard's Exchange Principle.
Explanation:
"Fruit of the poisonous tree" is a legal term that refers to evidence that is obtained illegally or unlawfully. This principle holds that evidence obtained as a result of an unlawful or unconstitutional search, seizure, or interrogation is tainted and therefore inadmissible in court. The term is derived from the idea that evidence obtained from an illegal source is like a poisonous tree, where everything that grows from it is tainted and cannot be used.
Locard's Exchange Principle is a forensic principle that states that every contact leaves a trace. This principle was formulated by Dr. Edmond Locard, a French forensic scientist, in the early 20th century. According to the principle, whenever two objects come into contact with each other, there will be a transfer of materials between them. This transfer can include physical, biological, and chemical materials, such as fibers, hairs, DNA, and fingerprints. The principle is used in criminal investigations to link suspects to crime scenes, and to link objects found at the crime scene to suspects. By analyzing the materials exchanged during a contact, forensic scientists can establish a link between a suspect and a crime scene or victim.
what is the california statute of limitations on bringing a court foreclosure to enforce a mechanic's lien? to bring action for removal of encroachments?
Answer:
Explanation:
In California, the statute of limitations for bringing a court foreclosure action to enforce a mechanic's lien is typically 90 days from the date the mechanic's lien was recorded. This time period is established by California Civil Code section 8460.
However, it's worth noting that there are several factors that can affect the statute of limitations for enforcing a mechanic's lien in California, including the type of construction project, the date the work was completed, and the date the mechanic's lien was recorded. Therefore, it's important to consult with an attorney to determine the specific statute of limitations that applies in a particular case.
Regarding the statute of limitations for bringing an action for removal of encroachments in California, the time period varies depending on the specific circumstances of the case. The general statute of limitations for bringing an action for trespass or nuisance is three years from the date the cause of action accrues, as established by California Code of Civil Procedure section 338. However, there may be other factors that affect the statute of limitations in a particular case, such as the nature of the encroachment, the duration of the encroachment, and the type of relief sought. Therefore, it's important to consult with an attorney to determine the specific statute of limitations that applies in a particular case.
The statute of limitations in California for filing a foreclosure to enforce a mechanic's lien is 90 days from the time a mechanic's lien notice is filed. If the notice is not filed, the time limit for filing a foreclosure action is 60 days from the time the work was done.
On the other hand, in California, the statute of limitations for bringing an action for removal of encroachments is 5 years. This means that if a person is being dispossessed of their property through an encroachment, they have a 5-year time limit to bring a legal action to recover their property.
It is important to keep in mind that statute of limitations periods may vary depending on the case and the specific situation. It is advisable to consult with an attorney specializing in the relevant area to determine the time limits applicable in each particular case.
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