Given the cost function C(q) = q2 + 50q+ 1000
, the marginal cost function and its value at q=15 are:
• MC(q) = 2q+50 + 1000; MC(15) = 1080 • None of these • MC(q) = 2q + 50; MC(15) = 80

The net book value of the building on the December 31, 2022 balance sheet will be $868,000.

Plaza Sunset purchased a new building for $910,000 on October 31, 2021. The annual depreciation for the building is $36,000.

To calculate the net book value of the building that will appear on the December 31, 2022 balance sheet, we need to consider the depreciation for both 2021 and 2022. In 2021, there are 2 months (November and December) in which depreciation occurs.

The monthly depreciation is $36,000 / 12 months = $3,000 per month. Therefore, the depreciation in 2021 is $3,000 * 2 months = $6,000. In 2022, the entire annual depreciation of $36,000 applies.

The total depreciation from October 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022 is $6,000 (2021) + $36,000 (2022) = $42,000.

To find the net book value on December 31, 2022, we subtract the total depreciation from the purchase price:

$910,000 - $42,000 = $868,000.

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In order to combat the rising cost of health insurance, small businesses may band together to form a larger organization that can negotiate more affordable health insurance plans. This type of organization is known as a ""health insurance cooperative"" or ""health insurance alliance.""

Health insurance cooperatives are essentially groups of small businesses that come together to create a larger pool of individuals for insurance purposes. This allows the group to spread out the health risks among a larger population, which can help to reduce the overall cost of health insurance.

By banding together, these small businesses can also leverage their collective bargaining power to negotiate better rates with insurance providers. This can result in lower premiums and better coverage options for all members of the cooperative.

Health insurance cooperatives can be especially beneficial for small businesses, which may not have the bargaining power or resources to negotiate favorable insurance rates on their own. By pooling their resources and negotiating as a group, these small businesses can level the playing field and provide their employees with access to high-quality health insurance at an affordable price.

Overall, health insurance cooperatives are a powerful tool for small businesses looking to provide their employees with access to affordable health insurance. By working together, these businesses can spread out the health risks among a larger pool of individuals and negotiate better rates with insurance providers, ultimately resulting in better health outcomes for all involved.

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The second-tier customers are aware of your product, but don't use it because either it's unacceptable, or they can't afford it

A set of potential consumers who are second tier customers are those who are aware of the product but do not utilise it either because they find it unsatisfactory or they cannot afford it. These clients could be somewhat interested in the goods, but they are unable or unwilling to purchase it at current price or under the present circumstances.

Due to this, businesses might need to modify their pricing and marketing plans in order to appeal to this segment of potential clients. This could entail making the product better to make it more desirable or cheaper to make it more accessible. Companies could also need to resolve issues and think about other marketing platforms or messaging. Businesses may grow revenues and their client base by focusing on second tier customers.

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On December 18, Intel would record the following journal entry to recognize the customer's prepayment:

Debit: Cash $240,000

Credit: Unearned Revenue $240,000

On January 23, when the computer chips are completed and delivered, Intel would record the following journal entry to recognize the revenue and cost of goods sold:

Debit: Unearned Revenue $2,160,000 (2.4 million - 240,000)

Credit: Sales Revenue $2,160,000

Debit: Cost of Goods Sold $1,400,000

Credit: Inventory $1,400,000

The first entry records the receipt of cash from the customer, which is recorded as unearned revenue since the chips have not yet been delivered. The second entry recognizes the revenue and the cost of goods sold associated with the sale, based on the production cost of the chips.

The unearned revenue account is debited for the amount of the prepayment that is now earned and the sales revenue account is credited for the total sale amount. The inventory account is debited for the cost of producing the goods and the cost of goods sold account is credited for the same amount.

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The NPV of the project using the WACC methodology is $58,028.68.Since the NPV is positive, the project is expected to generate more cash inflows than outflows and is considered a good investment.

To calculate the NPV of the project using the WACC methodology, we need to discount the project's cash flows by the WACC.

First, we need to calculate the cost of equity:

K_e = R_f + β(R_m - R_f)

Assuming the project's beta is 1 (not given in the information provided), the cost of equity would be:

K_e = 2% + 1(6%) = 8%

Next, we need to calculate the WACC:

WACC = (E/V x K_e) + (D/V x K_d) x (1 - T_c)

where:

E = market value of equity

D = market value of debt

V = total value of the firm (E + D)

K_d = cost of debt

T_c = corporate tax rate

We are given that the debt-to-equity ratio is 3, so:

D/E = 3/1

D = 3E

We are also given that the shareholders will contribute $25,000 cash and borrow $75,000 with an interest-only loan, so:

E = $25,000

D = $75,000

V = $100,000

K_d = 10%

T_c = 34%

Plugging in the values, we get:

WACC = (0.25 x 8%) + (0.75 x 10%) x (1 - 0.34)

WACC = 11.20%

Now we can calculate the project's NPV using the WACC methodology:

CF0 = -$100,000 (cost of equipment)

CF1-CF4 = $39,800 (given)

CF5 = $43,100 ($39,800 + $5,000 salvage value)

NPV = (-$100,000) + ($39,800 / (1 + 11.20%) + ($39,800 / (1 + 11.20%)+ ($39,800 / (1 + 11.20%) + ($39,800 / (1 + 11.20%) + ($43,100 / (1 + 11.20%)

NPV = $58,028.68

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Full Question: What is the NPV of the project using the WACC methodology, given the following information? i = rdebt = 10% OCFO = -$100,000 Ku = rassets = 15% OCF1-4 = $39,800 = 25,000 x ($5 - $3) x (1 -0.34) + $20,000 x 0.34 Kl = requity = 24.9% OCF5 = $43,100 = $39,800 + $5,000 x (1 – 0.34) K= WACC = 11.20% Tax rate = 34% Debt-to-equity ratio = 3 Risk-free rate = 2% The 5-year project requires equipment that costs $100,000. If undertaken, the shareholders will contribute $25,000 cash and borrow $75,000 with an interest-only loan with a maturity of 5 years and annual interest payments. The equipment will be depreciated straight-line to zero over the 5-year life of the project. There will be a pre-tax salvage value of $5,000. There are no other start-up costs at year 0. During years 1 through 5, the firm will sell 25,000 units of product at $5; variable costs are $3; there are no fixed costs. $58,028.68 $49,613.03 $102,727.55 $48,300.47

The statement below is true of central banks they were developed by the founding fathers in order to ensure strict banking practices.

The central bank offers the Central Government services. On behalf of the government, it both collects and makes payments to other parties. It looks after and manages government deposit accounts. The central bank also offers loans and controls the nation's debt.

The main goal of the Federal Reserve, which was established in 1913 by an act of Congress, was to increase the stability of the American financial system.

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The current value of the bond can be calculated using the present value formula:

PV = (C / (1 + r/n)^(nt)) + (FV / (1 + r/n)^(nt))

Where:

PV = Present value of the bond

C = Coupon payment (5% of $1,000 = $50)

r = Required rate of return (7%)

n = Number of compounding periods per year (2, since interest is paid semiannually)

t = Number of years until maturity (12)

Plugging in the values, we get:

PV = (50 / (1 + 0.07/2)^(212)) + (1000 / (1 + 0.07/2)^(212))

PV = $609.65

Therefore, the current value of the bond is $609.65.

To calculate this using a calculator such as the TI BAII Plus, we would enter:

N = 24 (2 compounding periods per year for 12 years)

I/Y = 3.5 (7% annual rate divided by 2 compounding periods per year)

PMT = 25 (5% coupon payment semiannually on $1,000 par value)

FV = 1000 (par value at maturity)

And then press the PV button to get the present value of $609.65.

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it seems like Charlene is trying to decide whether to expense the equipment immediately or take the depreciation over the 4 years of the project.

Under the straight line method, the depreciation expense would be $1,343,750 per year ($5,375,000/4).

Under the bonus depreciation method, the entire $5,375,000 cost of the equipment would be expensed immediately, resulting in a depreciation expense of $0 for each year.

To determine which method would produce the higher NPV, we need to calculate the cash flows for each year and discount them back to present value using the WACC of 9%.

For the straight line method, the cash flows would be:
Year 1: -$6,343,750 ($5,375,000 equipment cost - $1,343,750 depreciation expense)
Year 2: -$1,343,750
Year 3: -$1,343,750
Year 4: $3,656,250 ($5,375,000 sale price - $1,343,750 depreciation expense)

Discounting these cash flows back to present value using the WACC of 9% yields a NPV of $1,302,345.

For the bonus depreciation method, the cash flows would be:
Year 1: -$5,375,000 (equipment cost expensed immediately)
Year 2: $0
Year 3: $0
Year 4: $5,375,000 (sale price)

Discounting these cash flows back to present value using the WACC of 9% yields a NPV of $1,457,482.

Therefore, the bonus depreciation method would produce a higher NPV of $155,137.

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The "ideal" acid test ratio is deemed to be 1:1, also known as the quick ratio.

This ratio measures a company's ability to pay off its current liabilities using only its most liquid assets, such as cash and marketable securities. It excludes inventory and prepaid expenses, which may not be easily converted into cash. A higher quick ratio indicates that a company has a better ability to meet its short-term obligations.

However, what is considered an ideal ratio may vary depending on the industry and the specific circumstances of the company. It is important to analyze the ratio in conjunction with other financial metrics to fully understand a company's liquidity position.

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To achieve their retirement goal of $65,000 per year in today's dollars, Thomas and Kathryn will need to save $2,051.45 per month at the beginning of each month.

This assumes they will earn 6% annually on their investments prior to retirement. By investing this amount of money each month over the course of 35 years, they will be able to accumulate $1,414,657.54. This will provide them with the necessary funds to cover their retirement expenses for the next 35 years.

Investing for retirement can be a daunting task. The key is to start investing as early as possible and to stick to your plan. Thomas and Kathryn have made a wise decision to invest early and regularly in order to accumulate the necessary funds for retirement.

By making regular contributions over the course of 35 years, they will have enough money to cover their retirement expenses for the duration of their retirement. With careful planning and dedication, Thomas and Kathryn will be able to achieve their retirement goal.

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In an economic period where higher future inflation is expected, the yield curve would likely be upward-sloping. The correct answer is option a.

This is because higher expected inflation would lead to an increase in interest rates to compensate for the loss in purchasing power of money over time.

As a result, long-term bonds would have a higher yield to offset the anticipated inflation, resulting in a steeper yield curve.

Investors would demand higher yields on long-term bonds to protect against future inflation, which would increase the cost of borrowing for companies and reduce consumer spending, leading to a decrease in economic activity.

Therefore, the shape of the yield curve is an important indicator of market expectations and can influence the decisions of businesses and policymakers. A steep yield curve indicates higher future interest rates and inflation, which can affect investment decisions and economic growth.

The correct answer is option a.

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The statement " example of management by exception occurs when a manager investigates a large variance in a performance report to assign responsibility. " is true.

Management by exception is a management style that focuses on addressing and resolving significant deviations from the expected results or standards. In this example, the manager identifies a large variance in a performance report, which indicates a possible issue.

Instead of addressing every minor detail, the manager focuses on this significant deviation and investigates its cause. Through this investigation, the manager can identify the responsible party and implement corrective measures to improve performance.

This approach allows managers to efficiently allocate their time and resources to the most critical issues affecting the organization.

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Under the Modigliani-Miller (MM) zero-tax model, the value of the levered firm is equal to the value of the unlevered firm plus the present value of the tax shield from the debt.

The tax shield is equal to the debt multiplied by the relevant tax rate. Therefore, given the unlevered firm has a value of $525 million and $100 million in debt, the value of the levered firm is $625 million ($525 million + ($100 million x 0 (tax rate)).

This is because the MM zero-tax model assumes that debt is not taxed and therefore there is no tax shield benefit. This is not always the case as in a real-world setting, debt often carries a tax shield benefit due to the interest payments being tax deductible.

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Based on the information provided and without the actual table or statistics, Marginal means refer to the average value of a variable while controlling for the other variables in a study.

1. Identify the variables in the study and their marginal means.
2. Compare the marginal means of each variable.
3. Analyze any differences or trends observed in the marginal means.
4. Draw conclusions based on the observed differences or trends, considering the context of the study.

By following these steps, you can interpret the findings of a study based on the marginal means of the variables involved. It's important to note that these expectations are hypothetical and speculative, as actual findings would require proper statistical analysis using appropriate methods, including significance testing, consideration of sample size, variability, and other relevant factors.

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The taxable income for Little Corporation is $98,000.

To do this, we'll consider the pretax accounting income, municipal bond interest, depreciation differences, life insurance expense, and warranty expenses.

Pretax accounting income:

$100,000 Interest on municipal bonds is tax-exempt, so we do not need to include the $9,000 in the taxable income calculation.

Depreciation difference:

For tax purposes, depreciation is $4,000 greater than for financial reporting purposes.

This means we need to reduce the taxable income by $4,000.

Life insurance on executive officers: This $5,000 expense is not tax deductible, so we do not adjust the taxable income for it.

Warranty expense:

The difference between the warranty expense ($10,000) and warranties paid for tax purposes ($8,000) is $2,000.

Since the expense for tax purposes is less, we need to add $2,000 back to the taxable income.

Now we can calculate the taxable income:

$100,000 (pretax accounting income) - $4,000 (depreciation difference) + $2,000 (warranty difference) = $98,000.

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Larry's maximum allowable charitable contribution is $1,710, given his AGI of $60,800.

To determine Larry's maximum allowable charitable contribution, we need to calculate the limit based on his Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) and the type of organization he made donations to.

Cash donation to a family in need: This is a donation to an individual or non-charitable organization and is not deductible.

Donation to a church: Donations to religious organizations, like churches, are generally tax-deductible. The limit for charitable contributions to churches is 50% of AGI. So, Larry's maximum allowable contribution for his donation to the church is:

$2,720 * 50% = $1,360

Cash donation to a political campaign:

Donations to political campaigns are not tax-deductible.

Donation of household items to the Salvation Army:

Donations of household items to qualified charitable organizations, like the Salvation Army, are generally tax-deductible. The limit for non-cash donations is 30% of AGI. However, when the property is used by the charity for its tax-exempt purposes, like in this case, the limit is increased to 50% of AGI. The original cost of the household items was $1,360, but their current worth is $700. Larry can claim a deduction for the current worth of the items, which is $700.

So, his maximum allowable contribution for this donation is:

$700 * 50% = $350

Now, we can calculate Larry's total maximum allowable charitable contribution:

$1,360 (church donation) + $350 (Salvation Army donation) = $1,710

Therefore, Larry's maximum allowable charitable contribution is $1,710, given his AGI of $60,800.

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In an analytical report, various organizational structures can be employed to present the findings effectively. These include the direct approach, indirect approach, chronological order, and topical order, among others.

When using the direct approach, you begin with the main conclusions or recommendations, followed by supporting evidence and analysis. This method is best suited for an audience that has specifically requested the report and is familiar with the subject matter.

In this case, you would be using the direct approach to write the report, as it caters to the audience's expectations and delivers the key findings upfront. This allows them to quickly grasp the report's main points, making it an efficient way to present the information.

Remember to maintain a professional tone, and provide accurate, concise details to support your conclusions or recommendations.

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In order to determine how many units must be purchased in September, the Schrank company must first calculate the required amount of inventory they must have on hand at the end of August.

This is done by taking 15% of the projected sales for September, or 54,000 units. This means that the company must have 8,100 units in inventory at the end of August (54,000 x 0.15). Therefore, the company must purchase at least 8,100 units in September in order to meet their desired inventory level.

This number will be adjusted if the actual sales for August exceed the projected sales amount. Additionally, the company must take into account any additional inventory needed to cover any unanticipated demand during the month of September.

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Option C describes a global RFID challenge, i.e., globally, the RFID industry does not have its own UHF spectrum allocation.

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is used for tracking and identifying objects using radio waves. One of the challenges faced by the global RFID industry is the lack of a dedicated UHF (Ultra-High Frequency) spectrum allocation. As a result, RFID tags operate in different frequency bands in different countries, leading to problems with interference and inconsistent performance.

The lack of a dedicated spectrum allocation also limits the development of the industry and the widespread adoption of RFID technology, as it makes it difficult for RFID technology to be used seamlessly across borders. This is a significant challenge that the global RFID industry must address to fully realize the potential benefits of RFID technology.

Option C is answer.

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The covariance of returns between stocks A and B is 0.0733. (C)

To calculate the covariance, follow these steps:

1. Find the mean of each stock's returns: Mean_A = (60% + 20% + 10%) / 3 = 30%; Mean_B = (35% + 15% + 20%) / 3 = 23.33%.
2. Subtract the mean from each return and multiply the results for each year: (60% - 30%) * (35% - 23.33%) = 0.3 * 0.1167 = 0.03501; (20% - 30%) * (15% - 23.33%) = -0.1 * -0.0833 = 0.00833; (10% - 30%) * (20% - 23.33%) = -0.2 * -0.0333 = 0.00667.
3. Add the products from step 2: 0.03501 + 0.00833 + 0.00667 = 0.05001.
4. Divide the sum by the number of years minus 1: 0.05001 / (3 - 1) = 0.0733.

Therefore, the covariance of returns between stocks A and B is 0.0733 (option C).

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The implied cross rate for C$ in terms of € (€/C$) is approximately 0.6523.

(a) To find the implied quote for $ in terms of euro (€/$) and for $ in terms of C$ (C$/$), we need to find the reciprocal of the given rates:

1. For €/$, take the reciprocal of $/€ = $1.1520:
  €/$ = 1 / $1.1520
  €/$ ≈ 0.8678

2. For C$/$, take the reciprocal of $/C$ = $0.7520:
  C$/$ = 1 / $0.7520
  C$/$ ≈ 1.3298

So, the implied quotes are €/$ ≈ 0.8678 and C$/$ ≈ 1.3298.

(b) To find the cross rate for C$ in terms of € (€/C$), we will use the given rates:

€/C$ = (€/$) / (C$/$)

Using the values we found in part (a):

€/C$ = 0.8678 / 1.3298
€/C$ ≈ 0.6523

The implied cross rate for C$ in terms of € (€/C$) is approximately 0.6523.

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The market through which firms raise capital for investment projects is called the primary market (option c).

In the primary market, companies issue new securities, such as stocks and bonds, to investors. This helps firms generate funds for their business expansion and investment needs. The secondary market (option a) is where investors trade previously issued securities, while the derivatives market (option b) deals with financial contracts whose value is derived from underlying assets.

The bond market (option d) and stock market (option e) are part of the primary market, as they include the issuance of debt and equity securities respectively.

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DVR takes out a loan of $10 million at a rate of 2.75 percent. Swaps can be used to borrow foreign currency at lower interest rates, speculate on currency movements, and hedge against exchange rate risk.

Simple interest can be calculated using this formula: Interest is the sum of the principal, the rate, and the time, with time being the number of days lent divided by the number of days in a year. You will be responsible for $125.00 in interest over the course of a year if you take out a loan for $2,500.00 at a rate of 5%. 05 x 1). At a coupon rate of 2.75 percent, dollars can be borrowed for five years by DVR, Inc. It also has the option of borrowing yen for five years at a rate of 1.85%. DVR prefers to borrow in dollars. The swap rates for the five-year yen are 0.64-0.70%, while the swap rates for the dollar are 2.41-2.44%.

The value that individuals pay to acquire cash. Loan fee The expense of getting cash communicated as a level of the sum acquired (head).

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This example demonstrates a healthcare organization overseeing and coordinating various facilities under one centralized administration, fitting the concept of an administered vertical marketing system.

An administered vertical marketing system is best represented by the hospital for special surgery in New York, which operates facilities in Florida and on Long Island. This is because an administered vertical marketing system involves a single entity (in this case, the hospital for special surgery) that owns multiple levels of the distribution chain, such as manufacturing, distribution, and retailing.

In this case, the hospital for special surgery owns and operates facilities in multiple locations, making it an example of an administered vertical marketing system. The Everett Clinic, Teladoc, and the urgent care center at O'Hare are not examples of administered vertical marketing systems.

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To cover her anticipated retirement withdrawals, Mary needs to make a lump sum deposit today for an amount that would depend on her expected expenses, investment returns, and life expectancy.

Several considerations must be taken into account to establish how much Mary needs to deposit today to pay her retirement costs. Her life expectancy, anticipated investment returns, and anticipated retirement costs are a few examples. In addition, one must account for inflation and unplanned costs.

Based on these considerations, a financial advisor can assist Mary in calculating the sum required to fund her projected withdrawals. Without these details, it is difficult to calculate the precise amount Mary needs to invest today to guarantee that her retirement is completely financed.

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Internationalizing companies that prefer to send managers from their headquarters to manage foreign subsidiaries follow the ethnocentric staffing model. The correct answer is option C.

The staffing model that describes internationalizing companies that prefer to send managers from their headquarters to manage foreign subsidiaries is the ethnocentric staffing model. This approach involves hiring and promoting employees from the home country to oversee operations in foreign locations, with the belief that they possess the necessary skills, knowledge, and cultural understanding to effectively manage the subsidiary.

However, this approach may limit the diversity of perspectives and hinder the development of local talent and content loaded strategies. Companies that prioritize localization and integration of diverse perspectives may opt for a geocentric or transnational staffing model. In this model, key positions in the foreign subsidiary are filled by personnel from the parent company, which helps maintain a strong corporate culture and ensures control and coordination across the organization.

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Ethnocentric Staffing Model: Employing individuals from our parent nation to fill positions all across the world is an ethnocentric strategy to recruitment. Hence (d) is the correct option.

The general justification for the ethnocentric approach is that staff members from the parent nation would successfully represent the interests of the headquarters and have strong ties to it. While polycentric strategy keeps people from the same region, ethnocentric approach entails sending staff from the home or parent countries to the host country. Ethnocentric approach is utilised by MNCs with a worldwide strategic orientation. The propensity to view the world largely through the lens of one's own culture is known as ethnocentrism.

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Suppose a stock had an initial price of $61 per share, paid a dividend of $1.40 per share during the year, and had an ending share price of $69.

Requirement 1: Compute the percentage total return.
Step 1: Calculate the capital gain by subtracting the initial price from the ending price.
Capital Gain = $69 - $61 = $8

Step 2: Calculate the total return by adding the capital gain and the dividend.
Total Return = Capital Gain + Dividend = $8 + $1.40 = $9.40

Step 3: Calculate the percentage total return by dividing the total return by the initial price and multiplying by 100.
Percentage Total Return = (Total Return / Initial Price) * 100 = ($9.40 / $61) * 100 = 15.41%

Percentage total return: 15.41%

Requirement 2: What was the dividend yield?
Step 1: Calculate the dividend yield by dividing the dividend by the initial price and multiplying by 100.
Dividend Yield = (Dividend / Initial Price) * 100 = ($1.40 / $61) * 100 = 2.30%

Dividend yield: 2.30%

Requirement 3: What was the capital gains yield?
Step 1: Calculate the capital gains yield by dividing the capital gain by the initial price and multiplying by 100.
Capital Gains Yield = (Capital Gain / Initial Price) * 100 = ($8 / $61) * 100 = 13.11%

Capital gains yield: 13.11%

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The price predicted by the dividend-discount model for Highline's stock is $34.41.

Using the dividend-discount model, the value of Highline's stock can be calculated as follows:

PV = D1/(r-g)

where:

PV = Present value of stock

D1 = Expected dividend one year from now

r = Equity cost of capital

g = Expected growth rate of dividends

To find D1, we need to calculate the expected dividend for next year based on the current dividend and the expected growth rate:

D1 = D0 x (1 + g) = $1.03 x (1 + 0.109) = $1.1397

where:

D0 = Current dividend

Next, we can substitute the values into the formula:

PV = $1.1397 / (0.077 - 0.049) = $34.41

Therefore, the dividend-discount model predicts that Highline's stock should sell for $34.41.

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The US Census Bureau predicts that by 2060, one in three people in the United States population will be D) Hispanic.

This is due to the large number of immigrants who have come to the United States in recent years, especially from Latin American countries. The Hispanic population is projected to increase from the current 18.8 percent to 31.2 percent.

Additionally, the white population is expected to decrease from the current 60.4 percent to 43.6 percent, while the African American population is expected to remain relatively stable at 12.4 percent of the population.

The Asian population is expected to increase from the current 5.9 percent to 8.2 percent of the population. Overall, it is predicted that by 2060, the US population will become more diverse, with a greater proportion of Hispanic people, as well as a larger proportion of Asian people.

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The role of the US government with respect to market competition is "policing anticompetitive behavior and prohibiting contracts that restrict competition" (Option a).

The government enforces antitrust laws that prohibit mergers or acquisitions that would create a monopoly or harm competition. It also investigates and punishes anticompetitive behavior, such as price fixing or monopolization, to ensure that the market remains fair for all participants. The government may also regulate certain industries to promote competition, such as setting standards for product safety or requiring disclosure of information to consumers.

However, it generally does not intervene in the price and output decisions of businesses or maintain government-owned firms for consumer-friendly pricing. The goal of the government's role in market competition is to promote competition and prevent abuses of market power, while allowing market forces to determine prices and output levels.

Option a is answer.

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