I need help with each one can you please show work

The Arrhenius equation relates the rate constant of a reaction to the activation energy, the temperature, and a constant known as the pre-exponential factor or frequency factor. The equation is given by:

k = A * exp(-Ea/RT)

where:

k = rate constant

A = pre-exponential factor or frequency factor

Ea = activation energy (in Joules/mol)

R = gas constant (8.314 J/mol-K)

T = temperature (in Kelvin)

We are given that the rate constant at 89.0°C (362.15 K) is 1.9 × 10^7 M^-1s^-1. We want to find the rate constant at 121.0°C (394.15 K).

First, we need to calculate the pre-exponential factor, A. We can do this by rearranging the Arrhenius equation and solving for A:

A = k * exp(Ea/RT)

We can plug in the values we know:

A = (1.9 × 10^7 M^-1s^-1) * exp((5.0 kJ/mol) / (8.314 J/mol-K * 362.15 K))

A = 6.46 × 10^11 M^-1s^-1

Now we can use the Arrhenius equation to calculate the rate constant at 121.0°C:

k = A * exp(-Ea/RT)

k = (6.46 × 10^11 M^-1s^-1) * exp((5.0 kJ/mol) / (8.314 J/mol-K * 394.15 K))

k = 1.9 × 10^9 M^-1s^-1

Therefore, the rate constant at 121.0°C is approximately 1.9 × 10^9 M^-1s^-1.

In the event where we began the reaction with 55 g of P2O5 and 16 g of H2O, we would have 12.9 g of extra P2O5.

CO2 (g) + 2H2O = CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) (g) We can state that one CH4 molecule reacts with two O2 molecules to form one CO2 molecule and two H2O molecules, or we can say that one CH4 molecule reacts with two O2 molecules to form one CO2 molecule and two H2O molecules.

Moles of P₂O5 needed = 0.888 mol H₂O × (1 mol P₂O5 / 3 mol H₂O) = 0.296 mol P₂O5

Moles of excess P₂O5 = 0.387 mol P₂O5 - 0.296 mol P₂O5 = 0.091 mol P₂O5

To convert moles of excess P₂O5 to grams, we use the molar mass of P₂O5:

Mass of excess P₂O5 = 0.091 mol × 141.88 g/mol = 12.9 g

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Answer:

C12H22O11 + 12O2 --> 12CO2 + 11H2O

Explanation:

C12H22O11 + 12O2 --> 12CO2 + 11H2O

C = 12

H = 22

O = 11 + 24 = 35

The balanced chemical equation is: C12H22O11 + 12 O2 → 12 CO2 + 11 H2O

C12H22O11 is the chemical formula for sucrose, a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose monomers linked by a glycosidic bond. Sucrose is commonly known as table sugar and is a common sweetener in food and beverages. It is extracted from sugar cane or sugar beet and is widely used in the food industry.

Yes, it is necessary to balance a chemical equation to ensure that the law of conservation of mass is obeyed. This law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction but can only be rearranged into different combinations.

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Answer:(−NH−CHR−CO−)n is a homopolymer. The reason is that it has a single monomer (NH2−CHR−COOH), α−amino acid.

If a polymer consists of only one kind of monomer then it is called a homopolymer, while a polymer that consists of more than one kind of monomer is called a copolymer

Answer:

To calculate the number of grams in 1.75 moles of CO2, we need to use the molar mass of CO2, which is 44.01 g/mol.

The calculation is:

1.75 mol CO2 x 44.01 g/mol = 77.0175 g CO2

Therefore, there are 77.0175 grams of CO2 in 1.75 moles of CO2.

Explanation:

Answer:

In sphingolipids, the hydrophobic region consists of a longchain sphingoid base with generally 18 carbons, such as sphingosine, which is linked to the acyl group of a fatty acid via an amide bond (R2). The hydrophilic region (R1) consists in the simplest case of a hydroxyl group in the case of ceramide.

Explanation:

The sample of iodized salt contains 0.9105 g of KCI, which is a mixture of NaCl and KCI with a KCI content of 60.7%.

KCI makes up 60.7% of the sample's total mass, and NaCl makes up the remaining portion (100% - 60.7%) of the sample's mass.

Firstly, let's determine the mass of NaCl in the sample:

NaCl mass is equal to (0.5935 g) (100% - 60.7%)*1.50 g.

We can now determine the mass of KCI:

KCI mass equals 60.7% * 1.50 g = 0.9105 g

KCI thus has a mass of 0.9105 g in the iodized salt sample.

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Answer:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between butanoic acid and ethanol to produce ethyl butyrate is:

CH3CH2CH2COOH + C2H5OH → CH3CH2CH2COOC2H5 + H2O

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of butanoic acid reacts with 1 mole of ethanol to produce 1 mole of ethyl butyrate and 1 mole of water. The molar mass of butanoic acid is 88.11 g/mol and the molar mass of ethyl butyrate is 116.16 g/mol.

To find out how many grams of ethyl butyrate can be produced from 8.55 g of butanoic acid, we first need to determine how many moles of butanoic acid are present:

moles of butanoic acid = mass / molar mass = 8.55 g / 88.11 g/mol = 0.097 mol

Since the reaction has a yield of 78.0%, we can calculate the theoretical yield of ethyl butyrate as follows:

theoretical yield = moles of butanoic acid × (1 mol ethyl butyrate / 1 mol butanoic acid) × 78.0%

= 0.097 mol × 1 × 0.78

= 0.0757 mol

Finally, we can calculate the actual mass of ethyl butyrate produced using its molar mass:

mass of ethyl butyrate = moles of ethyl butyrate × molar mass

= 0.0757 mol × 116.16 g/mol

= 8.80 g

Therefore, from 8.55 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, the chemist can produce 8.80 g of ethyl butyrate with the more efficient catalyst.

Answer:

we need 19.52 g of sugar to produce 10 g of ethanol.

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose (sugar) to ethanol (C2H5OH) is:

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

From the equation, we can see that one mole of glucose (C6H12O6) reacts to produce two moles of ethanol (C2H5OH). To determine how many grams of sugar are needed to produce 10g of ethanol, we need to use stoichiometry and the molar mass of glucose.

The molar mass of glucose is 180.16 g/mol, and the molar mass of ethanol is 46.07 g/mol. Therefore, we can calculate the number of moles of ethanol produced from 10 g as follows:

moles of C2H5OH = mass / molar mass = 10 g / 46.07 g/mol = 0.217 moles

Since two moles of ethanol are produced from one mole of glucose, we can calculate the number of moles of glucose needed as follows:

moles of glucose = 0.217 moles / 2 = 0.1085 moles

Finally, we can calculate the mass of glucose needed as follows:

mass of glucose = moles of glucose × molar mass of glucose

mass of glucose = 0.1085 moles × 180.16 g/mol

mass of glucose = 19.52 g

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\: \sf \underline{\pink{C_6H_{12}O_6} \longrightarrow \pink{2\:C_2H_5OH}+2CO_2}\\[/tex]

As per this equation, 1 mole of [tex]\sf C_6H_{12}O_6 [/tex] produces 2 moles of [tex]\sf C_2H_5OH[/tex] and 2 moles of [tex]\sf CO_2[/tex]

Molar mass of 1 mole of [tex]\sf C_6H_12O_6 [/tex]-

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf Molar\: Mass_{( C_6H_{12}O_6 )} = 12\times 6 + 1\times 12 + 16 \times 6\\[/tex]

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf Molar\: Mass_{( C_6H_{12}O_6 )} =\underline{180 \:grams }\\[/tex]

Molar Mass of 2 moles of [tex]\sf C_2H_5OH[/tex]-

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf Molar \:Mass _{( C_2H_5OH)} = 2\bigg(12 \times2 + 1\times 5 + 16 +1\bigg)\\[/tex]

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf Molar \:Mass _{( C_2H_5OH)} =2\times 46 \\[/tex]

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf Molar \:Mass _{( C_2H_5OH)} =\underline{92\: grams }\\[/tex]

As per equation, 92 grams of [tex]\sf C_2H_5OH[/tex] can be produced from 180 grams of sugar. So, for making 10 grams of [tex]\sf C_2H_5OH[/tex],we have to multiply 180 by 10 and then divide by 92. 180 grams of sugar is needed to make 92 grams of ethanol. Therefore -

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf \dfrac{180\times 10}{92}\\[/tex]

[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf \underline{\pink{19.565 \:grams }}\\[/tex]

19.565 grams of sugar will be needed to make 10 g [tex]\sf C_2H_5OH[/tex]

The molecular formula of HFO2 tells us that it contains one hydrogen atom (H), one fluorine atom (F), and two oxygen atoms (O). The atomic masses of H, F, and O are 1.0, 19.0, and 16.0 g/mol, respectively.

Formula mass = (1 x atomic mass of H) + (1 x atomic mass of F) + (2 x atomic mass of O)

= (1 x 1.0 g/mol) + (1 x 19.0 g/mol) + (2 x 16.0 g/mol)

= 1.0 g/mol + 19.0 g/mol + 32.0 g/mol

= 52.0 g/mol

By adding the masses of each individual atom in the compound's formula, the formula mass is determined. The ions can be regarded as atoms for the purposes of determining the formula mass since a valid formula is electrically neutral (with no net electrons gained or lost).

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Answer:

To determine the moles of potassium chloride required to completely precipitate all of the silver, we first need to write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between silver and potassium chloride. The balanced chemical equation is:

AgNO3 + KCl → AgCl + KNO3

This equation shows that 1 mole of AgNO3 reacts with 1 mole of KCl to produce 1 mole of AgCl.

Next, we can calculate the moles of silver in the solution using its molar mass:

moles of Ag = mass / molar mass

moles of Ag = 3.08 g / 107.87 g/mol

moles of Ag = 0.0286 mol

Since the reaction between silver and potassium chloride is 1:1, we need the same number of moles of KCl as the number of moles of Ag:

moles of KCl = 0.0286 mol

Finally, to determine the mass of KCl required, we can use its molar mass:

mass of KCl = moles of KCl x molar mass

mass of KCl = 0.0286 mol x 74.55 g/mol

mass of KCl = 2.13 g

Therefore, we need to add 0.0286 moles of KCl (equivalent to 2.13 g) to completely precipitate all of the silver.

Answer:

Looking at the balanced chemical equation:

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → 2H2O + MgCl2

We can see that for every 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl) that react, 2 moles of water (H2O) are produced.

Therefore, if 2 moles of HCl produce 2 moles of H2O, then 9.8 moles of HCl will produce:

(9.8 mol HCl) x (2 mol H2O/2 mol HCl) = 9.8 mol H2O

So, 9.8 moles of hydrochloric acid reacting with magnesium hydroxide will produce 9.8 moles of water.

Explanation:

Answer:

Hypothesis: If I use SuperGro fertilizer on my tomato plants, then the harvest will be greater than if I do not use the fertilizer.

Experiment: I would divide my tomato plants into two groups. The first group would be the control group and receive no fertilizer. The second group would be the experimental group and receive SuperGro fertilizer. I would use the same type and number of tomato plants in both groups and plant them in the same location with the same amount of sunlight and water.

Control group: Tomato plants that receive no fertilizer

Experimental group: Tomato plants that receive SuperGro fertilizer

Independent variable: SuperGro fertilizer

Dependent variable: Tomato harvest

Control variables: type and number of tomato plants, location, amount of sunlight and water

Hypothetical results: The tomato plants in the experimental group that received SuperGro fertilizer produced double the amount of tomatoes compared to the tomato plants in the control group that did not receive fertilizer.

Conclusion: Based on the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that SuperGro fertilizer does have a significant effect on increasing tomato harvest. Therefore, using SuperGro fertilizer can be recommended for individuals who want to increase their tomato harvest.

Explanation:

This means that for every 2 moles of carbon dioxide produced, 3 moles of oxygen are consumed. Conversely, for every 3 moles of oxygen consumed, 2 moles of carbon dioxide are produced.

What is Molar Ratio?

The molar ratio is a term used in chemistry that describes the ratio between the number of moles of one substance in a chemical reaction to another substance in the same reaction.

In a balanced chemical equation, the coefficients that are written in front of each reactant and product represent the relative numbers of moles of each substance that are involved in the reaction. The molar ratio is simply the ratio of the coefficients of any two substances in the reaction

The balanced chemical equation is:

C2H4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O

From this equation, we can see that the molar ratio of carbon dioxide (CO2) to oxygen (O2) is 2:3.

It's important to note that the molar ratio is based on the coefficients of the balanced equation, which represent the relative number of molecules or moles of each substance involved in the reaction. The molar ratio can be used to calculate the amount of reactants or products involved in the reaction, given the amount of one of the substances.

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Answer:

The molar mass of aspirin (C9H8O4) can be calculated as follows:

1 mol C = 12.01 g

9 mol C = 9 x 12.01 g = 108.09 g

8 mol H = 8 x 1.01 g = 8.08 g

4 mol O = 4 x 16.00 g = 64.00 g

Total molar mass of aspirin = 180.17 g/mol

To determine the number of aspirin molecules in 200 mg of aspirin, we first need to convert the mass of aspirin to moles:

200 mg aspirin x (1 g / 1000 mg) x (1 mol / 180.17 g) = 0.001110 moles aspirin

Next, we use Avogadro's number to convert moles of aspirin to molecules:

0.001110 moles aspirin x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol = 6.68 x 10^20 aspirin molecules

Therefore, there are approximately 6.68 x 10^20 aspirin molecules in 200 mg of aspirin.

Answer:

First, let's find the moles of NaOH:

moles NaOH = Molarity x Volume (L)

moles NaOH = 0.700 mol/L x 0.01100 L

moles NaOH = 0.00770 mol

Next, let's find the moles of HCl:

moles HCl = Molarity x Volume (L)

moles HCl = 0.200 mol/L x 0.00100 L

moles HCl = 0.00020 mol

Since NaOH and HCl react in a 1:1 ratio, we can see that all of the HCl will react with the NaOH and none will be left over. This means that the concentration of NaOH in the final solution is:

0.00770 mol / (0.01100 L + 0.05000 L) = 0.1027 M

Now we can find the pOH of the solution:

pOH = -log[OH-]

pOH = -log(0.1027)

pOH = 0.990

And finally, we can find the pH of the solution:

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - 0.990

pH = 13.01

Therefore, the pH of the resulting solution is 13.01.

The hydrogen ion has a concentration of 1000 times more than the hydroxide ion, which has a concentration of 3.1623× 10^9 M.

Assume that x is the hydroxide ion concentration.

x=[OH−]

If the hydrogen ion is 1000 times more abundant, then [H+]=1000x (x)=1.010^14x^2=1.010^14

1000x=√1.010^14

1000x=3.162310^9

[OH] =3.1623×10^9 M

Hence, 3.1623 10^9 M of hydroxide ions are present.

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The molarity of the solution is 1.112 M. To calculate the molarity of a solution, you need to know the amount of solute (in moles) and the volume of the solution (in liters).

The number of moles per litre of solution is how it is defined. It is employed to calculate the gramme equivalent in respect to the entire solution volume. It is employed for calculating the mole ratio in the solution's overall volume. Normality is measured in N or eq L-1 units.

First, you need to convert the given mass of NaCl into moles. The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol.

Number of moles of NaCl = 65 g / 58.44 g/mol = 1.112 mol

Now, you can calculate the molarity of the solution using the formula:

Molarity = Number of moles of solute / Volume of solution in liters

Molarity = 1.112 mol / 1 L

Molarity = 1.112 M

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Answer:

The molar mass of O2 is 32g/mol.

Explanation:

So the mol amount of these O2 is 56/32=2 mol. STP stands for the standard temperature and pressure which means the temperature is 0 ℃ and pressure is 100 kPa. And the molar volume of gas is 22.7 L/mol under STP. So the answer is 22.7*2=45.4 L

0.128 moles of O2 were collected.

The purpose of collecting the oxygen over water is to prevent any other gas from entering the collection vessel. The water acts as a barrier to keep out other gases.

To determine the moles of O2 collected, we need to correct for the presence of water vapor in the sample. At 25.00°C, the vapor pressure of water is 23.76 mmHg or 0.0313 atm.

First, we can calculate the partial pressure of oxygen:

P(O2) = total pressure - vapor pressure of water

P(O2) = 0.886 atm - 0.0313 atm

P(O2) = 0.8547 atm

Next, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the moles of O2:

n = PV/RT

where P is the partial pressure of O2, V is the volume of the sample, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)), and T is the temperature in Kelvin (25.00°C + 273.15 = 298.15 K).

n = (0.8547 atm)(2.92 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K))(298.15 K)

n = 0.107 mol

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According to the trends method of forecasting, the snowstorm will arrive in about 4 hours with speed of 35 miles/hr. The correct answer is option A.

We can use the formula:

Time = Distance / Speed

to calculate the time it will take for the snowstorm to reach your town.

The distance between the snowstorm and your town is 140 miles, and it is moving at a speed of 35 miles per hour.

Time = 140 miles / 35 miles per hour

Time = 4 hours

The solution provided above uses the formula:

Time = Distance / Speed

This formula relates the time it takes for an object to travel a certain distance to the speed at which it is traveling. In this case, the object is the snowstorm, the distance is the distance between the snowstorm and your town (140 miles), and the speed is the speed at which the snowstorm is moving (35 miles per hour).

When we divide the distance (140 miles) by the speed (35 miles per hour), we get a result of 4 hours. This means that it will take the snowstorm 4 hours to travel the distance of 140 miles and reach your town. The trends method of forecasting assumes that the speed and direction of the snowstorm will remain constant, and therefore we can use this formula to estimate the time it will take for the snowstorm to arrive. It is important to note that this method is based on the assumption that the speed and direction of the snowstorm will not change, and therefore may not be accurate in all situations. Additionally, weather forecasting is a complex process that involves many factors, and the trends method is just one of many methods used to forecast weather.

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A base is a proton acceptor according to the Brnsted-Lowry classification of acids and bases, whereas an acid is a proton (H+) donor. A Brnsted-Lowry acid drops a proton, creating a conjugate base.

Any hydrogen-containing substance that has the ability to donate a proton (hydrogen particle) to another substance is considered an acid. A base is a molecule or particle that can take on an acid's hydrogen ion.

A Bronsted-Lowry base is a compound that can receive a hydrogen ion, whereas a Bronsted-Lowry acid can donate one. A substance that can give two electrons is known as a Lewis base.

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The balanced equation for the dissolution of Ba(IO3)2 is: [tex]Ba(IO3)2 (s) → Ba2+ (aq) + 2IO3- (aq)[/tex]

Let x be the molar solubility of Ba(IO3)2 in the presence of 0.0200 M Ba(NO3)2. Then, the equilibrium concentrations of Ba2+ and IO3- can be expressed in terms of x as follows: [Ba2+] = x + 0.0200 M [IO3-] = 2x The solubility product constant (Ksp) expression for Ba(IO3)2 is: [tex]Ksp = [Ba2+][IO3-]^2[/tex]

Substituting the expressions for [Ba2+] and [IO3-] into the Ksp expression, we get: [tex]Ksp = (x + 0.0200)(2x)^2 = 4x^3 + 0.12x^2[/tex]+ 0.0008 Since the molar solubility of Ba(IO3)2 is small compared to the initial concentration of Ba(NO3)2, we can assume that x is much smaller than 0.0200 M.

This means that we can neglect the contribution of x to 0.0200 M and simplify the Ksp expression to:[tex]Ksp ≈ 8x^3[/tex]At equilibrium, the value of Ksp must be equal to the product of the concentrations of the ions raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.

Thus: [tex]Ksp = [Ba2+][IO3-]^2 ≈ 8x^3[/tex] Substituting the expressions for [Ba2+] and [IO3-] into this equation, we get: [tex]8x^3 = (x + 0.0200)(2x)^2[/tex]Simplifying and solving for x, we obtain: [tex]x = 4.56 x 10^-6 M[/tex]Therefore, the molar solubility of Ba(IO3)2 in a solution that is 0.0200 M Ba(NO3)2 is [tex]4.56 x 10^-6 M[/tex]

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In order to satisfy the Law of Conservation of Mass, 64.7 grammes of items must be produced.

The following diagram illustrates the balanced chemical equation for propane combustion: C 3 H 8 ( g ) ( g ) Propane plus O2O ( g ) CO2 3 Oxygen ( g ) Carbon dioxide + 4 hydrogen ions ( l ) Heat plus water.

We must create a balanced chemical equation for propane combustion in order to resolve this issue:

C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O

We must figure out how many moles of oxygen and propane are used in the reaction.

moles of propane = 14.0 g / 44.1 g/mol = 0.317 mol

moles of oxygen = 102.0 g / 32.0 g/mol = 3.1875 mol

moles of oxygen used = 0.317 mol x 5 = 1.585 mol

moles of oxygen left over = 3.1875 mol - 1.585 mol = 1.6025 mol

we can use the mole ratios in the balanced equation to determine the moles of products formed:

moles of carbon dioxide = 3 x 0.317 mol = 0.951 mol

moles of water = 4 x 0.317 mol = 1.268 mol

Now we can calculate the total mass of the products:

mass of carbon dioxide = 0.951 mol x 44.01 g/mol = 41.8 g

mass of water = 1.268 mol x 18.02 g/mol = 22.9 g

Total mass of products = mass of carbon dioxide + mass of water

= 41.8 g + 22.9 g

= 64.7 g

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Answer:

(I) - B

(II) - C
(III) - C
(IV) - D

Explanation:

(I) both of carboxylic acids (B) and alcohols (E) are miscible in H2O, but carboxylic acids increase the acidity of water/solution

(II) Saturated hydrocarbons are from alkane hydrocarbons and they don't have pi bonds, only sigma bonds, and (C) is an alkane (Propane).

(III) Alkanes (C) are unreactive because of sigma bonds which are strong bonds that needs high energy to break

(IV) any unsaturated hydrocarbon (having pi bonds or double bonds, "==" in Lewis Structure) decolourizes Br2 since Br atoms react with the unsaturated hydrocarbon, producing bromo-alkane, for instance, 1-propene (D) + Br2 ---> 1-bromo propane

Answer:

1- volume of balloon = 0.46949 L
2- volume = 0.71399 L
3- V = 0.28510 L = 285.102 mL
4- V = 1.80537 L

Explanation:
It's all about Charles' law

Charles' law: The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature AT CONSTANT PRESSURE.

then, we conclude that:

[tex]\frac{V_{1} }{T_{1} } = \frac{V_{2} }{T_{2} }[/tex]

in which V1 : initial volume in Liters, T1: initial temperature in Kelvin, V2: final volume in Liters, T2: final temperature in Kelvin.

*Temperature in Kelvin = Temperature in Celsius + 273

in Q1:

[tex]\frac{0.5}{22+273} =\frac{V_{2} }{4+273}[/tex]

[tex]V_{2} = \frac{0.5(4+273)}{22+273} = 0.46949 L[/tex]

in Q2:

[tex]\frac{0.4}{293} = \frac{V_{2}}{523}[/tex]

[tex]V_{2} = \frac{523 * 0.4 }{293} = 0.71399 L[/tex]

in Q3:

[tex]\frac{0.25}{292} = \frac{V_{2}}{333}[/tex]

[tex]V_{2} = \frac{333*0.25}{292} = 0.285102 L = 285.102mL[/tex]

in Q4:

[tex]\frac{2}{298} = \frac{V_2}{269}[/tex]

[tex]V_2 = \frac{2*269}{298} = 1.80537 L[/tex]

Nuclear reactions can be affected  by temperature.

option A.

Temperature can affect nuclear reactions by increasing the kinetic energy of the particles, which can result in more collisions and a higher likelihood of nuclear reactions occurring.

Pressure does not directly affect nuclear reactions, as they primarily involve the nucleus of an atom and not the electrons or other components of the atom that are influenced by pressure.

Catalysts are not typically involved in nuclear reactions, as they involve changes to the nucleus of an atom and not the chemical reactions that catalysts typically affect.

Therefore, the correct answer is A, temperature.

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Answer:

An allele is a variant form of a gene that occurs at a specific location on a chromosome. In other words, it is one of two or more versions of a gene that exist in a population or an individual organism.

Each organism inherits two copies of each gene, one from each parent. The two copies may be the same (homozygous) or different (heterozygous) alleles. The combination of alleles determines the organism's genotype, which in turn influences its phenotype, or observable traits.

Alleles may differ in their effects on the organism, with some being dominant (expressed even in the presence of a different allele) and others being recessive (expressed only in the absence of a dominant allele). The study of alleles and their effects on inheritance is known as genetics, a field that has important applications in medicine, agriculture, and many other areas.

Explanation: