Answer:
1. The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that move and interact with each other. These plates are made up of the Earth's crust and the upper part of the mantle, and they move due to the convection currents in the mantle.
2. Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago. It was made up of all the continents that we know today, and it began to break apart about 200 million years ago.
3. Wegener's original idea about continental drift was referred to as intuition and not science because he did not have a mechanism to explain how the continents moved. Additionally, he did not have enough evidence to support his theory.
4. Wegener found several pieces of evidence that he believed supported his theory of continental drift. He noticed that the coastlines of South America and Africa fit together like puzzle pieces, and he also found similar rock formations and fossils on both continents.
Evidence for plate tectonics:
Rock formation evidence: Scientists have found similar rock formations on different continents that were once connected. For example, the Appalachian Mountains in North America and the Caledonian Mountains in Europe have similar rock formations.
Fossil evidence: Scientists have found fossils of the same species on different continents that were once connected. For example, the Glossopteris plant was found in South America, Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica. This suggests that these continents were once connected and had similar climates.
Glossopteris: Glossopteris was a plant that lived about 250 million years ago. It was found on several continents that were once connected, including South America, Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica. This suggests that these continents were once connected and had similar climates.
Mesosaurus: Mesosaurus was a freshwater reptile that lived about 300 million years ago. Its fossils have been found in South America and Africa, which suggests that these continents were once connected and had similar habitats.
Cynognathus: Cynognathus was a carnivorous mammal-like reptile that lived about 250 million years ago. Its fossils have been found in South America, Africa, and Antarctica, which suggests that these continents were once connected and had similar habitats.
Lystrosaurus: Lystrosaurus was a herbivorous mammal-like reptile that lived about 250 million years ago. Its fossils have been found in South America, Africa, India, and Antarctica, which suggests that these continents were once connected and had similar habitats.
Glacier and coal deposit evidence: Scientists have found evidence of glaciers and coal deposits in areas that are now near the equator. This suggests that these areas were once located near the poles and have moved due to plate tectonics. Additionally, coal deposits found in Antarctica suggest that it was once located in a warmer climate.
Light passes from air (n=1) into another medium at 30.0 degrees to the normal. If the angle of refraction is 18.0 degrees, what is the index of refraction of the new medium?
The refractive index of the new medium is approximately 1.59.
Snell's law relates the angles of incidence and refraction of light passing through a boundary between two media with different refractive indices (n). The formula is:
n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂
where n₁ is the refractive index of the first medium, θ₁ is the angle of incidence, n₂ is the refractive index of the second medium, and θ₂ is the angle of refraction.
In this problem, we know that the angle of incidence is 30.0 degrees and the angle of refraction is 18.0 degrees. We also know that the refractive index of air (n₁) is 1.00. Therefore, we can use Snell's law to solve for the refractive index of the new medium (n₂):
n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂
1.00 sin 30.0° = n₂ sin 18.0°
n₂ = (1.00 sin 30.0°) / sin 18.0°
n₂ ≈ 1.59
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Find the magnitude of the electric force between the charges 0. 12 C and 0. 33 C at a separation of 2. 5 m. Is the force attractive or repulsive?
The magnitude of the electric force between the charges 0. 12 C and 0. 33 C at a separation of 2. 5 m is 4.987 N. If the charges are of the same sign, the force will be repulsive; if they are of opposite signs, the force will be attractive.
We can use Coulomb's law to find the magnitude of the electric force between two charges:
F = k * ([tex]q_{1}[/tex] * [tex]q_{2}[/tex]) / [tex]r^{2}[/tex]
where F is the magnitude of the force, k is Coulomb's constant (9 x [tex]10^{9}[/tex]10^9 N*[tex]m^{2}[/tex]/[tex]C^{2}[/tex]), [tex]q_{1}[/tex] and [tex]q_{2}[/tex] are the magnitudes of the charges, and r is the separation between the charges.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
F = (9 x [tex]10^{9}[/tex] N*[tex]m^{2}[/tex]/[tex]C^{2}[/tex]) * ((0.12 C) * (0.33 C)) / (2.5 m)^2
Simplifying:
F = 4.987 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the electric force between the charges is approximately 4.987 N.
To determine whether the force is attractive or repulsive, we need to know the signs of the charges.
Since the problem does not specify the signs of the charges, we cannot determine whether the force is attractive or repulsive.
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A hot tub holds 480kg of water. On a cold day, the initial temperature of the water is 4 degrees C. Before getting in, the hot tub needs to reach a temperature of 50 C.
A). how much heat is needed to warm up the hot tub water?
B). The hot tub is heated by a propane heater. When burned, propane releases 4.65x10⁷ joules of heat energy per kilogram of propane. How much propane has to be burned to heat the hot tub water?
How do i set this up??
The amοunt οf heat required tο increase the temperature οf 480 kg water tο increase the temperature frοm 4°C tο 50°C is 9.3 × 10⁷ J.
The amοunt οf prοpane burned is 2kg.
What is heat energy?Temperature is a numerical indicatοr οf hοw hοt οr cοld sοmething is. Atοms and mοlecules make up sοlids, liquids, and gases. The temperature οf that substance wοuld be lοw while these atοms and mοlecules are mοving slοwly. The temperature rises as the atοms and mοlecules mοve mοre quickly. The cοmbined energy οf these atοms and mοlecules in mοtiοn is knοwn as heat.
Cοnductiοn, cοnvectiοn and radiatiοn are the three methοds οf heat transfer.
Using the fοrmula:
H = m×s×ΔT
where,
H is the tοtal heat
m is the mass
and ΔT is the change in temperature.
substituting the values and sοlving fοr H,
H = 9.3× 10⁷ J
The amοunt οf prοpane required = H/h
where
H is the tοtal heat and,
h is the heat released by 1kg οf Prοpane.
Mass οf prοpane required= 2kg
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Find a center of mass of a thin plate of density delta equals 5 bounded by the lines y equals x and x equals 0 and the parabola y equals 20 minus x squared in the first quadrant
The center of mass of the thin plate is located at the point (16/3, 8/3) in the first quadrant.
To find the center of mass of a thin plate with a density of delta equals 5 bounded by the lines y equals x and x equals 0 and the parabola y equals 20 minus x squared in the first quadrant, we can use the following formula:
x = (1/M) ∫∫ x δ(x,y) dA
y = (1/M) ∫∫ y δ(x,y) dA
Now we can use this value of M to find the center of mass:
x = (1/M) ∫∫ x δ(x,y) dA
= (1/125) ∫₀²₀ ∫₀^x x 5 dy dx
= (1/125) ∫₀²₀ 5x²/2 dx
= 16/3
y = (1/M) ∫∫ y δ(x,y) dA
= (1/125) ∫₀²₀ ∫₀^x y 5 dy dx
= (1/125) ∫₀²₀ 5x(20-x²)/2 dx
= 8/3
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How do this ? I don’t know. I need help
Answer:
inductance and genorator
Explanation:
Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it. The flow of electric current creates a magnetic field around the conductor. The field strength depends on the magnitude of the current, and follows any changes in current.
in which electrical wave changed into mechanical wave
What are the temperature and energy changes for segment A (red line) on the heating curve for water?
The region marked segment A occurs at 100 degrees Celsius and is the latent heat of vaporization.
What is the latent heat of vaporization?The latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat energy required to change the state of a substance from a liquid to a gas (vapor) at a constant temperature and pressure.
During the phase transition, the energy supplied to the substance is used to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction between the particles, which allows the particles to escape from the liquid phase and enter the gaseous phase. This results in an increase in the internal energy of the substance, but with no change in temperature.
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a 22.0 kg child is riding a playground merry-go-round that is rotating at 40.0 rev/min. what centripetal force must be exerted on her for her to remain at constant distance of 1.97 m from the merry-go-round's center
The centripetal force exerted on a 22.0 kg child riding a playground merry-go-round rotating at 40.0 rev/min, to remain at a constant distance of 1.97 m from the merry-go-round's center is 502.82 N.
Centripetal force is the force required to maintain an object in a circular motion with a constant speed. Its direction is towards the center of the circle in which the object is moving.
The formula for calculating the centripetal force is given as: Fc = mv2/r where,
Fc is the centripetal force, m is the mass of the object,
v is the velocity of the object,
r is the radius of the circle.
Substituting the given values,
Mass of the child, m = 22.0 kg
Velocity, v = 40.0 rev/min,
we know 1 rev = 2π rad2π rad/1 rev so 40.0 rev/min = 40.0 * 2π rad/min = 80π rad/min
Radius, r = 1.97 m
Now, converting the velocity units from radians per minute to meters per second,1 rad/min = (1/60) rad/s
Therefore, 80π rad/min = 80π/60 rad/s = (4/3)π rad/s
Velocity, v = rω where, ω is the angular velocity.
Substituting the given values,ω = v/rω = (4/3)π rad/s / 1.97 mω = 2.012 rad/s
Substituting the given values in the formula for centripetal force, we get
Fc = mv2/rFc = 22.0 kg × (2.012 m/s)2 / 1.97 mFc = 502.82 N
Thus, the centripetal force exerted on the child is 502.82 N.
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A body is displaced through a certain distance x by a force of 30n. if the work done is 100j and the displacement is in the direction of force, what is the value of x
The work done on an object by a constant force is given by the formula:
W = Fd cos(theta)
where:
W = work done (in joules)
F = applied force (in newtons)
d = displacement (in meters)
theta = angle between the force and displacement vectors (in degrees)
In this case, the force is in the same direction as the displacement, so the angle between them is 0 degrees. Therefore, we can simplify the formula to:
W = Fd
We are given that the work done is 100 J and the force is 30 N. Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
100 J = 30 N * d
Solving for d, we get:
d = 100 J / (30 N) = 3.33 meters
Therefore, the displacement is 3.33 meters.
Answer the following questions
1- How to Calculate Power?
2- What is the units of Power?
3- Write a solved example?
Answer:
1- How to Calculate Power?
ans; power is defined as " work done per unit time"
therefore calculated by P= Work/time.
2- What is the units of Power?
Ans; It is watt denoted by "W"
3- Write a solved example?
Ans; Lets say we move a block from One place to another by using 10joules in 4 seconds.
so put values
P=work/time
P=10/4
P=2.5
Explanation:
light travels a certain distance in 2000 years. is it possible that an astronaut, traveling slower than light, would go as far in 20 years of her life as light travels in 2000 years?
They will be unable to cover as much distance as light does.
The statement is: Light travels a certain distance in 2000 years. No, it is not possible for an astronaut, traveling slower than light, to go as far in 20 years of her life as light travels in 2000 years because the speed of light is constant and cannot be matched by anything with mass.
The speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792,458 meters per second (m/s), which is incredibly fast. On the other hand, the fastest spacecraft to ever leave Earth was NASA's New Horizons probe, which traveled at a speed of about 16.26 kilometers per second.
It would take this spacecraft 37,200 years to travel 2000 light-years. Astronauts cannot travel faster than the speed of light, and their velocity will always be lower than that of light. As a result, they will be unable to cover as much distance as light does.
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in one cycle of the engine, the net change in the entropy of both reservoirs (hot and cold together) is.
In one cycle of an engine, the net change in the entropy of both reservoirs (hot and cold together) is zero. This is because the entropy of each reservoir remains constant throughout the cycle.
Entropy is a measure of the randomness and disorder of a system, so the fact that the entropy of the two reservoirs remains constant throughout the cycle is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy. The engine cycle is designed so that the energy transfers between the two reservoirs cause the entropy of each reservoir to remain constant.
In an ideal cycle, the total amount of energy transferred from the hot reservoir to the cold reservoir is equal to the total amount of energy transferred from the cold reservoir to the hot reservoir. Thus, the net change in the entropy of both reservoirs is zero. This can be shown by examining the equation for the change in entropy of a system:
ΔS = Q/T, where Q is the energy transfer and T is the temperature.
The amount of energy transferred between the hot and cold reservoirs will be the same in both directions. Thus, the temperature ratio between the two reservoirs is the same. Since the energy transfer is the same, the change in entropy for both reservoirs is equal, and the net change in entropy is zero. This can be illustrated by the following equation:
ΔS = Q/T = Q/T + Q/T = 0.
In summary, the net change in the entropy is zero. This is due to the law of conservation of energy and the fact that the temperature ratio between the two reservoirs remains constant during the cycle.
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3. An 87 kg fullback moving east with a speed of 5.0 m/s is tackled by a 97 kg opponent running
west at 3.5 m/s, and collision is perfectly inelastic. Calculate the following:
Given:
Sketch the before and after collisions:
a.
The velocity of the players just after the tackle
b. The decrease in kinetic energy during the collision
The decrease in kinetic energy during the collision is 1187.62 J.
Steps
Before the collision, the fullback's momentum is:
p1 = m1v1 = (87 kg)(5.0 m/s) = 435 kg*m/s (to the east)
The opponent's momentum is:
p2 = m2v2 = (97 kg)(-3.5 m/s) = -339.5 kg*m/s (to the west)
The total momentum before the collision is:
p1 + p2 = (435 kgm/s) + (-339.5 kgm/s) = 95.5 kg*m/s (to the east)
After the collision, the two players move together as one mass. Let vf be their common final velocity. Then the total momentum after the collision is:
p = (m1 + m2)vf = (87 kg + 97 kg)vf = 184 kg*vf (to the east)
Since momentum is conserved, we can equate the total momentum before and after the collision:
p1 + p2 = p
95.5 kgm/s = 184 kgvf
vf = 0.52 m/s (to the east)
Therefore, the velocity of the players just after the tackle is 0.52 m/s to the east.
To find the decrease in kinetic energy during the collision, we first need to find the initial kinetic energy:
KEi = (1/2)m1v1^2 + (1/2)m2v2^2
KEi = (1/2)(87 kg)(5.0 m/s)^2 + (1/2)(97 kg)(-3.5 m/s)^2
KEi = 1211.75 J
Since the collision is perfectly inelastic, the final velocity is the same for both players, and their combined mass is 184 kg. Therefore, the final kinetic energy is:
KEf = (1/2)mvf^2
KEf = (1/2)(184 kg)(0.52 m/s)^2
KEf = 24.13 J
The decrease in kinetic energy during the collision is:
ΔKE = KEi - KEf
ΔKE = 1187.62 J
Therefore, the decrease in kinetic energy during the collision is 1187.62 J.
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Directions: SHOW ALL WORK.
What net force is required to accelerate a car at a rate of 2 m/s² if the car has a mass
of 3.000 kg?
F=
m=
Hint: Gravity has an acceleration of 9.8m/s2
a=
Mass times the body's acceleration is how force is calculated. m * a = 3000 * 2 = 6000 Newton is the formula for force, which is defined as mass times acceleration.
What does force in science mean?The definition of "force" is obvious. At this level, the phrases "push" and "pull" are entirely suitable to describe forces. A force is not something that exists inside or within an object. A force acts on the first thing from another.
What differences do forces have?These types of forces are present when two objects interact physically and physically come into contact with one another. The various types of contact forces include frictional, tensile forces, normal, air pressure, applied, and spring forces.
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Gravity has an acceleration of 9.8m/s2. However, this does not apply to the question since the acceleration of the car is 2 m/s². The net force required to accelerate the car is 6.000 kg m/s².
What is acceleration?Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. It is a vector quantity that is defined as the change in velocity divided by the change in time. Acceleration can be seen as the rate at which an object changes its speed or the rate at which its direction changes. Acceleration can occur in any direction, and can be either positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down). In physics, acceleration can be caused by forces, such as gravity, friction, and air resistance, or by changes in the motion of an object, such as starting, stopping, turning, or changing speed.
F = ma
F = (3.000 kg)(2 m/s²)
F = 6.000 kg m/s²
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Categorize each scenario according to whether or not work is done on the object. Work is not done Work is done on the locked door that remains closed while you try to pull it open on the door as you push against it and open it pull a tablecloth out from under them and they remain in place on the dishes when you on boxes as you lift them and place them on the shelf on a shopping cart as you push it around the store on the piano when you drop it from the thind floor to the ground floor on the bowling ball that you are holding while waiting for your turn to bowl
Work is done on the boxes as we push it around the store and on the piano when we drop it from the third floor and work is not done on the locked door, on the dishes and on the bowling ball.
The work done is given by the dot product of the displacement and the force,
W = F.d
W = FdcosA, A is the angle at which the force is applied.
In the first scenario, the work is not done on the locked door that remains closed while we try to pull it open on the door as we push against it and open it, because there is no displacement.
Work in not done to pull a tablecloth out from under them and they remain in place on the dishes, because no displacement of the dishes.
Work is done on boxes as we lift them and place them on the shelf on a shopping cart as we push it around the store because displacement happened.
Work is done on the piano when we drop it from the third floor to the ground floor because A = 0 degrees.
Work is not done on the bowling ball that we are holding while waiting for our turn to bowl because A = 90 degrees.
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Drivers should compensate for a lack of depth perception by..
Answer:
decreasing speed
Explanation:
so that way you have a faster reaction time
A marble is placed in a graduated cylinder, which was filled to the 20 mL mark. The level rises to 40 mL. What happens to the volume of the water?
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
The volume of water remains the same....the new measurement now includes the volume of the marble ( 20 ml)
a 1.60 m m tall person lifts a 1.40 kg k g book off the ground so it is 2.00 m m above the ground. part a what is the potential energy of the book relative to the ground?
27.44 J of the potential energy of the book relative to the ground, when a 1.60 m tall person lifts 1.40 kg of the book off the ground.
A 1.60 m m tall person lifts a 1.40 kg book off the ground so it is 2.00 m m above the ground.
The potential energy of the book relative to the ground would be:
PE = mgh
Where PE is the potential energy,
m is the mass,
g is the acceleration due to gravity, and
h is the height
The acceleration due to gravity is constant and is 9.8 m/s²
mass m = 1.40 kg
Height h = 2.00 m
mgh = 1.40 × 9.8 × 2.00 = 27.44 J
Ans: The potential energy of the book relative to the ground is 27.44 J.
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A baby mouse 1. 2 cm high is standing 4. 0 cm from a converging mirror having a focal length of 30 cm
The problem involves the image formation of a small object by a converging mirror.
According to the mirror equation, 1/f = 1/di + 1/do, where f is the focal length of the mirror, do is the object distance, and di is the image distance. In this case, the object is a baby mouse that is 1.2 cm high and located 4.0 cm away from the mirror. The mirror is a converging mirror with a focal length of 30 cm. To determine the image distance, we can use the mirror equation as follows: 1/30 = 1/di + 1/4. Solving for di, we get: di = 3.75 cm. This means that the image of the baby mouse is formed 3.75 cm behind the mirror. The size of the image can be determined using the magnification equation, M = -di/do, where M is the magnification. Substituting the values, we get: M = -(3.75 cm)/(4.0 cm) = -0.9375. The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted compared to the object. The magnification also tells us that the image is smaller than the object, with a height of: hi = Mho = (-0.9375)(1.2 cm) = -1.125 cm. Again, the negative sign indicates that the image is inverted. The absolute value of the height tells us that the image is smaller than the object, with a height of 1.125 cm.
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A student performing simple pendulum 1.2 sec, 1.23 sec, 4. 18. sec, 1. 25 sec, suspectuly time period. Tume Value Absolute error of Mean absolute ervar Percentage a cerror an experiment note the time period for
Answer:
Based on the data provided, it seems that the student is measuring the time period of a simple pendulum. The measured time periods are:
1.2 sec
1.23 sec
4.18 sec
1.25 sec
To find the mean time period, we add up all the measured values and divide by the total number of measurements:
Mean time period = (1.2 + 1.23 + 4.18 + 1.25) / 4 = 2.215 sec
To find the absolute error of each measurement, we subtract the mean time period from each measurement and take the absolute value:
Absolute error of 1st measurement = abs(1.2 - 2.215) = 1.015 sec
Absolute error of 2nd measurement = abs(1.23 - 2.215) = 0.985 sec
Absolute error of 3rd measurement = abs(4.18 - 2.215) = 1.965 sec
Absolute error of 4th measurement = abs(1.25 - 2.215) = 0.965 sec
To find the mean absolute error, we add up all the absolute errors and divide by the total number of measurements:
Mean absolute error = (1.015 + 0.985 + 1.965 + 0.965) / 4 = 1.23 sec
To find the percentage error of each measurement, we divide the absolute error of each measurement by the mean time period and multiply by 100:
Percentage error of 1st measurement = (1.015 / 2.215) * 100 = 45.9%
Percentage error of 2nd measurement = (0.985 / 2.215) * 100 = 44.4%
Percentage error of 3rd measurement = (1.965 / 2.215) * 100 = 88.8%
Percentage error of 4th measurement = (0.965 / 2.215) * 100 = 43.6%
Note that the third measurement has a significantly larger percentage error compared to the other measurements, which suggests that it may be an outlier or there may have been some systematic error in that particular measurement. It is important to carefully analyze such outliers and repeated experiments to ensure accurate results.
Hw2b. 8. Position from polar velocity a particle starts at time at the position the velocity of the particle is written in the polar basis associated with its current position, and is: what is the position of at ?
The particle's location vector at time t is given by: r(t) = t³ + t² + 1
As per the question, we have the velocity of the particle in polar coordinates, but we need to find the position of the particle at time t. To do this, we need to integrate the velocity vector to obtain the position vector.
Let's consider the given velocity vector:
v(t) = (3t² + 2t)i + (2t² + 3t)j
To integrate this velocity vector, we need to find the corresponding position vector. Since the velocity vector is given in polar coordinates, we can express it in terms of polar variables:
v(t) = r'(t) + r(t)θ'(t)
where r'(t) and θ'(t) are the radial and angular components of the velocity vector, respectively.
By comparing the given velocity vector with the above equation, we can write:
r'(t) = 3t² + 2t
θ'(t) = (2t²+ 3t)/r(t)
Integrating r'(t) with respect to t, we get:
r(t) = t³ + t² + C
where C is the constant of integration.
To determine the value of C, we need to use the initial condition given in the problem. The particle starts at the position r = 1 and θ = π/4 at time t = 0. This implies:
r(0) = 1
θ(0) = π/4
Substituting these values in the equation for r(t), we get:
1 = 0 + 0 + C
C = 1
Therefore, the position vector of the particle at time t is given by:
r(t) = t³ + t² + 1
To find the value of θ at time t, we integrate θ'(t) with respect to t:
θ(t) = ∫(2t² + 3t)/r(t) dt
= ∫(2t² + 3t)/(t³ + t² + 1) dt
This integral is not trivial to solve analytically. Therefore, the position of the particle at time t can be expressed as:
r(t) = (t³ + t² + 1)i + f(t)j
where f(t) is the solution of the above integral for θ(t).
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A 60 kg rollerblader holds a 4 m long rope that is loosely tied around a metal pole. You push the rollerblader, exerting a 40 N force on her, which causes her to move increasingly fast in a counterclockwise circle around the pole. The surface of the skate is smooth, and the wheels of her rollerblades are well oiled. Determine the tangential and rotational acceleration of the rollerblader
The tangential acceleration of the rollerblader is [tex]0 m/s^2[/tex], and her centripetal acceleration is [tex]0.42 m/s^2.[/tex]
What is centripetal force?The force you exert on the rollerblader is causing her to move in a circular path around the metal pole. This means that there must be a centripetal force acting on her, which is provided by the tension in the rope.
[tex]a = v^2 / r[/tex]
where a is the centripetal acceleration, v is the speed of the rollerblader, and r is the radius of the circle.
To find the speed of the rollerblader, we can use the fact that the tension in the rope is equal to the force you exert on her, which is 40 N. Therefore:
Tension = Centripetal force = [tex]m * a = m * v^2 / r[/tex]
[tex]40 N = (60 kg) * v^2 / 4 m[/tex]
[tex]v^2 = (40 N * 4 m) / 60 kg = 2.67 m/s[/tex]
[tex]v = \sqrt(2.67 m/s) = 1.63 m/s[/tex]
Now we can calculate the centripetal acceleration:
[tex]a = v^2 / r = (1.63 m/s)^2 / 4 m = 0.42 m/s^2[/tex]
Since the rollerblader is moving at a constant speed, her tangential acceleration is zero.
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A 0.20 kg k g puck is being pushed across a table with a horizontal force of 2.0 N N . It starts from rest and is pushed for 13 seconds, ending with a speed of 1 m/s m / s . Calculate the coefficient of friction μk μ k between the puck and the table.
Answer:
The coefficient of friction between the puck and the table is [tex]\sf 0.00784[/tex]
Explanation:
Here are some of the equations we will be using. Below are the equations for Work, Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy, Distance, and the Force due to Friction.
[tex]\sf W=fd[/tex]
[tex]\sf K_E=\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]
[tex]\sf U_E=mgh[/tex]
[tex]\sf d=\dfrac{tv_f}{2}+ \dfrac{tv_i}{2}[/tex]
[tex]\sf F_{Fr} =mg \mu_k[/tex]
Conservation of Energy
If there are frictional forces present, then the work done against the frictional forces is equal to the change in the total Mechanical Energy. The Mechanical Energy will decrease because of the work done against the frictional forces.
[tex]\sf W_{Fr}= \left(K_F+U_F\right)-\left(K_i+U_i\right)[/tex]
Lets put together some of these formulas now.
[tex]\sf -F_{Fr} d= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2+mgh_f\right)-\left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_i^2+mgh_i\right)[/tex]
[tex]\sf -mg \mu_k\left(\sf \dfrac{tv_f}{2}+ \dfrac{tv_i}{2}\right)= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2+mgh_f\right)-\left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_i^2+mgh_i\right)[/tex]
In this example our object is starting from rest and is on a flat surface, so we can cancel out any terms with [tex]\sf v_i[/tex] and [tex]\sf h[/tex].
[tex]\sf -mg \mu_k \left(\sf \dfrac{tv_f}{2}\right)= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2\right)[/tex]
Lets solve for [tex]\sf \mu_k[/tex].
Combine [tex]\sf m[/tex] and [tex]\sf \frac{tv_f}{2}[/tex].
[tex]\sf -1\cdot g \cdot \mu_k \cdot \left(\sf \dfrac{m(tv_f)}{2}\right)= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2\right)[/tex]
Combine [tex]\sf g[/tex] and [tex]\sf \frac{m(tv_f)}{2}[/tex].
[tex]\sf -1\cdot \mu_k \cdot\left(\sf \dfrac{g(m(tv_f))}{2}\right)= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2\right)[/tex]
Combine [tex]\mu_k[/tex] and [tex]\sf \frac{g(m(tv_f))}{2}[/tex].
[tex]\sf -1\cdot\sf \dfrac{g(m(tv_f))\mu_k}{2}= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2\right)[/tex]
Remove the parentheses.
[tex]\sf -1\cdot\sf \dfrac{gmtv_f\mu_k}{2}= \left(\sf \dfrac{1}{2}mv_f^2\right)[/tex]
Simplify the right side.
[tex]\sf -1\cdot\sf \dfrac{gmtv_f\mu_k}{2}= \sf \dfrac{mv_f^2}{2}[/tex]
Divide both sides of the equation by [tex]\sf -1[/tex].
[tex]\sf \sf \dfrac{gmtv_f\mu_k}{2}= -\sf \dfrac{mv_f^2}{2}[/tex]
Since the expression on each side of the equation has the same denominator, the numerators must be equal.
[tex]\sf gmtv_f\mu_k= -\sf mv_f^2[/tex]
Divide both sides of the equation by [tex]\sf gmtv_f[/tex].
[tex]\sf \sf \dfrac{gmtv_f\mu_k}{\sf gmtv_f}= \sf \dfrac{-mv_f^2}{\sf gmtv_f}[/tex]
On the left side cancel the common factor of [tex]\sf gmtv_f[/tex].
[tex]\sf \mu_k= \sf \dfrac{-mv_f^2}{\sf gmtv_f}[/tex]
On the right side cancel the common factor of [tex]\sf m[/tex].
[tex]\sf \mu_k= \sf \dfrac{-v_f^2}{\sf gtv_f}[/tex]
On the right side cancel the common factor of [tex]\sf v_f[/tex]
Finally we have an equation to evaluate the coefficient of friction.
[tex]\boxed{\sf \mu_k= -\sf \dfrac{v_f}{\sf gt}}[/tex]
Numerical Evaluation
In this example we are given
[tex]\sf v_f=1\\g=-9.81\\t=13[/tex]
Substituting our given values into the equation yields
[tex]\boxed{\sf \mu_k= -\sf \dfrac{1}{\sf -9.81\cdot 13}}[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\sf \mu_k=0.007841292245}[/tex]
Rounding to the hundred thousandth leaves us with
[tex]\boxed{\sf \mu_k=0.00784}[/tex]
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The coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the table is approximately 0.0079.
What is coefficient of friction?The coefficient of friction is a measure of the amount of frictional force that exists between two surfaces in contact. It is denoted by the symbol μ (mu) and is defined as the ratio of the force of friction between two objects to the normal force that is pressing them together. In other words, it is a value that indicates how difficult it is to slide one object over another.
To resolve this issue, we need to use the equation of motion:
v = u + at
where v is the final velocity (1 m/s), u is the initial velocity (0 m/s), a is the acceleration, and t is the time (13 seconds).
We can rearrange this equation to solve for the acceleration:
a = (v - u) / t
a = (1 m/s - 0 m/s) / 13 s
a = 0.077 m/s²
Next, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration:
Fnet = ma
where Fnet is the net force acting on the object, m is its mass (0.20 kg), and a is the acceleration we just calculated.
We know that the only horizontal force acting on the puck is the applied force of 2.0 N, so we can use that as the net force:
Fnet = 2.0 N
Setting Fnet equal to ma and solving for the coefficient of kinetic friction μk:
Fnet = ma
μkmg = ma
μk = a/g
μk = (0.077 m/s²) / 9.81 m/s²
μk = 0.0079
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Determine the maximum axial force p that can be applied to the steel plate. Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units
We must take into account the relationship between the material's stress and strain, which is characterised by its Young's modulus, in order to establish the maximum axial force p that may be applied to the steel plate (E).
We must take into account the relationship between the material's stress and strain, which is characterised by its Young's modulus, in order to establish the maximum axial force p that may be applied to the steel plate (E). Assume that the cross-sectional area of the steel plate is A.
You can compute the tension on the steel plate as follows:
force x area equals stress
You may compute the strain on the steel plate as follows:
strain is equal to length change / starting length.
Hence, p = yield strength * area can be used to compute the maximum axial force p that can be applied to the steel plate without generating plastic deformation.
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Consider the track shown in the figure. The section AB is one quadrant of a circle of radius 2.0 m and is frictionless. B to C is a horizontal span 2.8 m long with a coefficient of kinetic friction μk = 0.20. The section CD under the spring is frictionless. A block of mass 1.0 kg is released from rest at A. After sliding on the track, it compresses the spring by 0.15 m.
A) Determine the velocity of the block at point B.
B) Determine the thermal energy produced as the block slides from B to C.
C) Determine the velocity of the block at point C.
D) Determine the stiffness constant k for the spring.
Match each vocabulary word with the correct definition
Medium
Transverse Waves
1. the overlapping of 2 waves having equal amplitude and wavelength
a disturbance that travels through a medium transporting energy from one location to another location 2.
Surface Waves
3. a substance or material in which something exists or occurs
Crest
4. waves that require a medium in which to travel, involves a transfer of kinetic energy from one place to another in the material
Trough
5. waves in which the movement in the medium is perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling
Interference
6. waves in which the movement in the medium is parallel to the direction the wave is traveling
Wave
7. a wave that travels on the surface of the water in both transverse and longitudinal motions
Amplitude
8. Height of a wave
Longitudinal Waves
9. Highest part of the wave
Mechanical Waves
10. Lowest part of the wave
Answer:
Medium - 3. a substance or material in which something exists or occurs
Transverse Waves - 5. waves in which the movement in the medium is perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling
Surface Waves - 7. a wave that travels on the surface of the water in both transverse and longitudinal motions
Crest - 9. Highest part of the wave
Trough - 10. Lowest part of the wave
Interference - 1. the overlapping of 2 waves having equal amplitude and wavelength
Wave - 2. a disturbance that travels through a medium transporting energy from one location to another location
Amplitude - 8. Height of a wave
Longitudinal Waves - 6. waves in which the movement in the medium is parallel to the direction the wave is traveling
Mechanical Waves - 4. waves that require a medium in which to travel, involves a transfer of kinetic energy from one place to another in the material
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define the term amplitude
The largest displacement or distance a wave oscillates from its rest state is referred to as amplitude. It establishes the amount of energy a wave may carry by determining the strength or intensity of the wave.
How should amplitude be named?Depending on whether the sun is rising or sinking, the amplitude is designated by the same names as the declination: E or W. The identified and named compass mistake is as follows: It is the distinction between the correct bearing and the compass.
What does amplitude measure mean?The distance between a wave's peak or trough and the location of the medium at rest, also known as the equilibrium position, is often measured as the amplitude in transverse waves.
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A wave has a frequency of 12,000 Hz. What does this mean
It means that wave vibrates 12,000 times about its mean position per second.
Humans can hear sounds between about 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz (depending on the human!).
Below 20 Hz is called infrasound ("infra" means below), and above 20,000 Hz is ultrasound ("ultra" means beyond).
We are most sensitive to sounds between 1,000 and 4,000 Hz:
As we get older we are less sensitive to higher frequency sounds (a limit around 12,000 Hz is normal for an adult).
Vibration refers to the back-and-forth motion of an object or system about its equilibrium position. This motion can be periodic or random and can occur in a variety of mediums, including solids, liquids, and gases. Vibration is caused by a force or disturbance that creates an oscillation within the system.
Vibration can be both beneficial and detrimental. Beneficial vibrations can be used to create sound, power tools, and even musical instruments. On the other hand, detrimental vibrations can cause damage to structures, machinery, and even the human body. For example, exposure to high levels of vibration can cause hand-arm vibration syndrome or whole-body vibration syndrome, which can result in numbness, tingling, and even long-term health problems.
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Dos esteras conductoras, cargadas y de igual radio, se apoyan en soportes no conductores. Sus cargas respectivas son-3 C y +7 MC. Si ambas esteras se ponen en contacto y luego son separadas, entonces las cargas respectivas de cada estera son:
A. -Z UC Y +2 MC
В. +1 МС У -3 МС
C. +2 C y +2 MC
D. -1 MC y - 1 MC
The correct option is B. The respective charges on each mat are +1 MC y -3 MC.
Charge refers to a fundamental property of matter that describes how objects interact electromagnetically. The charge can be positive or negative and is measured in Coulombs (C). Objects with the same charge repel each other, while objects with opposite charges attract each other.
Electric charge can be transferred from one object to another through processes such as friction, contact, or induction. The movement of electric charge is the basis for electric current, which is the flow of charge through a conductor.
A charge is also a conserved quantity in physics, meaning that it cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or redistributed. This conservation of charge is a fundamental principle in many areas of physics, including electromagnetism and quantum mechanics.
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Complete Question:
Two charged conductive mats of equal radius are supported by non-conductive supports. Their respective charges are -3 C and +7 MC. If both mats come into contact and are then separated, then the respective charges on each mat are:
A. -Z UC Y +2 CM
В. +1 MS У -3 MS
C. +2 C and +2 MC
D. -1 MC and - 1 MC
An object experiences two forces acting on the same surface (i. E. They are additive): a force of 5. 0N acting at 60. ∘ to the horizontal and a force of 8. 0N acting 45∘ to the horizontal.
What is the magnitude of the resultant force on the object? Give your answer to the nearest newton, without units
The magnitude of the resultant force on the object is approximately 12 N.
For the 5.0 N force:
Horizontal component = 5.0 N * cos(60°) ≈ 2.5 N
Vertical component = 5.0 N * sin(60°) ≈ 4.3 N
For the 8.0 N force:
Horizontal component = 8.0 N * cos(45°) ≈ 5.7 N
Vertical component = 8.0 N * sin(45°) ≈ 5.7 N
Next, we can add the horizontal and vertical components separately:
Resultant horizontal component = 2.5 N + 5.7 N ≈ 8.2 N
Resultant vertical component = 4.3 N + 5.7 N ≈ 10 N
Finally, we can use the Pythagorean theorem to find the magnitude of the resultant force:
Resultant force = sqrt((8.2 N)^2 + (10 N)^2) ≈ 12 N
The resultant force is the net force that acts on an object. It is the vector sum of all the forces acting on the object. If an object is subjected to multiple forces, the resultant force determines the direction and magnitude of the object's motion. If the resultant force is zero, the object will remain at rest or continue moving at a constant velocity. If the resultant force is non-zero, the object will accelerate in the direction of the force.
The concept of the resultant force is particularly important in dynamics, the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of objects under the influence of forces. The laws of motion developed by Sir Isaac Newton, which are the foundation of classical mechanics, are formulated in terms of resultant forces. The first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force, while the second law relates the acceleration of an object to the net force acting on it.
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A car accelerates from a stop at a rate of 2 m/s² for 20 s, then con- tinues at a constant speed for 40 s. Graph the speed vs. time of the car. What is the car's speed at 10 s? What is its final speed?
The car's speed at 10 s would be 20 m/s, and the final speed would be 40 m/s.
Velocity-time graphDuring the first 20 s, the car accelerates at a rate of 2 m/s², so its speed increases linearly. We can calculate the final speed at 20 s as follows:
a = 2 m/s²
t = 20 s
v = a * t = 2 m/s² * 20 s = 40 m/s
From 20 s to 60 s, the car continues at a constant speed, so the graph is a horizontal line at 40 m/s.
Therefore, the car's speed at 10 s is:
t = 10 s
v = a * t = 2 m/s² * 10 s = 20 m/s
And its final speed is 40 m/s
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