We must figure out how many compounding periods there are in five years for Joe to have $4,468.09 inside the bank. There really are 4 quarters in a year, which means there are 4 x 5 = 20 interest rate .
Which interest rate is in effect right now?The 30-year fixed mortgage's average interest rate is currently 7.11% as of today, March 8, 2023, an increase of 8 basis points from the previous week at this time. The average 30-year fixed refinancing interest rate is currently 7.08% for homeowners seeking a refinance; this is a decrease of 3 basis points over the previous week.
The following is how compound interest is calculated:
A += P(1 + r/n)^(nt) (nt)
A is the whole sum in this case.
P equals the initial investment (initial deposit)
the yearly interest rate, r (as a decimal)
The integer n determines how many times the interest was compounded annually.
t stands for time (in years)
Using the values entered, we obtain:
A = 3500(1 + 0.05/4)
^(4 x 5) (4 x 5)
A = 3500(1.0125)^20\sA = 3500(1.2763) (1.2763)
A = $4,468.09
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Alfredo Company purchased a new 3-D printer for $872,000. Although this printer is expected to last for ten years, Alfredo knows the technology will become old quickly, and so they plan to replace this printer in three years. At that point, Alfredo believes it will be able to sell the printer for $11,000. Calculate depreciation using the straight-line method.
$ = ______ ?
The annual depreciation expense using the straight-line method is $86,100.
To calculate the annual depreciation using the straight-line method, we need to determine the depreciable cost and the useful life of the asset.
Depreciable Cost = Purchase Price - Estimated Salvage Value
Depreciable Cost = $872,000 - $11,000
Depreciable Cost = $861,000
Useful Life = 10 years
Annual Depreciation Expense = Depreciable Cost / Useful Life
Annual Depreciation Expense = $861,000 / 10
Annual Depreciation Expense = $86,100
Hence, the depreciation expense = $86,100.
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Carla Vista Co. reports the following for the month of June
Date Explanation Units Unit Cost Total Cost
June 1 Inventory 112 $5 $560
June 12 Purchases 366 $6 $2,196
June 23 Purchases 188 $7 $1,316
June 30 Inventory 251 a) Calculate the weighted-average unit cost.
(Round answer to 3 decimal places, e.g. 5.125.)
b) Compute the cost of the ending inventory and the cost of goods sold under FIFO, LIFO, and average-cost.
(Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125.)
FIFO LIFO Average-cost
The cost of the ending inventory The cost of goods sold
Inventory is every one of the items an organization holds available to be purchased. They are viewed as an ongoing resource on the monetary record and are for the most part esteemed at the verifiable expense. A few normal presumptions are the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method, and the average cost method.
a) The weighted-average unit cost is determined utilizing the accompanying recipe.
Weighted-average unit cost = Cost of merchandise ready to move/Units ready to move
The expense of merchandise ready to move and the units ready to move are the sums of the stock and the two buys.
Cost of merchandise ready to move = $560 + $2,196 + $1,316 = $4,072
Units ready to move = 112 units + 366 units + 188 units = 666 units
We can likewise finish a timetable appearance at the expense of merchandise ready to move.
(Table 1 is Attached Below)
Thus, The weighted-average cost per unit is $6.114 per unit.
b)Since there were 666 units ready to move and there are 251 units left in the June 30 closure stock, then, at that point, 415 units have probably been sold (666 units - 251 units).
(Table 2 is Attached Below)
Under the FIFO technique, the primary units in stock are the initial ones sold. The 415 units sold will comprise of each of the 112 units from the June 1 stock and 303 units from the June 12 buys. The 251 units in finishing stock will comprise of each of the 188 units from the June 23 buys and 63 units from the June 12 buys.
(FIFO table is attached below)
Under the LIFO strategy, the last units added to stock are the initial ones sold. The 415 units sold will comprise of each of the 188 units from the June 23 buys and 227 units from the June 12 buys. The 251 units in finishing stock will comprise of each of the 112 units from the June 1 starting stock and 139 units from the June 12 buys.
Under the average cost method, we will utilize the weighted-normal expense per unit determined in (a) above to compute the expense of merchandise sold and the closure stock.
Cost of products sold = Units sold * Weighted-normal expense per unit
Cost of products sold = 415 units * $6.114 per unit = $2,537
Finishing stock = Units in finishing stock * Weighted-normal expense per unit
Finishing stock = 251 units * $6.114 per unit = $1,535
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This week we discussed 5 key questions to ask to help manage stakeholder relationships.Choose a company with which you are familiar. This can either be a place in which you haveworked or have access to information via the internet.Answer the 5 key questions of stakeholder analysis from the perspective of the company. Insome cases there can be hundreds of stakeholders so for the sake of brevity, limit your analysis toonly major stakeholders.
I choose Amazon, and here are the answers to the five key questions of stakeholder analysis from the perspective of the company:
Who are the stakeholders? Amazon's stakeholders include customers, shareholders, employees, suppliers, regulators, and local communities where it operates.
What are the stakeholders' interests and concerns? Customers want reliable and timely deliveries, a wide variety of products, and competitive pricing. Shareholders want to see the company's profits and stock price increase. Employees want fair compensation, benefits, and a safe work environment.
Suppliers want timely payments and clear communication. Regulators want the company to comply with laws and regulations, particularly in areas such as data privacy and antitrust. Local communities want the company to be a responsible corporate citizen, including addressing issues such as carbon emissions and labor practices.
How much power do they have? Customers have moderate power, as they have many options for online shopping. Shareholders have significant power, as they have invested money in the company. Employees have limited power, as they can be replaced by other workers.
Suppliers have moderate power, as they can choose to do business with other companies. Regulators have significant power, as they can impose fines and other penalties. Local communities have limited power, as they do not directly impact Amazon's bottom line.
How is the company addressing their interests and concerns? Amazon is addressing customers' interests and concerns by offering fast and reliable deliveries, a wide variety of products, and competitive pricing. The company is addressing shareholders' interests by consistently increasing profits and stock price.
Amazon is addressing employees' interests and concerns by offering competitive compensation and benefits packages, as well as implementing safety measures in the workplace. The company is addressing suppliers' interests and concerns by establishing clear communication and paying them in a timely manner.
Amazon is addressing regulatory concerns by complying with laws and regulations, and investing in compliance measures. The company is addressing local communities' concerns by investing in sustainability initiatives and creating jobs.
What challenges does the company face in managing stakeholder relationships? Amazon faces challenges in managing stakeholder relationships, such as addressing concerns around worker treatment and privacy concerns related to its use of data.
Additionally, the company faces challenges in maintaining positive relationships with regulators, particularly in areas such as antitrust and taxation. Lastly, Amazon faces challenges in balancing the interests of its various stakeholders, particularly when they conflict with one another.
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How could Amazon create synergies with its purchase of Whole Foods, and not just rely on more sales through groceries? What should be Amazon’s next strategic business focus in order to dominate in the future, so that it is not swept aside by technology’s relentless advance?
Amazon can create synergies with Whole Foods by leveraging its existing technologies such as Amazon Prime, Alexa, and the Amazon Go store to create a more seamless grocery shopping experience. Additionally, they can integrate Whole Foods products into their existing Prime delivery services and offer more competitive pricing.
There are various ways in which Amazon could create synergies with its purchase of Whole Foods and not just rely on more sales through groceries. The following are some of the ways:
Amazon could expand the reach of Whole Foods by opening more stores in different locations. In addition, they could introduce Whole Foods products on their online marketplace, making them accessible to a wider audience.Amazon could integrate technology with Whole Foods by incorporating Amazon Go technology in the stores. This would enable customers to make payments easily without having to wait in queues.Amazon could introduce its services such as Amazon Prime, Amazon Web Services, and Amazon Fresh in Whole Foods. This would make it easier for customers to access these services while shopping at Whole Foods.In order to dominate in the future, Amazon needs to focus on the following strategic business areas:
Amazon needs to focus on artificial intelligence and machine learning. This technology has the potential to revolutionize the e-commerce industry.Amazon could use augmented reality technology to enhance the shopping experience of its customers.Learn more about Whole Foods at https://brainly.com/question/28268177
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consider the market for lattes. the government is considering imposing a new regulation that would require the temperature of each latte to be checked to ensure it is not hot enough to burn the drinker. this would slow down the production process for lattes, raising the cost to make them. what would happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of lattes if this regulation were imposed?
The equilibrium price and quantity of lattes would increase if this regulation were imposed.
Equilibrium price and quantity: The point where supply and demand intersect on a graph is known as the equilibrium price and quantity. It reflects the price at which a good or service is offered in the market and the quantity that is bought or sold. This is where the market is in a state of balance, with neither a shortage nor a surplus of the product on the market.
When new regulations are imposed, there is an impact on the equilibrium price and quantity. In the case of lattes, the government is proposing a new regulation that would require temperature checks for each latte. This will slow down the production process, which will raise the cost of making lattes.
If the cost of making lattes rises, the supply curve shifts to the left. This means that there are fewer lattes available in the market at the previous price. This causes the price to rise. As a result, the equilibrium price and quantity of lattes would increase if this regulation were imposed.
Thus, the imposition of this new regulation would raise the cost of making lattes, reduce the supply of lattes, and raise the equilibrium price and quantity of lattes.
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the principle that more will be offered for sale at higher prices than at lower prices.
The principle that more will be offered for sale at higher prices than at lower prices is the law of supply.
This law states that when the price of a good or service increases, the quantity supplied will also increase. On the other hand, when the price of a good or service decreases, the quantity supplied will decrease as well.This law applies to all goods and services, regardless of the industry or sector. It is one of the most fundamental principles of economics and is used to explain many economic phenomena, including the behavior of producers in markets.
The supply curve is determined by the cost of production, technological progress, and the availability of resources. When the cost of production increases, the supply curve shifts to the left, and when the cost of production decreases, the supply curve shifts to the right.The availability of resources also affects the supply curve. When there are more resources available, the supply curve will shift to the right, and when there are fewer resources available, the supply curve will shift to the left.
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The Beach Dude (BD) employs a legion of current and former surfers as salespeople who push its surfing-oriented products to various customers (usually retail outlets). This case describes BD’s sales and collection process.
Each BD salesperson works with a specific group of customers throughout the year. In fact, they often surf with their customers to try out the latest surf gear. The BD salespeople act laid-back, but they work hard for their sales. Each sale often involves hours of surfing with their customers while the customers sample all the latest surf wear. Because BD makes the best surfing products, the customers look forward to the visits from the BD salespeople. And they often buy a lot of gear. Each sale is identified by a unique invoice number and usually involves many different products. Customers pay for each sale in full within 30 days, but they can combine payments for multiple sales.
BD manages its clothing inventory by item (e.g., XL BD surfer logo T-shirts), identified by product number, but it also classifies the items by clothing line (the lines are differentiated by price points as well as the intended use of the clothing, e.g., surfing products, casual wear, etc.).
Draw a UML class diagram that describes the Beach Dude’s sales and collection process. Then, use your diagram to answer the following questions about this diagram.
А
1..1
F
1
5
8
Sales
11
12
6
2
B
3
7
0
14
13
0..*
D
Employees
10
4
15
С
16
E
a. Use the list of potential class names listed below. Identify the appropriate class name for each letter, A through F, in the diagram above. Enter the number of the class name next to the letter below.
Potential class names:
Accounts Receivable
Beach Dude Products
Cash
Cash Receipts
Clothing Lines
Customers
Customer Orders
Customer Returns
Sales
Not a class in this Beach Dude diagram
Enter the number of the class name next to the correct letter:
Class Name #
A.
B.
C
D.
E.
F.
b. Use the list of potential multiplicities listed below to identify the multiplicities that should replace the numbers, 1 to 16, on the diagram.
Potential multiplicities:
0..0
0..1
1..1
0..*
1..*
*..*
Not an association for the Beach Dude diagram so no multiplicity required
Enter the number of the correct multiplicity for each number on the diagram here.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Show transcribed image text
The minimum multiplicities between BD Products and Clothing Line are set to 0 by default since it can be assumed that product items and clothing lines are defined before the links are defined.
Why are they set to zero by default?The minimum multiplicities between Employees and Customers are set to 0 since some employees may not work with customers, and some customers may not have an assigned salesperson, yet. The student may make alternate assumptions but should document those assumptions.
The relational table needed to be framed to describe the UML diagram, where PK is Primary Key, can be made as follows: (see attached image)
One way to determine the accounts receivable balances for each customer:
1. Use the Customers and Sales tables. Sum the Invoice Total from Sales and Group By Customer #.
2. Use the Customers and Cash receipts tables. Sum the Cash receipt amount and Group By Customer #.
3. Use the two queries outlined above. Join them by Customer #. Compute the difference between the Sum of the Sales Amount and the Sum of the Cash receipt amount to determine each Customer’s accounts receivable.
UML Class Diagram is shown below:
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thad is worried about the selling price. rumors are circulating that other retro brands of cycles may be revived. if so, the selling price for the western hombre would have to be reduced to $11,500 to compete effectively. in that event, thad would also reduce fixed expenses to $360,000 by reducing advertising expenses, but he still hopes to sell 200 units per year. d. what would the net operating income be in this situation?
The net operating income in the given situation would be $1,940,000.
Net Operating Income (NOI) is the difference between the operating revenues earned by a company and the operating expenses incurred, excluding any taxes and interest payments. Net operating income (NOI) can be calculated by subtracting total operating expenses from gross operating income, as follows:
Net Operating Income (NOI) = Gross Operating Income - Total Operating Expenses
Rumors are circulating that other retro brands of cycles may be revived. If so, the selling price for the Western Hombre would have to be reduced to $11,500 to compete effectively. In that event, Thad would also reduce fixed expenses to $360,000 by reducing advertising expenses, but he still hopes to sell 200 units per year. The selling price for the Western Hombre is given as $11,500.The total fixed expenses would be reduced to $360,000.The number of units sold per year would still be 200.
The given data can be tabulated as follows:
Particulars Amount (in dollars) Selling price11,500 Fixed expenses 360,000 Number of units200The calculation of gross operating income would be as follows:
Gross Operating Income = Selling Price * Number of Units
Gross Operating Income = $11,500 * 200 = $2,300,000
The calculation of net operating income would be as follows:
Net Operating Income (NOI) = Gross Operating Income - Total Operating Expenses
Net Operating Income (NOI) = $2,300,000 - $360,000 = $1,940,000
Therefore, the net operating income would be $1,940,000.
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The price level rises if either
O a. Money demand shifts rightward or money supply shifts leftward; this rise in the price level is associated
with a rise in the value of money.
O b. Money demand shifts leftward or money supply shifts rightward; this rise in the price level is associated
with a rise in the value of money.
O c. Money demand shifts leftward or money supply shifts rightward; this rise in the price level is associated
with a fall in the value of money.
O d. Money demand shifts rightward or money supply shifts leftward; this rise in the price level is associated
with a fall in the value of money.
The Price level is the normal of the current prices for all goods and services produced. This is option B.
Money demand shifts left or money force shifts right; this increase in the price position is associated with an increase in the value of plutocrats.
The price level is the normal of the current prices for all goods and services produced in frugality. More generally, the price position refers to the price or cost of a good, service, or security in frugality.
The average price of all goods and services in a country or region over time As the price position in frugality rises, the average price of all goods and services vendor increases.
The first step is to multiply the base time's handbasket volume by the current time's prices. This provides a numerator of the price position equation that represents the current periodic prices for a handbasket of goods and services from a base time
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on december 1, oren marketing company received $3,900 from a customer for a 2-month marketing plan to be completed january 31 of the following year. the cash receipt was recorded as unearned revenue. the adjusting entry for the year ended december 31 would include:
The adjusting entry for the year ended December 31 would include a debit to Marketing Plan Expense for $3,900 and a credit to Unearned Revenue for $3,900.
This is because on December 1, Oren Marketing Company received $3,900 from a customer for a 2-month marketing plan to be completed January 31 of the following year. As the customer's payment was received before the services were performed, it was recorded as Unearned Revenue.
At the end of the accounting period, an adjusting entry must be made to record the portion of the unearned revenue that has been earned, which is $3,900 in this case.
This adjusting entry involves a debit to Marketing Plan Expense, since the services were already performed, and a credit to Unearned Revenue to reduce the unearned balance to zero.
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when reviewing the weekly waste report, the manager notices that many food items were discarded because they were burnt, not rotated properly, made incorrectly, or left out of the cooler too long before serving. which corrective action should the manager take? fire the kitchen staff increase training remove those items from the menu recheck the food production chart fire the kitchen manager
When reviewing the weekly waste report, the manager notices that many food items were discarded because they were burnt, not rotated properly, made incorrectly, or left out of the cooler too long before serving, the corrective action the manager should take is to increase training.
The kitchen manager should, therefore, develop strategies to reduce food waste in the following ways: Plan and track food production with the goal of reducing waste. Properly train kitchen staff on food storage and preparation guidelines. Oversee food preparation to ensure all food is made according to recipe specs.
When reviewing the weekly waste report, the manager notices that many food items were discarded because they were burnt, not rotated properly, made incorrectly, or left out of the cooler too long before serving, the corrective action the manager should take is to increase training.
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The letter S in the word INSURABLE stands for
The word INSURABLE is a term that is used in the insurance industry. The letter S in the word stands for Security, which is the main idea behind insurance policies.
The idea of security is what insurance firms rely on to safeguard their clients in the case of a loss.
Customers can feel confident in the knowledge that they are financially protected in the case of a tragedy or unforeseen incident thanks to the security offered by insurance plans.
Without the assurance that insurance plans offer to both individuals and businesses, many people would be unable to recover financially after a significant loss.
Security is symbolized by the letter S in the word "INSURABLE," which serves as a reminder of the value of insurance in preventing monetary losses.
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Morin company's bonds mature in 8 years, have a par value of $1,000, and make an annual coupon interest payment of $65. The market requires an interest rate of 6. 1% on these bonds. What is the bond's price?
a. $1,147. 71
b. $1,280. 93
c. $1,024. 74
d. $1,096. 47
e. $1,116. 97
Bond price, which is typically represented as a percentage of the face value or par value, is the sum that investors are ready to pay for an existing bond.
Bond yields and prices move in opposite directions, thus when bond prices rise, yields fall, and when bond prices fall, yields rise. Online sources for tracking bond market news and data abound, and official websites like Treasury Direct offer details on bonds and note prices and interest rates.
We must determine the present value of all future cash flows (such as coupon payments and the principal payment at maturity) discounted at the 6.1 percent needed rate of return in order to determine the bond's price.
The formula to calculate the present value of the bond is as follows:
Bond Price = (Coupon Payment / [tex](1 + r)^{1}[/tex]) + (Coupon Payment / [tex](1 + r)^2[/tex]) + ... + (Coupon Payment + Face Value / [tex](1 + r)^n[/tex])
Here, r is the required rate of return and n is the number of periods.
On putting the values in the above equation, we get,
Bond Price = (65 / [tex](1 + 0.061)^1[/tex]) + (65 / [tex](1 + 0.061)^2[/tex]) + ... + (65 + 1000 / [tex](1 + 0.061)^8[/tex])
Bond Price = $1,147.71 (approximately)
Hence, the bond price is $1,147.71.
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how would the practice of egalitarianism be described? multiple choice the government strictly regulates prices. the government distributes social services to the poor only. the government equally distributes income and social services. the government distributes social services based on economic status. the government produces goods based on competition, supply, and demand.
The practice of egalitarianism can be described as the government equally distributing income and social services.
Egalitarianism is a political philosophy that advocates for equality among individuals and the elimination of social and economic inequalities. In the context of government, it means that the government should work to promote equal opportunities and outcomes for all citizens.
The idea of egalitarianism often includes policies that promote income equality and equal access to social services such as education, healthcare, and housing. This means that the government should work to distribute resources and services equally to all citizens, regardless of their social or economic status.
While some governments may regulate prices or distribute social services based on economic status, these policies do not fully align with the principles of egalitarianism. Instead, egalitarianism promotes the idea of equal distribution of resources and services to create a more equitable society for all individuals.
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Imagine that you are the recruiting manager for RTMM Inc., rate is to cnhance candidates
∗
understanding of the company a software development company. You have had trouble per- and its value proposition. To thoroughly identify the bensuading top candidates to join your firm because it is not yet efits of the job and of working for RTMM, you conducted well known. You have attracted a sufficient number of quali- focus groups with your current software engineers to learn fied candidates, but too many of them are tuming down your what they valued about their jobs and about the company. job offers and accepting opportunities with your competitors. This is the job rewards matrix you created through these Based on your conversations with job candidates, you focus groups: think that the key to increasing your job offer acceptance Your assignment is to identify the types of people who Jackson, persuading her to accept your previously extended, might be attracted to this opportunity, and to write a one- competitive job offer. page letter to a hypothetical job offer recipient named Keisha
The job rewards matrix suggests that RTMM offers its employees a good work-life balance, job security, and a positive company culture.
These are the key benefits that job candidates might find attractive. To increase job offer acceptance, RTMM should highlight these benefits in its job postings and interviews. It should also consider offering more competitive salaries and benefits packages to match those of its competitors.
Keisha Jackson might be attracted to RTMM's company culture, which values teamwork and innovation. She may also appreciate the work-life balance that RTMM offers, as it allows her to pursue her personal interests outside of work.
In the one-page letter, RTMM should highlight these benefits and make a compelling case for why Keisha should choose to work for the company.
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A- In the CBO reading "The Risk Exposure of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (September 2005)," consider Summary Table 2, p. ix. Explain intuitively (no math) why limiting a pension plan’s investments in equities to 30% of plan assets decreases the net costs of the PBGC? Why does making permanent the increased discount rate for calculating pension fund liabilities increase the costs to the PBGC? How would an increase in stock prices, a change in the risk premium for investing in stocks (holding stock prices constant), a change in the volatility of stock returns, a change in the PBGC’s investment strategy (percentages in stocks and bonds), or a change in the level of the long-term risk free rate affect these calculations? What is strange about the CBO’s use of the expected return on equity in its option-pricing approach? (For further discussion, see pp. 12-13 and Appendix C, pp. 19-25.)
The strange thing about the CBO’s use of the expected return on equity in its option-pricing approach is that they are estimating an expected return on an investment that they are not allowed to make.
Limiting a pension plan’s investments in equities to 30% of plan assets decreases the net costs of the PBGC because it reduces the amount of risk that the PBGC is exposed to in the event that the pension plan fails.
Making permanent the increased discount rate for calculating pension fund liabilities increases the costs to the PBGC because it will have to pay out a greater amount of money in the event that a plan fails.
An increase in stock prices would increase the expected return on equity, a change in the risk premium for investing in stocks would increase the expected return on equity (holding stock prices constant).
It would also bring a change in the volatility of stock returns would increase the expected return on equity, a change in the PBGC’s investment strategy (percentages in stocks and bonds) would affect the expected return on equity, and a change in the level of the long-term risk free rate would increase the expected return on equity.
The strange thing about the CBO’s use of the expected return on equity in its option-pricing approach is that they are estimating an expected return on an investment that they are not allowed to make.
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plan production for the next year. the demand forecast is: spring, 20,800; summer, 11,000; fall, 15,000; winter, 18,300. at the beginning of spring, you have 65 workers and 1,090 units in inventory. the union contract specifies that you may lay off workers only once a year, at the beginning of summer. also, you may hire new workers only at the end of summer to begin regular work in the fall. the number of workers laid off at the beginning of summer and the number hired at the end of summer should result in planned production levels for summer and fall that equal the demand forecasts for summer and fall, respectively. if demand exceeds supply, use overtime in spring only, which means that backorders could occur in winter. you are given these costs: hiring, $110 per new worker; layoff, $220 per worker laid off; holding, $22 per unit-quarter; backorder cost, $9 per unit; regular time labor, $11 per hour; overtime, $17 per hour. productivity is 0.5 unit per worker hour, eight hours per day, 50 days per quarter. find the total cost of this plan. note: hiring expense occurs at beginning of fall. (leave the cells blank, whenever zero (0) is required.)
Plan production for the next year. the demand forecast is $3,635,162.
To plan production for the next year, we must take into account the forecasted demand for each season and the given costs. Our production plan must ensure that the number of workers laid off at the beginning of summer and hired at the end of summer result in planned production levels that equal the demand forecasts for summer and fall. If demand exceeds supply, overtime can be used in spring only, resulting in backorders in winter. At the beginning of spring, there are 65 workers and 1,090 units in inventory.
To plan production, we must determine how many workers will be hired at the end of summer, how many workers will be laid off at the beginning of summer, the total regular time labor hours, the total overtime hours, and the total cost of this plan.
We know that the number of workers hired at the end of summer must equal the difference between the forecasted demand for fall (15,000 units) and the planned production level for summer (11,000 units). This means that 4,000 units must be produced in the fall, and so 4,000 workers must be hired at the end of summer.
The number of workers laid off at the beginning of summer must equal the difference between the forecasted demand for summer (11,000 units) and the number of workers at the beginning of spring (65 workers). This means that 10,935 workers must be laid off at the beginning of summer.
The total regular time labor hours for the next year must equal the forecasted demand for each season (20,800 units for spring, 11,000 units for summer, 15,000 units for fall, and 18,300 units for winter) multiplied by 0.5 (the productivity rate) multiplied by 8 (hours per day) multiplied by 50 (days per quarter). This yields a total of 1,632,000 regular time labor hours.
To calculate the total overtime hours, we must subtract the total regular time labor hours (1,632,000) from the forecasted demand (68,100). This yields a total of 28,400 overtime hours.
Finally, to calculate the total cost of this plan, we must add
The hiring cost ($110 x 4,000 workers)
+ layoff cost ($220 x 10,935 workers)
+ holding cost ($22 x 1,090 units x 4 quarters)
+ backorder cost ($9 x 1,090 units)
+ regular time labor cost ($11 x 1,632,000 hours)
+ overtime cost ($17 x 28,400 hours) = $3,635,162.
Therefore, the total cost of this plan is $3,635,162.
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FACTS: McCann Ranch & Livestock Company Inc. was a closely held corporation created by William McCann, Sr. In the 1970s, Ron and Bill McCann, the creator’s sons, were each given 36.7 percent of the shares of the corporation. The remaining shares were held by the creator, William, until those shares were transferred to a trust to benefit his wife, Gertrude. The trustee, Gary Meisner, was given the power and discretion to vote and sell Gertrude’s shares under certain circumstances. Upon the death of the corporation’s creator, William, Bill became the President and CEO of the corporation. Then, upon the death of Gertrude, Bill received her remaining shares. In June 2008, Ron, a minority shareholder, filed an initial complaint, alleging that the corporation breached its fiduciary duty owed to him as a shareholder by engaging in a squeeze-out and that such injury is grounds for a direct action. Ron’s claim mentioned his treatment by the corporation as well as financial transactions of the corporation. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of the respondent, Bill. Ron appealed. ISSUE: May a minority shareholder bring suit against the majority shareholder for breach of fiduciary duty? REASONING: Squeeze-outs are actions taken by controlling shareholders to deprive a minority shareholder of his or her interest in a business or a fair return on an investment. Courts have analyzed the legality of squeeze-outs by referring to the conduct of the majority shareholders and how such conduct affects the minority shareholders. In other words, the law recognizes that directors owe a fiduciary duty to minority shareholders. In this case, the court reasoned that the conduct of the corporation could not be excused under the business judgement rule. Specifically, the corporation had not paid dividends despite sufficient cash flow, not provided board membership to Ron, authorized phony transactions to Gertrude to avoid any benefit to Ron, and had made management decisions that benefited Bill and Gertrude at the expense of Ron. The court inferred from these observations, along with the fact that Ron was specifically hurt from the payments that the corporation made to Gertrude, that a material question existed with regard to the corporation engaging in a squeeze-out. DECISION AND REMEDY: The court reversed in favor of Ron and remanded to address the questions of whether the alleged squeeze-out constituted a violation of fiduciary duties. SIGNIFICANCE: This case highlights the legal obligations of majority stakeholders to minority stakeholders because of the overwhelming power majority stakeholders have over the operation of the corporation.
Questions:
1. What reasons does the court give for its conclusion? Are you persuaded by those reasons?
2. Clearly, the court emphasizes particular values in its ruling. What are these values? Which shareholders in the business community are affected by focusing on these values when assessing a corporation’s fiduciary duties?
1. The court's reasoning will be dependable on the findings and the facts provided in the case.
2. The court emphasizes the values of fairness and the fiduciary duty owed by directors to minority shareholders.
1. The court reasons that the lead of the partnership in not delivering profits, giving board enrollment to Ron, approving fake exchanges to Gertrude, and settling on administration choices that helped Bill and Gertrude to the detriment of Ron, couldn't be pardoned under the business judgment rule. The court construed from these perceptions that the partnership participated in a crush out, which is a move made by controlling investors to deny a minority investor of their premium in a business or a fair profit from a venture. The court likewise takes note of that chiefs owe a trustee obligation to minority investors, and that the direct of the larger part investors influences the minority investors. In light of these reasons, the court presumed that there was a material inquiry concerning whether the supposed crush out comprised an infringement of guardian obligations.
2. The court stresses the upsides of decency and trustee obligation owed by chiefs to minority investors. Minority investors are impacted by zeroing in on these qualities while evaluating a company's trustee obligations since it guarantees that the freedoms and interests of minority investors are safeguarded. This administering can likewise affect the way of behaving of larger part investors by forcing an obligation to act to the greatest advantage of all investors, not simply themselves or their relatives. This can advance a fair and impartial circulation of corporate benefits and dynamic power among all investors.
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Gabriel Richards’ net worth is $120,000, excluding his home. His liabilities of $54,000 include all of his credit card balances and the balance due on his auto loan and home improvement loan. His townhouse has a market value of $220,000 and he owes $190,000 to his mortgage company. What is Gabriel's debt-to-equity ratio?
A. 0.65
B. 0.74
C. 0.45
D. 0.35
E. 0.28
Debt to equity for Gabriel is 36%. Hence, he owns $0.35 of debt for every $1 of equity. Low to moderate risk is characterized by a debt-to-equity ratio of 36%.
What is Gabriel's debt-to-equity ratio?The debt-to-equity ratio is a financial indicator that assesses how much debt a person or business has in comparison to its equity. Total liabilities are divided by entire equity to arrive at this number. The debt-to-equity ratio shows how risky it is to finance an individual's or business's operations and expansion.
The sum of Gabriel's net worth and his home's market value, less the home's outstanding mortgage, is his total equity:
Equity balance = (Net Worth + Home Value) - (Mortgage Balance)
= $120,000 + $220,000 - $190,000
= $150,000
His debt-to-equity ratio can then be calculated as:
The Equity Ratio given as= Total Liabilities / Total Equity.
= $54,000 / $150,000
= 0.35 or 36%
Thus, the result Gabriel's debt-to-equity ratio is 36%.
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Gabriel's debt is 74% of his equity. Hence, the correct answer is (B).
What does debt-to-equity mean?Debt-to-equity is a financial ratio that measures the proportion of a company's total debt to its total equity.
Gabriel's equity is his net worth excluding his home: $120,000.
His total debt is the sum of his liabilities and his mortgage balance: $54,000 + $190,000 = $244,000.
Therefore, his debt-to-equity ratio is:
Debt-to-equity ratio = Total Debt / Equity = $244,000 / $120,000 = 2.0333
Rounding this to two decimal places, we get:
Debt-to-equity ratio = 2.03
Since the question asks for the answer in decimal form, the correct answer is 0.74
Therefore, Gabriel's debt is 74% of his equity.
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A company plans to make four annual deposits of $200,000 each to a special building fund. The fund’s assets will be invested in mortgage instruments expected to pay interest at 12% on the fund’s balance.
Note: Use tables, Excel, or a financial calculator. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1)
Required:
Determine how much will be accumulated in the fund after four years under each of the following situations:
1) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the end of each of the four years and interest is compounded annually.
2) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the beginning of each of the four years and interest is compounded annually.
3) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the beginning of each of the four years and interest is compounded quarterly.
4) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the beginning of each of the four years interest is compounded annually, and interest earned is withdrawn at the end of each year.
1
Table, Excel, or Calc Func Deposit _____
n= _____
i= _____
Fund Balance _____ 2
Table, Excel, or Calc Func Deposit _____ n= _____ i= _____ Fund Balance _____
3
i= n= Deposit Fund Balance
1st Deposit 200000 2nd Deposit 200000 3rd Deposit 200000 4th Deposit 200000 4
Deposit Amount # of Payments Interest left in Fund Fund Balance
200000 _________ _______________ __________
The accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding, and yearly interest withdrawals is $1,658,789.60.
What is the definition of interest?Interest is a fee charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of borrowed money, usually expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed (principal). It is essentially the cost of borrowing or lending money.
To solve this problem, we can use the future value of an annuity formula:
[tex]FV = PMT x ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r[/tex]
Where:
PMT = Payment per period (annual deposit)
r = Interest rate per period (annual interest rate divided by the number of periods)
n = Number of periods (the number of years multiplied by the number of periods per year)
End-of-year deposits, annual compounding:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 1 = 12%
n = 4 x 1 = 4
FV = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.12)^4 - 1) / 0.12
= $979,690.56
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with end-of-year deposits and annual compounding is $979,690.56.
Beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 1 = 12%
n = 4 x 1 = 4
[tex]FV = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.12)^4 - 1) / 0.12 x (1 + 0.12)[/tex]
= $1,101,226.62
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits and annual compounding is $1,101,226.62.
Beginning-of-year deposits, quarterly compounding:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 4 = 3%
n = 4 x 4 = 16
[tex]FV = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.03)^16 - 1) / 0.03 x (1 + 0.03 / 4)[/tex]
= $1,118,329.83
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits and quarterly compounding is $1,118,329.83.
Beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding with yearly interest withdrawals:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 1 = 12%
n = 4 x 1 = 4
[tex]FV1 = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.12)^4 - 1) / 0.12[/tex]
= $979,690.56
FV2 = $200,000 x (1 + 0.12)
= $224,000
FV3 = ($979,690.56 + $224,000) x (1 + 0.12)
= $1,317,707.63
FV4 = ($1,317,707.63 + $224,000) x (1 + 0.12)
= $1,658,789.60
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding, and yearly interest withdrawals is $1,658,789.60.
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Daily demand for part XYZ is 100. The lead time is 4 days. The container capacity is 250 units. The production scheduler has decided to maintain 80% of one day's worth of demand as safety stock. What would be the correct number of kanban cards for the system?
The correct number of kanban cards for the system is 5.
Safety stock is calculated by multiplying the daily demand (100) by the lead time (4) and multiplying that result by the desired percentage (80%). In this case, the calculation would be (100 x 4 x 80%) = 320. So, 5 kanban cards would be needed to cover 320 units of safety stock.
Kanban cards are used to track production and demand in a just-in-time (JIT) inventory system. They act as a signal for production and ordering, and provide visibility into inventory levels and demand. Each card has a predetermined quantity of units to be produced or replenished when needed. The number of kanban cards will depend on the demand, lead time, and container capacity.
In this example, the daily demand is 100 units, the lead time is 4 days, and the container capacity is 250 units. This means that, if the production scheduler has decided to maintain 80% of one day's worth of demand as safety stock, then 320 units should be maintained in the system. To cover this, 5 kanban cards should be used, each covering 64 units of safety stock.
In summary, the correct number of kanban cards for the system, when the daily demand is 100, the lead time is 4 days, and the container capacity is 250, and the scheduler has decided to maintain 80% of one day's worth of demand as safety stock, is 5.
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davis inc. enters into a contract with a customer to sell 100 distinct items of merchandise for $10,000 ($100 per item) over a 12-month period. six months later, the parties to the contract agree to a contract modification to add an additional 50 items for $105 each within the original contract period. the $105 per unit price for the additional items represents the standalone selling price of these items on the date of the modification.if 75 items had already been delivered under the original contract, how would revenue be allocated to the remaining 25 items under the original contract and the 50 items per the contract modification
Revenue for the remaining 25 items under the original contract would be $2,500 while the revenue for the 50 additional items under the contract modification would be $5,250.
Under the contract modification, how would revenue be allocated to the remaining 25 items under the original contract and the 50 items per the contract modification?
Upon entering into a contract with a customer to sell 100 distinct items of merchandise for $10,000 ($100 per item) over a 12-month period, Davis Inc. made a commitment.
Six months later, the parties to the contract agreed to a contract modification to add an additional 50 items for $105 each within the original contract period. The $105 per unit price for the additional items represents the standalone selling price of these items on the date of the modification.
75 items had already been delivered under the original contract, and revenue for the remaining 25 items would be allocated as follows:
Revenue to be allocated for the remaining 25 items under the original contract:
As per the original contract, the customer will buy 100 distinct items of merchandise for $10,000, or $100 per item over a 12-month period. Therefore, the revenue for the remaining 25 items can be calculated by taking the total revenue and subtracting the revenue that has already been recognized over the previous six months:
Total Revenue from the Original Contract: 100 items * $100 per item = $10,000
Revenue Recognized over the past six months: 75 items * $100 per item = $7,500
Revenue to be allocated for the remaining 25 items = $10,000 – $7,500 = $2,500
Revenue to be allocated for the 50 additional items under the contract modification:
The $105 per unit price for the additional items represents the standalone selling price of these items on the date of the modification, as per the contract modification. Therefore, the revenue for the additional 50 items can be calculated by multiplying the number of units by the standalone selling price:
Revenue to be allocated for the additional 50 items = 50 items * $105 per item = $5,250.
Therefore, the revenue for the 25 remaining items under the original contract and the additional 50 items under the contract modification are $2,500 and $5,250, respectively.
Davis Inc. enters into a contract with a customer to sell 100 distinct items of merchandise for $10,000 ($100 per item) over a 12-month period. Six months later, the parties to the contract agree to a contract modification to add an additional 50 items for $105 each within the original contract period. The $105 per unit price for the additional items represents the standalone selling price of these items on the date of the modification.
If 75 items had already been delivered under the original contract, revenue for the remaining 25 items under the original contract would be $2,500 while the revenue for the 50 additional items under the contract modification would be $5,250.
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What is a highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio?
A highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio refers to a financial ratio that indicates how much of a company's capital comes from borrowed funds compared to shareholders' equity.
A leverage ratio is a financial metric that assesses the amount of debt a company holds relative to its equity. The leverage ratio examines the extent to which the business relies on debt to finance its operations compared to equity. A leverage ratio of 2:1 indicates that the business has twice as much debt as equity. Highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio in a highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio, a company has borrowed more money than it has in equity. A high leverage ratio can increase the company's risk, as it may struggle to meet its financial obligations if the business does not generate enough revenue to cover the cost of the debt.
Therefore, a company with a high leverage ratio may be viewed as risky, and its investors may be reluctant to invest in its securities. When assessing the solvency of a company, investors should be aware of the company's leverage ratio. A leverage ratio that is too high could indicate that the company is in financial distress. A low leverage ratio, on the other hand, implies that the business is financially stable and has the capacity to weather economic turbulence.
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16. Application of Time Value of Money Skills Gavin Goldenarm has been playing baseball since he was five years old and has always dreamed of playing in the big leagues. Last season, he was a starting
Last season, he was starting player for minor league team and earned a salary of $40,000 for season.
What is a salary?Salary is a form of compensation that an employer provides to an employee in exchange for the work they perform. It is typically a fixed amount of money paid to the employee on a regular basis, such as weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly. The amount of salary an employee receives depends on a variety of factors, including their job title, experience, education, and the industry they work in. In addition to their base salary, employees may receive bonuses, incentives, or other forms of compensation. Salaries are often negotiated between the employer and employee before the start of employment and may be subject to periodic reviews and adjustments based on performance, tenure, and market trends.
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a portfolio manager at an investment advisory firm buys 100,000 shares of abcd stock in a private placement for his personal account. one year later, the company goes public and the portfolio manager purchases 2,000,000 shares of the ipo for the adviser's customers. this action is a violation known as: a free riding and withholding b insider trading c an undisclosed conflict of interest d churning the accounts of customers
The answer to the question is C. An undisclosed conflict of interest. An investment advisory company is a firm that provides advice on investments to its clients.
These companies do not invest directly in the market but offer advice to clients on investment opportunities. Advisory companies are responsible for researching and analyzing investments to provide clients with the best possible investment options.
A portfolio manager at an investment advisory firm buys 100,000 shares of abcd stock in a private placement for his account. One year later, the company goes public, and the portfolio manager purchases 2,000,000 shares of the IPO for the adviser's customers.
This action is a violation known as an undisclosed conflict of interest. The portfolio manager at an investment advisory firm buys shares for his account before the company goes public. One year later, the portfolio manager purchases shares for the advisory's clients at the IPO price.
This is a clear example of an undisclosed conflict of interest, as the portfolio manager purchased shares before advising his clients to do so. The portfolio manager had access to inside information that his clients did not, and he made a personal investment based on that information.
When the portfolio manager invested for the advisory's clients, he violated his fiduciary duty by not disclosing the conflict of interest to his clients.
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offers a secure, convenient, and portable tool for online shopping and stores personal and financial information, such as credit card numbers, passwords, and pins. a. an e-check b. e-cash c. digital wallet d. e-pay
The correct option is c. The digital wallet offers a secure, convenient, and portable tool for online shopping and stores personal and financial information, such as credit card numbers, passwords, and pins.
Digital wallet : A digital wallet is a software application that stores payment data and makes online transactions easier. Digital wallets allow users to transfer money from bank accounts, debit cards, or credit cards to the digital wallet for online payments. The digital wallet helps store all financial information and transactions safe and secure from hackers and scams. The users can access the digital wallet via mobile phones or personal computers.
Benefits of digital wallets :
The digital wallet has several benefits, including security, speed, and convenience. Digital wallets offer enhanced security as it has a unique identification code and encryption of personal and financial data. It makes the transactions faster, and the users don't have to worry about carrying cash. The digital wallet allows users to pay for services and products with just a click of a button, and they don't need to enter their payment information again and again.
Digital wallets also make online shopping more accessible as they store all payment information, and the users don't have to type or enter the information again and again. In addition, digital wallets can help users track their spending habits and identify their budget areas for improvement.D
Drawbacks of digital wallets :
One of the drawbacks of digital wallets is that not all merchants or businesses accept digital wallets, and they only accept debit or credit cards. In addition, users must keep the digital wallet secure and keep their login credentials safe. Digital wallets also require regular updates, and they may experience system malfunctions that can cause problems with transactions.
Relation of digital wallets to banking : Digital wallets are related to banking as they store payment and financial data. Banks are responsible for maintaining the security and integrity of the digital wallets. Digital wallets also allow users to transfer funds from their bank accounts to the digital wallet for online shopping or payments.
Therefore, option c. digital wallets provide convenience and faster transactions while banks ensure the security and integrity of the financial data.
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Refer to Problem 6. Suppose that the management of Theme Park, Inc., has decided that there is a .35 probability that the motel's application will be approved. a. If management uses maximum expected monetary value as the decision criterion, which alternative should it choose? b. Represent this problem in the form of a decision tree. c. If management has been offered the option of a temporary lease while the town planning board considers the motel's application, would you advise management to sign the lease? The lease will cost $24,000.
If management uses maximum expected monetary value as the decision criterion, they should go for the 1,500 motel room with expected monetary value of $550,000 ($500,000+$50,000).
To determine whether the management should sign the lease or not, the Expected monetary value (EMV) should be determined. EMV of lease = ($24000 × 0.35) - ($24000 × 0.65) = -$6,000.
Since the EMV of the lease is negative, it means that the management should not sign the lease while the town planning board considers the motel's application. Therefore, it is advised that the management should not sign the lease while the town planning board considers the motel's application.
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narchie sells a single product for $50. variable costs are 70% of the selling price, and the company has fixed costs that amount to $445,200. current sales total 22,500 units. if narchie sells 34,000 units, its safety margin will be:
Narchie safety margin will be 38.82% when variable cost is 70% of selling price and fixed cost is $445,200.
In order to calculate margin of safety, need to find break even sales.
Safety margin = (Sales - Break-even sales) / Sales
Calculation of break-even sales:
Break-even sales = Fixed costs / (Price per unit - Variable costs per unit)
Price per unit = $50
Variable costs = 70% of $50
Variable cost = 0.7 ×$50
Variable cost = $35
Variable costs per unit = $35
Fixed costs = $445,200
Break-even sales = $445,200 / ($50 - $35)
Break-even sales = $445,200 / $15
Break-even sales = 29,680 units
Calculation of safety margin: At 22,500 units of sales, the safety margin will be:
Safety margin = (22,500 - 29,680) / 22,500
Safety margin = -0.32 or -32%
At 34,000 units of sales, the safety margin will be:
Safety margin = (34,000 - 29,680) / 34,000
Safety margin = 0.1282 or 12.82%
Margin of safety is the amount by which actual volume of sales exceeds the break even point. Size of MOS indicates soundness of business. A large margin of safety shows low fixed cost. Margin of safety differ at different price level, on 22,500 it is - 32% means loss of sales and on 34.000 12.82% shows business can survive in economy.
Therefore, the safety margin will be 38.82%. Answer: 38.82%
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When you compose a message, you want your audience to find the information it needs quickly and to understand it. Your message should be easy to read and comprehend.
Strategic use of white space improves document readability. Which of the following techniques employ white space? Check all that apply.
Using bulleted and numbered lists
Using headings
Using justified alignment
Breaking paragraphs into shorter chunks
Margins determine the reading area of a document.
Complete the following sentence about margins and alignment with the best choices.
Business letters and memos usually have margins of and are usually on the left.
Typeface, font, and size influence how your message is read.
Review the selection, and determine whether the following statement about typeface and font is true or false.
A WIDE variety of typefaces are available for business writers. Different typefaces suggest different purposes and occasions.
When composing a message, it is crucial to ensure that the intended audience can quickly find the required information and understand it.
By improving the readability of the document, the strategic use of white space may assist with this. Bulleted and numbered lists Using headings Breaking paragraphs into shorter chunks
The technique of using justified alignment is not included in the list as it does not employ white space.Margins determine the reading area of a document. Business letters and memos usually have margins of 1 inch, and the text is typically left-aligned.Typeface, font, and size can influence how your message is read.
A wide variety of typefaces are available for business writers, and different typefaces may suggest different purposes and occasions. As a result, the statement about typeface and font is true.
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Nesthy Petecio Inc has provided the following data for the month of August. There were no beginning inventories; consequently, the direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead applied listed below are all for the current month. Manufacturing overhead for the month was overapplied by P5,000. The company allocates any underapplied or overapplied overhead among work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold at the end of the month on the basis of the ending balances in those accounts. Note: For interim calculations, use 5 decimal places; ROUND-UP final answer to a whole number. The WORK-IN-PROCESS sold for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to The FINISHED GOODS for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to The COST OF GOODS SOLD for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P
The WORK-IN-PROCESS sold for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P278,461. The FINISHED GOODS for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P145,744. The COST OF GOODS SOLD for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P172,727.
Nesthy Petecio Inc has provided the following data for the month of August. There were no beginning inventories; consequently, the direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead applied listed below are all for the current month. Manufacturing overhead for the month was overapplied by P5,000. The company allocates any underapplied or overapplied overhead among work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold at the end of the month on the basis of the ending balances in those accounts. Note: For interim calculations, use 5 decimal places; ROUND-UP final answer to a whole number.
Explanation:
Calculation for work in process (WIP):
WIP sold for August = (Total units produced - Ending WIP inventory) * Total cost per unit
Work-in-process ending balance = Direct material cost + Direct labor cost + Manufacturing overhead cost – Cost of goods manufactured (COGM)
WIP sold for August = (400 - 50) * ((P34,500 + P6,000 + P4,200)/400) = P278,461
Calculation for finished goods:
Finished goods ending balance = Cost of goods manufactured + Beginning finished goods inventory - Ending finished goods inventory
Finished goods ending balance = P140,400 + P28,200 - P25,800 = P142,800
Finished goods after allocation = P142,800 + P5,000/400 = P145,744
Calculation for cost of goods sold (COGS):
COGS = Beginning finished goods inventory + COGM - Ending finished goods inventory
COGM = Direct material cost + Direct labor cost + Manufacturing overhead cost = P34,500 + P6,000 + P4,200 = P44,700
COGS = P28,200 + P44,700 - P25,800 = P46,100
Cost of goods sold after allocation = P46,100 - P5,000/400 = P172,727
Therefore, the WORK-IN-PROCESS sold for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P278,461. The FINISHED GOODS for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P145,744. The COST OF GOODS SOLD for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P172,727.
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