Louis Brandeis' objective in writing the concurring opinion in Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority, essay number 65, was to describe the rules the Supreme Court follows in using Judicial Review.
In this opinion, Brandeis outlined the principles of constitutional avoidance and advised that the Court should only address constitutional issues when it is necessary to do so.
He also emphasized the importance of respecting the separation of powers between the judiciary and other branches of government.
Therefore, the answer is c.
The rules the Supreme Court follows in using Judicial Review.
The essay did not address the end of the death penalty, the end of the protection of private property, or the law as it relates to State Governments selling electricity.
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The average annual salary for someone with an associate's degree is approximately:
a. $34,000
b. $44,000
c. $57,000
The answer to your question is that the average annual salary for someone with an associate's degree is approximately $44,000. This amount can vary depending on the specific field of study, location, and years of experience, among other factors.
In general, having an associate's degree can provide individuals with better career prospects and earning potential compared to those with just a high school diploma. It can also serve as a stepping stone towards earning a higher degree, such as a bachelor's or master's degree.
Some of the highest paying careers for those with an associate's degree include dental hygienist, respiratory therapist, and occupational therapy assistant. However, it's important to keep in mind that salaries can vary widely within each field and that experience and additional certifications or credentials can also impact earning potential.
Overall, obtaining an associate's degree can be a wise investment in one's education and future career prospects. While it may not guarantee a high salary, it can provide individuals with valuable skills and knowledge that can lead to greater job opportunities and earning potential.
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farmer brown sells sweet corn in a competitive market. when farmer brown sells 10 dozen ears of sweet corn, his total revenue is $30. when farmer brown sells 20 dozens ears of sweet corn, his total revenue is $60. farmer brown's average revenue___
Farmer Brown's average revenue for selling sweet corn is $3 per dozen, calculated by dividing his total revenue by the number of dozens sold. Thus, the average revenue is the same regardless of how many dozens of ears are sold.
Average revenue refers to the revenue generated per unit of output sold, calculated by dividing the total revenue by the quantity of goods or services sold. Average revenue is an important metric for businesses, as it indicates the price at which each unit of output is sold and reflects the demand for the product or service. It is different from the total revenue, which is the total amount of revenue earned from all sales. Average revenue can help businesses to determine their pricing strategy and optimize their production levels. In a perfectly competitive market, the average revenue equals the market price of the product, while in a monopolistic market, the average revenue is higher than the market price due to the ability of the firm to exercise market power.
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the range of possible prices, where sellers have incentive to sell and buyers have incentive to purchase, is ________
The range of possible prices, where sellers have an incentive to sell and buyers have an incentive to purchase, is equilibrium price.
This price is determined by the interaction of supply and demand in the market. At prices below the equilibrium price, demand exceeds supply, leading to a shortage and potential price increases. At prices above the equilibrium price, supply exceeds demand, leading to a surplus and potential price decreases.
The equilibrium price represents a balance between the quantity of goods or services that producers are willing to supply and the quantity that consumers are willing to purchase. It is the price point where both buyers and sellers are able to achieve their desired outcomes in the market.
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The increase in the number of products being introduced to the marketplace makes it easier for customers to assess what to buy and from whom. True or False.
The statement "The increase in the number of products being introduced to the marketplace makes it easier for customers to assess what to buy and from whom" is generally considered to be false.
While an increased number of products in the marketplace might offer customers a wider variety of choices, this increase can also lead to information overload and decision paralysis
. With so many options available, customers may find it challenging to effectively compare products and determine the best option for their needs. Additionally,
the sheer number of choices can make it difficult for customers to identify the most reliable and trustworthy sellers.
In order to make informed decisions, customers need to invest more time and effort in researching and comparing products.
This can be time-consuming and may still not guarantee the best choice.
Therefore, the increase in the number of products being introduced to the marketplace does not necessarily make it easier for customers to assess what to buy and from whom.
Instead, it may lead to confusion and difficulty in making well-informed decisions.
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which of the following transactions constitute an accrual adjustment involving an expense account? (check all that apply.)
An accrual adjustment involving an expense account typically occurs when an expense has been incurred but not yet paid or recorded. Out of the following transactions, the ones that constitute an accrual adjustment involving an expense account are:
1. Accrued interest expense: This occurs when interest has been incurred on a loan or debt but has not yet been paid. The adjustment records the interest expense in the current period, even though payment will be made in a later period.
2. Accrued salaries and wages: This occurs when employees have provided services but have not yet been paid for their work. The adjustment records the salary and wage expense in the period the work was performed, even if payment will be made in a later period.
3. Accrued utilities: This happens when utility services have been used, but the bill has not yet been received or paid. The adjustment records the utility expense in the period the service was used, regardless of when payment will be made.
4. Depreciation expense: This involves allocating the cost of a tangible asset, such as machinery or equipment, over its useful life. Depreciation expense is recorded periodically, regardless of whether a cash payment has been made or not.
In summary, accrual adjustments involving expense accounts are necessary to accurately reflect expenses in the period they are incurred. These adjustments ensure that financial statements follow the accrual basis of accounting and provide a more accurate representation of a company's financial position.
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Correct question is "which of the following transactions constitute an accrual adjustment involving an expense account? (check all that apply.) accrual adjustment, Depreciation expense, Accrued utilities, Accrued salaries and wages and Accrued interest expense"
T/F When companies in the same industry merge to achieve economies of scale and to expand their product lines, it is called a horizontal merger.
True. When companies in the same industry merge to achieve economies of scale and to expand their product lines, it is called a horizontal merger.
This type of merger involves two companies that are typically competitors in the same market or industry. The goal of the merger is to create a larger and stronger company that can benefit from cost savings, increased market share, and expanded product offerings. Horizontal mergers are common in industries such as technology, telecommunications, and retail. For example, the merger between Comcast and NBCUniversal was a horizontal merger because both companies operated in the media and entertainment industry.
Horizontal mergers can have a significant impact on the industry, as they can create dominant players with significant market power. Therefore, such mergers are subject to regulatory scrutiny to ensure that they do not lead to anti-competitive behavior.
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126. Strategic human resource development can be defined as the identification of essential job skills and the management of employee learning for long-range in relation to corporate strategy. True False
True.Strategic human resource development involves aligning the organization's human resource development activities with its long-term goals and objectives,
Strategic human resource development involves aligning the organization's human resource development activities with its long-term goals and objectives, and identifying and managing the essential job skills required for achieving those goals. It involves a proactive approach to employee learning and development, rather than simply responding to immediate needs. Therefore, the statement "Strategic human resource development can be defined as the identification of essential job skills and the management of employee learning for long-range in relation to corporate strategy" is true.
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sarita belongs to a national consumer panel created by a market research company. she regularly receives samples of new products from a variety of firms and fills out questionnaires about the products. the national consumer panel sarita is part of is engaged in
The national consumer panel that Sarita is part of is engaged in market research. Market research is a process through which organizations collect and analyze data on consumer preferences, needs, and behaviors to develop insights and identify opportunities to improve their products or services. In this case, the market research company has created a panel of consumers, including Sarita, who provide feedback on new products they receive from various firms.
1. The market research company selects a diverse group of consumers, like Sarita, to be part of the national consumer panel.
2. The company sends samples of new products from different firms to the panel members.
3. Panel members, including Sarita, try the products and fill out questionnaires about their experiences and opinions.
4. The market research company collects the questionnaires and analyzes the responses to gather insights about consumer preferences and trends.
5. The company shares the results with the participating firms, who can use the feedback to improve their products, adjust marketing strategies, and make better business decisions.
Overall, the national consumer panel Sarita is part of plays a crucial role in providing valuable insights to firms regarding consumer preferences and market trends, helping them create better products and experiences for their customers.
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bank a offers loans at an 8% nominal rate (apr) but requires that interest be paid quarterly;that is, it uses quarterly compounding. bank b wants to charge the same effective rate on its loans, but it wants to collect interest on a monthly basis, that is to use monthly compounding. what nominal rate must bank b set?
Bank B must set a nominal rate of 7.72% to charge the same effective rate as Bank A.
What is the nominal rate required by Bank B to charge the same effective rate on its loans as Bank A?To calculate the nominal rate required by Bank B, we need to use the formula for the effective annual interest rate, which takes into account the compounding frequency. By setting the effective annual interest rate of Bank B's loan equal to that of Bank A's loan, and solving for the nominal rate with monthly compounding, we get a rate of 7.72%.
This means that Bank B needs to charge a nominal rate of 7.72% with monthly compounding to have the same effective rate as Bank A's 8% nominal rate with quarterly compounding.
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On 2022/06/15, Elephant Company signed a contract to deliver a truck to Kimberland Company within one month. Kimberland agreed to pay $120,000 in advance on 2022/07/05 and did as it promised. On 2022/07/15, Elephant delivered the truck costing $72,000.
Instructions
Prepare the journal entries for Elephant Company on the three dates mentioned above.
Journal entry for 2022/06/15 is not required. Journal entries for 2022/07/05 can be prepared by recording details of cash (debit) and unearned revenue (credit) and for 2022/07/15 by recording cost of goods sold (debit), unearned revenue (debit), inventory (credit), and sales revenue (credit).
On 2022/06/15, Elephant Company signed a contract to deliver a truck to Kimberland Company within one month:
1. 2022/06/15 - No journal entry is required since no transaction has occurred yet, only the signing of the contract.
On 2022/07/05, Kimberland agreed to pay $120,000 in advance:
2. 2022/07/05 - Elephant Company records the advance payment received:
Debit: Cash $120,000
Credit: Unearned Revenue $120,000
On 2022/07/15, Elephant delivered the truck costing $72,000:
3. 2022/07/15 - Elephant Company records the cost of the truck delivered:
Debit: Cost of Goods Sold $72,000
Credit: Inventory $72,000
4. 2022/07/15 - Elephant Company recognizes the revenue earned from the truck delivery:
Debit: Unearned Revenue $120,000
Credit: Sales Revenue $120,000
These are the journal entries for Elephant Company on the three dates.
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Required: Briefly explain (citing relevant sections) whether the followingare assessable as ordinary income or statutory income, or non-assessable(1 mark each)i. A $3000 travel allowance given to an employee prior to theirwork-related trip.ii. A transferrable $80 gift voucher (to buy items in a departmentstore) given by a sole trader employer to her employee as abirthday present.iii. $60,000 in post-judgment interest given as part of a compensationpackage to a taxpayer who due to medical negligence sufferedan injury to their eyesight.iv. A sole practitioner solicitor receives a voucher for $800 worth ofrestaurant meals (which is not transferrable and non-refundable)from a client that he helped get off from criminal theft charges
The travel allowance is given for a work-related purpose, it is assessable as ordinary income. A fringe benefit and is not considered assessable as ordinary income or statutory income. Under Section 6-5(3) of the ITAA 1997, interest income is statutory income. The voucher is non-transferrable and non-refundable, it is not included as assessable income for the solicitor.
i. A $3000 travel allowance given to an employee prior to their work-related trip:
This is considered ordinary income. According to Section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997), ordinary income includes salary, wages, and allowances. As the travel allowance is given for a work-related purpose, it is assessable as ordinary income.
ii. A transferrable $80 gift voucher given by a sole trader employer to her employee as a birthday present:
This is a fringe benefit and is not considered assessable as ordinary income or statutory income. According to Section 58P of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act 1986 (FBTAA 1986), minor benefits less than $300 provided to an employee are exempt from fringe benefits tax (FBT) and are not assessable income for the employee.
iii. $60,000 in post-judgment interest given as part of a compensation package to a taxpayer who suffered an injury to their eyesight due to medical negligence:
This is considered statutory income. Under Section 6-5(3) of the ITAA 1997, interest income is statutory income. In this case, the post-judgment interest is assessable as statutory income.
iv. A sole practitioner solicitor receives a voucher for $800 worth of restaurant meals from a client he helped get off from criminal theft charges:
This is a non-assessable fringe benefit. Under Section 6-5 of the ITAA 1997, assessable income does not include non-cash benefits provided by a client to a sole practitioner solicitor. As the voucher is non-transferrable and non-refundable, it is not included as assessable income for the solicitor.
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Assume that a bank's bid rate on the Japanese yen is $.0041 and its ask rate is $.0043. Its bid-ask percentage spread is about:
a. 4.65%
b. 4.88%
c. 4.99%
d. 4.43%
The bid-ask percentage spread for this bank on Japanese yen is 4.43% The answer is D.
Ask rate - Bid rate / Ask rate x 100% Therefore, the calculation would be: $.0043 - $.0041 / $.0043 x 100% = 4.43%
This means that the bank is offering to buy Japanese yen from customers at a rate that is 4.43% lower than the rate at which it is willing to sell the same currency.
The bid-ask spread is a common way for banks to make money on currency transactions and reflects the cost of doing business. It is important for customers to be aware of the bid-ask spread when conducting currency transactions, as it can affect the overall cost of the transaction.
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The economy of the United States can be described as a
a.)pure market
b.)traditional
c.)mixed
d.)centrally planned economy
The economy of the United States can be described as a mixed economy. This means that it is a combination of elements of both a market and centrally planned economy. In a mixed economy, the government and private individuals both play important roles in economic decision-making.
The government sets regulations and policies to guide economic activity, while individuals and businesses make decisions based on market demand and supply.
The United States has a market-oriented economic system, which means that the majority of economic decisions are made by private individuals and businesses. However, the government also plays an important role in regulating the economy through policies such as taxation, subsidies, and trade regulations. Additionally, the government provides public goods and services, such as infrastructure and national defense, which are not provided by the private sector.
Overall, the mixed economy of the United States has contributed to its economic growth and stability, but it is not without its challenges. The balance between government intervention and market freedom is constantly debated, and finding the right mix can be difficult. However, the United States remains one of the strongest and most dynamic economies in the world, with a diverse range of industries and a high standard of living for its citizens.
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5. A firm has forecasted sales of $4,000 in January, $6,000 in February, and $5,500 in March. All sales are on credit. 40% is collected the month of sale and the remainder the following month. How much is collected from accounts receivable in February?
A. $5,400
B. $4,800
C. $6,000
D. $3,000
To calculate the amount collected from accounts receivable in February, we first need to determine how much of the January sales will be collected in February. 40% of the $4,000 sales in January, or $1,600, will be collected in February. The remaining 60% will be collected in March.
Next, we need to determine how much of the February sales will be collected in February. 40% of the $6,000 sales in February, or $2,400, will be collected in February. The remaining 60% will be collected in March. Therefore, the total amount collected from accounts receivable in February will be $1,600 from January sales and $2,400 from February sales, for a total of $4,000. The correct answer is not provided in the options, as the closest option is B ($4,800), which is the total amount collected from accounts receivable in January and February, not just February.
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evaluating lump sums and annuities: kristina just won the lottery, and she must choose among three award options. she can elect to recieve a lump sum today of $62 million, to reeive 10 end-of-year payments of 9.5 million, or to receive 30 end-of-year payments of $5.6 million. a. if she thinks she can earn 7% annually, which should she choose?
Based on the present values, Kristina should choose the option with the highest value, which is receiving 30 end-of-year payments of $5.6 million.
How to determine the value should be chosenBased on the information provided, we can evaluate the three award options for Kristina using their present value, given a 7% annual interest rate.
a. Lump sum:
$62 million (This option doesn't require further calculation as she will receive the entire amount today.)
b. 10 end-of-year payments of $9.5 million:
To calculate the present value of this annuity, we use the annuity formula:
PV = P * [(1 - (1 + r)⁻ⁿ) / r]
Where PV is present value, P is the payment amount, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of payments.
PV = $9.5 million * [(1 - (1 + 0.07)⁻¹⁰) / 0.07]
PV ≈ $66.79 million
c. 30 end-of-year payments of $5.6 million:
Using the same annuity formula:
PV = $5.6 million * [(1 - (1 + 0.07)⁻³⁰) / 0.07]
PV ≈ $84.12 million
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If you plan to take money out of the bank frequently, what type of account should you get? A. A savings account B. A checking account C. An interest account D. An investment account Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D Mark this and return
If you plan to take money out of the bank frequently, the best type of account to get is a checking account. Option B.
A checking account is designed for everyday transactions and typically offers easy access to funds through methods such as ATM withdrawals, debit card transactions, and online bill payments.
This type of account also usually has lower fees and fewer restrictions on the number of transactions you can make compared to a savings account.
A checking account is the best choice for frequent withdrawals and everyday transactions, while a savings account, interest account, and investment account are better suited for different financial goals and objectives.
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Best Buy offers many different manufacturer (name) brands including HP, Panasonic, Sony, and Canon. Which of the following is a primary reason that Best Buy would offer these and other manufacturer brands?a. increased profit margind. total control over marketingb. reduced marketing costse. increased loyalty to Best Buyc. less competition
The primary reason that Best Buy offers many different manufacturer brand, including HP, Panasonic, Sony, and Canon, is to increase loyalty to Best Buy. The correct answer is E.
By providing a wide range of brands, Best Buy appeals to a larger customer base with diverse preferences, which in turn can lead to increased customer loyalty.
Offering multiple brands ensures that customers can find their preferred products at Best Buy, making them more likely to continue shopping there and recommend it to others. This strategy helps Best Buy maintain a competitive edge in the market and foster long-term relationships with customers.
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Complete question:
Best Buy offers many different manufacturer (name) brands including HP, Panasonic, Sony, and Canon. Which of the following is a primary reason that Best Buy would offer these and other manufacturer brands?
a. increased profit margin
b. reduced marketing costs
c. less competition
d. total control over marketing
e. increased loyalty to Best Buy
A refrigerator of width w and height h rests on a rough incline as in Figure P8. 25 (page 268). Find an expression for the maximum value theta can have before the refrigerator tips over. Note, the contact point between the refrigerator and incline shifts as theta increases and treat the refrigerator as a uniform box
By comparing the torque caused by the weight to the torque caused by the frictional force, the maximum angle at which a refrigerator will topple over on an inclined surface may be calculated.
The forces operating on the refrigerator must be taken into consideration to calculate the maximum angle theta at which a refrigerator will topple over on an inclined surface. As the angle of inclination rises, the weight of the refrigerator will produce a torque near the point of contact with the slope.
The frictional force acting on the refrigerator, which opposes the weight torque, must balance this torque. The maximum value of theta may be calculated by equating these two torques. This equation will depend on the refrigerator's weight, coefficients of friction, and size.
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During January, Luxury Cruise Lines incurs employee salaries of $1.6 million. Withholdings in January are $122,400 for the employee portion of FICA, $240,000 for federal income tax, $100,000 for state income tax, and $16,000 for the employee portion of health insurance (payable to Blue Cross/Blue Shield). The company incurs an additional $99,200 for federal and state unemployment tax and $48,000 for the employer portion of health insurance. Required: 1., 2. & 3. Record the necessary entries in the Journal Entry Worksheet below. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field. Enter your answers in dollars, not in millions.)1., 2. & 3. Record the necessary entries in the Journal Entry Worksheet below. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field. Enter your answers in dollars, not in millions.)
Luxury Cruise Lines incurred employee salaries of $1.6 million in January, along with various withholdings and contributions. The necessary journal entries include debiting Salaries Expense for $1,600,000, and crediting FICA Payable, Federal Income Tax Payable, State Income Tax Payable, Health Insurance Payable, and Salaries Payable. Additionally, the company must debit Payroll Tax Expense and Health Insurance Expense, and credit FICA Payable (Employer portion), Federal and State Unemployment Tax Payable, and Health Insurance Payable (Employer portion).
Record the necessary journal entries for Luxury Cruise Lines regarding employee salaries and related expenses. Here are the required journal entries:
1. Record the employee salaries and withholdings:
Debit: Salaries Expense - $1,600,000
Credit: FICA Payable (Employee portion) - $122,400
Credit: Federal Income Tax Payable - $240,000
Credit: State Income Tax Payable - $100,000
Credit: Health Insurance Payable (Employee portion) - $16,000
Credit: Salaries Payable - $1,121,600
2. Record the employer's payroll taxes:
Debit: Payroll Tax Expense - $221,200
Credit: FICA Payable (Employer portion) - $122,400
Credit: Federal and State Unemployment Tax Payable - $99,200
3. Record the employer's portion of health insurance:
Debit: Health Insurance Expense - $48,000
Credit: Health Insurance Payable (Employer portion) - $48,000
These entries should help you account for Luxury Cruise Lines' employee salaries and related expenses for January.
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ng and managing a company and QUESTION 24 You have the opportunity to buy your aunt's jewelry store. Before making your decision and tells you to look after company's accounting information What should you keep the accounting function in bussines?
If you are considering buying your aunt's jewelry store, it is important to understand the role of accounting in running and managing a company. Accounting plays a crucial role in keeping track of the company's financial transactions, managing expenses and revenues, preparing financial statements, and ensuring compliance with tax and regulatory requirements.
When it comes to keeping the accounting function in business, there are a few key things to consider. First, it is important to have a good understanding of the accounting principles and practices that apply to your business. This may require hiring an experienced accountant or bookkeeper to help you set up and manage your financial records.
Second, you will need to choose the right accounting software and tools to help you track and manage your finances. There are many different options available, from basic spreadsheets to more sophisticated accounting software programs. Be sure to choose a system that is user-friendly and tailored to the specific needs of your business.
Finally, it is important to establish a system of checks and balances to ensure the accuracy and integrity of your financial records. This may involve having multiple people involved in the accounting process or implementing internal controls to prevent fraud or errors.
Overall, keeping the accounting function in business requires careful planning, attention to detail, and a commitment to accuracy and transparency. By taking these steps, you can ensure that your business runs smoothly and successfully and that you can make informed decisions based on accurate financial information.
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10. Mentoring is a form of off-the-job training.
Yes, mentoring is a type of off-the-job training. Off-the-job training refers to any form of training or learning that takes place outside of the normal work environment, and mentoring is one example of this. It involves pairing an experienced employee or mentor with a less experienced employee.
With the goal of helping the latter to develop new skills, knowledge and understanding of the job. During mentoring, the mentee receives guidance and support from the mentor, which can help them to improve their performance and increase their confidence in the workplace. Mentoring can be a form of on-the-job or off-the-job training, depending on how it is structured and implemented.
In on-the-job mentoring, a more experienced employee (the mentor) provides guidance and support to a less experienced employee (the mentee) within the context of their job duties. This type of mentoring typically takes place during work hours and on company premises, making it a form of on-the-job training.
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A) What is the future value on December 31, 2025, of 10 cash flows of $20,000 with the first cash payment made on January 1, 2016, and each payment being made on January 1 in the future, annually, and interest at 10% being compounded annually?B) What is the future value on December 31, 2025, of 10 cash flows of $20,000 with the first cash payment made on December 31, 2016, and each payment being made on December 31 in the future, annually, and interest at 10% being compounded annually?Note: The factor for the future value of $1, n = 1 year, and i = 10% is 1.10000; the factor for the future value of an annuity due of $1 (beginning of the period), n = 10 years, i = 10% = 17.5312. The factor for the future value of an ordinary annuity of $1 (deposited at the end of the period), n = 10 years, i = 10% is 15.9374.
The future value of these cash flows on December 31, 2025, would be $318,748. The future value of these cash flows on December 31, 2025, would be $350,624.
A) To calculate the future value of 10 cash flows of $20,000 each, with the first payment made on January 1, 2016, and subsequent payments made annually on January 1, we can use the formula:
[tex]FV = PMT x [((1 + r)^n - 1) / r][/tex]
where PMT is the payment amount, r is the interest rate per period, and n is the number of periods.
Here, PMT = $20,000, r = 10%, and n = 10. Since the payments are made at the end of each period (i.e., January 1 of each year), we use the factor for the future value of an ordinary annuity of $1 for n = 10 and i = 10%, which is 15.9374.
Therefore, the future value of these cash flows on December 31, 2025, would be:
FV = $20,000 x 15.9374 = $318,748
B) To calculate the future value of 10 cash flows of $20,000 each, with the first payment made on December 31, 2016, and subsequent payments made annually on December 31, we can use the same formula as above.
However, since the first payment is made on December 31, 2016, we need to adjust the number of periods and use the factor for the future value of an annuity due of $1 for n = 10 and i = 10%, which is 17.5312.
Therefore, the future value of these cash flows on December 31, 2025, would be:
FV = $20,000 x 17.5312 = $350,624
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Q1- The gross earnings of the factory workers for Vargas Company during the month of January are $60,000. The employer's payroll taxes for the factory payroll are $7,000. The fringe benefits to be paid by the employer on this payroll are $5,000. Of the total accumulated cost of factory labor, 80% is related to direct labor and 20% is attributed to indirect labor. Instructions: (a) Prepare the entry to record the factory labor costs for the month of January. (b) Prepare the entry to assign factory labor to production.
The journal entry to record the factory labor costs is: Debit: Factory Labor Expense - $72,000, Credit: Salaries Payable - $60,000, Credit: Payroll Tax Expense - $7,000, Credit: Fringe Benefits Expense - $5,000.
The journal entry to assign factory labor to production is: Debit: Work in Process Inventory - $57,600 (Direct labor), Debit: Manufacturing Overhead - $14,400 (Indirect labor), Credit: Factory Labor Expense - $72,000.
(a) To record the factory labor costs for the month of January, we need to calculate the total labor costs by adding gross earnings, employer's payroll taxes, and fringe benefits:
Total labor costs = Gross earnings + Employer's payroll taxes + Fringe benefits
Total labor costs = $60,000 + $7,000 + $5,000
Total labor costs = $72,000
The journal entry to record the factory labor costs is as follows:
Debit: Factory Labor Expense - $72,000
Credit: Salaries Payable - $60,000
Credit: Payroll Tax Expense - $7,000
Credit: Fringe Benefits Expense - $5,000
(b) To assign factory labor to production, we need to allocate the labor costs to direct labor and indirect labor based on the given percentages:
Direct labor costs = Total labor costs x 80%
Direct labor costs = $72,000 x 0.8
Direct labor costs = $57,600
Indirect labor costs = Total labor costs x 20%
Indirect labor costs = $72,000 x 0.2
Indirect labor costs = $14,400
The journal entry to assign factory labor to production is as follows:
Debit: Work in Process Inventory - $57,600 (Direct labor)
Debit: Manufacturing Overhead - $14,400 (Indirect labor)
Credit: Factory Labor Expense - $72,000
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the activity levels in which total fixed costs and per unit variable costs do not change is known as the _________
The activity levels in which total fixed costs and per unit variable costs do not change is known as the relevant range.
Here are some key points to help explain:
1. The relevant range is the range of activity levels where a company's fixed and variable costs behave predictably.
2. Within the relevant range, total fixed costs remain constant regardless of the level of activity.
3. Per unit variable costs remain constant within the relevant range because the variable cost per unit is assumed to remain constant.
4. The relevant range is important for companies when making decisions related to production and pricing as it helps them determine the appropriate cost structure.
5. When a company operates outside the relevant range, they may encounter unexpected fluctuations in costs that can impact their profitability.
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APA paper based on the required reading of, Extraordinary circumstances: The journey of a corporate whistleblower (Cooper, 2009). Read the textbook and using critical thinking skills, discuss the following questions demonstrating what you have learned in weeks 1 through 7, supplemented with at least 2 to 3 other relevant sources.Exploring the context of the corporate culture at WorldCom, explain the philosophy of CEO Bernie Ebbers and how he pressured staff to cook the books. What roles did David Myers, Scott Sullivan, Buford (Buddy) Yates, Betty Vinson, Troy Normand, and Charles Cannada play?When Cynthia Cooper and her staff had started their investigative work, which had to be done at night, in secrecy, discuss what you found to be internal control weaknesses within the company and why Bernie Ebbers prohibited Cooper from using the words internal controls in audit report.Conclude your paper by recommending what might be done to help mitigate this type of massive corporate fraud in the future.
The corporate culture at WorldCom was one that encouraged unethical behavior in order to achieve financial success. The corporate culture at WorldCom was one that valued financial success over ethical behavior. The CEO, Bernie Ebbers, promoted a philosophy of "growth at all costs" and prioritized the company's stock price. He pressured employees to use accounting tricks to meet unrealistic financial goals. To prevent future corporate fraud, companies need to prioritize ethical behavior, transparency, and strong internal controls, and regulators need to monitor corporate behavior and hold companies accountable.
David Myers, Scott Sullivan, Buford (Buddy) Yates, Betty Vinson, Troy Normand, and Charles Cannada all played different roles in the fraud scheme at WorldCom. Myers was the CFO and worked closely with Sullivan to manipulate the company's financial statements. Yates was a senior accountant who helped manipulate the company's reserves. Vinson was a director of accounting who helped cover up the fraud. Normand was a financial analyst who helped Sullivan manipulate the company's reserves. Cannada was the company's general counsel who advised Ebbers on legal matters related to the fraud.
When Cynthia Cooper and her staff started their investigative work, they found numerous internal control weaknesses within the company. For example, there was a lack of segregation of duties, which allowed employees to manipulate financial records without detection. There was also a lack of oversight from the board of directors, which allowed Ebbers and his team to operate without accountability.
Bernie Ebbers prohibited Cooper from using the words "internal controls" in the audit report because he knew that it would draw attention to the weaknesses in the company's accounting practices. By prohibiting Cooper from discussing internal controls, Ebbers hoped to keep the fraud hidden from regulators and investors.
To help mitigate this type of massive corporate fraud in the future, companies need to prioritize ethical behavior and transparency. This can be achieved through the implementation of strong internal controls, independent auditing, and oversight from a responsible board of directors. Companies should also prioritize the training and education of their employees to ensure that everyone is aware of the importance of ethical behavior and the consequences of fraud. Regular audits should be conducted to ensure that internal controls are effective and that financial statements are accurate. Finally, regulators need to be vigilant in monitoring corporate behavior and holding companies accountable for unethical practices.
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Amortization Entries Kleen Company acquired patent rights on January 10 of Year 1 for $408,000. The patent has a useful life equal to its legal life of eight years. On January 7 of Year 4, Kleen successfully defended the patent in a lawsuit at a cost of $20,500 If required, round your answer to the nearest dollar a. Determine the patent amortization expense for the Year 4 ended December 31. b. Journalize the adjusting entry on December 31 of Year 4 to recognize the amortization.
a.The patent amortization expense for Year 4 is $275,500 / 4 = $68,875. b.The adjusting entry on December 31 of Year 4 to recognize the amortization is Patent Amortization Expense $68,875,Accumulated Amortization - Patent $68,875
a. To calculate the patent amortization expense for Year 4 ended December 31, we first need to determine the remaining book value of the patent after three years of amortization. The cost of the patent was $408,000, and its useful life is eight years, so the annual amortization expense is $408,000 / 8 = $51,000. After three years of amortization, the accumulated amortization will be $51,000 x 3 = $153,000, and the book value of the patent will be $408,000 - $153,000 = $255,000.
On January 7 of Year 4, Kleen incurred a legal cost of $20,500 to defend the patent. This cost should be added to the book value of the patent because it extends the patent's useful life. The new book value of the patent on January 7 of Year 4 is $255,000 + $20,500 = $275,500.
To calculate the patent amortization expense for Year 4 ended December 31, we need to divide the remaining book value by the remaining useful life, which is 8 - 4 = 4 years. The patent amortization expense for Year 4 is $275,500 / 4 = $68,875.
b. The adjusting entry on December 31 of Year 4 to recognize the amortization expense would be:
Patent Amortization Expense $68,875
Accumulated Amortization - Patent $68,875
This entry recognizes the amortization expense for the current year and updates the accumulated amortization account, which is a contra-asset account that reduces the patent's book value.
As a result of this entry, the patent's book value on December 31 of Year 4 will be $255,000 + $68,875 = $323,875, and the accumulated amortization will be $153,000 + $68,875 = $221,875. The patent will continue to be amortized over the remaining four years of its legal life.
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suppose that your tuition to attend college is $10,000 per year and you spend $4,000 per year on room and board. it is mandatory that you have to stay in the dorm for your room and board. if you were working full time, you could earn $20,000 per year. what is your opportunity cost of attending college for one year?
Your opportunity cost of attending college for one year is $34,000.
How to determine the opportunity costThe opportunity cost of attending college for one year includes both the direct expenses and the foregone income from working full time.
In this case, the direct expenses are the $10,000 tuition and the mandatory $4,000 room and board, totaling $14,000.
Additionally, by choosing to attend college, you forgo the opportunity to earn $20,000 per year from working full time.
To calculate the opportunity cost, simply add the direct expenses and the foregone income:
$14,000 (tuition and room/board) + $20,000 (foregone income) = $34,000.
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Q. No. 4- In March of Year 1, Sally Rogers and Peter Dean began a business partnership. Each contributes cash of $75,000 and agrees to share income and losses equally. The following information is provided for the first fiscal year of the partnership. a) The partnership net income of $328,000 consisted of the following sources of income: Business income $300,000 Eligible dividends 20,000 Taxable capital gains 10,000 Allowable capital losses _(2,000) $328,000 b) In addition, the partnership received a tax-free capital dividend of $12,000 and donated $3,000 to registered charities. c) Each partner takes draws totaling $60,000. Determine the adjusted cost base for the partnership interest of each of the partners at January 1, Year 2.
A partnership is a type of business structure in which two or more individuals, known as partners, jointly own and operate a business.
a) Calculation of partnership net income:
Business income: $300,000
Eligible dividends: $20,000
Taxable capital gains: $10,000
Allowable capital losses: ($2,000)
Total: $328,000
b) Adjustments:
Tax-free capital dividend: $12,000
Charitable donations: ($3,000)
Adjusted net income: $337,000
c) Calculation of adjusted cost base:
Partner 1:
Beginning capital contribution: $75,000
Share of net income: ($168,500) [($337,000/2)]
Draws: ($30,000) [$60,000/2]
Adjusted cost base: $116,500
Partner 2:
Beginning capital contribution: $75,000
Share of net income: ($168,500) [($337,000/2)]
Draws: ($30,000) [$60,000/2]
Adjusted cost base: $116,500
Therefore, the adjusted cost base for the partnership interest of each partner at January 1, Year 2 is $116,500.
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To detect material misstatements in a class of transactions, account balance and disclosurecomponent of the financial statements, the auditor designs substantive procedures. true or false
The correct answer is True. In order to detect material misstatements in a class of transactions, account balance, and disclosure component of the financial statements, the auditor must design substantive procedures.
These procedures involve obtaining sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support the assertions made in the financial statements. The auditor must use their professional judgment to determine the nature, timing, and extent of these procedures based on the assessed risks of material misstatement.
This may include testing of transactions and account balances, reviewing supporting documentation, and performing analytical procedures. The goal of substantive procedures is to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatements.
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What is the length of the Scaled Scrum Daily Scrum?
The length of the Scaled Scrum Daily Scrum, also known as the Daily Stand-up, is typically 15 minutes.
This brief duration ensures efficient communication and problem-solving within the team, while keeping the meeting focused and concise.During the 15-minute Daily Scrum, the development team members provide updates on their progress since the last meeting, discuss any obstacles or issues they are facing, and collaborate on solutions. In a Scaled Scrum framework, the Daily Scrum is often attended by representatives from multiple Scrum teams, who may provide updates on the status of their respective teams' work and identify any dependencies or inter-team issues.
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The length of the Scaled Scrum Daily Scrum can vary depending on the size and complexity of the project. However, the recommended time limit for the Daily Scrum in a Scaled Scrum framework is 15 minutes. This time limit is consistent with the recommended time limit for the Daily Scrum in a standard Scrum framework.
During the 15-minute Daily Scrum, the development team members provide updates on their progress since the last meeting, discuss any obstacles or issues they are facing, and collaborate on solutions. In a Scaled Scrum framework, the Daily Scrum is often attended by representatives from multiple Scrum teams, who may provide updates on the status of their respective teams' work and identify any dependencies or inter-team issues. It is important to note that while the 15-minute time limit is recommended, the length of the Daily Scrum should be adjusted as necessary to ensure that all necessary information is shared and discussed. The focus should be on efficient communication and collaboration rather than strictly adhering to a set time limit.
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