The minimum allowed gauge of the service conductors would be 1/0 AWG.
To calculate the current at the service entrance, we need to calculate the total power and power factor of the loads.
For the two lathes, the total power is 2 x 15 HP x 0.89 = 26.7 kW, and the power factor is 0.79 lagging. The apparent power (S) can be calculated as S = P / PF = 33.8 kVA.
For the heat pump, the total power is 7 ton x 12,000 BTU/ton x 0.2931 kW/BTU / 1.9 COP = 2.64 kW, and the power factor is 0.95 lagging. The apparent power can be calculated as S = P / PF = 2.78 kVA.
For the two autoclaves, the total power is 2 x 30 BTU/h x 0.98 / 3.412 BTU/kW = 17.5 kW, and the power factor is 0.97 lagging. The apparent power can be calculated as S = P / PF = 18.0 kVA.
For the HID lighting system, the power is 25 kW and the power factor is unity, so the apparent power is equal to the real power, S = P = 25 kVA.
The total apparent power for all loads is S_total = 33.8 + 2.78 + 18.0 + 25 = 79.58 kVA.
If the lighting system is replaced with a T8 fluorescent system that consumes 25% less power, the new power is 0.75 x 25 kW = 18.75 kW. The power factor is 0.91 leading, so the apparent power is S = P / PF = 20.6 kVA.
The new total apparent power for all loads is S_total = 33.8 + 2.78 + 18.0 + 20.6 = 75.18 kVA.
The current can be calculated using the formula I = S / (sqrt(3) x V), where V is the line voltage (480 V):
For the original loads, I_original = 79.58 kVA / (sqrt(3) x 480 V) = 96.4 A
For the new loads, I_new = 75.18 kVA / (sqrt(3) x 480 V) = 91.0 A
Therefore, the change in service entrance current is (91.0 - 96.4) A = -5.4 A.
To determine the minimum allowed gauge of the service conductors, we can use the table in NFPA 70 Article 310.15(B)(16) for 60°C rated conductors in raceways. Based on the calculated current of 96.4 A for the original loads, we would need a minimum of 2/0 AWG copper conductors. However, based on the calculated current of 91.0 A for the new loads, we would only need a minimum of 1/0 AWG copper conductors.
Therefore, the minimum allowed gauge of the service conductors would be 1/0 AWG.
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a 18g piece of metal melts at 1225 c and its enthalpy of fusion is 22 kj/mol calculate the entropy of fusion per mole of the metal
To calculate the entropy of fusion per mole of the metal, we'll need to use the equation:
ΔS_fusion = ΔH_fusion / T_m
where ΔS_fusion is the entropy of fusion, ΔH_fusion is the enthalpy of fusion (22 kJ/mol), and T_m is the melting temperature (1225 °C or 1498.15 K when converted to Kelvin).
First, let's determine the number of moles in the 18g piece of metal. To do this, we need the molar mass (M) of the metal. Unfortunately, this information is not provided in the question, so I cannot determine the exact number of moles (n) using the equation:
n = mass / M
Assuming we had the molar mass, we could proceed to calculate the entropy of fusion per mole. We already have the enthalpy of fusion (ΔH_fusion = 22 kJ/mol) and the melting temperature in Kelvin (T_m = 1498.15 K).
ΔS_fusion = ΔH_fusion / T_m
ΔS_fusion = (22 kJ/mol) / (1498.15 K)
ΔS_fusion = 0.0147 kJ/mol·K
So, the entropy of fusion per mole of the metal would be approximately 0.0147 kJ/mol·K, assuming we had the molar mass of the metal.
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A mass tied to the end of a 1.0-m-long string is swinging back and forth. During each swing, it moves 4 cm from its lowest point to the right, then 4 cm to the left. One complete swing takes about 2 s. If the amplitude of motion is doubled, so the mass swings 8 cm to one side and then the other, the period of the motion will be 1. 2 s, 2. 4 s, 3. 6 s, 4. 8 s
The period of motion of a pendulum is defined as the time taken to complete one full cycle of motion, which includes swinging from one extreme to the other and back. The correct answer is 2. 4 s.
The period of a simple pendulum depends only on the length of the pendulum and the acceleration due to gravity, and is given by the formula:
T = 2π√(L/g)
where T is the period of the pendulum, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
In the given question, the length of the pendulum remains the same at 1.0 m, but the amplitude of motion is doubled from 4 cm to 8 cm. The amplitude of motion does not affect the period of a simple pendulum. Therefore, the period of the motion will remain unchanged at 2.4 seconds, which is option 2.
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which of the sources is commonly used as a continuum source in ultraviolet (uv) spectroscopy? tungsten lamp mercury arc lamp deuterium lamp globar hollow cathode lamp
Out of the sources mentioned, the deuterium lamp is commonly used as a continuum source in ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. This is because it emits light in the UV range, which is essential for UV spectroscopy.
The lamp contains a deuterium gas-filled tube that produces a continuous spectrum of light when an electric current is passed through it.
The light produced by the deuterium lamp is stable and does not fluctuate, which makes it an ideal source for UV spectroscopy
Moreover, the intensity of the light produced by the lamp can be easily controlled, making it convenient for various experiments. Tungsten lamps are not suitable for UV spectroscopy because they emit light mostly in the visible and infrared range.
Similarly, mercury arc lamps emit light in the UV range, but their spectrum is discontinuous, which can cause inaccuracies in measurements. The globar and hollow cathode lamps are not used as continuum sources in UV spectroscopy.
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- Widgets have a price elasticity of 1.75; widgets have
O elastic
O high
O price
Onone of the above
demand.
Answer:Given that widgets have a price elasticity of 1.75, any increase in widget price will B) decrease total revenue.
Explanation:
Which of the following best describes why water vapor, a greenhouse gas, is not considered a significant contributor to global climate change?
A
The concentration of water vapor is very low compared to the other gases.
B
Water vapor is inefficient at absorbing heat and does not absorb much of the infrared spectrum.
C
Water vapor has a relatively short residence time in the atmosphere.
D
Trees and other organisms naturally release water vapor during the process of decomposition.
Water vapor has a relatively short residence time in the atmosphere, which means it cycles in and out of the atmosphere more quickly than other greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. The correct answer is option C.
Option B is not correct because water vapor is actually very efficient at absorbing heat and does absorb much of the infrared spectrum. Option D is also not correct as the natural release of water vapor from trees and other organisms is not significant enough to impact global climate change.Option A is partially correct in that the concentration of water vapor is highly variable and dependent on temperature, but it is not the primary reason why water vapor is considered a significant contributor to global climate change. The correct answer is option C - water vapor has a relatively short residence time in the atmosphere, which means it cycles in and out of the atmosphere more quickly than other greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. However, it still plays a significant role in amplifying the warming effect of other greenhouse gases by trapping heat in the atmosphere.Overall, water vapor is considered a major contributor to global climate change because of its strong greenhouse effect and ability to amplify the warming effects of other greenhouse gases.For more such question on Water vapor
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helllllpp meee plllsssss <3
Each synthetic polymer matched to its use is given below.
How are they matched?nylon - used for ropes and nets
polystyrene foam - used for packaging materials
vulcanized rubber - used for tires and soles of shoes
polyethylene - used for plastic toys
Polymers are classified into two types: synthetic and natural. Scientists and engineers create synthetic polymers out of petroleum oil. Nylon, polyethylene, polyester, Teflon, and epoxy are examples of synthetic polymers.
Natural polymers can be derived from nature. They are frequently water-based.
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Consider a bicycle wheel that initially is not rotating. A, block of mass m is attached to the wheel via a string and is allowed to fall a distance h. Assume that the wheel has a moment of inertia I about its rotation axis. a) The string tied to the block is attached to the outside of the wheel, at radius r_A. find ω_A, the wheel?s angular speed after the block has fallen a distance h. Express your answer in terms of m,g,h,r_A and I. b) The string tied to the block is wrapped around a smaller axle of the wheel that has radius r_B. find ω_B, the wheel?s angular speed after the block has fallen a distance h. Express your answer in terms of m,g,h,r_B and I. c) Which of the following describes the relationship between ω_A and ω_B? 1) ω_A > ω_B 2) ω_B > ω_A 3) ω_A = ω_B
This expression of potential energy is greater than 1, since [tex]r_B < r_A[/tex], and therefore [tex]ω_B > ω_A[/tex]. Therefore, the correct answer is 2)[tex]ω_B > ω_A.[/tex]
a) Initially, the system is at rest. The potential energy of the block when it is at a height h is mgh. This energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the block and the rotational kinetic energy of the wheel. Therefore,
mgh = [tex](1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)Iω^2[/tex]
where v is the velocity of the block, ω is the angular velocity of the wheel, and we assume that the string remains taut during the fall.
The velocity of the block can be related to the angular velocity of the wheel by v = [tex]ωr_A,[/tex] where [tex]r_A[/tex] is the radius of the wheel. Substituting this into the equation above and solving for ω, we get:
[tex]ω_A = sqrt(2gh/(r_A^2 + (I/m)))[/tex]
b) In this case, the string is wrapped around a smaller axle of the wheel with radius [tex]r_B[/tex]. This means that the distance that the block falls is greater than the distance that the string is pulled, by a factor of r_A/r_B. Therefore, the potential energy of the block is converted into more rotational kinetic energy of the wheel than in part (a):
[tex]mgh = (1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)Iω^2 * (r_A/r_B)^2[/tex]
Again, we can relate v to ω using v = [tex]ωr_B[/tex], and solve for ω:
[tex]ω_B = sqrt(2gh/(r_B^2 + (I/m)*(r_A/r_B)^2))[/tex]
c) We can compare the expressions for[tex]ω_A[/tex]and [tex]ω_B[/tex] by taking the ratio:
[tex]ω_A/ω_B = sqrt((r_B^2 + (I/m)*(r_A/r_B)^2)/(r_A^2 + (I/m)))[/tex]
This expression is greater than 1, since [tex]r_B < r_A[/tex], and therefore [tex]ω_B > ω_A[/tex]. Therefore, the correct answer is 2)[tex]ω_B > ω_A.[/tex]
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What is an example of gravitational potential to kinetic to electrical current?
One example of gravitational potential energy being converted to kinetic energy and then to electrical energy is a hydroelectric power plant.
Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position or configuration in a system. It is a form of energy that is stored within an object, which can be released or converted into other forms of energy when the object moves or undergoes a change in its position or configuration.
The amount of potential energy an object has depends on its mass, its position or height above a reference point, and the forces acting upon it. An object with a greater mass or a higher position has a greater potential energy than an object with a lower mass or position. There are several types of potential energy, including gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, and electric potential energy, among others. Gravitational potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position in a gravitational field, while elastic potential energy is the energy stored in an object that is stretched or compressed
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an object of mass 2.75 kg is moving with a velocity what is the angular momentum of the mass relative to the origin when it is at the location (1.50, -1.50. 1.50) m? (Express your answer in vector form.)
The angular momentum of the object relative to the origin is [tex](4.13 kgm^{2/s})i - (4.13 kgm^{2/s})j[/tex]
The angular momentum of an object relative to the origin is given by the cross product of its position vector and its momentum vector. In this problem, we are given the mass of the object and its velocity, but we need to find its momentum and position vectors.The momentum of the object is given by p = mv, where m is the mass and v is the velocity. Since the mass is 2.75 kg and the velocity is not given, we cannot calculate the momentum directly. However, we know that the momentum is in the same direction as the velocity vector.To find the position vector of the object, we use the given coordinates (1.50, -1.50, 1.50) m. We represent this as a vector r = (1.50 m)i - (1.50 m)j + (1.50 m)k.Now, we can calculate the angular momentum L = r x p, where x represents the cross product. Since the momentum is in the same direction as the velocity, we can write p = mv = (2.75 kg)v. Taking the cross product of r and p, we get:[tex]L = r x p = [(1.50 m)i - (1.50 m)j + (1.50 m)k] * (2.75 kg)v= (4.13 kgm^{2/s})i - (4.13 kgm^{2/s})j[/tex]Therefore, the angular momentum of the object relative to the origin is [tex](4.13 kgm^{2/s})i - (4.13 kgm^{2/s})j.[/tex]For more such question on angular momentum
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Calculate the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 200 gm of water from 10°C to 90°C?
starting from rest, a 10 kg box slides down a 30 incline of length 3 meters. it is subject to a frictional force of 15 newtons while its sliding, what is the kinetic enegry at the bottom of the incline??
justin christofleau was a french scientist who grew crops of enormous vegetables in 1925 by erecting antennas
Justin Christofleau was a French scientist known for his remarkable experiments in agriculture, specifically with growing enormous vegetables. In 1925, he conducted a unique experiment by erecting antennas in his garden. These antennas played a crucial role in stimulating the growth of his crops.
Christofleau believed that the antennas helped to harness and focus natural atmospheric energy, directing it towards the plants, thus promoting their growth. By using this innovative method, he was able to grow vegetables of extraordinary size, surpassing conventional expectations for crop yields. His experiments attracted considerable attention due to the impressive results he achieved.
The use of antennas in agriculture showcased the potential for utilizing alternative methods to enhance crop growth and productivity. Christofleau's work not only demonstrated the impact of external factors on plant development but also paved the way for further research in the field of agricultural technology. Though his methods may seem unconventional by today's standards, they were groundbreaking at the time and inspired other scientists to explore new approaches to agriculture.
In summary, Justin Christofleau was a French scientist who successfully grew large vegetables in 1925 by erecting antennas in his garden. His experiments provided valuable insights into the potential benefits of using alternative methods and technologies to improve crop yields and productivity in agriculture.
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The power; P , dissipated when a 5-volt battery is put across a resistance of R ohms is given by 25 P = R What is the rate of change of power with respect to resistance? rate of change Vlohm?
The rate of change of power with respect to resistance is -25/[tex]R^2[/tex] watts per ohm (W/Ω).
The power P dissipated by a 5-volt battery across a resistance of R ohms is given by the formula P = (25/R). To find the rate of change of power with respect to resistance, we need to differentiate the power equation with respect to R. Using the power rule for differentiation, we have:
dP/dR = -(25/[tex]R^2[/tex])
The negative sign indicates that as the resistance increases, the power dissipation decreases, which is consistent with Ohm's law. Therefore, the rate of change of power with respect to resistance is -25/[tex]R^2[/tex] watts per ohm (W/Ω). This means that for every unit increase in resistance, the power dissipation will change at a rate inversely proportional to the square of the resistance.
This relationship demonstrates the diminishing power dissipation as the resistance increases, highlighting the importance of considering resistance in electronic circuits and systems.
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find the distance and time the vehicle has moved relative to the driver of the vehicle. (b) how fast has the vehicl g
To find the distance and time the vehicle has moved relative to the driver, we need to consider the speed of the vehicle and the direction of motion. If the vehicle is moving in a straight line, we can use the formula distance = speed × time to calculate the distance covered.
Similarly, we can use the formula time = distance ÷ speed to calculate the time taken to cover a certain distance.
Regarding the speed of the vehicle, we need more information to answer that part of the question. If we know the distance covered and the time taken, we can use the formula speed = distance ÷ time to calculate the speed of the vehicle.
Alternatively, if we know the speed and the time taken, we can use the formula distance = speed × time to calculate the distance covered.
In summary, to find the distance and time the vehicle has moved relative to the driver, we need more information about the motion of the vehicle. Once we have that information, we can use basic formulas of distance, speed, and time to calculate the desired quantities.
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Define the equation for the wavelength of an electron in a cathode ray tube if you know the potential difference between the electrodes. Assume the mass of electrom is m, the electron charge is e and the potential difference between the electrodes is V. Express your answer in terms of the variables m, e, V, and Planck's constant h.
The equation for the wavelength of an electron in a cathode ray tube if you know the potential difference between the electrodes is given by the de Broglie equation.
wavelength = h / (m * V * e)
where h is Planck's constant, m is the mass of the electron, e is the electron charge, and V is the potential difference between the electrodes.
To define the equation for the wavelength of an electron in a cathode ray tube, given the potential difference between the electrodes (V), electron charge (e), mass of the electron (m), and Planck's constant (h), we will use the de Broglie wavelength formula and the electron's kinetic energy.
Step 1: Write down the de Broglie wavelength formula, which is:
wavelength = h / p
where h is Planck's constant and p is the momentum of the electron.
Step 2: Express momentum (p) in terms of the electron's mass (m) and velocity (v):
p = m * v
Step 3: Write down the equation for the kinetic energy of the electron, which is given by:
K.E. = 0.5 * m * v^2
Step 4: The potential difference (V) is related to the electron's kinetic energy through the equation:
e * V = K.E.
Step 5: Now, we can rearrange this equation to find v^2:
v^2 = 2 * (e * V) / m
Step 6: Substitute the expression for v^2 into the momentum equation:
p = m * sqrt(2 * (e * V) / m)
Step 7: Finally, substitute the expression for p into the de Broglie wavelength formula:
wavelength = h / (m * sqrt(2 * (e * V) / m))
This is the equation for the wavelength of an electron in a cathode ray tube in terms of m, e, V, and Planck's constant h.
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a ball of mass m and another ball of mass 3m are placed inside a smooth metal tube with a massless spring compressed between them. when the spring is released, the heavier ball flies out of one end of the tube with speed v0 with what speed does the lighter ball emerge from the other end?
The speed of the lighter ball (v1) and ball have mass is three times the speed of the heavier ball (v0) when it emerges from the other end of the tube.
When the massless spring is released, it applies an equal and opposite force on the two balls due to Newton's third law. Since the balls are inside a smooth tube, we can assume that there is no friction or external force acting on the system. As a result, the total momentum of the system is conserved.
Let the lighter ball have mass m and speed v1, and the heavier ball have mass 3m and speed v0. Initially, the total momentum of the system is zero, as both balls are at rest. When the spring is released, the momentum of each ball changes, but the total momentum of the system remains conserved. We can write this conservation of momentum equation as:
m * v1 = 3m * v0
Next, we solve the equation for v1, which represents the speed of the lighter ball:
v1 = (3m * v0) / m
Since the mass m appears on both sides of the equation, it cancels out:
v1 = 3 * v0
Thus, the speed of the lighter ball (v1) is three times the speed of the heavier ball (v0) when it emerges from the other end of the tube.
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A stone is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 96 feet per second from the top of a tower 265 feet high. When will it strike the ground?
The stone will strike the ground after approximately 8 seconds.
To solve this problem, we can use the equation of motion for a freely falling object:
h = v₀t - 1/2gt²
Where h is the height of the object at time t, v₀ is the initial velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity (32.2 feet per second squared), and t is the time elapsed.
At the highest point of its trajectory, the stone's velocity will be zero. Therefore, we can use the given initial velocity to find the time it takes for the stone to reach its maximum height:
v₀ = 96 feet per second
h = 265 feet
t₁ = v₀/g = 96/32.2 = 2.98 seconds
After this, the stone will fall back to the ground. We can use the same equation of motion to find the time it takes to reach the ground:
h = 0 (ground level)
v₀ = -96 feet per second (negative because it is in the opposite direction of the initial velocity)
t₂ = sqrt(2h/g) = sqrt(2(265)/32.2) = 4.01 seconds
The total time it takes for the stone to strike the ground is the sum of the time it takes to reach the maximum height and the time it takes to fall back to the ground:
t = t₁ + t₂ = 2.98 + 4.01 = 6.99 seconds
Rounding to the nearest whole number, we get that the stone will strike the ground after approximately 8 seconds.
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Now assume that a strong, uniform magnetic field of size 0.55 T pointing straight down is applied. What is the size of the magnetic force on the wire due to this applied magnetic field? Ignore the effect of the Earth's magnetic field.Express your answer in newtons to two significant figures.
The size of the magnetic force on the wire due to the applied magnetic field is zero newtons.
To calculate the magnetic force on the wire, we need to use the formula F = BIL, where F is the magnetic force, B is the magnetic field strength, I is the current flowing through the wire, and L is the length of the wire in the magnetic field. Since the wire is stationary and not moving, the current flowing through it is zero, which means that the magnetic force on the wire is also zero. Therefore, the size of the magnetic force on the wire due to the applied magnetic field is zero newtons.
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when light hits a boundary at less than the critical angle, it will undergo total internal reflection
When light travels from one medium to another, it changes its direction due to the change in the speed of light. This change in direction is known as refraction. However, if the light hits the boundary at an angle less than the critical angle, it will undergo total internal reflection instead of refraction.
Total internal reflection occurs when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, which is the angle of incidence that produces an angle of refraction of 90 degrees. At angles less than the critical angle, some of the light is refracted and some of it is reflected. However, when the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle, all of the light is reflected back into the original medium.
This phenomenon is used in various applications such as optical fibers, periscopes, and binoculars. Optical fibers are used to transmit light over long distances without losing much of its intensity. They work on the principle of total internal reflection, where light is continuously reflected within the fiber without any loss of intensity.
In conclusion, total internal reflection occurs when light hits a boundary at less than the critical angle, resulting in all of the light being reflected back into the original medium. This phenomenon is utilized in various applications such as optical fibers, periscopes, and binoculars.
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..................plsss helllppp
Answer:
Explanation:
makes life EASIER
causes land and water POLLUTION
in the incline energy lab, partners anna litical and noah formula give a 1.00-kg cart an initial speed of 2.35 m/s from a height of 0.125 m upward on the inclined plane above the lab table. determine the speed of the cart when it is located 0.340 m above the lab table.
To determine the speed of the cart at 0.340 m above the lab table, we need to use the conservation of energy principle.
The initial potential energy of the cart at 0.125 m above the table is converted into kinetic energy as it moves down the inclined plane.
Thus, we can equate the initial potential energy to the final kinetic energy and solve for the final velocity.
Using the formula,[tex]1/2mv^2 = mgh[/tex], where m is the mass of the cart, v is the final velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above the table, we can calculate the final velocity to be 3.20 m/s.
Therefore, the cart will have a speed of 3.20 m/s when it is located 0.340 m above the lab table.
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suppose you have three separate wheels, each with the same total mass and radius. which one has the greatest moment of inertia when rotated about an axis passing through its center? suppose you have three separate wheels, each with the same total mass and radius. which one has the greatest moment of inertia when rotated about an axis passing through its center? the one with the mass spread evenly throughout. the one with the mass concentrated towards the center. the one with the mass distributed around the outer rim.
The moment of inertia of an object is dependent on the object's mass distribution, not on its total mass.
An object with mass distributed near its axis of rotation has a smaller moment of inertia than an object with mass distributed far from its axis of rotation.
In this case, the wheel with the mass distributed around the outer rim would have the greatest moment of inertia when rotated about an axis passing through its center.
The moment of inertia of a wheel can be calculated using the formula I = (1/2)mr², where I is the moment of inertia, m is the mass, and r is the radius of the wheel.
Since all the wheels have the same total mass and radius, their moments of inertia would differ based on the mass distribution.
The wheel with the mass distributed around the outer rim would have a larger moment of inertia because its mass is distributed far from its axis of rotation.
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Which type of organism is the best at fixing nitrogen
Legumes are known as the best nitrogen-fixing plants. Plants are the best at nitrogen maintenance.
A transformer is used to step up or down the voltage in power lines. It uses two coils that are near but not connect to each other. The ratio of turns in the two coils determines the voltage because
A transformer is used to step up or down the voltage in power lines. It uses two coils that are near but not connect to each other. The ratio of turns in the two coils determines the voltage because magnetic field produced in the primary coil interacts with the secondary coil and according to faraday's law magnetic field in the primary produces voltage in the secondary.
Transformer is used to step up or step down the voltage by the relation
N₁/N₂ = V₁/V₂
when there is more number of turn in secondary than primary the voltage gets step and and vice verse.
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When jumping straight down, you can be seriously injured if youland stiff-legged. One way to avoid injury is to bend your kneesupon landing to reduce the force of the impact. A 75 kg man justbefore contact with the ground has a speed of 5.2 m/s.(a) In a stiff-legged landing he comes to a halt in1.5 ms. Find the average net forcethat acts on him during this time.____ N(b) When he bends his knees, he comes to a halt in 0.12 s. Find the average force now._____ N(c) During the landing, the force of the ground on the man pointsupward, while the force due to gravity points downward. The averagenet force acting on the man includes both of these forces. Takinginto account the directions of these forces, find the force of theground on the man in parts (a) and (b).stiff legged landing______ Nbent legged landing_____ N
When the man lands stiff-legged, the time of contact with the ground is very short, only 1.5 milliseconds. Therefore, the force exerted on him is very high.
To calculate the average net force, we can use the formula:
average net force = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
In this case, the final velocity is zero since he comes to a halt, the initial velocity is 5.2 m/s, and the time is 1.5 milliseconds (0.0015 seconds). Therefore,
average net force = (0 - 5.2) / 0.0015 = 3467 N
When the man bends his knees, the time of contact with the ground is longer, 0.12 seconds. Therefore, the force exerted on him is lower. Using the same formula as before, we get:
average net force = (0 - 5.2) / 0.12 = 43.3 N
It's important to note that the force due to gravity is always acting on the man, with a magnitude of 75 kg x 9.8 m/s^2 = 735 N. When he lands stiff-legged, the force of the ground on the man is equal and opposite to his weight plus the average net force calculated above, so:
the force of the ground on the man in a stiff-legged landing = 735 + 3467 = 4202 N
When he bends his knees, the force of the ground on the man is equal and opposite to his weight plus the average net force calculated above, so:
the force of the ground on the man in a bent-legged landing = 735 + 43.3 = 778.3 N
In conclusion, bending the knees upon landing reduces the force exerted on the body, which can prevent serious injury.
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block 1 slides on a frictionless surface with velocity 5.45 m/s and hits block 2 of mass 0.61 kg. block 1 sticks to block 2 during the collision. block 2 is fixed to a spring which was initially at rest length. the spring has spring constant 16.86 n/m and is compressed to 0.46 m. if the collision occurs instantaneously, what is the mass of block 1, in kg? retain your answer to two decimal places.
Apply conservation of momentum and energy to solve for mass.
To solve this problem, we can apply the principles of conservation of momentum and conservation of energy.
Before the collision, the momentum of block 1 is given by the product of its mass (m1) and velocity (v1). Since it sticks to block 2 after the collision, the final velocity of the combined blocks will be the same.
Using the conservation of momentum, we have:
m1 * v1 = (m1 + m2) * [tex]v{_final}[/tex]
After the collision, the potential energy stored in the compressed spring is converted into kinetic energy. The potential energy stored in the spring is given by:
PE = (1/2) * k *[tex]x^2[/tex]
where k is the spring constant and x is the compression distance. We can equate the potential energy to the kinetic energy of the blocks:
(1/2) * k * [tex]x^2[/tex] = (1/2) * (m1 + m2) * [tex]v{_final^2[/tex]
Substituting the given values, we have:
(1/2) * 16.86 * [tex](0.46)^2[/tex] = (1/2) * (m1 + 0.61) * [tex](5.45)^2[/tex]
Solving this equation will give us the value of m1, the mass of block 1. The answer, rounded to two decimal places, is the mass of block 1.
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A basketball player drops a 0.60 kg basketball vertically so that it is traveling 6.0 m/s when it reaches the floor. The ball rebounds upward at a speed of 4.2 m/s. (a) Determine the magnitude and direction of the ball’s change in momentum. (b) Determine the average net force that the floor exerts on the ball if the collision lasts 0.12s.
The magnitude of the change in momentum is therefore 6.12 kg*m/s, and the direction is downward and the floor exerts an average net force of 51 N upward on the ball during the collision.
(a) To find the magnitude and direction of the ball's change in momentum, we need to first find the initial and final momenta of the ball. The initial momentum is given by:
[tex]p_i = m*v_i[/tex]
where m is the mass of the ball, and [tex]v_i[/tex] is the initial velocity of the ball before it hits the floor. Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]p_i[/tex] = (0.60 kg)(6.0 m/s) = 3.6 kg*m/s
The final momentum is given by:
[tex]p_f = m*v_f[/tex]
where [tex]v_f[/tex] is the velocity of the ball after it rebounds from the floor. Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]p_f[/tex]= (0.60 kg)(-4.2 m/s) = -2.52 kg*m/s
Note that the negative sign indicates that the direction of the final momentum is opposite to that of the initial momentum.
The change in momentum is given by:
Δp = [tex]p_f - p_i[/tex]
Substituting the calculated values, we get:
Δp = -2.52 kgm/s - 3.6 kgm/s = -6.12 kg*m/s
The magnitude of the change in momentum is therefore 6.12 kg*m/s, and the direction is downward.
(b) To find the average net force that the floor exerts on the ball, we can use the impulse-momentum theorem:
Δp = [tex]F_avg[/tex] * Δt
where Δt is the time duration of the collision. Substituting the calculated value of Δp and the given value of Δt, we get:
-6.12 kg*m/s = [tex]F_avg[/tex] * 0.12 s
Solving for [tex]F_avg[/tex], we get:
[tex]F_avg[/tex] = -6.12 kg*m/s / 0.12 s = -51 N
Note that the negative sign indicates that the direction of the average net force is opposite to that of the change in momentum, i.e., upward. Therefore, the floor exerts an average net force of 51 N upward on the ball during the collision.
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on the surface of Planet X, a body with a mass of 10 kilograms weighs 40 newtons. the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Planet X is
The magnitude of the acceleration due to the gravity on the surface of planet X is 4 m/s².
From Newton's second law:
The net force is directly proportional to the product of mass and acceleration of the body.
From the given,
mass of the planet X = 10 kg
Weight of the planet X = 40 N
acceleration of the planet (a) =?
W = m×a
a = W / m
= 40 / 10
= 4 m/s²
Hence, the acceleration of planet X is 4 m/s².
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When considering a change in momentum what two variables must you consider?
When considering a change in momentum, two variables that must be considered are the mass and velocity of the object in question.
The momentum of an object is directly proportional to its mass and velocity, so changes in either of these variables can have a significant impact on its overall momentum. It's important to consider both of these variables when analyzing the momentum of an object, as they can provide valuable insights into its behavior and potential impact in a given situation.
When considering a change in momentum, the two variables you must consider are mass and velocity. Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity, so to determine the change in momentum, you need to consider changes in either the mass or the velocity of the object.
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14. 12 The timber box section (a) of Problem 14. 29 is used as a simply supported beam on an 18-ft span length. The beam carries a uniformly distributed load of 500 lb/ft, which includes its own weight. Calculate the maximum induced to bending stress
The maximum induced bending stress in the timber box section (a) of Problem 14.29, when used as a simply supported beam on an 18-ft span length carrying a uniformly distributed load of 500 lb/ft, is approximately 433 psi.
Mmax = (wL²)/8
where w is the uniformly distributed load, L is the span length, and Mmax is the maximum bending moment.
In this case, w = 500 lb/ft and L = 18 ft. Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
Mmax = (500 lb/ft)(18 ft)² / 8 = 22,500 lb-ft
Now, to calculate the maximum bending stress, we use the bending stress formula:
σmax = Mmax * y / I
For the timber box section (a), the moment of inertia can be calculated as:
I = 2[(1/12)(b)(h³) + (1/12)(h)(b³)]
where b is the width of the section and h is the height.
Substituting the values of b = 6 inches and h = 8 inches, we get:
I = 2[(1/12)(6 in)(8 in)³ + (1/12)(8 in)(6 in)³³] = 208 [tex]in^4[/tex]
The distance y from the neutral axis to the outermost fiber can be taken as half the height of the section, i.e., y = 4 inches.
Substituting the values of Mmax, y, and I into the bending stress formula, we get:
σmax = (22,500 lb-ft) * (4 in) / 208 [tex]in^4[/tex] = 432.7 psi
Bending stress is a type of mechanical stress that occurs in a beam or any other structural element when it is subjected to a load or force that causes it to bend. This stress arises as a result of the internal forces that develop in the material due to the applied load, which causes the beam to deform or bend.
When a beam is subjected to a bending load, the top surface is compressed, and the bottom surface is stretched. The stress at any point on the cross-section of the beam varies linearly from zero at the neutral axis to a maximum value at the extreme fiber.The maximum bending stress that a beam can withstand before it fails is known as the yield strength of the material. The bending stress can be calculated using the formula M*y/I, where M is the bending moment, y is the distance from the neutral axis to the extreme fiber, and I is the second moment of area of the cross-section of the beam.
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