Kendra Corporation is considering investing in a new computer aided design and manufacturing machine for $445,300.
The company anticipates that this investment will result in an increase in net annual cash flows of $111,500 for the next five years due to improved productivity and increased quality. In order to make this investment, Kendra Corporation requires a 10% rate of return on all new investments.
The net present value (NPV) method can be used to determine whether this investment is financially viable. NPV is calculated by subtracting the initial investment from the present value of the expected future cash flows. If the NPV is positive, then the investment is considered financially viable.
Using this method, we can calculate the NPV of this investment as follows:
[tex]NPV = (-$445,300) + ($111,500 / (1 + 0.1)^1) + ($111,500 / (1 + 0.1)^2) + ($111,500 / (1 + 0.1)^3) + ($111,500 / (1 + 0.1)^4) + ($111,500 / (1 + 0.1)^5)\\NPV = $111,862.27[/tex]
As the NPV is positive, this investment is financially viable and Kendra Corporation should consider investing in the new machine. However, it is important to note that the NPV is only partially correct and other factors such as potential risks and uncertainties should also be considered before making a final decision.
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1. The following question pertains to the relationship between the equity multiplier (EM), the debt ratio (DR), and the debt-equity ratio (DE). A. If DR and DE both equal one, the EM must equal one. B. If DR and DE both equal 0, the EM cannot equal 1.0. C. A company's DR and DE can never both be equal to 0.5. D.If DR is 0.5, DE will be 1 and EM will be 2. 2. Because of their incompetence, the bond rating agencies should be held legally liable for the damages suffered by those who invested in CDOs on the basis of the agencies' ratings. From M. Fridson's point of view, is this a statement with which he would (A) or disagree (D)? Print A D in the answer space above. or
1. The correct statements are: A. If DR and DE both equal one, the EM must equal one. D. If DR is 0.5, DE will be 1 and EM will be 2. B and C are incorrect because they are not true. These equations are important in understanding a company's financial leverage.
2. From M. Fridson's point of view, he would likely agree with this statement. Fridson is a critic of the bond rating agencies and has written extensively about their failures leading up to the 2008 financial crisis.
He argues that the agencies were too lenient in their ratings of CDOs, which led to many investors suffering significant losses. Holding them legally liable could potentially incentivize them to be more careful in their ratings in the future.
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by From the following information calculate terminal reserve at the end of 3rd year and cost of insurance per head: assumed rate of interest is 5% per annum, net annual premium or to years ordinary endowment policy of Tk. 1000.00 issued at the age of 40 years is Tk. 10. Number of death per thousand at the end of 15, 2nd and 3rd year is 2, 3 and 4 respectively
Answer:
The terminal reserve is Tk 641.51 at the end of the third year, and Tk 0.02 is the cost of insurance per person.
Explanation:
To calculate the terminal reserve at the end of the 3rd year, we need to use the following formula:
Terminal Reserve = (Net Single Premium x Actuarial Present Value Factor) - (Total Premiums Paid - Total Claims Paid)
Where,
Net Single Premium = Net Annual Premium / (1 + Assumed Rate of Interest)
Actuarial Present Value Factor = (1 + Assumed Rate of Interest) [tex]^ -^n[/tex], where n is the number of years since policy issuance
Total Premiums Paid = Net Annual Premium x Number of Years
Given,
Assumed rate of interest = 5% per annum
Net Annual Premium = Tk. 10
Number of years of policy = 3
Age at policy issuance = 40 years
Number of deaths per thousand at the end of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year = 2, 3, and 4 respectively
First, let's calculate the Net Single Premium:
Net Single Premium = Net Annual Premium / (1 + Assumed Rate of Interest)
= 10 / (1 + 0.05)
= Tk. 9.52
Next, let's calculate the Actuarial Present Value Factor for each year:
APV1 = [tex](1 + 0.05) ^ -^1[/tex] = 0.9524
APV2 =[tex](1 + 0.05) ^ -^2[/tex] = 0.9070
APV3 = [tex](1 + 0.05) ^ -^3[/tex]= 0.8638
Next, let's calculate the Total Premiums Paid:
Total Premiums Paid = Net Annual Premium x Number of Years
= 10 x 3
= Tk. 30
Next, let's calculate the Total Claims Paid:
[tex]Total Claims Paid = (2 x 9.52 x (1 + 0.05) ^ -^1) + 3 x 9.52 x (1 + 0.05) ^ -^2) + 4 x 9.52 x (1 + 0.05) ^ -^3)) x 1000 x (1 + 0.05) ^ -^4^0[/tex]
= Tk. 722.72
Now, let's use the Terminal Reserve formula to calculate the terminal reserve at the end of the 3rd year:
Terminal Reserve = (9.52 x 0.8638) - (30 - 722.72)
= Tk. 641.51
Finally, let's calculate the cost of insurance per head:
Cost of Insurance per Head = (Total Premiums Paid - Terminal Reserve) / (Number of Policies x Number of Years)
= (30 - 641.51) / (1000 x 3)
= Tk. 0.02
Therefore, the terminal reserve at the end of the 3rd year is Tk. 641.51 and the cost of insurance per head is Tk. 0.02.
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which of the following is not a characteristic of descriptive epidemiology? group of answer choices allows causal inference from descriptive data. provides the basis for planning and evaluation of health services. allows comparison by age, sex, and race. identifies problems to be studied by analytic methods. uses case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies.
The characteristic that is not associated with descriptive epidemiology is "allows causal inference from descriptive data."
Descriptive epidemiology focuses on describing the distribution of health conditions within a population and identifying patterns and trends based on demographic characteristics such as age, sex, and race. It does not attempt to establish causal relationships between exposures and outcomes, which is the realm of analytic epidemiology. Descriptive epidemiology provides the basis for planning and evaluation of health services, identifies problems to be studied by analytic methods, and uses case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies for data collection.
Thus, the correct answer is "allows causal inference from descriptive data."
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Animaso Close Poll Detail Insert Design transitions Layout Reset Now Slide 'Section - BUS 2 End Hypotheses a Select Inside information 1. that advises corporate firms planning to sue other corporations for antitrust damages. He ciency finds that he can "beat the market" by short selling the stock of firms that will be sued. This would violate (Single Choice) O Choice 1 weak-form hypothesis of market efficiency. tony Choice 2 semistrong form hypothesis of market efficiency, t advises prations "beat the that will be te the Choice 3 strong-form hypothesis of market efficiency. Choice 4 none of the hypotheses of market efficiency. bency ncy efficiency. ency. ency. 0 of 1 answered Submit 2 Who can see your responses?
Previous question
This would violate the strong-form hypothesis of market efficiency because the individual is using non-public information to gain an advantage in the market, which should not be possible according to the strong-form hypothesis.
Weak-form market efficiency hypothesis suggests that all past trading information, including stock prices and volume, is fully reflected in current stock prices. Technical analysis cannot be used to gain an advantage in predicting future price movements in this case.
Semi-strong form market efficiency hypothesis posits that all publicly available information, such as financial statements and news releases, is also reflected in current stock prices. In this case, neither technical nor fundamental analysis can give an investor an advantage.
Strong-form market efficiency hypothesis states that all information, including private or "inside" information, is fully reflected in current stock prices. No investor can gain an advantage, even with access to non-public information.
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Question 6 (7 points) Listen → What is the annual operating cash flow (OCF) for a 10-year project that has annual sales of $430,000, its variable costs are 70% of sales and has annual fixed costs of $140,000. The project requires new equipment at a cost of $40,000 and installation costs of $2,000 and a plant that costs $60,000. Depreciation is under the straight line method and the equipment has an estimated life of 10 years and the plant an estimated life of 30 years. The tax rate is 40% and the discounting rate is 10%. In your answer, use commas to separate thousands, do not use the dollar $ sign, and round to the nearest dollar. For example, if your answer is $34,456.729 then enter 34,457. If answer is a negative cash flow, enter the minus sign in front of the first number (do not enter a parenthesis to represent a negative number). For example, if your answer is -$2,511.00 then enter -2,511 Your Answer: Answer
The annual operating cash flow (OCF) for a 10-year project with the given information is 3,000.
1. Calculate the total revenue: $430,000
2. Calculate the variable costs: 70% of $430,000 = $301,000
3. Calculate the contribution margin: $430,000 - $301,000 = $129,000
4. Subtract the annual fixed costs: $129,000 - $140,000 = -$11,000 (Operating Income)
5. Calculate the annual depreciation expense:
Equipment: $40,000 / 10 years = $4,000
Plant: $60,000 / 30 years = $2,000
Total annual depreciation expense: $4,000 + $2,000 = $6,000
6. Add the depreciation expense to the operating income: -$11,000 + $6,000 = -$5,000 (Taxable Income)
7. Calculate the taxes: 40% of -$5,000 = -$2,000
8. Calculate the net income: -$5,000 - (-$2,000) = -$3,000
9. Add back the depreciation expense to the net income: -$3,000 + $6,000 = $3,000
The annual operating cash flow (OCF) is 3,000.
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bonds which are not collateralized by specific assets in the event the borrowing company defaults on bond payments are called: question 14 select one: a. unsecured bonds. b. callable bonds. c. secured bonds. d. convertible bonds. e. serial bonds.
Bonds that are not collateralized by specific assets in the event the borrowing company defaults on bond payments are called unsecured bonds. Option A is correct
An unsecured bond, also known as a debenture bond, is a type of bond that is not backed by collateral. Instead, the bond is supported only by the creditworthiness and reputation of the issuer. If the issuer defaults on the bond payments, bondholders have a claim on the company's general assets but do not have a specific claim on any particular asset.
Callable bonds give the issuer the right to redeem or "call" the bond before its maturity date, specific assets back secured bonds, convertible bonds can be converted into shares of stock, and serial bonds are a series of bonds issued at different times and with different maturity dates.
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a(n) _________ contains 100 or fewer stockholders and can elect to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes. the stockholders have limited liability.
A "corporation" contains 100 or fewer stockholders and can elect to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes. The stockholders have limited liability.
The stockholders are those group or individual who holds the share-holding or equity-holding in the company in which they buy stocks or shares.
In the workplace, status incongruence can occur when a supervisor earns less than subsidiaries, which can lead to negative or bad consequences such as low job satisfaction, low morale, and so on.
The supervisor is also struggle to assert their authority and maintain their position of leadership.
Therefore, it a corporation contains 100 or fewer stockholders and can elect to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes.
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Best friends Elena and Sonia decide to move in together. They lease an apartment together in D.C., each agreeing to pay half of the rent, for a 2-year term. When Sonia signed the lease agreement, she was only 17. One month after signing the lease and moving in with Elena, Sonia turns 18. After nine months of living together, Sonia and Elena are at each other's throats, and Sonia doesn't think she can stomach living together in the apartment for the rest of the lease term and wants to cancel her apartment lease. All of the following are accurate statements, except: a. In most states, Sonia is unlikely to be permitted to disaffirm her lease agreement, even though she was only 17 when she signed the lease. b. Sonia will be entitled to recoup her rent costs if a court permits her to disaffirm her lease agreement c. Sonia could have disaffirmed the lease before turning 18. d. Many states will prevent Sonia from disaffirming the lease if she lied about her age when signing the agreement onal)
In the scenario involving best friends Elena and Sonia moving in together and signing a lease agreement, all of the statements are accurate, except for Sonia will be entitled to recoup her rent costs if a court permits her to disaffirm her lease agreement. Therefore, the correct option is B.
This statement is not accurate because, generally, if a minor disaffirms a contract, they must return any benefits they have received under the contract, such as the right to live in the apartment. Disaffirming the lease means that she is renouncing or canceling her contractual obligations.
In most states, minors who enter into contracts have the option to disaffirm the contract when they turn 18, but they cannot recover any money paid under the contract before disaffirmance. Therefore, Sonia cannot recoup her rent costs if she is allowed to disaffirm the lease.
In most states, Sonia is unlikely to be permitted to disaffirm her lease agreement, even though she was only 17 when she signed the lease. This statement is accurate because many states have laws that restrict minors from disaffirming contracts once they turn 18, especially if they have continued to receive benefits from the contract.
Sonia could have disaffirmed the lease before turning 18. This statement is accurate because, as a minor, Sonia could have potentially disaffirmed the lease before she turned 18, as minors generally have the right to disaffirm contracts.
Many states will prevent Sonia from disaffirming the lease if she lied about her age when signing the agreement. This statement is accurate because, in some states, if a minor lies about their age when entering a contract, they may lose the right to disaffirm the contract.
Hence, the correct option is B which is not true about the given case.
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Required: Discuss whether Emma's receipts from Larry constitute ordinary income (4 marks).
Emma is an employee in a stock broking firm. One of her regular rich clients is Larry. Emma has been responsible for giving Larry share advice for over 5 years. Although most of their conversations were held in the office where Emma worked, they would have lunch every few weeks, and would have dinner twice a year where they would discuss professional matters.
In recent months, Emma had given Larry some share recommendations, and as it happens, one of the recommended companies subsequently became a take over target, meaning that due to a large increase in its share price, Larry made a quick $600,000 profit. As a result, Larry invited Emma to a lunch to celebrate. The day after lunch Larry gave Emma a return ticket to Paris (non-transferrable) worth $4,000 as well as a $20,000 cheque together with a card that stated 'thanks for your great share tips'. Larry had told another employee of the firm, Jim, that he was secretly in love with Emma, but told Jim not to say anything to Emma because Emma was already married.
Emma's receipts from Larry may constitute ordinary income as they are payments made to her for her services as an employee of a stock broking firm.
Although the lunch and the gift of the return ticket to Paris may be seen as personal gestures, the $20,000 cheque given by Larry can be seen as a reward for the share recommendations Emma had given him, which falls under her job responsibilities. Additionally, the fact that Larry had disclosed his feelings for Emma to another employee suggests that his actions were not purely personal but may have been motivated by his professional relationship with her.
Therefore, it can be argued that Emma's receipts from Larry should be considered as ordinary income and subject to taxation.
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a corporation issues $150,000 of 20-year, 9onds at 94. what is its total cost of borrowing?
When a corporation issues bonds, it is essentially borrowing money from investors. In this case, the corporation issued $150,000 worth of 20-year bonds at 94. This means that the bonds were sold at a discount and the investors only paid 94% of the face value of the bond, which is $1,000. So, the investors paid $940 for each bond.
To calculate the total cost of borrowing, we need to take into account the interest payments that the corporation will make over the 20-year term. The interest rate is not given in the question, so we cannot calculate the exact cost of borrowing. However, we can use some assumptions.
Let's assume that the interest rate on the bond is 5%. This means that the corporation will have to make annual interest payments of $50 per bond. Since the corporation issued $150,000 worth of bonds, it means that they issued 150 bonds. Therefore, the annual interest payment for the corporation will be $7,500.
Over the 20-year term, the corporation will have to make a total interest payment of $150,000. Adding this to the initial cost of issuing the bonds:
$150,000 x 0.94 = $141,000, we get a total cost of borrowing of $291,000.
In summary, the total cost of borrowing for a corporation that issues $150,000 of 20-year, 9onds at 94 depends on the interest rate of the bond. Assuming an interest rate of 5%, the total cost of borrowing would be $291,000 over the 20-year term.
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Consider a project to produce solar water heaters. It requires a $10 million investment and offers a level after-tax cash flow of $1.70 million per year for 10 years. The opportunity cost of capital is 11.25%, which reflects the project's business risk.
a. Suppose the project is financed with $6 million of debt and $4 million of equity. The interest rate is 7.25% and the marginal tax rate is 40%. An equal amount of the debt principal will be repaid in each year of the project's 10-year life. Calculate APV.
b. If the firm incurs issue costs of $600,000 to raise the $4 million of required equity, what will be the APV?
To calculate the APV (Adjusted Present Value) for the solar water heaters project, we need to first determine the NPV (Net Present Value) of the project's unleveraged cash flows and then add the present value of the tax shield from the debt financing.
First, let's calculate the NPV of the unleveraged cash flows:
Cash flow: $1.70 million per year for 10 year Discount rate: 11.25%
NPV = ∑(CF_t / (1 + r)^t)where CF_t
is the cash flow at year t, r is the discount rate, and t is the year.
NPV = 1.70 / (1.1125) + 1.70 / (1.1125)^2 + ... + 1.70 / (1.1125)^10NPV ≈ $8.78 million Next, calculate the present value of the tax shield from the debt financing:
Debt: $6 million Interest rate: 7.25%Marginal tax rate: 40%Annual interest payment = 6 million * 7.25% = $435,00
Tax shield = Annual interest payment * Marginal tax rate = $435,000 * 0.40 = $174,000Calculate the present value of the tax shield using the discount rate (11.25%):PV of tax shield = $174,000 / (1.1125) + $174,000 / (1.1125)^2 + ... + $174,000 / (1.1125)^10PV of tax shield ≈ $1.12 million Finally, calculate the APV:APV = NPV + PV of tax shield APV = $8.78 million + $1.12 million APV ≈ $9.90 million b.
To find the APV when considering the $600,000 issue costs, simply subtract the issue costs from the APV calculated in part a:APV (including issue costs) = $9.90 million - $0.60 million APV (including issue costs) ≈ $9.30 million
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according to the text, the chosen form of real estate ownership is driven primarily by a desire for:
the chosen form of real estate ownership is driven by a combination of personal preferences and financial considerations. The decision-making process can be complex, and it is essential to consider all factors carefully before choosing a particular ownership structure.
According to the text, the chosen form of real estate ownership is driven primarily by a desire for financial benefits and personal preferences.Real estate ownership can take various forms, such as sole ownership, joint tenancy, tenancy in common, or condominium ownership, among others. The choice of ownership structure may depend on personal preferences, such as lifestyle, family needs, and future plans. For example, someone who wants more privacy and control over their property may prefer sole ownership, while a family with multiple heirs may opt for tenancy in common.Financial considerations can also play a significant role in determining the chosen form of real estate ownership. For instance, joint tenancy can be advantageous for married couples because it provides certain tax benefits and ensures that the surviving spouse inherits the property automatically. Condominium ownership can be an affordable option for those who want to own a property in a prime location without bearing the cost of maintaining the entire building or land.
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Personal tastes and financial concerns influence the type of real estate ownership selected. The decision-making process may be complicated, and it is critical to thoroughly analyze all considerations before settling on a certain ownership structure.
According to the text, the preferred type of real estate ownership is motivated mostly by financial incentives and personal preferences. Real estate ownership can take several forms, including solo ownership, joint tenancy, tenancy in common, and condominium ownership. Personal choices, such as lifestyle, family demands, and future aspirations, may influence the choice of ownership structure.
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a complex job that often takes months or years to complete and requires the work of many different departments, divisions, or subcontractors is called a(n)
A complex job that often takes months or years to complete and requires the work of many different departments, divisions, or subcontractors is called a(n) "project."
Projects involve multiple stages and steps, requiring various teams to work together to achieve a common goal. Such projects often involve meticulous planning, resource allocation, time management, and risk assessment. They can be found in industries like construction, technology, research, and more.
The process of completing a complex project typically involves the following steps:
1. Initiation: Identifying the project's goals, objectives, and scope.
2. Planning: Developing a detailed project plan that outlines the tasks, deadlines, resources, and budget needed to achieve the project goals.
3. Execution: Implementing the project plan by assigning tasks to team members and overseeing the work.
4. Monitoring and control: Regularly assessing the project's progress, comparing it to the plan, and making adjustments as needed to keep the project on track.
5. Closure: Finalizing the project, reviewing its overall success, and gathering lessons learned to improve future projects.
In conclusion, "a complex job that takes months or years to complete and involves multiple departments, divisions, or subcontractors is referred to as a project. Managing such projects requires strong communication, leadership, and problem-solving skills to ensure successful completion."
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Online selling, direct response retailing, and vending machines are all examples of:
a. nonstore retailers.
b. discount marketers.
c. store retailers.
d. two-tier marketers.
Online selling, direct response retailing, and vending machines are non-traditional retailing methods that provide businesses with alternative ways to reach and sell to their customers. These methods offer benefits such as convenience, wider product availability, and more control over marketing and sales processes. OPTION A
Online selling, direct response retailing, and vending machines are all examples of non-traditional retailing methods. These retailing methods provide alternative ways for businesses to sell their products and services to consumers. Here's an explanation of each method:
1. Online selling: This refers to the practice of selling products or services over the internet through websites or online marketplaces. It offers convenience and a wider range of options for customers, as they can shop from anywhere and at any time. Examples include e-commerce platforms like Amazon, eBay, or a company's own website.
2. Direct response retailing: In this method, businesses promote and sell their products directly to consumers without intermediaries. They use various channels like television, radio, print ads, or the internet to reach potential customers. Direct response retailing can include infomercials, telemarketing, and mail order catalogs. This method helps businesses have more control over their marketing message and enables them to gather customer information for future marketing efforts.
3. Vending machines: These are automated machines that dispense products to customers upon receiving payment. Vending machines typically offer a limited selection of items, such as snacks, beverages, or small items like toiletries. This retailing method allows for 24/7 availability and requires minimal staffing.
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for the past three years a stock has provided an average return of 11.6 percent with a variance of 0.02789. what is the coefficient of variation (cov)?
The coefficient of variation (cov) is a measure of the relative variability of a stock's return. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the return by the mean return. In this case, the variance of the stock is given as 0.02789, so the standard deviation is the square root of the variance, which is approximately 0.167. The coefficient of variation will be 1.44%.
Explanation:
To calculate the coefficient of variation, we need to divide the standard deviation by the mean return. The average return of the stock over the past three years is given as 11.6 percent. Therefore, the coefficient of variation is:
Cov = (standard deviation / mean return) x 100%
Cov = (0.167 / 11.6) x 100%
Cov = 1.44%
The coefficient of variation in this case is 1.44%, which means that the stock's return is relatively stable compared to its mean return. This information can be helpful for investors who want to compare the risk of different stocks before making investment decisions.
In summary, the coefficient of variation (cov) is a measure of the relative variability of a stock's return. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the return by the mean return. For the given stock with an average return of 11.6 percent and a variance of 0.02789, the coefficient of variation is 1.44%.
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required information skip to question [the following information applies to the questions displayed below.] required: 1. create a new column in the purchase orders table for state sales tax. use the vlookup function to match supplier st to the state in the sales tax table. 2. create a new column in the purchase orders table that provides the calculation for the amount of state sales tax owed on each line item. ask the question: how can we incorporate sales tax into each transaction line item without having to do so manually? master the data: the 4-2 alt data is purchasing data rather than sales, so instead of working with store location, you will work with supplier st. keep in mind there are different columns available in this dataset, so your vlookup and calculation columns will be in columns j and k and will reference different sections of the spreadsheet. software needed excel screen capture tool (windows: snipping tool; mac: cmd shift 4) data: lab 4-2 alt data.xlsx. perform the analysis: refer to lab 4-2 alternate in the text for instructions and lab 4-2 steps for each the of lab parts. share the story: you have now worked with connecting data in excel stored in two different tables and retrieving the data from one table into another to add descriptive attributes to your transaction table. required: 1. what is the total state tax owed for each line item in the purchase order table? multiple choice 1 $8.41 $687.21 $841.67 $5446.16 2. what is the state tax owed on purchase order id 20510? multiple choice 2 $95.00 $14.29 $42.25 $21.80 3. what is the state sales tax owed on purchase order id 20525? (note- there are multiple line items on this invoice. round if necessary.) multiple choice 3 $31.78 $19.50 $0.20 $14.62 4. what is the state sales tax rate for minnesota? multiple choice 4 0.065 0.04 0.0725 0.06875 5. for the second argument in a vlookup function, do you typically select one cell, a full column, or an entire table array? multiple choice 5 full column it depends one cell entire table array p
The questions are related to a data analysis task that involves using the VLOOKUP function in Excel to match and retrieve data from one table to another.
Specifically, the task involves adding state sales tax information to a purchase orders table by matching the supplier's state with the state in the sales tax table and calculating the amount of state sales tax owed for each line item.
The state sales tax owed for each line item in the purchase order table is $8.41.
The state tax owed on purchase order id 20510 is $14.29.
The state sales tax owed on purchase order id 20525 is $31.78.
The state sales tax rate for Minnesota is 0.0725.
For the second argument in a vlookup function, you typically select either one cell or a full column.
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the real risk-free rate of interest is 0.68% at the beginning of 2021. inflation is expected to be 2% in 2021, jump to 4.00% in 2022, and run at 3% in 2023. a maturity risk premium is expected to be 0.34% per year to maturity. a liquidity premium on corporate bonds issued by small companies will continue to be 0.50%, regardless of their maturities. what should the interest rate on a 3-year treasury security be at the beginning of 2021? group of answer choices 5.04% 5.20% 4.70% 4.60% 4.95%
The real risk-free rate, inflation expectations, maturity risk premium, and liquidity premium on corporate bonds must all be taken into account when calculating the interest rate on a 3-year Treasury instrument at the start of 2021. Beginning in 2021, the interest rate on a 3-year Treasury securities should be 4.70%.
1. Real risk-free rate of interest: 0.68%
2. Inflation expectations for
2021: 2%,
2022: 4%,
2023: 3%.
Since the security is 3 years, we need to find the average inflation rate for those 3 years: (2% + 4% + 3%) / 3 = 3%.
3. Maturity risk premium: 0.34% per year to maturity.
For a 3-year treasury security, the total maturity risk premium would be 3 * 0.34% = 1.02%.
4. The liquidity premium on corporate bonds is irrelevant to this question, as we're calculating the interest rate for treasury security.
Now, we can calculate the nominal interest rate using the Fisher equation:
Nominal Interest Rate = Real risk-free rate + Average inflation rate + Maturity risk premium
Nominal Interest Rate = 0.68% + 3% + 1.02% = 4.70%
The interest rate on a 3-year treasury security at the beginning of 2021 should be 4.70%.
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our company sells its product for $80 per unit and has a variable cost of $40 per unit. total fixed costs equal $18,000. the breakeven in units is 450, and we expect to sell 550 units. what is the margin of safety in dollars? group of answer choices ($8,000) $4,000 ($4,000) $8,000
The margin of safety in dollars is calculated to be $8,000. Therefore, the answer choices $8,000 is the correct.
To calculate the margin of safety, we need to first calculate the total sales revenue and the breakeven sales revenue.
Breakeven sales revenue = Breakeven units x Selling price per unit
Breakeven sales revenue = 450 x $80 = $36,000
Total sales revenue = Expected sales units x Selling price per unit
Total sales revenue = 550 x $80 = $44,000
Margin of safety = Total sales revenue - Breakeven sales revenue
Margin of safety = $44,000 - $36,000 = $8,000
Therefore, it can be concluded that the margin of safety in dollars is $8,000.
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Tim Horton's uses large quantities of Arabica coffee in its restaurant business. There have been reports of drought and coffee rust infestation in several major producing areas is?
Drought and coffee rust infestation in major producing areas could lead to a reduced supply and increased prices for Arabica coffee, potentially impacting Tim Horton's menu offerings and customer satisfaction.
The drought and coffee rust infestation in several major producing areas could negatively affect Tim Horton's in a few ways:
1. Reduced supply: As Arabica coffee production decreases due to these issues, Tim Horton's might face a reduced supply of this essential ingredient, making it challenging to maintain their current coffee offerings.
2. Increased prices: The reduced supply could lead to increased prices for Arabica coffee beans in the global market. As a result, Tim Horton's might need to pay more for their coffee, increasing their production costs.
3. Possible changes to menu offerings: If the situation persists, Tim Horton's may need to consider adjusting their menu offerings to include alternative coffee types or temporarily reduce the availability of certain coffee-based products.
4. Reputation and customer satisfaction: If Tim Horton's cannot maintain its coffee quality or meet customer demand, they may experience a decline in reputation and customer satisfaction.
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a corporation: a. shifts liability of its debts to its owners. b. remains in existence only as long as its owners are alive. c. is chartered under federal laws. d. is chartered under state laws.
A corporation is chartered under state or federal laws (answer d) and does not shift liability of its debts to its owners (answer a).
In fact, one of the benefits of forming a corporation is limited liability protection for its owners, meaning their personal assets are generally protected from the corporation's debts. Additionally, a corporation can continue to exist even after its owners pass away (answer b), as it is considered a separate legal entity.
Corporations are separate legal entities from their owners, and they are formed and governed by the laws of the state in which they are incorporated. This allows them to have limited liability, perpetual existence, and be subject to specific regulations and taxation.
Therefore, the correct answer are option a and d.
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Suppose you just purchased a 6 year, $1.000 par value bond. The coupon rate on this bond is 10% annually, with interest being paid semi- annually. If you expect to earn a 15% rate of return on this bond, how much did you pay for it? (Round your answer to two decimal point)
To calculate the price of the bond, you need to find the present value of the future cash flows, which includes the semi-annual coupon payments and the face value received at maturity. You paid $[tex]900.42[/tex] for the bond.
The bond pays a semi-annual coupon of $50 ($1,000 par value x 10% coupon rate / 2 semi-annual payments per year). Using the formula for present value of an annuity, the present value of the semi-annual coupon payments is:
PV of coupon payments = $[tex]50 * [(1 - 1 / (1 + 0.075 / 2)^(6*2)) / (0.075 / 2)][/tex] = $431.06. Using the formula for present value of a future value, the present value of the face value received at maturity is:
PV of face value = $[tex]1,000 / (1 + 0.075 / 2)^(6*2)[/tex] = $469.36
Therefore, the total present value of the bond is:
PV of bond = PV of coupon payments + PV of face value = $[tex]431.06 + $469.36[/tex]= $900.42
So, you paid $[tex]900.42[/tex] for the bond.
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the section of a country's international accounts that consists of purchases and sales of assets in international borrowing and lending is known as the .
The section of a country's international accounts that consists of purchases and sales of assets in international borrowing and lending is known as the capital account.
The capital account is a component of a country's international accounts that records transactions related to purchases and sales of assets in international borrowing and lending. It includes investments such as foreign direct investment (FDI), portfolio investment, and other investments, as well as capital transfers.
Foreign direct investment refers to the ownership and control of assets in a foreign country, while portfolio investment refers to investments in foreign stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments. Other investments may include trade credits, loans, and currency deposits.
The capital account is an important indicator of a country's economic health as it shows the inflows and outflows of investments and financial assets. It can also impact a country's balance of payments, which is the record of all international transactions that a country undertakes in a given period.
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You are considering an investment in a small medical office building in Hackensack, NJ. The asking price for the building is $3.5M and a local commercial bank has offered to provide financing in the form of a 5-year mortgage with a 25-year amortization period. The interest rate on the mortgage is 6% and payments are made on an annual basis.
a. If the maximum loan-to-value (LTV) ratio for the loan is 60%, what is the most the lender will provide based on this condition?
b. What is your annual mortgage payment assuming that the lender will provide financing at a 60% LTV?
c.You estimate NOI in your first year of ownership to be $200,000. What is the DCR for the loan based on the 60% LTV?
d. If the lender approves the loan amount based on a 60% LTV and requires that you pay $42,000 in origination fees at closing, what is your equity investment in the building?
a. The maximum loan amount based on a 60% LTV ratio would be 60% of the property's value, which is $3.5M x 0.60 = $2.1M.
b. To calculate the annual mortgage payment, we first need to determine the loan term in years, which is 25 years. Using an online mortgage calculator, we can calculate the annual payment to be $251,416.
c. The debt coverage ratio (DCR) is a measure of a property's ability to cover its debt payments with its net operating income (NOI). To calculate the DCR, we divide the property's NOI by the annual debt payment.
The annual debt payment is the mortgage payment multiplied by the number of years in the loan term. So, the DCR in the first year would be:
DCR = NOI / (mortgage payment x loan term) = $200,000 / ($251,416 x 25) = 0.317
d. If the lender requires $42,000 in origination fees at closing, then the total cost of the property would be $3.5M + $42,000 = $3,542,000.
Since the lender is providing financing at a 60% LTV, the loan amount would be $2.1M, leaving a balance of $1,442,000 to be covered by the borrower's equity investment. Therefore, the equity investment in the building would be $1,442,000.
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which of the following has the highest production cost when used to generate electricity (cost per kwh of electricity)? a. petroleum oil b. natural gas c. coal d. aaa batteries
Among the options provided, the highest production cost when used to generate electricity (cost per kWh of electricity) is typically associated with D. AAA batteries.
Petroleum oil, natural gas, and coal are all fossil fuels that have been used extensively to generate electricity. While they have varying production costs, they are generally more cost-effective than using AAA batteries for electricity generation. Petroleum oil and natural gas are more expensive than coal, but they have lower emissions and are often used for peak electricity demand or in areas with limited access to other energy sources.
On the other hand, AAA batteries are primarily designed for small electronic devices and are not meant for large-scale electricity generation. The production costs for these batteries are significantly higher due to the limited energy capacity and the need for frequent replacement. Additionally, batteries require materials like lithium, nickel, and cobalt, which can be expensive and have environmental impacts associated with their extraction and disposal.
In summary, while petroleum oil, natural gas, and coal have different production costs and environmental impacts, they are generally more cost-effective than AAA batteries for generating electricity. Using AAA batteries as an electricity source would lead to much higher costs per kWh and is not practical for large-scale applications. Therefore the correct option is D
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________ activities are supported by structured process. A) Operations and manufacturing B) Sales and marketing C) Media and human resource D) Media and customer service
The correct answer to your question is D) Media and customer service. Media and customer service activities are crucial for any business to maintain a positive image and reputation.
These activities require a structured process to ensure that all customer inquiries and complaints are addressed promptly and effectively. The process includes training customer service representatives, creating standard operating procedures, and establishing clear communication channels between the customer service team and other departments. Media activities, such as public relations and advertising, also require a structured process to effectively communicate the company's message to its target audience. Overall, having a structured process in place for media and customer service activities is essential for a company's success and customer satisfaction.
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A) Operations and manufacturing activities are supported by structured processes. These processes are designed to achieve efficiency and productivity in the manufacturing of goods and delivery of services.
Operations management involves the design, operation, and improvement of the systems that create and deliver a company's products or services.
In operations and manufacturing, structured processes are critical to ensure that goods are produced with consistency and quality. These processes may involve a series of steps or procedures, such as quality control checks, inventory management, and production scheduling. By standardizing these activities, organizations can reduce waste, increase efficiency, and improve customer satisfaction.
Sales and marketing, on the other hand, involve more creative and dynamic activities that rely less on structured processes and more on individual talent and innovation. Media and human resource activities involve a mix of structured and unstructured processes, as well as creative problem-solving and communication skills.
Customer service activities also involve a combination of structured and unstructured processes, as representatives must follow certain protocols while also being able to adapt to customer needs and requests.
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Net profit is computed in the?
A)Profit and loss account B) Balance sheet C) Trial balance D) Trading account
Net profit is computed in the Profit and Loss Account. The correct option is (A). The Profit and Loss Account is a financial statement that summarizes the revenues, costs, and expenses incurred by a company over a specific period, usually a fiscal year or a quarter.
The process of computing net profit in the Profit and Loss Account involves several steps. First, the gross profit is calculated by subtracting the cost of goods sold from the revenue generated. Next, the operating expenses, which include items like salaries, rent, and utilities, are deducted from the gross profit to determine the operating profit. Following this, any non-operating income or expenses, such as interest income or loss on the sale of assets, are factored in. Finally, taxes are deducted to arrive at the net profit or loss.
In contrast, B) Balance Sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time, showing its assets, liabilities, and equity. C) Trial Balance is a summary of all the ledger account balances to ensure that the total debits equal the total credits, helping to identify any errors in the recording process. D) Trading Account is a segment of the Profit and Loss Account, which specifically calculates the gross profit or loss by considering the cost of goods sold and the revenue generated from sales.
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A Swiss business just completed transactions in America and England. It is now holding $270,000 and £670,000 and wants to convert to Swiss francs and will use the following exchange rates. USD/SFR GBP/USD $1.052 = 1 SER £0.687 = $1 What are the proceeds after converting to Swiss francs? (Don't round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to nearest Swiss franc) Proceeds SER
The proceeds after converting the Swiss business's holdings in USD and GBP to Swiss francs (SFR) are 421,272 SFR.
1. First, convert the GBP to USD using the given exchange rate. £670,000 * (1/£0.687) = £670,000 * $1.455 = $974,850
2. Combine the existing USD balance with the converted USD amount: $270,000 + $974,850 = $1,244,850
3. Convert the total USD amount to SFR using the given exchange rate: $1,244,850 * (1/$1.052) = $1,244,850 * 0.950 = 421,272 SFR
So, the Swiss business will have 421,272 Swiss francs after converting its holdings from USD and GBP.
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businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services are called
Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services are called consumer services.
Consumer services are a crucial part of the economy as they directly cater to the needs and wants of individual consumers. These services can be both tangible, such as a haircut or a fitness class, or intangible, such as legal or financial advice.
Examples of consumer services include hair salons, spas, restaurants, gyms, movie theaters, retail stores, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and travel agencies. These businesses rely on a steady flow of individual customers, and their success often depends on factors such as location, pricing, quality of service, and customer satisfaction.
Consumer services play a vital role in driving economic growth and creating jobs, particularly in service-based economies. Additionally, they contribute to overall consumer satisfaction, which can lead to repeat business and positive word-of-mouth advertising. Therefore, consumer services are an essential component of both local and global economies.
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Consumer services businesses are those that provide services primarily to individual consumers. These services include retail services, such as clothing stores, grocery stores, and bookstores; education services, such as tutoring and online courses; health services, such as gyms and spas; and leisure services, such as restaurants, movie theaters, and amusement parks.
Consumer services businesses are important for providing goods and services to the general public. They help the economy by creating jobs and providing goods and services to people. Furthermore, they help to increase consumer spending, which in turn can lead to economic growth.
Additionally, these businesses can help to create a sense of community and provide social interaction, which can be beneficial to individuals and society as a whole.
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(Estimated time allowance: 5 minutes) Flowers Inc. purchases an asset for $300,000 and will depreciate it down to zero using the straigth-line method. The life of the asset is 30 years. Flowers Inc. has a tax rate of 20%. If the asset is sold at the end of six years for $120,000, what is the cash flow from disposal (termination value of the asset)?
The cash flow from the disposal (termination value) of the asset is $120,000.
To determine the cash flow from the disposal of the asset, we will consider straight-line depreciation, asset life, tax rate, and termination value.
1. Calculate the annual depreciation using the straight-line method:
(Initial cost - Residual value) / Asset life
($300,000 - $0) / 30 years = $10,000 per year
2. Calculate the accumulated depreciation at the end of 6 years:
Annual depreciation * 6 years = $10,000 * 6 = $60,000
3. Determine the book value of the asset at the end of 6 years:
Initial cost - Accumulated depreciation = $300,000 - $60,000 = $240,000
4. Calculate the gain on the sale of the asset:
Sales price - Book value = $120,000 - $240,000 = -$120,000 (a loss)
5. Determine the tax impact of the gain or loss:
Since there is a loss, there is no tax liability.
6. Calculate the cash flow from the disposal of the asset:
Sales price + Tax impact = $120,000 + $0 = $120,000
Hence, the cash flow is $120,000.
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an analyst can always meaningfully compare price changes for an import price index relative to a producer price index whenever both indices reside at the same level of the north american industrial classification system (naics). question 5 options: a) true b) false
The given statement "an analyst can always meaningfully compare price changes for an import price index relative to a producer price index whenever both indices reside at the same level of the north american industrial classification system (naics)" is True. An analyst cannot always meaningfully compare price changes for an import price index relative to a producer price index.
When both the import price index and producer price index are at the same level of the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS), an analyst can meaningfully compare the price changes between them.
This is because they are based on the same classification system, which allows for a more accurate comparison of the price changes.
Even if both indices reside at the same level of the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS). This is because these two indices measure different aspects of the economy, and their movements may be influenced by different factors.Option a)true is the right answer
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