Significant risk factors for peripheral arterial disease include
A. sedentary lifestyle, stress, obesity.
B. advanced age, female gender, familial tendency.
C. cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension.
D. protein S deficiency, protein C deficiency, factor V Leiden mutation.

The exact cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and brain chemistry factors.

Genetics plays a significant role in the development of schizophrenia. Studies have shown that individuals with a family history of the condition are at a higher risk of developing the illness. Additionally, certain environmental factors, such as prenatal stress and exposure to viruses, may increase the likelihood of developing schizophrenia. Brain chemistry imbalances, specifically involving dopamine and glutamate, have also been linked to schizophrenia.

Overall, the causes of schizophrenia are complex and involve a combination of factors. Further research is needed to fully understand the condition and develop more effective treatments.

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Major signs or symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal disease are ADHIOPPSU: Abdominal obesity, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Impaired glucose metabolism, Obesity, Proteinuria, Polyuria, Sedentary lifestyle, and Uncontrolled blood pressure. These symptoms often occur together, increasing the risk of developing these diseases.

ADHIOPPSU is an acronym used to describe major risk factors for cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal diseases. Abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose metabolism are all related to the development of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of developing heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle also contribute to these conditions. Proteinuria and polyuria are signs of renal dysfunction, and uncontrolled blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recognizing these symptoms can help individuals and healthcare professionals identify and manage risk factors to prevent the onset or progression of these diseases.

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At extremely high levels of anxiety, focus can be lost completely. This is because excessive anxiety can interfere with our cognitive processes, making it difficult to concentrate and maintain attention on the task at hand.

For some individuals, even mild levels of anxiety can be enough to significantly impair their ability to focus. They may find themselves easily distracted, with their minds wandering and unable to concentrate on the task at hand.

On the other hand, some people may be able to maintain their focus even in the face of high levels of anxiety. However, as anxiety increases beyond a certain point, their ability to concentrate may become increasingly impaired.

The exact level of anxiety at which focus is lost completely can depend on various factors, including individual temperament, past experiences, the nature of the task, and the context in which the anxiety is experienced. However, in general, severe anxiety can interfere with cognitive processing, including attention, memory, and decision-making, leading to a complete loss of focus. In such cases, it may be helpful to seek professional help to manage anxiety symptoms and improve focus.

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The most difficult side effect of propranolol for PTSD is typically a decrease in blood pressure, which can cause dizziness, fainting, and even a loss of consciousness in some cases.

This is because propranolol is a beta-blocker, which slows down the heart rate and can affect blood flow throughout the body. While this side effect is usually temporary and mild, it can be especially problematic for individuals who already have low blood pressure or who are taking other medications that also lower blood pressure.

Other potential side effects of propranolol for PTSD may include fatigue, nausea, depression, and difficulty sleeping. It's important to discuss any concerns or questions about medication side effects with a healthcare provider.

Being easily startled or frightened.

Always being on guard for danger.

Self-destructive behavior, such as drinking too much or driving too fast.

Trouble sleeping.

Trouble concentrating.

Irritability, angry outbursts or aggressive behavior.

Overwhelming guilt or shame.

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Conventional therapeutic nursing intervention can be both directive and nondirective, depending on the approach and the specific situation. In general, conventional therapy involves following established protocols and evidence-based practices to address a patient's physical, emotional, or psychological needs.

conventional interventions may be more directive in nature, such as when a nurse gives specific instructions or guidance to a patient about managing their symptoms or following a treatment plan. Other interventions may be more non-directive, such as when a nurse uses active listening and reflective questioning to help a patient explore their feelings and concerns. Ultimately, the goal of conventional therapeutic nursing intervention is to help patients achieve optimal health and well-being. This may involve a combination of directive and nondirective approaches, depending on the individual patient's needs and preferences. Nurses must be skilled at adapting their interventions to meet the unique needs of each patient, while also adhering to established best practices and protocols. Conventional therapeutic nursing interventions can be both directive and nondirective, depending on the specific approach and patient needs.

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The diagnostic workup for abdominal pain in men may involve a variety of tests and procedures. These may include a physical exam, blood tests to check for signs of infection or inflammation, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan, and potentially invasive procedures such as endoscopy or colonoscopy.

The diagnostic workup typically includes:

1. Medical history: The doctor will gather information about the patient's symptoms, past medical history, and lifestyle factors.

2. Physical examination: This involves assessing the patient's overall health, inspecting the abdomen for tenderness, swelling, or masses, and checking for signs of infection or inflammation.

3. Laboratory tests: Blood, urine, and stool samples may be taken to check for infections, inflammation, or other abnormalities.

4. Imaging studies: Depending on the suspected cause, the doctor may order imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasounds, CT scans, or MRI to get a detailed view of the abdominal organs and structures.

5. Endoscopic procedures: In some cases, an endoscope (a flexible tube with a camera) may be inserted through the mouth or rectum to examine the gastrointestinal tract directly.

6. Specialist consultation: If necessary, the patient may be referred to a specialist such as a gastroenterologist or surgeon for further evaluation and management.

The specific diagnostic approach may vary based on the patient's symptoms, age, and other factors.

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Hydralazine. This medication comes as an intravenous solution. Explanation: Azilsartan, Irbesartan, and Terazosin are available in oral tablet form.The medication that comes as an intravenous solution is Hydralazine.

The answer to your question is Hydralazine. This medication comes as an intravenous solution. Explanation: Azilsartan, Irbesartan, and Terazosin are available in oral tablet form.
The medication that comes as an intravenous solution is Hydralazine.
Hydralazine

Hydralazine is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the smooth muscles in blood vessels, which helps to lower blood pressure. It is available in various forms, including an intravenous solution, which can be administered directly into the bloodstream for quick and effective treatment. The other medications listed (Azilsartan, Irbesartan, and Terazosin) are primarily used in oral form and do not typically come as intravenous solutions.

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Answer: spillover hypothesis.

Explanation: spillover hypothesis is defined as negativity stemming from disruptions in one family subsystem (e.g., the co-parenting relationship) that can “spill over” into other subsystems (e.g., the parent-child relationship

The effect of your parents' constant arguing on your moods and emotions can be explained by the concept of "spillover."

Spillover occurs when the negative emotions, conflicts, and stress that occur in one relationship spill over into another relationship.

In this case, your parents' constant arguing creates a negative atmosphere in the household, which can spill over into your relationship with them and affect your emotional well-being. You may feel anxious, stressed, or depressed as a result of the constant arguing, even if you are not directly involved in the conflicts.

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The medication that will protect the kidneys by minimizing uric acid deposits in a client is allopurinol (Aloprim, Zyloprim).

Tumor lysis syndrome occurs due to the rapid breakdown of cancer cells during chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which leads to the release of intracellular contents such as uric acid, potassium, and phosphorus into the bloodstream. The elevated uric acid levels can lead to the formation of uric acid crystals in the kidneys, causing renal failure.
Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that prevents the formation of uric acid by blocking the enzyme xanthine oxidase. It is used to decrease the risk of uric acid deposition in the kidneys and other organs in clients at high risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Allopurinol is usually started before chemotherapy or radiation therapy and continued for several days after treatment to prevent hyperuricemia and renal failure.
Mannitol (Osmitrol) and furosemide (Lasix) are diuretics that increase urine output and can help prevent renal failure by flushing out uric acid from the kidneys. Hydralazine is an antihypertensive medication used to treat high blood pressure and is not indicated for the prevention or treatment of tumor lysis syndrome.

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The most likely diagnosis for a 60-year-old male with dull epigastric pain that radiates to the back, weight loss, dark urine, and clay-colored stool, who is a heavy drinker and smoker, is pancreatic cancer.

These symptoms are common in patients with pancreatic cancer and are associated with the tumor's effect on the pancreas and surrounding organs. The combination of heavy alcohol and tobacco as patient M is a drinker and smoker use can increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer.

Other risk factors include a family history of pancreatic cancer, chronic pancreatitis, and obesity. It is essential to confirm the diagnosis with imaging studies and biopsy to initiate treatment promptly.

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Based on the information provided, it is likely that the 45-year-old female is experiencing acute low back pain due to overuse of her paraspinal muscles while cleaning her house.

Paraspinal muscle tenderness and spasm are indicative of muscle strain, which is a common cause of low back pain. However, it is important to rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to her symptoms. The most likely diagnosis is acute non-specific low back pain, which is a common condition that affects people of all ages. Treatment options for acute low back pain include rest, ice, heat, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Physical therapy may also be recommended to help strengthen the affected muscles and improve flexibility. In order to prevent further episodes of low back pain, it is important for the patient to maintain good posture and engage in regular exercise to strengthen the muscles in her back. She should also avoid lifting heavy objects or engaging in activities that may exacerbate her symptoms. If her symptoms do not improve or worsen over time, she should consult with a healthcare provider to rule out any underlying medical conditions that may require additional treatment.

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Based on the presented symptoms and history, the diagnosis for the 28-year-old male could be chronic constipation. The main symptom of constipation is the infrequent or difficult passage of stool, which in this case has been going on for three weeks.

Furthermore, the individual's diet, which has consisted mainly of junk food, could be contributing to the development of constipation. However, it is important to note that constipation can be caused by a variety of factors such as dehydration, lack of physical activity, certain medications, and underlying health conditions like irritable bowel syndrome or colon cancer. Therefore, a thorough medical evaluation, including a physical examination and possibly diagnostic tests like blood work, colonoscopy or imaging studies may be needed to accurately diagnose the underlying cause of the constipation. In conclusion, while the symptoms and history suggest chronic constipation, further investigation is necessary to rule out any underlying medical conditions and determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

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Based on the symptoms presented, it is likely that the 45-year-old female is experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding, which is characterized by coffee-ground emesis and dark, tarry stool. The intermittent epigastric pain that is relieved by food and antacids is also a common symptom of peptic ulcers, which can cause gastrointestinal bleeding.

Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. They can be caused by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), smoking, and stress. When the ulcers bleed, it can lead to coffee-ground emesis and tarry stool.Other possible causes of gastrointestinal bleeding include esophageal varices, Mallory-Weiss tear, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.It is important for the patient to seek medical attention immediately, as gastrointestinal bleeding can be life-threatening if left untreated. Treatment will depend on the underlying cause of the bleeding, but may include medications to control acid production, antibiotics to treat infections, endoscopic procedures to stop bleeding, or surgery in severe cases.In summary, the patient is likely experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding due to peptic ulcers, and prompt medical attention is necessary.

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Considering the patient's age, painless hematuria, heavy smoking history, and occupation, the most likely diagnosis is bladder cancer.

It is essential for the patient to consult with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and appropriate management. Based on the provided information,

the most likely diagnosis for a 65-year-old male presenting with painless hematuria, heavy smoking history, and occupation as a painter is Bladder Cancer.

1. Painless hematuria: This is a common symptom of bladder cancer, indicating blood in the urine without any associated pain.

2. Heavy smoker: Smoking is a significant risk factor for bladder cancer, as it exposes the individual to harmful chemicals that can cause damage to the bladder lining.

3. Occupation as a painter: Painters are exposed to certain chemicals and substances that may increase the risk of developing bladder cancer, such as aromatic amines and solvents.

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Answer:

The correct statement is D. Waves with the longest wavelengths have the lowest frequencies.

Wavelength and frequency are two important characteristics of waves. Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding points on a wave, such as two crests or two troughs. Frequency, on the other hand, is the number of waves that pass a given point in one second. The unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz).

The relationship between wavelength and frequency is inverse. This means that when the wavelength is longer, the frequency is lower. When the wavelength is shorter, the frequency is higher. This relationship can be expressed mathematically as:

frequency = wave speed / wavelength

Since the speed of a wave is constant in a given medium if the wavelength is longer, the frequency must be lower, and vice versa.

Energy, on the other hand, is related to the amplitude of a wave, which is the height of the wave's crest or depth of its trough. The higher the amplitude, the more energy a wave carries. The relationship between energy and wavelength is not as straightforward as the relationship between wavelength and frequency. The energy of a wave is related to both its amplitude and frequency, and can be calculated using the following equation:

energy = Planck's constant x frequency

Therefore, the statement "waves with the longest wavelengths have the most energy" is incorrect. The energy of a wave depends on both its amplitude and frequency, not just its wavelength.

The PRE-INTERACTION phase of the helping relationship is the initial stage where the helper and the person seeking help come into contact for the first time. It is the phase where the foundation of the relationship is established, and it sets the tone for future interactions.

During this phase, the helper begins to gather important information about the person seeking help, such as their background, history, concerns, and goals. One critical component of this phase is establishing a relationship with the person seeking help. This relationship sets the stage for trust and open communication, which is necessary for successful problem-solving. The helper should approach the person seeking help with empathy, compassion, and an open mind, seeking to understand their perspective and validate their feelings. The PRE-INTERACTION phase is also an opportunity for the helper to establish boundaries and set expectations for the relationship. They can clarify their role, the limitations of their assistance, and any ethical considerations that will guide their interactions. In summary, the PRE-INTERACTION phase of the helping relationship is crucial in establishing the foundation for a successful and productive relationship. The helper must approach the person seeking help with empathy and openness while setting boundaries and expectations for the relationship. By doing so, they can create a supportive and safe environment where the person seeking help can feel comfortable sharing their concerns and working towards their goals.

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Disadvantages of home visits include potential safety risks, limited time spent with the client due to travel, and the need for post-visit documentation and follow-up.

Home visits can present several disadvantages for healthcare providers. First, there may be potential safety risks involved when entering a client's home, particularly if the client lives in an unsafe or unstable environment. Second, the time spent traveling to and from the client's home can limit the amount of time spent actually interacting with the client. Lastly, post-visit documentation and follow-up can be more time-consuming and challenging compared to in-office visits, as healthcare providers may need to document the client's home environment, and may have limited access to medical equipment and resources.

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Four emotional/relationship signs of bulimia nervosa include Mood swings, Social isolation, Secrecy, and Low self-esteem.

1. Mood swings: Individuals with bulimia nervosa may experience frequent and intense emotional fluctuations, often related to their eating habits and self-perception.
2. Social isolation: They may withdraw from friends and family due to shame or embarrassment about their eating disorder, which can strain relationships.
3. Secrecy: People with bulimia nervosa might hide their binge eating and purging behaviors, leading to a lack of transparency and trust in relationships.
4. Low self-esteem: Those suffering from bulimia nervosa often have a negative self-image, which can impact their emotional well-being and the way they interact with others.

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True., X-rays are crucial diagnostic and monitoring tools in fracture management. They should be taken both before and after a closed reduction to provide the best possible care and outcome for the patient. X-rays are essential in the management of fractures, and they should be taken both before and after a closed reduction.

Before the reduction, the initial X-ray helps medical professionals assess the type, location, and severity of the fracture. This information guides the appropriate treatment approach, including determining if closed reduction is suitable for the specific fracture. Closed reduction is a non-surgical method of aligning the broken bones, typically used for simple, non-displaced fractures.

After the closed reduction, a follow-up X-ray is necessary to confirm proper alignment and positioning of the bones. This ensures that the healing process can progress effectively and reduces the risk of complications, such as malunion or nonunion, where the bones do not heal correctly. Moreover, the follow-up X-ray serves as a reference to monitor the healing progress in subsequent appointments.

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The 14 mild-moderate symptoms of alcohol withdrawal are: insomnia, anxiety, confusion, nausea, vomiting, headache, tremors, sweating, palpitations, high blood pressure, fast heart rate, irritability, depression, and fatigue.
Hi! The 14 mild-moderate symptoms of alcohol withdrawal include:

1. Irritability (I)
2. Anxiety (A)
3. Cognitive difficulties (C)
4. Nausea (N)
5. Vomiting (V)
6. Headaches (H)
7. Weakness (W)
8. Insomnia (I)
9. Palpitations (P)
10. Increased heart rate (I)
11. Perspiration (P)
12. Hypertension (H)
13. Tremors (T)
14. Fatigue (F)

Please remember that these symptoms can vary in severity and duration, and it is important to consult a medical professional if experiencing alcohol withdrawal.

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A growth and development record may be found in a pediatric record. This type of record contains information on a child's physical, cognitive, and social development, as well as growth measurements such as height and weight. It is different from an obstetric record, which documents a woman's pregnancy and the delivery.

The Obstetric records are medical documents that contain information related to a woman's pregnancy, labor, and delivery. These records help healthcare professionals monitor the growth and the development of the fetus, identify any potential complications, and ensure both the mother and baby receive appropriate care during pregnancy and postpartum.

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Tenoretic is a medication that combines two active ingredients: atenolol and chlorthalidone. Atenolol is a beta-blocker medication that works by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart, reducing the heart rate and blood pressure.

Chlorthalidone is a diuretic medication that works by increasing the amount of urine produced by the kidneys, which helps to lower blood pressure by reducing the amount of fluid in the blood vessels. Tenoretic is commonly used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and angina (chest pain). It is important to note that Tenoretic should only be taken under the supervision of a healthcare provider and as directed, as it may have side effects and can interact with other medications.

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.

Icosapent ethyl may cause more bleeding if taken with warfarin.

This is because icosapent ethyl is a type of omega-3 fatty acid that can have blood-thinning effects, which may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin, a medication commonly used to prevent blood clots. It is important to always consult with a healthcare provider before taking any new medications, including over-the-counter supplements, while taking warfarin. This is because some medications can interact with warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding or other complications.

While the other medications listed (Alirocumab, Evolocumab, and Icosapent ethyl) may have other effects or interactions, they are not specifically known to increase bleeding risk when taken with warfarin. Therefore, if you are taking warfarin, it is important to discuss with your healthcare provider any potential interactions with other medications, including Ezetimibe, to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

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When admitting a patient with a substance use disorder, there are four important questions to ask, which are commonly referred to as the "WHHW" questions.

These questions are:

1. What have you been using? This question helps to identify the specific substance or substances that the patient has been using and provides important information for the development of an appropriate treatment plan.

2. How much have you been using? This question helps to gauge the severity of the patient's substance use and can also provide information about the patient's tolerance and potential risk for overdose.

3. How often have you been using? This question helps to assess the frequency of the patient's substance use and can also provide important information about the patient's level of dependence.

4. When was the last time you used? This question helps to determine the patient's current level of intoxication or withdrawal symptoms and can also provide important information about the timing of any potential drug testing.

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The four red flags for a kidney disorder or stone include:
1. Pain or discomfort in the lower back or side, often accompanied by nausea or vomiting
2. Blood in the urine
3. Difficulty or pain during urination
4. Frequent urges to urinate, especially at night.

The 4 red flags for a kidney disorder or stone are:

1. Severe or persistent pain: Often experienced in the lower back, side, or abdomen, which may be indicative of a kidney stone or other kidney-related issue.
2. Hematuria: Blood in the urine, which can be a symptom of kidney stones, infection, or other kidney disorders.
3. Frequent or painful urination: Struggling to urinate or experiencing pain during urination can signal a kidney stone or urinary tract infection.
4. Nausea and vomiting: These symptoms, when accompanied by other red flags, may indicate the presence of a kidney stone or a kidney-related issue that needs medical attention.

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Answer:

A cross-training or running shoe should be worn to provide adequate shock absorption as well as adequate stability to the foot. Checking wear patterns and outer sole wear will help avoid overuse injuries. Beginning plyometric training is done in individual sessions performed in a manner similar to interval training

If an employee arrives at work with a sore throat and fever, they should not be allowed to handle any food items, including making salads or prepping meats and poultry.

Instead, they should be assigned tasks that do not involve direct contact with food, such as taking out the trash and mopping floors or washing and sanitizing dishes. This is important for preventing the spread of illness and ensuring the safety of customers and other employees. Additionally, the employee should be advised to seek medical attention and not return to work until they are no longer contagious. It is always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to food safety and the health of those in the workplace.

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Metronidazole, tinidazole, and nitazoxanide are medications used to treat parasitic infections, while albendazole and mebendazole are also options for treating specific types of parasitic infections.

1. Metronidazole and tinidazole are nitroimidazole antibiotics, primarily used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and protozoan parasites. They are particularly effective against infections such as giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amoebiasis.
2. Nitazoxanide is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic medication used to treat a variety of protozoal and helminthic infections, including cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis.
3. Albendazole and mebendazole belong to the benzimidazole class of antiparasitic drugs, primarily used to treat helminthic infections such as roundworms, pinworms, and hookworms.
The choice of medication depends on the specific type of parasitic infection being treated. Metronidazole, tinidazole, and nitazoxanide are commonly used for protozoal infections, while albendazole and mebendazole are more suited for helminthic infections. Always consult a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate medication for your specific condition.

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The brand name for the fentanyl patches that Mr. Tarnovsky requested in his e-prescription is Duragesic.

Fentanyl patches are transdermal patches used to treat chronic, severe pain. The patch works by delivering a continuous dose of fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid, through the skin and into the bloodstream. Possible side effects include headache, nausea, constipation, and dizziness. Duragesic patches come in two sizes: 12.5 mcg/h and 25 mcg/h, and also come in a 40 mcg/h, 50 mcg/h, 75 mcg/h, and 100 mcg/h extended release patch. It is important to note that Duragesic patches should not be used to treat pain that is mild or that will go away in a few days.

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