In a case whereby Strella feels socially disconnected from classmates and peers. This experience increases Strella's risk for substance abuse.
What is substance abuse?Substance abuse refers to the harmful or excessive use of drugs or other substances that can lead to physical or psychological dependence, as well as negative consequences for the individual's health, social life, and overall well-being. Substance abuse can involve the use of legal substances such as alcohol and prescription medications, or illegal drugs such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana.
Substance abuse can have a wide range of negative effects on a person's life, including physical health problems, mental health issues such as anxiety and depression, social problems, legal issues, financial difficulties, and relationship problems. In some cases, substance abuse can lead to addiction, which is characterized by compulsive drug use despite negative consequences.
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medical offices being burglarized by breaking the front window and prying the office door is an example of a:
Medical offices being burglarized by breaking the front window and prying the office door is an example of a forced entry burglary.
A forced entry burglary is a break-in that involves the use of physical force to gain entry. This type of burglary is characterized by the fact that the perpetrator or perpetrators must use force to break through the security system, such as a door, window, or lock, in order to gain access to the location. A forced entry burglary is classified as a type of property crime that is punishable by law.
The following are the different types of burglaries:Forced Entry Burglary: This is when the burglar uses force to enter the building or residence in question.Unlawful Entry Burglary: This type of burglary occurs when the burglar gains entry to the building or residence without the owner's permission or without breaking anything (i.e. an unlocked door or window).Attempted Burglary: This is when the burglar attempts to enter the building or residence but is unsuccessful.
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which is not a major factor leading to genocide?unequal distribution of resources.economic, political, or social instability.
Genocide is the intentional destruction of a particular ethnic or racial group, either through direct killing, imposing living conditions that lead to death, or through deliberate measures that prevent birth among the group in question.
What is not a significant factor that leads to genocide?
Unequal distribution of resources is not a major factor leading to genocide. Economic, political, or social instability is a significant factor that can lead to genocide.
The death toll in any genocide is influenced by a range of factors. There are several factors that can lead to genocide, but some are more significant than others. To avoid a catastrophe, nations must identify the causes of genocide and make attempts to prevent them before they occur.
Political, economic, and social factors all play a part in genocidal acts. In most circumstances, genocidal actions are the result of the culmination of numerous contributing factors, both long-term and immediate. Nevertheless, economic, political, or social instability is a significant factor that can lead to genocide. If people are unhappy, hungry, and live in fear, the likelihood of a violent reaction increases, which could include genocide.
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when infants listen to a stream of speech, they have a tendency to keep track of the sounds that predictably occur together in the same order. this demonstrates an example of: child development
When infants listen to a stream of speech, they have a tendency to keep track of the sounds that predictably occur together in the same order This demonstrates an example of chunking.
Chunking is the ability to take small bits of information and group them together into larger pieces. This is a cognitive process that allows us to reduce the amount of information that needs to be processed and make it more manageable.
In the case of infants, they are listening to a stream of speech and chunking the sounds together into meaningful units.
By chunking the information, the infant is able to focus on the more important elements in the speech and ignore the less important elements. This helps them to make sense of the language and eventually be able to produce it themselves.
Chunking is a very important cognitive skill that is necessary for language acquisition, as it helps us to break down complex information into more manageable pieces. It also helps us to remember information better and reduce the amount of time and effort it takes to learn new things.
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eduardo recently moved into a new apartment building. according to the principle of proximity, who is eduardo most likely to befriend?
According to the principle of proximity, Eduardo is most likely to befriend people who are geographically close to him, such as those who live in his apartment building or the neighboring buildings.
The principle of proximity is a human cognitive behavior theory that suggests that individuals are more likely to form friendships and social bonds with those who are physically close to them. The principle of proximity refers to the idea that the closer people are physically, the more likely they are to form social bonds.
It has been suggested that proximity is a significant factor in relationship formation. This principle suggests that the more exposure we have to people, the more likely we are to form relationships with them.
Proximity is a significant factor in the formation of relationships because it increases the likelihood of interaction between individuals. For example, people can meet while walking their dogs or while taking out the garbage. Additionally, having a similar living environment can create common interests and conversations, such as talking about the building's maintenance or their favorite restaurants nearby.
In summary, Eduardo is likely to befriend people who live close by as they have more opportunities to interact and form common interests.
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as a young child, jason repeatedly experience sexual and physical abuse from a close relative. which form of stress did jason most likely feel as a result of this trauma?
Jason most likely experienced chronic stress as a result of the trauma he experienced as a young child.
Chronic stress is a type of stress characterized by a long-term build-up of tension or anxiety that can have detrimental effects on an individual’s physical and mental health.
Chronic stress is a result of long-term exposure to difficult situations, and is often caused by trauma such as physical or sexual abuse.
In Jason’s case, his experience of repeated sexual and physical abuse from a close relative would likely have resulted in him feeling a prolonged and heightened sense of stress.
This prolonged exposure to difficult situations, with no outlet for relief, can lead to physical, mental, and emotional distress. Physical symptoms of chronic stress may include headaches, chest pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and digestive problems. Emotional symptoms can include feelings of anxiety, depression, anger, and sadness.
In conclusion, Jason’s experience of repeated sexual and physical abuse from a close relative most likely led him to experience chronic stress. Chronic stress is caused by long-term exposure to difficult situations, and can have detrimental effects on an individual’s physical and mental health.
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which anticipatory human emotion produces bodily reactions that prepare us for fight or flight in case of potential danger?
The anticipatory human emotion that produces bodily reactions that prepare us for fight or flight in case of potential danger is anxiety.
What is anxiety?Anxiety is the body's natural response to stress. It's a feeling of fear or apprehension about what's to come.
Anxiety is a natural and healthy emotion, but it can become problematic when it interferes with your daily activities. Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses in the United States, affecting over 40 million people.
What is the fight-or-flight response?The fight-or-flight response is the body's response to an imminent threat. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activates when a person is under stress or in danger.
The SNS releases adrenaline and other stress hormones into the bloodstream, causing a range of physiological responses designed to help the person either fight or flee.The fight-or-flight response is critical in situations where a person's survival is at stake.
However, it can become problematic if it is activated too frequently or inappropriately, causing chronic stress and health problems.Anxiety is a natural response to stress, and the fight-or-flight response is the body's response to an imminent threat.
Anxiety and the fight-or-flight response are interconnected in that anxiety can trigger the fight-or-flight response.
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Which 2 categories are federally funded programs required to collect
The two categories that federally funded programs are required to collect are demographic data and programmatic data.
Federally funded programs are programs that are paid for by the federal government. They are designed to help people who are in need. Some of these programs include Medicaid, food stamps, and housing assistance.
1. Demographic data: Demographic data refers to data that is related to the characteristics of the people who receive services from federally funded programs. Examples of demographic data include age, gender, race, ethnicity, and income level. This data is used to help determine the eligibility of individuals for specific programs.
2. Programmatic data: Programmatic data refers to data that is related to the services provided by federally funded programs. Examples of programmatic data include the number of people served, the types of services provided, and the outcomes of those services. This data is used to evaluate the effectiveness of programs and to identify areas for improvement.
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jane is a 15-year-old high school student. she runs with a bad crowd that frequently engages in petty criminal behavior. assume jane is apprehended after engaging in various misdemeanors. she may be prosecuted in the adult justice system without any involvement of the juvenile court system if the offenses in which she engaged are:
Jane is a 15-year-old high school student who is running with a bad crowd that frequently engages in petty criminal behavior. If Jane is apprehended after engaging in various misdemeanors, she may be prosecuted in the adult justice system without any involvement of the juvenile court system.
The juvenile justice system is designed to protect and rehabilitate young people who have committed crimes. In some states, certain types of mis demeanors can be considered "waivable offenses," meaning the juvenile court has the authority to waive its jurisdiction and allow a juvenile to be tried as an adult.
For example, some states may allow juveniles to be waived to the adult justice system if the crime is a violent crime or a serious crime like robbery, burglary, or drug dealing. Other states may allow a juvenile to be waived if the juvenile has a history of delinquent behavior.
The decision to waive a juvenile to the adult justice system is a serious decision and is typically made by a judge or juvenile court. It is important to remember that juveniles are not always held to the same standards as adults in the criminal justice system, and that the juvenile court system is designed to be more rehabilitative than the adult court system.
In conclusion, Jane may be prosecuted in the adult justice system without any involvement of the juvenile court system if the offenses in which she engaged are considered waivable offenses in her state. This will depend on the type of offense and the jurisdiction in which the offense occurred.
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if you meet someone at a party and discover that he grew up in the same small town as you, attended your university, and likes your favorite band, you may be attracted to him. you find him attractive because of what force?
If you meet someone at a party and discover that he grew up in the same small town as you or attended your university, you may be attracted to him because of the force of proximity.
Proximity is the idea that people are more likely to be attracted to others who are close geographically. This is often seen as a way to increase the chances of forming social connections, as people who live closer to each other have more opportunities to interact with each other.
Proximity also suggests that people are more likely to have common interests and values with those who are nearby. In this case, you and the person you met at the party both grew up in the same small town, attended the same university, and like the same band.
These common experiences may create a feeling of familiarity and closeness between you two, which could lead to attraction.
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the most reliable and effective technique for gathering information, deepening discussion and broadening focus is:
The most reliable and effective technique for gathering information, deepening discussion and broadening focus is: Asking Questions.
Asking questions is an essential technique for gathering information, deepening discussions, and broadening focus. By asking questions, we can clarify our understanding of a topic, explore new ideas, and gain insights into other people's perspectives.
Asking open-ended questions, in particular, can be especially useful as they encourage people to share their thoughts and opinions more freely, and can lead to more in-depth and meaningful conversations. Open-ended questions typically start with "what," "why," "how," or "tell me about," and can help to uncover underlying motivations, values, and beliefs.
Active listening is also critical when asking questions, as it allows us to fully understand the other person's responses and engage in a more meaningful conversation. By asking questions and actively listening to the answers, we can gain a better understanding of the topic at hand and develop new insights and ideas.
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dr. marcy is conducting an observational study that compares a group of people who have a specific disease to a control group of people who do not have that disease. what type of study is this?
Answer:
Dr. Marcy is conducting an observational study that compares a group of people who have a specific disease to a control group of people who do not have that disease. This type of study is known as a cohort study.
Cohort studies are observational studies that follow a group of individuals over a period of time to investigate the occurrence of a particular disease or outcome of interest. In a cohort study, individuals are classified into two or more groups based on their exposure to a particular risk factor or characteristic, and their health outcomes are then compared.
In this case, the group of individuals with the specific disease constitutes the "exposed" cohort, while the control group of individuals without the disease constitutes the "unexposed" cohort. By comparing the two groups, Dr. Marcy can identify potential risk factors or causes of the disease, as well as assess the effectiveness of preventive measures or treatments.
case-based critical thinking questions case 8-1 anthony is passionate about politics and enjoys sharing and discussing his views with others over the internet. anthony regularly visits several popular political , which are web pages designed to facilitate written discussions between people on specific subjects. a.e-mail programs b.message boards c.webinars d.podcasts
Anthony regularly visits several popular political b. message boards, which are web pages designed to facilitate written discussions between people on specific subjects.
A message board, often known as a discussion forum or bulletin board, is a web application that allows people to communicate with each other through posted messages.
A message board is typically built around a particular subject or group of topics, such as politics or gaming, and may be moderated by one or more administrators to ensure that the discussion stays on track and remains civil.
The following are the benefits of using message boards:
Message boards have a much lower learning curve than many other online tools.Message boards are often extremely active, allowing you to receive quick replies and feedback on your posts.Message boards are more user-friendly than other kinds of online groups, allowing you to join discussions without being overwhelmed by the number of posts.Message boards provide a greater sense of community than other kinds of online groups, making it easier to build relationships with other members.Therefore, Anthony frequently visits popular political message boards on the internet as he is passionate about politics and enjoys discussing his views with others.
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the nationwide survey that focused on the strengths of happily married couples revealed that more happy couples than unhappy couples divided household tasks on the basis of
The nationwide survey that focused on the strengths of happily married couples revealed that more happy couples than unhappy couples divided household tasks on the basis of equity.
Equity is the practice of dividing household tasks and duties fairly or equally among partners or spouses. It means both partners share the responsibility of the household work without any significant disparity or favoritism.
The nationwide survey showed that more happy couples than unhappy couples practice equity in their household tasks division. These happy couples are more likely to live a long-lasting, peaceful, and happy life together.
The equity principle also ensures that no one partner feels overburdened or overworked by taking care of the entire household work.
In conclusion, equity plays a vital role in maintaining the happiness and longevity of the marriage of a couple.
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the task that an individual can accomplish only with the assistance of a more advanced other represents the learner's:
The task that an individual can accomplish only with the assistance of a more advanced other represents the learner's dependency.
Dependency occurs when an individual is unable to accomplish a task without the assistance of someone more advanced. This is often seen in the context of education, where a learner is dependent on their teacher or mentor to help them understand and complete a task.
This can also apply to any other type of activity, such as a parent helping a child learn to ride a bike or an employee asking their supervisor for help with a project. In all of these cases, the individual’s ability to accomplish the task is dependent on the help of someone more advanced.
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What does Andy Warhol,Robert Fulton,Andrew Jackson and Elizabeth Candy Stanton have in common?
Andy Warhol's soup can paintings are protected by copyright. Apidexin reviewed from a common man. Names of Andrew Jackson's jihad knife guy playlist.
Is apitoxin beneficial for wrinkles?
When applied to the skin, bee venom cream penetrates it, stimulating blood circulation, collagen and elastin formation. As a consequence, your skin appears plumper and firmer, with fine lines and wrinkles lifted, filled, and smoothed out. Apitoxin, sometimes known as honey bee venom, is a colorless, bitter liquid. The active component of the venom is a complex protein combination that promotes local inflammation and works as an anticoagulant. A combination of acidic and basic fluids is generated in the abdomen of worker bees to manufacture venom.
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mr. cortez had a good conversation about the fairness of restitution and retribution with 9-year-old sherrod. the next day, sherrod still thought retribution was most fair. scientific study shows us that talking about moral values with children___.
Scientific study shows us that talking about moral values with children leads to the development of a stronger moral compass.
The importance of discussing moral values with children is to provide them with a solid foundation upon which to make ethical decisions. Children's brains are constantly evolving and learning new things, so speaking to them about ethical decision-making at a young age may help shape their choices in the future.Through conversation, children learn about different types of moral values, such as justice, kindness, and respect for others.
Children are capable of understanding and internalizing these values even at a young age, and discussing them can help reinforce their significance in society. Additionally, talking about moral values with children can foster open-mindedness and help children recognize and respect different perspectives. Hence, it is important to discuss moral values with children.
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which of the following disorders can occur with or without agoraphobia being present? question 12 options: a) dissociative disorder b) panic disorder c) somatoform disorder d) obsessive-compulsive disorder
"The disorder that can occur with or without agoraphobia being present is b) panic disorder." The correct option is B.
What is agoraphobia?Agoraphobia is a type of anxiety disorder. Agora-phobia means fearing & avoiding places or situations that may cause panic & feelings of being trap-ped, help-less or embarrassed. You may fear an actual or up-coming situation. For exam-ple, you may fear using public trans-portation, be-ing in open or en-closed spaces, stand-ing in line, or being in a crowd.
Panic disorder is an anxiety dis-order where you regularly have sud-den attacks of panic or fear. It's a natural response to stress-ful or dangerous situations. The correct option is B.
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murrow noted that the senator couldn't even get his relationship to cbs right in stating, multiple times, that murrow that murrow was the educational director for cbs, a position murrow had not held for how many years?
Murrow had not held the position of educational director for CBS forfive years.
In the 1940s, Murrow held the position of educational director for CBS for five years before resigning from the position in 1946 prior to his famous speech regarding Senator Joseph McCarthy.
Senator McCarthy incorrectly assumed Murrow was still in the position when making his statement, despite the fact that it had been five years since Murrow had left the position.
Therefore, It has been five years since Murrow worked as the educational director for CBS.
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the research technique that brings together scattered information about family members in successive generations is referred to as
The research technique that brings together scattered information about family members in successive generations is referred to as Genealogy.
What is genealogy?Genealogy is a research technique used to compile information about family history, ethnicity, and descent. In general, the field of genealogy aims to study family history, tracing pedigrees and reconstructing the history of a family over time. Genealogy is often used to provide insight into one's ethnic and cultural background, as well as to shed light on the historical context of a given family tree. Some techniques used in genealogy include oral interviews, DNA testing, and online research.
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an example of relaxed inhibitions might be: talking loudly stumbling spilling a drink losing your train of thought
An example of relaxed inhibitions might be talking loudly, stumbling, spilling a drink, and losing your train of thought.
Relaxed inhibitions refer to the weakening of a person's social boundaries, leading to behavior that is typically considered unacceptable in a given situation.
Examples of relaxed inhibitions include talking loudly, stumbling, spilling a drink, and losing your train of thought. These behaviors are typically associated with being under the influence of alcohol or drugs, but can also occur in other situations where social norms are less enforced or when a person is in a particularly comfortable or relaxed state of mind.
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Plains Indians believe that kind spirits tend to prefer loud noises, and so Indian Americans tend to speak more loudly than non-Indian Americansa. Trueb. False
The given statement, "Plains Indians believe that kind spirits tend to prefer loud noises, and so Indian Americans tend to speak more loudly than non-Indian Americans" is false (b) because there is no evidence to support the claim.
And also, it is not true that Indian Americans speak more loudly than non-Indian Americans.
While some Native American cultures do have beliefs related to spirits and sound, there is no evidence to support the specific claim that Plains Indians believe that kind spirits prefer loud noises.
Additionally, it is a stereotype to suggest that Indian Americans speak more loudly than non-Indian Americans. Speech patterns and volume vary among individuals and cultural groups, and it is not accurate to make generalizations about any group based on such stereotypes.
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one of the key differences between mass media and interactive media is that in mass media and interactive media is .
The key difference between mass media and interactive media is that mass media is typically one-way communication, where the sender (producer) sends the message to many receivers (audience).
Mass media refers to the tools or platforms that disseminate or transmit information to a wide audience, including print media, broadcast media, and digital media. Examples of mass media include television, newspapers, radio, magazines, and the internet. Interactive media refers to the communication that occurs between the user and the system, allowing the user to communicate with the media in various ways.
Mass media and interactive media differ in terms of the communication process, audience involvement, and level of control over the content. The key difference between mass media and interactive media is that in mass media, the content is delivered to the audience in a passive manner, where the audience has limited control over the content.
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patriarchy is never found in societies that use a bilateral kinship systems. group of answer choices true false
The correct answer to the question is "False."
Patriarchy is not always found in societies that use bilateral kinship systems. Bilateral kinship systems refer to a type of family kinship system in which descent is traced through both parents rather than just one.
There is no direct connection between bilateral kinship systems and patriarchy. Patriarchy is a social system in which men hold power and women are largely excluded from it.
Although patriarchal societies are still common today, the idea of patriarchy is becoming less prevalent in modern society.
In a bilateral kinship system, both maternal and paternal families are given equal importance, and both male and female children have an equal claim on the family's resources.
As a result, women are treated fairly and are not oppressed, unlike in patriarchal societies. However, just because a society uses a bilateral kinship system does not mean that it is not patriarchal.
Therefore, the statement "patriarchy is never found in societies that use a bilateral kinship system" is false.
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who are the two philosophers who, in the post-war era, played a crucial role in bringing heidegger's philosophy to international recognition?
Two philosophers who played a crucial role in bringing Martin Heidegger's philosophy to international recognition in the post-war era are Hannah Arendt and Karl Jaspers.
Hannah Arendt was an active promoter of Heidegger's works and ideas in both the United States and Europe, while Karl Jaspers was one of the first to recognize and embrace Heidegger's writings in Germany.
Hannah Arendt's promotion of Heidegger's works in both the United States and Europe provided a platform for greater international understanding of Heidegger's ideas.
Additionally, Karl Jaspers was one of the first to recognize and embrace Heidegger's writings in Germany, which helped lay the foundation for greater acceptance of Heidegger's philosophy. By actively promoting Heidegger's works and ideas, these two philosophers helped bring his philosophy to international recognition.
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recognizing an odor as the familiar smell of apple blossoms is an example of group of answer choices
Recognizing an odor as the familiar smell of apple blossoms is an example of perception.
Perception refers to the ability of an individual to recognize an object's properties (color, size, shape) under different environmental conditions such as the object's orientation or the surrounding light's intensity.
This is possible because the perceptual system takes into account context, familiarity, and past experiences to form a stable and consistent perception of the world around us.
In the given question, recognizing an odor as the familiar smell of apple blossoms illustrates how our perceptual system works to maintain the constancy of our sensory experiences.
Even though there are various types of apple blossoms, we still recognize the odor as belonging to apple blossoms due to our familiarity with the smell, and our perceptual system's ability to make the necessary adjustments to account for variations in odor intensity, quality, or duration.
Therefore, recognizing an odor as a familiar smell is an example of perception.
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Complete Question:
5. Recognizing an odor as the familiar smell of apple blossoms is an example of A)perception B)prosopagnosia C)sensory adaptation D)subliminal stimulation
juan defines himself by rebelling against his parents. he definitely knows who he is not. what type of identity does he currently have?
Juan defines himself by rebelling against his parents. Juan currently has a negative identity.
Juan defines himself by what he is not. This type of identity is formed by the individual rejecting what they perceive to be labels or expectations that have been placed upon them by authority figures, such as parents.
In order to combat this, Juan is likely to form a new identity which he feels better aligns with his values and personality. He may become more politically active, or take up a new hobby or interest, as ways to differentiate himself from what he perceives to be parental expectations.
In order to properly form a positive identity, Juan should take the time to explore his interests and goals in life. He should take the opportunity to find out more about himself and his passions.
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which of the following is not a stage of moral development? group of answer choices unconventional preconventional conventional postconventional
Unconventional is not a stage of moral development.
What is moral development?Moral development refers to the development of a sense of right and wrong or morality. Moral development is an important aspect of personality development, particularly in the early stages of life, since children begin to learn and internalize the norms, customs, and values of society, particularly those of their parents and teachers. Moral development stages are classified into four stages: preconventional, conventional, postconventional, and unconventional. Unconventional is not a stage of moral development.
Let's take a closer look at each stage of moral development:
Preconventional: This stage is characterized by the child's focus on his or her individual needs and wants. The child's morality is determined by external factors such as reward and punishment, rather than by internal factors such as empathy.
Conventional: This stage is characterized by an increased awareness of societal norms and values. The child's morality is determined by his or her desire to conform to societal expectations.
Postconventional: This stage is characterized by a heightened sense of moral reasoning and individual values. The child is capable of questioning societal norms and values, as well as considering alternative viewpoints.
Therefore, unconventional is not a stage of moral development.
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apparent authority has the same effect as: group of answer choices all of the above partially disclosed authority actual authority undisclosed authority
Apparent authority has the same effect as actual authority. Apparent authority, also known as "ostensible authority," occurs when someone with authority (such as an agent or representative of a company) creates the impression that he/she has the authority to act on behalf of the company.
This impression creates a situation in which the person with apparent authority has the same rights and obligations as someone with actual authority.
Partially authority is not the same as apparent authority. Partially disclosed authority is when someone has the authority to act on behalf of the company, but they have not disclosed the extent of their authority.
Undisclosed authority is when someone has the authority to act on behalf of the company, but the company does not disclose the existence of that authority.
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which sociologist studied the arunta, an australian society, and developed a fundamental thesis to help explain all forms of society? multiple choice question. marx weber durkheim comte
Answer: Durkheim
Explanation:
Emile Durkheim is the sociologist who studied the Arunta, an Australian society, and developed a fundamental thesis to help explain all forms of society Durkheim is famously known for his work on social integration and collective consciousness Therefore the correct option is C.
He conducted an extensive study of the Arunta people, focusing on their social structure, religion, and social cohesion. From this research, Durkheim developed his theory of social solidarity,
which asserts that societies are held together by the bonds between individuals and that this bond can be either mechanical or organic. Durkheim's study of the Arunta played a significant role in shaping his theory on the functioning of society as a whole. Thus, the correct option for this multiple-choice question is Durkheim.
Hence the correct option is C.
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This is the type of validity that examines how well a test outcome is consistent with a criterion that occurs in the future. A) Content validity B) Test-retest validity C) Concurrent criterion validity D) Predictive validity
Predictive validity is the type of validity that examines how well a test outcome is consistent with a criterion that occurs in the future. It is used to determine future performance . The correct answer is option D
To establish predictive validity, researchers typically examine the correlation between test scores and future criterion measures. If the correlation is strong and statistically significant, it suggests that the test has good predictive validity.
It is essential to recognize that predictive validity is not the only type of validity to consider when evaluating a test. Content validity is also important aspects to ensure that a test measures what it is intended to measure and provides consistent results over time.
By ensuring that a test has strong predictive validity, as well as other forms of validity, decision-makers can be more confident in using the test results to inform their decisions and actions. Therefore The correct answer is option D.
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