T/F:
More patients accept screening when it is routinely offered without a risk assessment and those that are made aware of being HIV+ reduce their behaviors that put them at risk of transmitting HIV

The exact cause of schizophrenia is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and brain chemistry factors.

Genetics plays a significant role in the development of schizophrenia. Studies have shown that individuals with a family history of the condition are at a higher risk of developing the illness. Additionally, certain environmental factors, such as prenatal stress and exposure to viruses, may increase the likelihood of developing schizophrenia. Brain chemistry imbalances, specifically involving dopamine and glutamate, have also been linked to schizophrenia.

Overall, the causes of schizophrenia are complex and involve a combination of factors. Further research is needed to fully understand the condition and develop more effective treatments.

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Based on the symptoms presented, it is likely that the 45-year-old female is experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding, which is characterized by coffee-ground emesis and dark, tarry stool. The intermittent epigastric pain that is relieved by food and antacids is also a common symptom of peptic ulcers, which can cause gastrointestinal bleeding.

Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. They can be caused by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), smoking, and stress. When the ulcers bleed, it can lead to coffee-ground emesis and tarry stool.Other possible causes of gastrointestinal bleeding include esophageal varices, Mallory-Weiss tear, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.It is important for the patient to seek medical attention immediately, as gastrointestinal bleeding can be life-threatening if left untreated. Treatment will depend on the underlying cause of the bleeding, but may include medications to control acid production, antibiotics to treat infections, endoscopic procedures to stop bleeding, or surgery in severe cases.In summary, the patient is likely experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding due to peptic ulcers, and prompt medical attention is necessary.

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The PRE-INTERACTION phase of the helping relationship is the initial stage where the helper and the person seeking help come into contact for the first time. It is the phase where the foundation of the relationship is established, and it sets the tone for future interactions.

During this phase, the helper begins to gather important information about the person seeking help, such as their background, history, concerns, and goals. One critical component of this phase is establishing a relationship with the person seeking help. This relationship sets the stage for trust and open communication, which is necessary for successful problem-solving. The helper should approach the person seeking help with empathy, compassion, and an open mind, seeking to understand their perspective and validate their feelings. The PRE-INTERACTION phase is also an opportunity for the helper to establish boundaries and set expectations for the relationship. They can clarify their role, the limitations of their assistance, and any ethical considerations that will guide their interactions. In summary, the PRE-INTERACTION phase of the helping relationship is crucial in establishing the foundation for a successful and productive relationship. The helper must approach the person seeking help with empathy and openness while setting boundaries and expectations for the relationship. By doing so, they can create a supportive and safe environment where the person seeking help can feel comfortable sharing their concerns and working towards their goals.

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Answer: vvvvv

Explanation:

Weight training is a form of exercise that involves using weights, such as dum bells, barbells, or resistance machines, to perform exercises that target specific muscles or muscle groups with the goal of building strength, muscle size, and overall fitness.

The 14 mild-moderate symptoms of alcohol withdrawal are: insomnia, anxiety, confusion, nausea, vomiting, headache, tremors, sweating, palpitations, high blood pressure, fast heart rate, irritability, depression, and fatigue.
Hi! The 14 mild-moderate symptoms of alcohol withdrawal include:

1. Irritability (I)
2. Anxiety (A)
3. Cognitive difficulties (C)
4. Nausea (N)
5. Vomiting (V)
6. Headaches (H)
7. Weakness (W)
8. Insomnia (I)
9. Palpitations (P)
10. Increased heart rate (I)
11. Perspiration (P)
12. Hypertension (H)
13. Tremors (T)
14. Fatigue (F)

Please remember that these symptoms can vary in severity and duration, and it is important to consult a medical professional if experiencing alcohol withdrawal.

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Some possible nursing diagnoses written bellow:

1. Impairment from substances:

2. Overdose

3. Withdrawal from substances:

4. Hallucinations:

5. Elevated temperature, pulse, respirations:

6. Agitation:

Impairment from substances refers to the negative effects or alteration of one's mental or physical state due to the use of drugs or alcohol.

Overdose occurs when someone takes an excessive amount of a drug, causing serious harm or death.

Withdrawal from substances refers to the symptoms a person experiences when they abruptly stop or reduce their use of drugs or alcohol after prolonged use. These symptoms can be physical or psychological.

Hallucinations perception of something that does not exist in reality, often visual or auditory, that can be caused by drugs, mental illness, or other factors.

Elevated temperature, pulse, respirations these are signs of increased physiological activity that can occur due to drug use, overdose, or withdrawal.

Agitation refers to a state of restlessness, anxiety, or excitement that can be caused by drug use, overdose, or withdrawal. It can manifest as physical or emotional symptoms, such as pacing, sweating, or irritability.

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Metronidazole, tinidazole, and nitazoxanide are medications used to treat parasitic infections, while albendazole and mebendazole are also options for treating specific types of parasitic infections.

1. Metronidazole and tinidazole are nitroimidazole antibiotics, primarily used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and protozoan parasites. They are particularly effective against infections such as giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amoebiasis.
2. Nitazoxanide is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic medication used to treat a variety of protozoal and helminthic infections, including cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis.
3. Albendazole and mebendazole belong to the benzimidazole class of antiparasitic drugs, primarily used to treat helminthic infections such as roundworms, pinworms, and hookworms.
The choice of medication depends on the specific type of parasitic infection being treated. Metronidazole, tinidazole, and nitazoxanide are commonly used for protozoal infections, while albendazole and mebendazole are more suited for helminthic infections. Always consult a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate medication for your specific condition.

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Based on the information provided, the possible diagnosis for this 55-year-old male with a family history of colon cancer, fatigue, weight loss, and constipation could be colon cancer.

However, it is important to note that these symptoms could also be indicative of other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or even hypothyroidism. To confirm the diagnosis, the patient will need to undergo further testing, such as a colonoscopy or a stool test for blood. It is recommended that the patient consults with a doctor or a gastroenterologist to determine the underlying cause of his symptoms and receive appropriate treatment.

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Aortic dissection is a serious medical emergency that occurs when there is a tear in the inner layer of the aorta.

The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The tear causes blood to flow into the wall of the aorta, separating the layers of the artery. This can lead to decreased blood flow to vital organs, including the brain, heart, and kidneys.
Chest pain is the most common symptom of aortic dissection, and it can be sudden, severe, and tearing in nature. Other symptoms may include back pain, sweating, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, and fainting. However, chest pain can also be a symptom of other conditions, such as a heart attack, pulmonary embolism, or pneumonia.
Therefore, in order to diagnose aortic dissection as the cause of chest pain, a thorough evaluation is necessary. This may include imaging tests, such as a CT scan or MRI, to visualize the aorta and identify any tears or abnormalities. Blood tests may also be performed to check for signs of organ damage or abnormal clotting. In some cases, aortic dissection may be diagnosed through physical examination findings, such as a difference in blood pressure between the arms or a weak pulse in one of the arteries.

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Answer:

People also ask

What are three benefits of Saq training?

SAQ drills help you develop your acceleration, deceleration, reaction time, coordination, quickness, and focus. These are all skills necessary for athletic performance in all sports and physical activities and are a fabulous way to mix up your training sessions for some s-w-e-a-t

C) Judge the relative length of systole and diastole by auscultation. To determine whether a murmur is systolic or diastolic, the nurse should listen to the heart sounds and compare the timing of the murmur to the timing of the systolic and diastolic phases of the cardiac cycle.

Murmurs are abnormal heart sounds that are often heard during auscultation of the heart. Determining whether a murmur is systolic or diastolic is important in identifying the underlying pathology and guiding treatment. Systolic murmurs occur between the first and second heart sounds, during systole when the heart is contracting. Diastolic murmurs, on the other hand, occur during diastole, when the heart is relaxing and filling with blood. To distinguish between the two, the nurse should listen to the timing of the murmur in relation to the cardiac cycle. Systolic murmurs are usually heard throughout systole, whereas diastolic murmurs occur throughout diastole. Correlating the timing of the murmur with the cardiac cycle can help identify the underlying cause of the murmur and guide appropriate treatment.

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Based on the symptoms presented, the most likely diagnosis is a pituitary tumor causing hyperprolactinemia. Amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods), galactorrhea (abnormal milk secretion from the breast), visual field defects, and headaches are all symptoms associated with hyperprolactinemia caused by a pituitary tumor.

The most likely diagnosis for the 35-year-old female patient is a pituitary adenoma, specifically a prolactinoma.
A prolactinoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that produces an excessive amount of the hormone prolactin.

This overproduction can lead to amenorrhea ,galactorrhea, visual field defects, and headaches due to the tumor's size and location. To confirm this diagnosis, further tests should be conducted, such as blood tests to check prolactin levels and imaging studies like MRI to visualize the pituitary gland and detect any tumors.

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If an employee arrives at work with a sore throat and fever, they should not be allowed to handle any food items, including making salads or prepping meats and poultry.

Instead, they should be assigned tasks that do not involve direct contact with food, such as taking out the trash and mopping floors or washing and sanitizing dishes. This is important for preventing the spread of illness and ensuring the safety of customers and other employees. Additionally, the employee should be advised to seek medical attention and not return to work until they are no longer contagious. It is always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to food safety and the health of those in the workplace.

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The most likely diagnosis for a 45-year-old female presenting with dysphagia, mouth and throat pain, fatigue, and cravings for ice and clay is iron deficiency anemia.


Dysphagia, mouth and throat pain, and fatigue can all be symptoms of anemia. The craving for ice and clay, known as pica, is also a common symptom of iron deficiency anemia. Iron is needed to produce hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. Without enough iron, the body cannot produce enough hemoglobin, leading to anemia. It is important for the patient to receive a proper diagnosis and treatment plan from a healthcare provider.

Fatigue is also a common symptom of anemia, as the body lacks sufficient iron to produce enough hemoglobin for red blood cells. Cravings for non-food items like ice and clay, also known as pica, are also often linked to iron deficiency anemia.

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A TB skin test is considered positive if there is an induration, or raised area, at the site of injection after 48-72 hours.

The size of the induration is measured and interpreted based on certain criteria such as age, risk factors, and other medical conditions. It is important to note that a positive TB skin test does not necessarily mean that a person has active tuberculosis disease, but rather that they have been exposed to the bacteria that causes TB at some point in their life. Further testing such as a chest x-ray and sputum analysis may be necessary to determine if active TB disease is present.

To determine if a TB skin test is positive, you need to consider the following terms: induration, measurement, and risk factors.

Step 1: Observe the test site 48-72 hours after the test is administered. Look for a raised bump, known as induration.

Step 2: Measure the induration in millimeters (mm) using a ruler, not the redness or swelling.

Step 3: Interpret the results based on risk factors. A positive result depends on the size of induration and the individual's risk factors for TB:

- ≥5 mm induration: Positive for high-risk individuals (e.g., HIV-infected, recent TB contacts, or those with chest X-ray showing prior TB)
- ≥10 mm induration: Positive for moderate-risk individuals (e.g., immigrants from high TB prevalence countries, IV drug users, or healthcare workers)
- ≥15 mm induration: Positive for low-risk individuals with no known risk factors.

If the test is positive, further evaluation with a chest X-ray and/or sputum test may be needed to confirm a TB infection. Remember, a positive skin test indicates TB exposure, not necessarily active TB disease.

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Gloperba comes in an oral solution dosage form. An oral solutions are liquid medications that are meant to be taken by mouth and are typically used for patients who have difficulty swallowing capsules or tablets.

In the case of Gloperba, it is specifically formulated as an oral solution to treat a certain medical condition. Therefore, based on Mr. Hogan's med list, it can be concluded that he takes Gloperba in the form of an oral solution.
Gloperba comes in the form of an oral solution. Gloperba is a brand name for colchicine, which is used to treat gout. The medication is available in an oral solution, making it easier for patients to consume and adjust their dosage according to their specific needs.
Mr. Hogan has Gloperba on his med list, and this medication is available as an oral solution for the treatment of gout.

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The sudden onset of extreme apprehension or fear associated with feelings of impending doom is known as a panic attack. Panic attacks can be very debilitating and can cause physical symptoms such as rapid heart rate, sweating, shaking, and shortness of breath.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience panic attacks, as they can be a sign of an underlying medical condition such as a heart or respiratory problem. A healthcare provider may recommend medication or therapy to help manage panic attacks and reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms.
There are also self-care strategies that can help manage panic attacks, such as deep breathing exercises, mindfulness meditation, and regular exercise. It is important to learn relaxation techniques and to practice them regularly, as this can help reduce the intensity of panic attacks and improve overall mental and physical health.
In summary, sudden onset of extreme apprehension or fear associated with feelings of impending doom is a sign of a panic attack. Seeking medical attention and practicing self-care strategies can help manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.

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The diagnosis of cough and shortness of breath (SOB) can be determined through a physical exam conducted by a healthcare provider. The provider may listen to the patient's chest with a stethoscope to check for abnormal breathing sounds or wheezing, and also check for any signs of respiratory distress.

They may also ask about the duration and severity of the symptoms, as well as any other accompanying symptoms like fever or chest pain. Based on the findings of the physical exam, the healthcare provider may diagnose the patient with conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), among others. Further tests like a chest X-ray or pulmonary function tests may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment plan.

the cause of a cough and shortness of breath (SOB), a healthcare professional will typically perform a physical exam. This process may include:

1. Patient history: The healthcare professional will ask questions about the duration and characteristics of the cough and SOB, as well as any additional symptoms or relevant medical history.

2. Inspection: The healthcare provider will visually inspect the patient's chest, back, and throat to look for any abnormalities or signs of infection.

3. Palpation: The provider will gently touch the patient's chest, back, and neck to feel for any tenderness or swelling.

4. Percussion: By tapping on the chest and back, the healthcare professional can assess for any abnormalities in the lungs, such as fluid or air.

5. Auscultation: Using a stethoscope, the provider will listen to the patient's lungs and heart to identify any abnormal sounds, such as wheezing or crackles, which could indicate an issue like asthma or pneumonia.

Based on the findings of the physical exam, the healthcare professional may then order further tests or imaging studies to help determine the cause of the cough and shortness of breath and provide the appropriate treatment.

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True. Despite experiencing moderate levels of anxiety, individuals can still maintain their ability to concentrate, learn, and problem-solve.

While anxiety may make it more challenging to focus and retain information, it is not an automatic barrier to cognitive functioning. In fact, some research suggests that moderate levels of anxiety may actually enhance performance on certain tasks by increasing alertness and attention to detail. However, if anxiety becomes severe, it can impair cognitive functioning and interfere with daily activities. It is important to seek support and treatment if anxiety symptoms begin to significantly impact one's ability to function.

True, people in the moderate stage of anxiety can still concentrate, learn, and problem-solve. Although they may experience some discomfort and increased stress levels, their cognitive abilities remain functional. They can process information, make decisions, and perform tasks effectively, despite their anxiety. In some cases, moderate anxiety may even enhance focus and motivation, helping individuals overcome challenges and achieve their goals. However, if anxiety levels become too severe, it may negatively impact their cognitive functions and overall well-being.

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Based on the given information, it is possible that the 29-year-old female is suffering from depression and anxiety due to the loss of her fiancé. The symptoms of amenorrhea, palpitations, and dizziness can all be associated with psychological distress.

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation for at least three consecutive months. It can be caused by a variety of factors including stress, weight loss, and hormonal imbalances. Palpitations and dizziness can also be related to anxiety and depression. It is important for the patient to undergo a thorough evaluation to rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to her symptoms. A physical exam, blood tests, and a pelvic ultrasound may be ordered to identify any potential underlying causes. In addition to medical evaluation, the patient may also benefit from psychological counseling to address her emotional distress. Grief counseling or cognitive-behavioral therapy may help the patient process her loss and manage her anxiety and depression.

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The differential diagnosis of intracranial masses includes a variety of possibilities, such as brain tumors (benign or malignant), brain abscesses, metastatic cancer, cysts, hematomas, meningiomas, and neurofibromatosis.

Additional considerations may include vascular malformations, such as aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations, as well as autoimmune or inflammatory disorders. In order to determine the specific diagnosis, a thorough medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies (such as CT or MRI scans) may be necessary. It is important to consult with a neurologist or neurosurgeon for proper evaluation and management.
The differential diagnosis of intracranial masses includes several conditions, such as brain tumors (gliomas, meningiomas, metastases), abscesses, cysts (arachnoid, colloid, epidermoid), vascular malformations (aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations), and demyelinating disorders (multiple sclerosis). It's essential to consider these possibilities when evaluating a patient with an intracranial mass to determine the appropriate treatment and management plan.

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Netarsudil is the generic name for Rhospressa eye drops.

The active ingredient in Rhospressa eye drops is netarsudil, which works by reducing the amount of fluid in the eye and lowering intraocular pressure. While Rhospressa is the brand name, the generic name for the medication is netarsudil, which is the chemical name for the active ingredient in the medication.

Rhospressa is a brand name for eye drops containing the active ingredient Netarsudil, which is used to treat elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor, thereby lowering the pressure inside the eye.

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Answer:

A cross-training or running shoe should be worn to provide adequate shock absorption as well as adequate stability to the foot. Checking wear patterns and outer sole wear will help avoid overuse injuries. Beginning plyometric training is done in individual sessions performed in a manner similar to interval training

The term "adventitious crisis" refers to unexpected events that are beyond the control of individuals or organizations. Fires, floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes are all examples of natural disasters that can cause an adventitious crisis.

These events can have a devastating impact on communities and individuals, leading to loss of life, property damage, and displacement. Organizations must be prepared to respond to these types of crises by developing emergency plans, communicating effectively with stakeholders, and providing support to those affected.

Additionally, organizations must work to mitigate the risks associated with natural disasters by taking steps to reduce their vulnerability to these events. Overall, adventitious crises require a coordinated and proactive response from all involved parties to minimize the impact on individuals and communities.

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Otovel is the brand name for ciprofloxacin and fluocinolone otic solution.

This medication is used to treat ear infections caused by certain bacteria. The combination of ciprofloxacin and fluocinolone works by stopping the growth of bacteria and reducing inflammation in the ear. Otovel is only available with a prescription from a healthcare provider. This explanation provides a long answer to the question and includes information about the medication and how it works.

Otovel is a prescription medicine that combines ciprofloxacin (an antibiotic) and fluocinolone (a corticosteroid) in an otic solution, designed to treat bacterial ear infections and reduce inflammation in the affected area.

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Emergency medical attention is required for these symptoms as they are suggestive of acute angle-closure glaucoma. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.

Acute angle-closure glaucoma is a condition where the fluid in the eye is unable to drain, leading to a rapid increase in eye pressure. This can cause severe eye pain, tenderness to palpation, haloes around lights, reduced vision, and a hard eye to palpation compared to the other eye. The symptoms are often accompanied by severe vomiting, headache, and photophobia. This condition requires prompt medical attention to reduce eye pressure and prevent permanent vision loss.

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Considering the patient's age, painless hematuria, heavy smoking history, and occupation, the most likely diagnosis is bladder cancer.

It is essential for the patient to consult with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and appropriate management. Based on the provided information,

the most likely diagnosis for a 65-year-old male presenting with painless hematuria, heavy smoking history, and occupation as a painter is Bladder Cancer.

1. Painless hematuria: This is a common symptom of bladder cancer, indicating blood in the urine without any associated pain.

2. Heavy smoker: Smoking is a significant risk factor for bladder cancer, as it exposes the individual to harmful chemicals that can cause damage to the bladder lining.

3. Occupation as a painter: Painters are exposed to certain chemicals and substances that may increase the risk of developing bladder cancer, such as aromatic amines and solvents.

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The statement "Ventilator support in infants can lead to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)" is True.

Ventilator support in infants can lead to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease that affects premature babies who require oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation to breathe. BPD can result in scarring of the lungs, making it difficult for the baby to breathe on their own even after being weaned off the ventilator. The exact causes of BPD are not fully understood, but it is thought to be due to prolonged exposure to oxygen, high pressure from mechanical ventilation, and inflammation in the lungs. Prevention and early treatment are important in managing BPD. However, in some cases, BPD can have long-term effects on the child's respiratory health and development.


To explain, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that affects premature infants, particularly those who have received ventilator support or supplemental oxygen. The use of ventilator support can cause damage to the developing lungs, resulting in inflammation and scarring, which contribute to the development of BPD. Although not all infants receiving ventilator support will develop BPD, it is a known risk factor for the condition.

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Based on the symptoms described, the most likely diagnosis is bacterial vaginosis. It is a common vaginal infection caused by an overgrowth of bacteria in the vaginal area, which can lead to a malodorous, profuse, frothy, greenish vaginal discharge, as well as intense vaginal itching and discomfort. It is important to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Based on the symptoms described (malodorous, profuse, frothy, greenish vaginal discharge with intense vaginal itching and discomfort), the most likely diagnosis for this 35-year-old female patient is Trichomoniasis. Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.

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