The behavior where double yellow arches often bring to mind cheap fast food for people who see them while they're driving displays the sociological perspective of symbolic interaction.
In the field of sociology, symbolic interaction can be described as the way people respond to a particular thing based on the subjective meaning of the thing. Symbolic interaction is based on practical considerations of people.
In symbolic interaction, people focus on the symbols that help us in understanding the meaning of things.
In the case above, a symbol has been formed for the double yellow arches that bring cheap fast food to the people that are driving, hence this is an example of symbolic interaction.
To learn more about symbolic interaction, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/13606533
#SPJ4
Which county receives the least amount of rain each
year?
Chatham
Colquitt
Rabun
Richmond
Answer:
i haven't heard about this country before
a professional can create a personal brand using any of the following genres except group of answer choices professional bio personal statement social media profile driver's lincense neither c nor d.
d. Driver's License
What is Brand?
A brand is a product, service or concept that is publicly distinguished from other products, services or concepts so that it can be easily communicated and usually marketed. Branding is the process of creating and disseminating the brand name, its qualities and personality.
Branding is important because not only is it what makes a memorable impression on consumers but it allows your customers and clients to know what to expect from your company. It is a way of distinguishing yourself from the competitors and clarifying what it is you offer that makes you the better choice.
The Three Types of Branding
A corporation or company brand.A product brand.A personal brand.To learn more about Branding from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/24456504
#SPJ4
To what extent has the Canadian government attempted to reconcile the imperialist policy of slavery? Do you believe reconciliation has been achieved?
The Canadian government has attempted to carry a reconciliation of the imperialist policy of slavery by the way of establishing bilateral mechanism and co-develop policies. Reconciliation has not been achieved completely.
What is the significance of the imperialist policies?According to the steps taken by the Canadian government, there has been a serious undergoing of the reconciliation of the imperialist policy of slavery.
By entering into agreements with First Nations, the Canadian government has able to reach a high extent in the process of reconciliation, although it still has to be achieved in full.
Therefore, the significance regarding imperialist policies has been aforementioned.
Learn more about imperialist policies here:
https://brainly.com/question/7729601
#SPJ1
janet has heard several news reports about assaults near her workplace. now, when she leaves work late and is walking to her car alone, everyone she passes seems to look dangerous. what tendency does this demonstrate?
Janet has heard several news reports about assaults near her workplace. now, when she leaves work late and is walking to her car alone, everyone she passes seems to look dangerous. This demonstrates Selective Perception.
Selective perception can refer to a variety of psychological cognitive biases that have to do with how expectations influence perception. People often fail to recognize their own biases, but they are quick to recognize (and even overestimate) the operation of prejudice in other people's judgment. A variety of cognitive, perceptual, and motivational biases impair human judgment and decision making.
Perceptual vigilance, which is referred to as the low level of selective perception, is the process by which an individual observes and identifies the stimuli that may be, to some extent, meaningful to him. Contrarily, perceptual defense refers to an individual's attempt to erect a wall between himself and the stimuli in order to shield himself from being aware of it.
Learn more about Psychology here:
https://brainly.com/question/12011520
#SPJ1
Recently a family from virginia received the keys to their new 3d printed home. The 3d printer that manufactured this home is primarily a ________ innovation.
Now, Habitat for Humanity has finished building its first 3D-printed house in Williamsburg, Virginia, utilizing automated computer technology and a unique concrete mix.
What does a 3D-printed house serve?
By enabling quicker, more affordable, and more sustainable home construction, 3D-printed houses are transforming the construction business. A tiny home's foundation and walls may be printed using 3D printers in under 24 hours for a fraction of the price of conventional building.
Can I buy a house that was 3D printed in Virginia?
(WWBT) - On the south side of the city, the first 3D-printed house in Richmond was unveiled. On Thursday, the neighborhood learned about the three-bedroom, two-bathhouse on Carnation Street. The outer walls were composed of printed concrete rather than wooden.
To learn more about 3D-printed from the given link.
https://brainly.com/question/24900619
#SPJ4
What generalizations can you make about the political experience of those who took part in the convention?.
The generalizations about the political experience of participants in the Constitutional Convention are that they understand the importance of political compromise and dialogue to strengthen the federal government.
Throughout the constitutional convention, the opinion of delegates about how the government should preserve the union was revised.
Shay's Rebellion made members realized how weak articles of confederation were and federal government had no strength over the states.
During the constitutional convention, all the delegates discussed and shared their opinion about how the union can be saved with dialogue and political compromise.
Dialogue proved to be effective to resolve issues during the convention.
See a similar question about constitutional convention here:
https://brainly.com/question/14018105
#SPJ4
much of what we learn about people's thoughts or feelings comes not through listening to their words but through observing their body language and other behaviors. body language is an example of what kind of communication?
Based on types of communication strategy, it is concluded that body language is an example of Non-Verbal Communication
What is Nonverbal Communication?Nonverbal Communication is a term that is used to describe the mode of passing information or message through the use of nonverbal means like eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture, and body language.
There are various elements of nonverbal communication, these include the following:
Facial expressionBody GestureEye communicationBody PostureParalanguageProxemicsBody movementHapticsKinesicsBody languageEyeEmotionPitchWritten communicationThere are several functions of Nonverbal communication. These include the following:
To reinforce a statement or action.For making substitutions of objects or things. For showing contradiction towards the situationTo prove or show accentuation to things.To provide regulation to situations or conditionThe opposite of Nonverbal Communication is a Verbal Communication.
Some other categories of communication include the following:Visual communicationWritten communicationInterpersonal communicationMass communicationComputer-mediated communicationHence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is Nonverbal Communication.
Learn more about Nonverbal Communication here: https://brainly.com/question/25239364
#SPJ1
The idea that man was capable of discovering the secrets of the universe and gaining greater understanding of God's plan for them is known as the _______________________________.
1. Age of Enlightenment
2. The Log College
3. Methodist
4. Calvinism
Answer: 1. Age of Enlightenment
2. The Log College
Explanation:
One of those.
in bk. ii of de anima, aristotle discusses the nutritive and sensory powers of soul. in his view, there is an order to the powers of soul, from that which all living beings share to the powers shared by all animals to the distinctive power of the human soul (which depend, in very important ways, on the powers humans and non-human animals share). according to aristotle, what are the powers of soul that humans share with non-human animals?
By outlining the three distinguishing capacities of the soul—nutrition, perception, and intellect—Aristotle defines the soul and provides an explanation for how living things behave. He goes on to explain additional talents like movement and creativity using these three core skills.
In the De anima, Aristotle describes three primary types of souls (nutritive, sensitive-locomotive, and rational), which correspond to plants, animals, and people.
Aristotle defined a soul as "the actuality of a body that possesses life," where "life" is defined as the ability to sustain oneself, grow, and reproduce. The soul is the form of a natural or, as Aristotle sometimes puts it, an organic body if one views a living thing as a combination of matter and form.
To learn more about Aristotle
https://brainly.com/question/5399979
#SPJ4
according to the weber-fechner law, when the change in a stimulus is small in proportion to the original stimulus, the perceived size of the change will be
The perceived size of the change will be small if the stimulus is small in proportion.
What is the Weber-Fechner law?
Weber's law and Fechner's law, two related hypotheses in the study of psychophysics, are collectively referred to as the Weber-Fechner laws. Both rules apply to how people perceive things, and more particularly, how they relate when a physical stimulus actually changes and how that change is perceived. All of the senses' stimuli—vision, hearing, taste, touch, and smell—are included in this.
Fechner's law is a derivation from Weber's law (with additional assumptions), which states that the intensity of our sensation increases as the logarithm of an increase in energy rather than as rapidly as the increase. Weber's law states that "the minimum increase of stimulus which will produce a perceptible increase of sensation is proportional to the pre-existent stimulus," whereas Fechner's law is an inference from Weber's law (with additional assumptions) that states that "the minimum increase.
Gustav Theodor Fechner developed both Weber's law and Fechner's law (1801–1887). They appeared for the first time in 1860's Elemente der Psychophysik (Elements of Psychophysics). The word "psychophysics" was initially used by Fechner to designate the interdisciplinary study of how people perceive physical magnitudes in this article, which was the first effort in the discipline. [2] In his words, "Psycho-physics is a precise doctrine of the relation of function or dependence between body and spirit."
To learn more about the Weber-Fechner law from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/14225950
#SPJ4
according to the weber-fechner law, when the change in a stimulus is small in proportion to the original stimulus, the perceived size of the change will be
if joe smith, a registered republican voter, is allowed to vote in the democratic primary, he must live in a state that uses which type of primary system?
Joe Smith must live in a state that uses open primary system.
What is open primary system?
In an open primary, voters can cast their ballots for partisan candidates without having to be members of a particular political party. In a conventional open primary, participants can choose one party's ballot and cast their votes for that party's nomination. The candidate with the most votes from each party moves on to the main election, just like in a closed primary (when only members of a political party are allowed to vote). All candidates are listed on the same ballot in a nonpartisan blanket primary, and regardless of party affiliation, the top two vote-getters advance to the runoff election.
A partisan blanket primary was earlier deemed unlawful in 2000, but the Supreme Court of the United States upheld the constitutionality of this system in Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party in 2008[1]. [2] Supporters of open primaries point out that voters can make their own decisions, fostering the idea that the existence of different political parties does not fragment or weaken the election process.
To learn more about open primary system from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/14367933
#SPJ4
if joe smith, a registered republican voter, is allowed to vote in the democratic primary, he must live in a state that uses which type of primary system?
gestures, signs, signals, and even words that help people understand the world around them by expressing understandable meanings within the society are called
Gestures, signs, signals, and even words that help people understand the world around them by expressing understandable meanings within the society are called symbols.
A gesture is a form of nonverbal communication in which physical signals is used to express or convey information. Gestures include movements of the hands, face, and body, and can be used to communicate emotions, intentions, or thoughts.
People use gestures to supplement or replace verbal communication, and can do so in any communication context, including face-to-face, online, and in public settings. Gestures can be used to expressing a wide range of messages, including requests, commands, warnings, invitations, and warnings.
To know more about gestures, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/12115354
#SPJ4
the fact that some children in middle childhood care for younger children, others do housework, some use power tools, and others are supervised for everything represents:
The fact that some children in middle childhood care for younger children, others do housework, some use power tools, and others are supervised for everything represents: cohort and context changes.
What is cohort and context changes?cohort and context changes can be described as the variation that can be seen among different groups which is usually as a result of the unique experience as ell as the exposure that can be attribute to this group.
It should be noted that the context can be seen in the act that is been found among the group of young children that are trying to do one or two things in their home, this an be some homework that is seen given to them by their parent and some of these children will have a better way to this work while some will struggle to do the work.
Read more about children at:
https://brainly.com/question/25575570
#SPJ1
The _______________ division of the nervous system is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
autonomic nervous system is the division of nervous system .
What is automatic nervous system?
The peripheral nervous system's autonomic nervous system controls physiological functions that are carried out automatically, such as digestion, blood pressure, breathing, and sexual desire. Sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric are its three physically separate divisions.
Both afferent and efferent fibers are found in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which, respectively, provide the central nervous system with sensory input and motor output (CNS). A postganglionic neuron with a cell body in the periphery that innervates target tissues and a preganglionic neuron with a cell body in the CNS make up the majority of the SNS and PNS motor pathways. The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a large, web-like structure that may operate separately from the rest of the nervous system .
to learn more about automatic nervous system about :
https://brainly.com/question/4143211
#SPJ4
rebecca has taken other boot camps and ha done her research on otf, and looking forward to trying us out. she wants to look good and show definition in her amrs. super excited about class and took a quick selfie. what is her persona?
System for Automatic Reporting of Merchant Shipping. AMRS. Merchant Reporting System in Automation. The template format known as OFT (Outlook File Template) enables delivering messages with constant or routine information from message to message.
It is also a great substitute for closed corporate email systems that disapprove of the use of hosted image content.
Rebecca has attended previous boot camps, has researched otf, and is eager to try us out. She wants her amrs to look attractive and have definition. I snapped a fast selfie since I was so eager about class. Who is she in real life?
Personas aid designers in developing empathy with and understanding of end consumers. Designers can: Take on the user's perspective by using personas. Design professionals can take risks by creating user persona of others and acknowledge that everyone has unique needs and aspirations.
To learn more about Persona refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/1674244
#SPJ1
which term is not used to refer to the additional writings contained in the catholic old testament that are absent in the protestant old testament? group of answer choices second canon the apocrypha deuterocanonical the catholic epistles
Sirach, Wisdom, Tobit, 1 Maccabees, Judith, additions to Daniel, and Esther are special Bible books that contain harrowing tales of family, prayer, and the resurrection.
What is the name of the Catholic Old Testament?
The Douay-Rheims Bible is the English version of the definitive Roman Catholic Bible. The Douay-Rheims Version of the Holy Bible, which is also referred to as the Rheims–Douai Bible or Douai Bible and is abbreviated as D–R, is a direct English translation of the Latin Vulgate of St.
Baruch, Judith, 1 and 2 Maccabees, Sirach, Tobit, and Wisdom are the seven books in the Catholic Bible that are not included in the Protestant Old Testament. The deuterocanonical books are the names given to these books.
Learn more about Catholic Bible here:
https://brainly.com/question/1261467
#SPJ4
which sociological perspective(s) is (are) especially interested in ascribed statuses, because they often confer privileges or reflect a person's membership in a subordinate group?
The sociological perspective is Conflict perspective.
What is Sociological perspective?
Sociological perspective is a method to comprehending human behavior that places it within a larger societal framework is known as the sociological perspective.
The sociological perspective, according to C. Wright Mills, is where history and biography (about the individual) meet (social factors that influence the individual).
To learn more about sociological perspective from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/9703984
#SPJ4
Take Note
Could Wolbachia evolve and become
able to counter the resistance built up
by the butterflies? What do you think?
Butterflies evolve resistance to male-killing bacteria in record time Wolbachia has an easy route of infection and is able to develop resistance.
How did the Blue Moon butterfly adapt?
The female blue moon butterfly, or, Hypolimnas bolina, has adapted by becoming more promiscuous. Scientists have discovered that male blue moon butterflies (Hypolimnas bolina) on the Samoan island of Savaii developed resistance to the selectively male-killing bacteria Wolbachia within 10 generations that spanned less than a year, in one of the fastest examples of evolutionary adaptation ever seen. Many people believe that a butterfly's blue colour represents happiness, colour, or a shift in luck. A blue butterfly is occasionally said to grant wishes.
To know more about Wolbachia click on the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/7292082
#SPJ13
tina is a follower of a religion that emphasizes that individuals should be judged solely by their spiritual achievements. the caste she belongs to is of the highest order in her religion, and hence is highly respected. she also firmly believes that she was born into the high caste as a result of her spiritual development in her previous life. tina is a follower of
As Tina believes in a previous life, Tina is a follower of Hinduism.
In the religion of Hinduism, people are differentiated into different castes and their status or respect is maintained by the judgment of their classes.
In Hinduism, it is also believed that there are around seven lives that an organism has to live and in each life, you are born as a different character.
In the case of Tina, as she believes that you have been born into a high caste due to being highly spiritual in her previous life makes us realize that Tina follows the religion of Hinduism.
To learn more about Hinduism, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/457095
#SPJ4
ensuring that respondents may elect not to take part or participate in a research project is a common ethical code practice. this code falls into the category of: fair dealings with clients and subcontractors. maintaining research integrity. concern for society. fair dealings with respondents.
The code of ensuring that respondents may elect not to take part or participate in a research project falls into the category of fair dealings with respondents.
While taking data from respondents for research, the researcher needs to be careful about the various ethical codes for the respondents.
According to the ethical code practice related to the fair dealing of respondents, it should be ensured that the names or any information about respondents who want to preserve their privacy shall not be mentioned.
The researcher should mention in his questionnaire whether the information about the respondents will be revealed or not and let the respondents decide if they want to be a part of the research or not.
To learn more about ethical code, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/27397986
#SPJ4
john, a counseling intern, has been seeing ann, a client for several months. both begin to develop feelings for each other so john terminates his counseling relationship with ann and refers her to another counselor. he then begins pursuing a romantic relationship with ann. this would be considered
This would be considered a violation of the ACA Code of Ethics when John begins pursuing a romantic relationship with ann, his former client.
ACA(American Counseling Association) code of ethics provides systematic rules and regulations for counselors while they're on duty in order to maintain the values of the profession.
ACA code of ethics mentioned the responsibility of counselors towards their clients and strictly prohibited any sexual or romantic relationship with present or former clients as in dual relationships, romantic counselor-client interactions or relationships with former clients are prohibited for a period of 5 years from the date of their last counseling together.
Therefore, in order to maintain a client-counselor relationship, certain boundaries need to be formed.
To know more about the ACA Code of Ethics, follow the below link:
https://brainly.com/question/28205528
#SPJ4
Which two of the following statements are true of minority rights?
The minority frequently make decisions that affect the majority.
Majority rule always balances with minority rights.
Constitutional amendments have been added to protect minorities.
The Bill of Rights protects the rights of all US citizens.
The statements correct about minority rights are "Constitutional amendments have been added to protect minorities and The Bill of Rights protects the rights of all US citizens."
In a democracy, majority rule is the belief that the group with the most members has the most political power in a country and may make binding decisions, whereas minority rights are protected rights enjoyed by everyone, including individuals who do not believe themselves to be part of the majority.Language rights, land claims, religious exemptions, mandated participation in legislative or advisory bodies, and different types of geographical or cultural autonomy are examples of minority rights.It is critical to respect the ideas of everyone, not just the majority, minority, or even a single man, because everyone has a different perspective on everything. Some individuals are optimistic, therefore depending on the situation, they may be in the majority or the minority.Thus the correct answer is Option C and D.
Refer here to learn more about minority rights: https://brainly.com/question/10110397
#SPJ1
which of the following is a difference between romantic and long-term love? group of answer choices long-term love is altruistic whereas romantic love is often self-centered. long-term love involves playfulness and is more effortless whereas romantic love is not. romantic love is demanding whereas long-term love is not. romantic love involves compassion and commitment whereas long-term love does not.
The following is a distinction between romantic and long-term love: romantic love is frequently self-centered, but long-term love is altruistic.
Altruism is the moral precept and action of caring about the happiness and/or welfare of other people or animals, leading to a higher quality of physical and spiritual existence. It is regarded as a traditional virtue in many altruistic cultures and a fundamental component of many religious and nonreligious worldviews. The topic(s) of concern, however, varies between cultures and religions. Altruism can, in some cases, be synonymous with selflessness, which is the antithesis of selfishness.
The French philosopher Auguste Comte popularized (and may have even originated) the word "altruism" as an alternative to egoism, under self-centered the name altruisme. He got it from the Italian word altrui, which came from the Latin word alteri, which means "other people" or "someone else."
Learn more about altruistic here
https://brainly.com/question/23861253
#SPJ4
hormonal changes, life demands, and body dissatisfaction are all reasons to explain why: a. younger children have higher rates of depression than do older children. b. children of all ages have higher rates of depression than adults. c. postpubertal girls have higher rates of depression than postpubertal boys. d. depression rates are higher than anxiety rates in children.
Hormonal changes, life demands, and body dissatisfaction are all reasons to postpubertal girls have higher rates of depression than postpubertal boys.
What are hormonal changes?Changes in your hormone levels may be to blame. The way your cells and organs work is affected by hormones, which are chemical "messengers". It's typical for them to fluctuate in levels throughout your life, like as before and during a period, a pregnancy, or menopause.
Your endocrine system, which is made up of glands all over your body that create hormones, can be altered by conditions like thyroid disease, diabetes, and even stress. Environmental pollutants that have an impact on the endocrine system might occasionally also be the cause of hormone variations.
What are hormonal changes in female?Bloating, weight gain, exhaustion, mood changes, and temperature spikes are just a few of the numerous signs and symptoms of hormone imbalance in women. Unbalanced hormone levels might sometimes result in missed or delayed periods.
To learn more about hormonal changes visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14551145
#SPJ14
mina's teacher expected her to be a troublemaker like her older brother and treated her with suspicion. despite this, mina did very well in the class. which piece of research on self-fulfilling prophecies is relevant?
If despite this, mina did very well in the class. which piece of research on self-fulfilling prophecies is relevant is: Self fulfilling prophecies does not occur in the classroom, but rather they are only one of many influences on student achievement.
What is Self-fulfilling prophecy?Self-fulfilling prophecy can be defined as the way in which they way a person expected or another person to behave actually comes to reality.
This scenario best illustrate what is called self - fulfilling prophecy based on the fact Self fulfilling prophecies tend to not occur in the classroom, but it instead it tend to have an influences on student achievement.
Therefore the scenario is an example of Self-fulfilling prophecy.
Learn more about Self-fulfilling prophecy here: https://brainly.com/question/25886182
#SPJ1
sources of error during test administration may include which of the following? i. environmental factors ii. test administrator's behavior iii. test administration procedures iv. the purpose of the test
The sources of error during a test administration may include the following:
1. Environmental factors2. Test administrator's behavior3. Test administration procedures.What do we call a test administration?We can defined a test administration as the range of activities from procurement of secure assessment materials through the return of secure assessment materials to the Department or its agent
In education, a test administration entails some procedures which are developed for an exam program in order to help reduce measurement error and to increase the likelihood of fair, valid, and reliable assessment. Specifically, the appropriate standardized procedures helps to improve measurement by increasing consistency and test security.
Read more about test administration
brainly.com/question/28732992
#SPJ1
the government has decided to give governmental grants to community colleges that offer job training for individuals who have recently been laid off due to their outmoded skills. the government is trying to reduce the level of
Through these policies, the government is trying to reduce structural unemployment in society.
what are structural unemployment and its cause?
Long-term unemployment brought on by changes in the economy is known as structural unemployment.
- Even while there are open positions, there is a mismatch between what employers require and what the current workforce can provide.
- Long-term structural unemployment typically requires significant reform to reverse.
- Technology has a tendency to make structural unemployment worse by marginalising some employees and making some occupations, like manufacturing, obsolete.
Cause:
Addition than the business cycle, other factors contribute to structural unemployment. This implies that structural unemployment can persist for decades and that drastic change may be required to address the issue. If structural unemployment is not addressed, it can raise the natural rate of unemployment, commonly referred to as the unemployment rate, long after a recession has ended.
To find out more about the unemployment go to the link given below:-
https://brainly.com/question/305041
#SPJ4
Interest groups are concerned with the ________ of government, while political parties are concerned with the ________ of government.
Political parties are interested with the persons of government, whereas interest groups are concerned with its policies.
Three fundamental tasks are carried out by interest groups: membership support, policy formulation, and advocacy.
What distinguishes political parties from other organizations?
Political parties differ from other political organizations and clubs, such as political factions or interest groups, primarily by their emphasis on choosing candidates as opposed to interest groups' emphasis on pursuing a policy agenda.
Political parties differ from other groups in what ways, Brainly?
Political parties and interest groups are associations of individuals with comparable worldviews. In contrast to interest groups, which have a smaller emphasis and don't take part in elections, political parties concentrate on a wider range of problems and seek to win power through the democratic process.
To learn more about Political parties from the given link.
https://brainly.com/question/633543
#SPJ4
simone is taking a history class. the exams focus on events and dates. after each class, she draws time lines and plots the events covered in the lecture using key words. based on this information, which kind of learner is simone?
Answer:read/ write
Explanation:
Simone is a visual learner. So after the history class to learn and understand events and dates the of history class she draws time lines and plots the events using the key works. In a visual learning, a person prefers to use graphs, maps and images to understand the information.
What is a visual learning?Visual learning is a type of learning style in which students prefer to use images, graphics, colors and maps to communicate ideas and thoughts. Visual learners must see information in order to learn it. These learners are likely to have a photographic memory and may use color, tone and brightness to recall information.
The visual learning refers to a mode of learning where students rely on graphic aids to remember and learn material. Visual learners can easily visualize objects, have a great sense of balance and alignment, are very color-oriented and can effortlessly envision imagery.
The visual learning style, often referred to as the Spatial Learning style, is a way of learning in which information is associated with images. This learning style requires that learners first see what they are expected to know. People with a visual learning style are often referred to as visual-spatial learners.
Learn more about Visual Learning here:
https://brainly.com/question/517602
#SPJ2
1....Give one reason why sunglasses are translucent?
Explanation: It allows light to pass through but not too much so you can still see. Most of the light is reflected and some passes through