Using the contribution margin, the product mix that yields the highest total profit is not feasible as it results in a negative profit of -$126,520.
What product mix yields the highest total profit?To determine the product mix that yields the highest total profit using the traditional method, we need to calculate the contribution margin per unit for each product first. The contribution margin is calculated as the difference between the selling price and the variable cost per unit. In this case, the variable cost includes only the material cost, as labor is considered a fixed cost.
Modal A:
Contribution margin = selling price - variable cost
= $440 - $40
= $400
Modal B:
Contribution margin = selling price - variable cost
= $365 - $45
= $320
Modal C:
Contribution margin = selling price - variable cost
= $480 - $110
= $370
Next, we need to calculate the weekly contribution margin for each product by multiplying the contribution margin per unit by the weekly demand.
Modal A:
Weekly contribution margin = contribution margin per unit x weekly demand
= $400 x 90
= $36,000
Modal B:
Weekly contribution margin = contribution margin per unit x weekly demand
= $320 x 68
= $21,760
Modal C:
Weekly contribution margin = contribution margin per unit x weekly demand
= $370 x 36
= $13,320
Finally, we need to calculate the total profit for each product mix by subtracting the fixed costs (overhead and labor) from the total contribution margin.
Modal A + B + C:
Total contribution margin = $36,000 + $21,760 + $13,320
= $71,080
Total fixed costs = overhead + (number of workers x hours worked x hourly rate)
= $25,000 + (10 x 18 x 6 x 28)
= $197,600
Total profit = Total contribution margin - Total fixed costs
= $71,080 - $197,600
= -$126,520
Therefore, using the traditional method, the product mix that yields the highest total profit is not feasible as it results in a negative profit of -$126,520.
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Modal A has the highest total contribution margin of $19,440, so it is the product that yields the highest total profit using the traditional method.
How did we get the assertion?To determine the product mix that yields the highest total profit using the traditional method, we need to calculate the contribution margin for each product first. The contribution margin is calculated as the difference between the selling price and the variable cost per unit.
For modal A:
Contribution margin = $440 - $40 - (66 + 11 + 22) x $28 = $440 - $40 - $5184 = $216
For modal B:
Contribution margin = $365 - $45 - (68 + 33) x $28 = $365 - $45 - $2852 = $68
For modal C:
Contribution margin = $480 - $110 - (36 + 44) x $28 = $480 - $110 - $2912 = $458
Now we can calculate the total contribution margin for each product by multiplying the contribution margin by the weekly demand.
For modal A:
Total contribution margin = $216 x 90 = $19,440
For modal B:
Total contribution margin = $68 x 68 = $4,624
For modal C:
Total contribution margin = $458 x 36 = $16,488
The product mix that yields the highest total profit is the one that has the highest total contribution margin. In this case, modal A has the highest total contribution margin of $19,440, so it is the product that yields the highest total profit using the traditional method.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. Leon is the creative director for an agency that has just been hired by a manufacturer of golfing equipment to create a new advertising campaign for the company's titanium clubs. Before developing any creative ideas, Leon reads some golfing magazines and spends time talking to friends and co-workers who play golf. These activities are part of the _____ step of the creative process outlined by Graham Wallas.
Answer: Preparation
Explanation:
I'm smart
Leon is the creative director for an agency that has just been hired by a manufacturer of golfing equipment to create a new advertising campaign for the company's titanium clubs. Before developing any creative ideas, Leon reads some golfing magazines and spends time talking to friends and co-workers who play golf. These activities are part of the preparation step of the creative process outlined by Graham Wallas.
According to Wallas, the creative process consists of four steps: preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification. The activities that Leon is doing before developing any creative ideas for the advertising campaign are part of the preparation step of the creative process outlined by Graham Wallas.
In the preparation step, the individual gathers information and resources related to the problem or task at hand. This can include reading materials, talking to others, and doing research. The goal of this step is to build a foundation of knowledge and understanding that can be used to generate creative ideas according to Graham Wallas.
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Uppose roy has $1000 to invest. Explain what he should do with his money and what is the expected amount that he will obtain after one year (note that by convention the return is calculated for one year
Roy should invest $600 in a stock fund and $400 in a bond fund. His expected return after one year is $1025.
Roy has several options to invest his money. He can choose to invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or other investment instruments. Each investment has its own risks and potential returns.
If Roy is willing to take higher risks, he may choose to invest in stocks, which have a higher potential return, but also a higher risk of loss. On the other hand, if he prefers lower risk, he may choose to invest in bonds or other fixed-income instruments, which offer a lower potential return but have a lower risk of loss.
Assuming that Roy chooses to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds, with a mix of 60% stocks and 40% bonds, his expected return after one year would be around 6-8%.
Therefore, Roy should carefully consider his investment goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon before making any investment decisions.
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We need to acquire 5000 additional monthly active customers (Textile Manufacturers) and 2000 additional monthly active suppliers (Cotton Yarn Manufacturers, Agents, Traders, and Brokers) in the upcoming quarter. Our Marketing team has to build a channel-wise targeting strategy to push our value proposition that we are the go-to platform to get the best rates for our buyers and at the same time we enable our suppliers to gain access to a far greater market size via our platform than they could have earlier. In light of our value proposition, the strategy should address the following questions: 1. What should be the theme of our campaign? 2. What channels would we use to target the respective audiences? 3. What would be the estimated budget required for the quarter? (Please define all line items) 4. What would be the Cost per Impression (Buyer and Supplier), Cost per Acquisition (Buyer and Supplier), Cost per Active User (Buyer and Supplier – 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days) *Please provide a funnel view of the above Submission Guidelines:
It is required to submit a strategy plan presentation that covers the above-mentioned questions along with a week-wise campaign calendar for the quarter.
The theme of your campaign should be focused on your value proposition: the go-to platform to get the best rates for buyers, and enabling suppliers to gain access to a far greater market size.
To reach your target audience, you should use a combination of online and offline channels, such as search engine marketing, email, SMS, print and radio campaigns.
The estimated budget should include line items such as media buying, content creation, platform/tool costs, salaries, marketing technology, and other costs.
The cost per impression (buyers and suppliers), cost per acquisition (buyers and suppliers), and cost per active user (buyers and suppliers for 30, 60, and 90 days) should be calculated for each channel.
Finally, a strategy plan presentation should be created that covers the above-mentioned questions and a week-wise campaign calendar for the quarter.
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company a makes an upfront investment of $3m to launch development of a new product line. after 2 years of development, the company must invest $2m to setup a production line for the new product. sales will last for 10 years. first year sales are expected to be $1m. they will grow at 25% per year for the next 4 years and then decline at 25% per year for the final 5 years. using an interest rate of 10%, what this the npv for this project?
When company a makes an upfront investment of $3m to launch the development of a new product line then -$6.082 million is the net present value (NPV) of the project.
The upfront investment refers to the costs a company has to bear before starting the business or new product development.
The given problem can be solved using the following steps.
Step 1: Calculate annual sales for 10 years
Sales in the first year = $1 million
Sales will grow at 25% for the next four years, which is calculated as:
Year 2: $1 million x 1.25 = $1.25 million
Year 3: $1.25 million x 1.25 = $1.5625 million
Year 4: $1.5625 million x 1.25 = $1.953125 million
Year 5: $1.953125 million x 1.25 = $2.44140625 million
Sales will decline by 25% for the final five years, which is calculated as:
Year 6: $2.44140625 million x 0.75 = $1.83105469 million
Year 7: $1.83105469 million x 0.75 = $1.37329052 million
Year 8: $1.37329052 million x 0.75 = $1.02996789 million
Year 9: $1.02996789 million x 0.75 = $0.772475918 million
Year 10: $0.772475918 million x 0.75 = $0.579356939 million
Step 2: Calculate the cash flows, the cash flow for each year is the difference between the sales revenue and the investment made, which is calculated as:
Year 0: -$3 million
Year 1: $1 million - $2 million = -$1 million
Year 2: $1.25 million - $2 million = -$0.75 million
Year 3: $1.5625 million - $2 million = -$0.4375 million
Year 4: $1.953125 million - $2 million = -$0.046875 million
Year 5: $2.44140625 million - $2 million = $0.44140625 million
Year 6: $1.83105469 million - $2 million = -$0.16894531 million
Year 7: $1.37329052 million - $2 million = -$0.62670948 million
Year 8: $1.02996789 million - $2 million = -$0.97003211 million
Year 9: $0.772475918 million - $2 million = -$1.22752408 million
Year 10: $0.579356939 million - $2 million = -$1.42064306 million
Step 3: Calculate the present value of each cash flow can be calculated using the formula PV = CF / (1+r)t
Where PV is the present value,
CF is the cash flow, r is the interest rate and t is the time period in years.
Year 0: PV = -$3 million / (1+0.1)0 = -$3 million
Year 1: PV = -$1 million / (1+0.1)1 = -$0.909 million
Year 2: PV = -$0.75 million / (1+0.1)2 = -$0.620 million
Year 3: PV = -$0.4375 million / (1+0.1)3 = -$0.310 million
Year 4: PV = -$0.046875 million / (1+0.1)4 = -$0.029 million
Year 5: PV = $0.44140625 million / (1+0.1)5 = $0.248 million
Year 6: PV = -$0.16894531 million / (1+0.1)6 = -$0.085 million
Year 7: PV = -$0.62670948 million / (1+0.1)7 = -$0.309 million
Year 8: PV = -$0.97003211 million / (1+0.1)8 = -$0.437 million
Year 9: PV = -$1.22752408 million / (1+0.1)9 = -$0.504 million
Year 10: PV = -$1.42064306 million / (1+0.1)10 = -$0.509 million
Step 4: Add the present values of all cash flows to get the net present value (NPV)NPV = Sum of PV = -$6.082 million. Therefore, the net present value (NPV) of the project is -$6.082 million.
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A will is a way to:
A. give others your advance directives for
extreme medical cases.
B. tell others of your preferences for medical
treatment.
C. give others some of your assets while
you're still alive.
O D. tell others of your wishes for your property
after your death.
ITS D
For the past several years, Bill Reynolds has retained accountant Chelsea Jones for help in preparing his personal income tax forms. Bill's boss recommended Chelsea because she had done a good job setting up the company's new accounting system. Bill is very satisfied with Chelsea's work and feels that the fees she charges are quite reasonable. Chelsea would be classified as a(n):
Chelsea Jones would be classified as a service provider, specifically an accountant or tax preparer.
As per the given information, Bill Reynolds has retained Chelsea for help in preparing his personal income tax forms, which indicates that Chelsea provides accounting and tax preparation services to her clients.
It is also mentioned that Bill's boss recommended Chelsea based on her successful work in setting up the company's new accounting system. This indicates that Chelsea has a background in accounting and financial management, and has the knowledge and expertise required to provide accounting and tax services to individuals and businesses.
Overall, Chelsea's role is to provide professional accounting and tax services to her clients, and help them manage their financial affairs in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
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group of answer choices (a) the prices are reasonable. (b) the store is too far out of town. (c) he would like the woman to repeat what she said. (d) he agrees with the woman.
The statement "the prices are reasonable" is the group of answer choices that is a relevant and appropriate answer to this question. The most appropriate option among the group of answer choices provided in the question is "the prices are reasonable" as it is relevant and appropriate to the given question.
The reason being that it is not clear what the woman said, whether she is in agreement or disagreement with what the man said, or how far the store is from town, and hence, these options are not the most appropriate for this question.
The option "he agrees with the woman" is not an appropriate answer to the question because it is unclear what the woman said, so it is impossible to determine if he agrees with her or not.
The option "he would like the woman to repeat what she said" is not an appropriate answer to the question because it is unclear what the woman said, so it is impossible to determine if he wants her to repeat it or not.
The option "the store is too far out of town" is not an appropriate answer to the question because it does not address the price of the product or service offered by the store. Hence, the most appropriate answer to the question is "the prices are reasonable".
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a budget committee needs to reach a decision which results in commitment from all of the members. which decision making method would best enable them to meet this goal?
The best decision-making method for a budget committee to reach a decision that results in commitment from all of the members is the consensus-based approach.
his method requires all members of the budget committee to reach a unanimous decision. It is a participatory decision-making process that encourages members to collaborate and negotiate, focusing on a common goal and objective. This method allows all members to express their opinions and be heard, giving everyone an equal say in the decision-making process. Additionally, this approach ensures that the commitment of all members is obtained, as every member must agree to the decision before it is accepted.
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on february 3, smart company sold merchandise in the amount of $2,300 to kennedy company, with credit terms of 2/10, n/30. the cost of the items sold is $1,590. smart uses the perpetual inventory system and the gross method. kennedy pays the invoice on february 8 and takes the appropriate discount. the journal entry that smart makes on february 8 is:
The credit terms of 2/10, n/30 means that if Kennedy pays within 10 days, they can take a 2% discount, otherwise the full amount is due within 30 days. Kennedy paid within the discount period, so they can deduct 2% from the total amount due.
The first step is to calculate the amount of the discount. The total amount due is $2,300, but since Kennedy took the discount, they only owe 98% of that amount, or $2,254. The discount is therefore $46 ($2,300 - $2,254).
The journal entry that Smart makes on February 8 would be:
Debit: Cash $2,254
Credit: Accounts Receivable - Kennedy Company $2,300
Credit: Sales Discounts $46
Credit: Inventory - Cost of Goods Sold $1,590
Credit: Sales Revenue $710
The first two lines reflect the cash received from Kennedy and the reduction of the Accounts Receivable balance. The third line represents the Sales Discounts account, which is a contra-revenue account that is credited for the amount of the discount given. The fourth line represents the reduction in the Inventory - Cost of Goods Sold account, which reflects the cost of the items sold. Finally, the fifth line represents the revenue earned from the sale, which is the selling price of $2,300 minus the discount of $46 and the cost of goods sold of $1,590.
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T/F. Strong rivalry in an industry increases the profit potential for all firms because consumers have many firms from which to purchase products or services and can make at least part of their purchasing decisions based on prices.
The given statement "Strong rivalry in an industry increases the profit potential for all firms because consumers have many firms from which to purchase products or services and can make at least part of their purchasing decisions based on prices." is True.
Strong rivalry in an industry increases profit potential for all firms because it creates competition which encourages firms to offer better prices, improved products and services, and increased customer satisfaction.
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cindy buys a 10-year certain annuity with an installment refund. after receiving monthly payments for 5 years, cindy dies. how many remaining payments will the insurer make to her beneficiary?
The beneficiary will receive monthly payments for 60 months or 5 years, even if the policyholder dies.
Even if the policyholder dies during the 5-year period, the beneficiary is guaranteed to receive the remaining payments. This is due to the installment refund that comes with the 10-year certain annuity. A certain annuity is a type of annuity that pays a guaranteed amount for a set period of time.
Cindy has purchased a 10-year certain annuity, which means that the insurance company will make payments to her for ten years. If Cindy dies within the ten years, the remaining payments will be made to her beneficiary.Cindy has also opted for an installment refund. An installment refund is an option in which the insurance company guarantees that the beneficiary will receive a minimum number of payments, regardless of when the policyholder dies. In this case, the beneficiary will receive monthly payments for 60 months or 5 years, even if the policyholder dies.
Therefore, the insurer will make 60 remaining payments to Cindy's beneficiary.
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Andre is considering a loan of $150,000 to be used to purchase a house. The rate on the loan is 5.125% with monthly payments for 15 years. There is a 1% origination fee and a $1,000 processing fee. What is the APR of the loan?
Andre is considering a loan of $150,000 to be used to purchase a house. The rate on the loan is 5.125% with monthly payments for 15 years. the APR of the loan is 5.196%.
There is a 1% origination fee and a $1,000 processing fee.
A loan is borrowed money that is repaid in instalments along with interest. The Annual Percentage Rate (APR) is the actual cost of a loan, including interest, origination fee, processing fee, and other charges.
The formula for calculating APR is given as:
APR = ((2 x P x R)/T)/((P x R)/T + 1)
where P is the principal amount, R is the rate of interest, and T is the total number of payments per year. Andre is considering a loan of $150,000 to buy a house.
The loan rate is 5.125%, and he has to make monthly payments for 15 years.
There is a 1% origination fee and a $1,000 processing fee. We need to determine the APR of the loan. We need to first determine the total interest that Andre will pay over the 15-year period.
To calculate this, we use the formula: I = P x R x T where I is the total interest paid, P is the principal amount, R is the rate of interest, and T is the total number of payments per year.
Substituting the values, we get
I = 150000 x 0.05125 x 12 x 15= $115,312.50
Now, we need to add the processing fee and origination fee to the principal amount, which becomes:
New principal amount = 150000 + 0.01(150000) + 1000
= $152,500
The total amount paid will be equal to the sum of the new principal amount and total interest, which becomes:
Total amount paid = 152500 + 115312.5= $267,812.50
Now, we can use the formula for APR:
APR = ((2 x 267812.5 x 0.05125)/12)/((267812.5 x 0.05125)/12 + 1)
APR = 5.196%
Therefore, the APR of the loan is 5.196%. The APR is a measure of the total cost of borrowing that is charged to the borrower, including interest, origination fees, and other costs.
In the case of a home loan, it is essential to calculate the APR to determine the total amount that you will have to repay. The APR helps the borrower to compare different loan offers and select the one that suits them the best.
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john's house of pancakes uses a weighted moving average method to forecast pancake sales. it assigns weights of 5, 3 and 1 to the first, second and third most recent sales, respectively. if sales amounted to 1000 pancakes in may, 2200 pancakes in june, and 3000 pancakes in july, what would be the forecast for august? question 10 options: 2511 2400 1622 3767 2067
The closest forecast for August would be 2511. The correct answer is Option 1.
Pancakes sold in May= 1000
Pancakes sold in June= 2200
Pancakes sold in July= 3000
Assigning the respective weights, we get:
Weighted moving average= (5*1000 + 3*2200 + 1*3000) / (5+3+1)= (5000 + 6600 + 3000) / 9= 14600 / 9= 1622
Now, to forecast the sales for August, we remove the earliest sales data i.e May (and its respective weight of 5), and add August's sales (with a weight of 1)
Weighted moving average for August sales= (3*2200 + 1*3000 + 1*x) / (3+1+1)= (6600 + 3000 + x) / 5= 9600 / 5= 1920x= (1920*5) - 6600 - 3000= 9600 - 6600 - 3000= 51
Thus, the sales forecast for August would be 3000 + 51= 3051.
However, the options provided do not include 3051 as an answer choice. The closest one is 2511, which may be due to rounding off or approximations. Therefore, the forecast for August would be 2511.
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shale miner co. acquired mineral rights for $72,000,000. it is estimated that there are 80,000 tons of the resource; during the current year, 10,750 tons were mined and sold. what is the amount of depletion for the current year?
The depletion amount of the acquired mineral rights for the current year is $9,675,000.
Depletion rate is a measure of how much of a natural resource has been extracted by a business over time. Mineral resources are essential to businesses in several sectors, including manufacturing, construction, and technology.
Depletion rate is the amount of depletion that occurs over a specified period. The depletion rate is determined by dividing the total cost of the mineral rights by the estimated amount of the resource.
Example:
Depletion rate = Total cost of mineral rights / Estimated resource amount= $72,000,000 / 80,000 tons= $900 per ton
The depletion expense is determined by multiplying the depletion rate by the amount of the mineral extracted. Example:
Depletion expense = Depletion rate x Amount extracted= $900/ton x 10,750 tons= $9,675,000
Therefore, the depletion amount for the current year is $9,675,000.
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customer demands have no impact on a company international business strategy. group of answer choices true false
The statement customer demands have an impact on a company's international business strategy is false.
This is because customer needs and demands vary depending on the location and region of the market. As a result, companies need to adjust their strategies to meet the changing needs of their target audience. As a result, it can be concluded that customer demands have an impact on a company's international business strategy.Companies that ignore the demands of their customers will lose market share, and their reputation will be harmed. Companies must, therefore, recognize the importance of customer satisfaction and demands. This necessitates the development of new products and services that meet the needs of consumers. Furthermore, customer feedback can be used to enhance the company's reputation and provide insights into future trends. In a nutshell, customer demands are critical to a company's success in the international market.Learn more about company here: https://brainly.com/question/17011472
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You are thinking about investing in a mine that will produce $10,000 worth of ore in the first year. As the ore closest to the surface is removed it will become more difficult to extract the ore. Therefore, the value of the ore that you mine will decline at a rate of 8% per year forever. If the appropriate interest rate is 6%, then the value of this mining operation is closest to:
A) $71,429
B)$500,000
C) $166,667
D) This problem cannot be solved
This problem cannot be solved, as the mining operation has a negative present value and is not a viable investment option.
The value of the mining operation can be calculated using the perpetuity formula, which is:
PV = CF / (r - g)
where PV is the present value of the mining operation, CF is the cash flow in the first year ($10,000), r is the discount rate (6%), and g is the annual decline rate of the value of the ore (8%).
Plugging in the values, we get:
PV = $10,000 / (0.06 - 0.08) = -$500,000
This result is negative, indicating that the mining operation has a trade negative present value and is not a good investment at the given discount rate and decline rate. Therefore, the answer is (D) This problem cannot be solved, as the mining operation has a negative present value and is not a viable investment option.
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When actual overhead cost exceeds overhead applied to production,
A. underapplied overhead is added to cost of goods sold
B. underapplied overhead is deducted from cost of goods sold
C. None of these answers are correct
D. overapplied overhead is deducted from cost of goods sold
E. overapplied overhead is added to cost of goods sold
To correct this underapplied overhead, it is added to the cost of goods sold. Therefore, the correct answer is A. underapplied overhead is added to cost of goods sold.
When actual overhead cost exceeds overhead applied to production, it means that overhead has been underapplied. In this situation, the actual overhead costs incurred are greater than the overhead costs allocated to production.
Overhead costs are indirect costs that are incurred in the production process but cannot be directly attributed to a specific product or service. Examples of overhead costs include rent, utilities, depreciation, and indirect labor. These costs are allocated to products or services based on a predetermined overhead rate, which is usually calculated as a percentage of direct labor or machine hours.
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the price of a samsung washing machine includes an express warranty that covers defective parts (and the labor to replace them) for 1 year. in what component of the marketing mix does an express warranty occupy?
An express warranty occupies the "Promotion" component of the marketing mix.
An express warranty is a form of promotion that is used to create a positive image of a product or service by guaranteeing a certain degree of quality. It is also used to attract new customers and encourage loyalty in existing customers.
Express warranties are typically included in the product's price and provide consumers with specific rights and assurances related to product performance.
In the case of a Samsung washing machine, the express warranty covers defective parts and the labor to replace them for one year, providing a level of assurance for customers who purchase the product.
The express warranty provides customers with the peace of mind that if something goes wrong, they have some level of protection. As such, it is a key component of the product's promotion and marketing mix.
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What are the underlying assumptions of minimum-cost
scheduling? Are they equally realistic?
The fundamental tenets of minimum cost scheduling are that it costs money to accelerate project activities and that it costs money to maintain or extend the project's completion schedule.
How crucial is the critical route in project management?While managing a project, using the critical path technique is crucial since it identifies all the actions required to finish the project and then identifies the tasks that must be completed by the deadline.
Does the crucial path have the most weight?In actuality, the project's most crucial components aren't necessarily the tasks on the critical path. The success of your project will also be determined by tasks that are not on the critical path.
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with the target market and communication objective identified, you now need to begin the process of message design. as you develop your message's content, you need to choose an appeal that will facilitate achieving your communication objective. which of the following will best achieve your communication objective?
The best way to achieve your communication objective is to use a combination of logical, emotional, and ethical appeals.
Logical appeals use facts, data, and statistics to persuade the target audience. This can be effective when your target audience values logic and rational decision making.
Emotional appeals use emotion to persuade the target audience. This can be effective when your target audience is driven by feelings and emotions.
Ethical appeals use moral values and principles to persuade the target audience. This can be effective when your target audience values ethical behavior and moral principles.
By using a combination of these appeals, you can create a message that resonates with your target audience and effectively achieves your communication objective.
Missing part of question:
Select an option from the choices below and click Submit.
- Emotional appeal: Use humor to generate positive emotions for bike sharing and Take-A-Ride.
- Rational appeal: Show consumers how a bike-share program benefits them and Charleston.
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As an internal auditor for the Quick Manufacturing Company, you are participating in the audit of the company’s AIS. You have been reviewing the internal controls of the computer system that processes most of its accounting applications. You have studied the company’s extensive systems documentation. You have interviewed the information system manager, operations supervisor, and other employees to complete your standardized computer internal control questionnaire. You report to your supervisor that the company has designed a successful set of comprehensive internal controls into its computer systems. He thanks you foryour efforts and asks for a summary report of your findings for inclusion in a final overall report on accounting internal controls. Have you forgotten an important audit step? Explain. List five examples of specific audit procedures that you might recommend before reaching a conclusion
It is possible that an important audit step has been forgotten. The audit step that has been overlooked is the testing of the internal controls to ensure that they are functioning effectively.
While the company may have designed a successful set of comprehensive internal controls, it is important to test their effectiveness in practice to ensure that they are actually preventing or detecting errors and fraud. Without testing the controls, there is no way to know for sure if they are working as intended.
Five examples of specific audit procedures that could be recommended before reaching a conclusion include:
Conducting walkthroughs of the accounting system to gain a deeper understanding of the system's design and operation.
Performing substantive testing to verify the completeness and accuracy of transactions processed by the system.
Testing the accuracy and completeness of the system's input and output.
Testing the segregation of duties within the system to ensure that no single person has control over multiple aspects of the system.
Reviewing system logs and monitoring controls to ensure that the system is operating as intended and that any errors or irregularities are detected and corrected in a timely manner.
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3. Polymath Associates arranged a $9 million revolving credit agreement with a group of banks. The firm must pay an annual commitment fee of 0.25% on the unused balance of the loan commitment. On the used portion of the revolver, it must pay 0.25% above the prime rate. The prime rate is expected to be 4.0% over the year. The firm faces a compensating balance requirement of 12% and its normal deposit balance is $100,000. a. If the firm borrows $6 million immediately once the revolver is signed, and repays at the end of one year, what is the AFC of the revolver? b. If the firm borrows $9 million immediately once the revolver is signed, and repays at the end of one year, what is the AFC of the revolver?
a. AFC of the revolver is 2.838%.b. AFC of the revolver is 3.229%.
A revolving credit agreement refers to a contract between a bank and a borrower under which the bank agrees to lend up to a specific limit over a specified period. The borrower can borrow, repay, and re-borrow funds as needed, often with no restrictions on the frequency or quantity of cash withdrawals.
The formula to calculate AFC is:
Cost of borrowing (COB) / Amount of loan * 100%
a) When the firm borrows $6 million immediately once the revolver is signed, and repays at the end of one year:
The average balance is $4.5 million because ($6 million + $3 million) / 2 = $4.5 million
The unused balance is $3 million because $9 million - $6 million = $3 million
The commitment fee for unused balance is 0.25%*3,000,000 = $7,500
The total interest payment on the used balance is 4%+0.25% = 4.25%
Total interest cost on $6 million = 6,000,000 * 4.25% = $255,000
The compensating balance requirement is 12%, and the normal deposit balance is $100,000.
So, the total required deposit is $900,000 ($6 million*12% - $100,000)
Total cost of borrowing = $255,000 + $7,500 + $900,000 = $1,162,500
AFC of the revolver = Cost of borrowing (COB) / Amount of loan * 100%
= $1,162,500 / $6 million * 100% = 2.838%
b) When the firm borrows $9 million immediately once the revolver is signed, and repays at the end of one year:
The average balance is $9 million because ($9 million + $0) / 2 = $4.5 million
The unused balance is $0 because all of the $9 million is used
The commitment fee for unused balance is $0 because there is no unused balance
The total interest payment on the used balance is 4%+0.25% = 4.25%
Total interest cost on $9 million = 9,000,000 * 4.25% = $382,500
The compensating balance requirement is 12%, and the normal deposit balance is $100,000.
So, the total required deposit is $1,080,000 ($9 million*12% - $100,000)
Total cost of borrowing = $382,500 + $0 + $1,080,000 = $1,462,500
AFC of the revolver = Cost of borrowing (COB) / Amount of loan * 100%
= $1,462,500 / $9 million * 100% = 3.229%
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As represented in this video case, the merger that occurred between these two companies represents a(n) _____ force affecting the need for change
As represented in this video case, the merger that occurred between these two companies represents "outside" force affecting the need for change. To give best in the marketplace, the demand curve and customer need fulfilment.
The demand curve is the curve which shows the relation between the quantity of the products or goods with respect to the price of the products or goods, or the given time period.
The merger that occurred between these two companies represents "outside" force affecting the need for change.
The demand curve are of different kinds of curve which are elastic, inelastic, individual and the market curves. The determinants of demand curve which is the price of the goods or services, the income of buyers, the prices of related goods or services, and the tastes or preference of consumers will drive demand.
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ALM811S
LOGISTICS AND MANAGEMENT
QUESTION 5 (25 marks) Justify with examples the view that the
nexus between Transport infrastructure and Logistics Management to
be linear and positive. (25 Marks)
The nexus between transport infrastructure and logistics management is indeed linear and positive. Transport infrastructure provides the backbone for the movement of goods and people, and logistics management ensures that those movements are efficient, effective, and timely.
Here are a few examples to illustrate this point:
Efficient transportation infrastructure leads to cost-effective logistics management, When transport infrastructure is well-maintained and efficient, it leads to cost-effective logistics management.Advanced logistics management enhances the utilization of transport infrastructure Effective logistics management enhances the utilization of transport infrastructure.Investment in transport infrastructure leads to economic growth through logistics management Investment in transport infrastructure can lead to economic growth through logistics management.Learn more about logistics and management:
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2. Universal Health Care (UHC) is a company whose stock price has declined by 40% in the past year. In the current year, UHC earned $300 million in pretax operating income on revenues of $10 billion. The new CEO of the firm has proposed costcutting measures she anticipates will save the firm $100 millionin expenses, without any effect on revenues. Assume the firm is growing at astable rate of 5% a year and that its cost of capital is 10%; neither number is expected to change as a consequence of the cost cutting. The firm's tax rate is40%. (You can assume that the firm reinvests $100 million each year and that this reinvestment will not change as the firm cuts costs.)
a. What effect will the cost cutting have on value?
b. What effect will the cost cutting have on value if the expected growth ratewill drop to 4.5% as a consequence? (Some of the costs cut were designed to generate future growth.)
Answer : a). The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in an increase in value. b). The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in a decrease in value.
Cost cutting measures typically include laying off the staff, reducing expenses, etc. Sometime it proves to be very beneficial for the company. The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in an increase in value. Specifically, with the cost cutting measures, the firm’s pretax operating income will increase from $300 million to $400 million, and the firm’s value will increase by $1 billion (400 * 10 * (1-.40)).
The cost cutting measures proposed by the new CEO of UHC will result in a decrease in value. With the cost cutting measures, the firm’s expected growth rate will drop from 5% to 4.5%, and the firm’s value will decrease by $500 million (400 * 10 * (1-.45)).
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12.select the range j6:j13 and then add top/bottom conditional formatting rules to format the top 10% of values as green fill with dark green text and the bottom 10% of values as light red fill with dark red text.
To format the top 10% of values as green fill with dark green text and the bottom 10% of values as light red fill with dark red text, you have to follow the below steps:
Select the range J6:J13 and then click on the Home tab in the Excel ribbon.
Next, select the Conditional Formatting option and then select the Top/Bottom Rules from the drop-down menu.
Now, choose Top 10% from the list of available options in the sub-menu, and then click on the Format button.
Go to the Fill tab and then select the color Green and click on OK.
Now go to the Font tab and then select the color Dark Green and then click on OK.
Now the top 10% of values will be highlighted as green fill with dark green text.
Now, repeat the above steps from step 2 to step 5 to format the bottom 10% of values as light red fill with dark red text.
Select the Bottom 10% from the list of available options in the sub-menu, and then click on the Format button.
Go to the Fill tab and then select the color Red and click on OK.
Now go to the Font tab and then select the color Dark Red and then click on OK.
Now the bottom 10% of values will be highlighted as red fill with dark red text.
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Suppose we are thinking about replacing an old computer with a
new one. The old one cost us $1,920,000; the new one will cost,
$2,339,000. The new machine will be depreciated straight-line to
zero ove
a-1. EAC (Equivalent Annual Cost) for old computer = $3,189,966
EAC for old computer = $5,800,662
a-2.
the NPV (Net Present Value) of the decision to replace the computer now is -$2,287,443,
What is the explanation for the above?Equivalent Annual Cost - EAC for the old computer:
The old computer is being depreciated at a rate of $456,000 per year, so the after-tax cost of owning it is:
Cost - Tax Savings = $456,000 - 0.23($456,000) = $350,320
The EAC for the old computer can be calculated using the formula:
EAC = Cost + PV(Annuity Factor, n, r) - RV
where:
Cost = $1,920,000
n = 3 (the number of years remaining in its useful life)
r = 10% (the discount rate)
RV = 0 (since it will be completely written off in three years)
Annuity Factor = (1 - 1/(1+r)^n)/r = (1 - 1/1.1^3)/0.1
= 2.4868
EAC (Old) = $1,920,000 + $1,269,966 - $0
= $3,189,966
EAC for the new computer:
The after-tax cost of owning the new computer is:
Cost - Tax Savings = $2,339,000 - 0.23($2,339,000)
= $1,800,030
The EAC for the new computer can be calculated using the formula:
EAC = Cost + PV(Annuity Factor, n, r) - RV
where:
Cost = $2,339,000
n = 5 (the number of years in its useful life)
r = 10% (the discount rate)
RV = $630,000 (the expected residual value after five years)
Annuity Factor = (1 - 1/(1+r)^n)/r = (1 - 1/1.1^5)/0.1
= 3.7908
EAC = $2,339,000 + $4,091,662 - $630,000
EAC (New) = $5,800,662
a-2.
The NPV of the decision to replace the computer now can be calculated by finding the present value of the cash inflows and outflows associated with the decision. The cash inflows are the tax savings and the sale price of the old computer, while the cash outflows are the cost of the new computer and the operating costs.
The cash inflows can be calculated as follows:
Tax Savings:
Year 1: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 2: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 3: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 4: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) = $308,770
Year 5: $401,000 - 0.23($401,000) + $630,000 = $1,058,930
The sale price of old computer:
$666,000
The cash outflows can be calculated as follows:
Cost of new computer:
$2,339,000
Operating costs:
Year 1: $401,000
Year 2: $401,000
Year 3: $401,000
Year 4: $401,000
Year 5: $401,000
The present value of the cash inflows and outflows can be calculated using the formula:
NPV = -Cost + PV(Cash Inflows) - PV(Cash Outflows)
where:
Cost = $2,339,000
PV(Cash Inflows) = $308,770/(1+0.10)^1 + $308,770/(1+0.10)^2 + $308,770/(1+0.10)^3 + $308,770/(1+0.10)^4 + $1,058,930/(1+0.10)^5
= $1,580,725
PV(Cash Outflows) = $401,000/(1+0.10)^1 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^2 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^3 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^4 + $401,000/(1+0.10)^5 + $2,339,000/(1+0.10)^5
= $4,529,168
NPV = -$2,339,000 + $1,580,725 - $4,529,168
NPV = -$2,287,443
Therefore, the NPV of the decision to replace the computer now is -$2,287,443, which indicates that the decision to replace the old computer with the new one is not financially favorable.
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Full Question:
Suppose we are thinking about replacing an old computer with a new one. The old one cost us $1,920,000; the new one will cost, $2,339,000. The new machine will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its five-year life. It will probably be worth about $630,000 after five years.
The old computer is being depreciated at a rate of $456,000 per year. It will be completely written off in three years. If we don’t replace it now, we will have to replace it in two years. We can sell it now for $666,000; in two years, it will probably be worth $198,000. The new machine will save us $401,000 per year in operating costs. The tax rate is 23 percent, and the discount rate is 10 percent.
a-1. Calculate the EAC for the old computer and the new computer.
a-2. What is the NPV of the decision to replace the computer now?
Negative answers should be indicated by a minus sign. Round your answers to 2 decimal places do not round intermediate calculations
Gemini acquired 100% of Mars on January 1, 2015, by Essaing 10,500 shares of its $10 par value coannon slock with a fair value of $95 per ahure, Oe laenaty 1, 2015, Mars' land was undervalued by $40,000, its buildiags were owervalued by $30,000, and equipment was undervalued by $80,000. The baikdings lave a 20-year life and the equipment has a 10-year life. 550,000 was atrributed to an enrecorded trademark with a 16 -year femaining life. There was no gootwill associated with this investment. The book value of Mars at Jan 1, 2015 was 857,500. Compute the December 31,2019, consolidated trademark.
The consolidated trademark as of December 31, 2019, is worth $1,400,000 ($900,00 + $500,000 = $1,400,000).
The term "consolidated revenue" means what exactly?Group revenue is the total of the firm's legal units' sales after subtracting the sales of the group's subsidiaries.
Tally up your own revenue as well as that of your subsidiary. To calculate consolidated revenue, deduct the sales that you and a subsidiary made from those totals. Add $40,000 + $20,000 to the instance from the previous phase to reach $60,000. To achieve $52,000 in combined revenue, deduct $8,000 from $60,000 in total revenue. All income and funds raised or collected by the executive authority of the Republic are collected in a fund created by article 11 of the Constitution.
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Construct a binary Huffman code for the distribution \( \{0.25,0.05,0.1,0.13,0.2,0.12,0.08,0.07\} \) and calculate the expected number of bits per symbol. (b) Next suppose that we have
(a) To construct a binary Huffman code for the given distribution, we start by arranging the probabilities in descending order:
0.25, 0.2, 0.13, 0.12, 0.1, 0.08, 0.07, 0.05
We then repeatedly combine the two least probable symbols into a new symbol until all symbols are combined into a single tree. At each step, we assign a 0 to the left branch and a 1 to the right branch.
The resulting binary Huffman code is:
0: 00
1: 11
2: 100
3: 101
4: 010
5: 1100
6: 1101
7: 111
To calculate the expected number of bits per symbol, we sum the product of the probability of each symbol and the length of its code:
E = (0.25 * 2) + (0.2 * 2) + (0.13 * 3) + (0.12 * 3) + (0.1 * 3) + (0.08 * 4) + (0.07 * 4) + (0.05 * 3)
= 2.13 bits per symbol.
(b) Next, suppose that we have a geometric distribution with parameter p = 0.2. The probabilities of the first eight symbols are:
0.2, 0.16, 0.128, 0.1024, 0.08192, 0.065536, 0.0524288, 0.04194304
To construct a binary Huffman code for this distribution, we follow the same steps as before. The resulting binary Huffman code is:
0: 0
1: 10
2: 110
3: 1110
4: 11110
5: 111110
6: 1111110
7: 1111111
To calculate the expected number of bits per symbol, we sum the product of the probability of each symbol and the length of its code:
E = (0.2 * 1) + (0.16 * 2) + (0.128 * 3) + (0.1024 * 4) + (0.08192 * 5) + (0.065536 * 6) + (0.0524288 * 7) + (0.04194304 * 7)
= 4.011776 bits per symbol.
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Class discussion and participation are required as part of our learning experience.Post your answers/opinions in the discussion forum.Your first post is due by Wednesday, and 2 other meaningful posts are due between Thursday & Sunday at 11:59 PM Eastern Time. The minimum requirement is 3 posts for the week.TOPICPOINT/COUNTER-POINT: Should MNCs Avoid DFI in Countries without Child Labor Laws?POINT: Yes. An MNC should maintain its hiring standards, regardless of what country it is in. Even if a foreign country allows children to work, an MNC should not lower its standards. Although the MNC forgoes the use of low-cost labor, it maintains its global credibility.COUNTER-POINT: No. An MNC will not only benefit its shareholders but will create employment for some children who need support. The MNC can provide reasonable working conditions and perhaps may even offer educational programs for its employees.WHO IS CORRECT? Use the Internet to locate two or more sources regarding this issue. Which argument do you support? Offer your own professional opinion on this issue and support your statement with APA citations and references to the sources you located.
Class discussion and participation are required as part of our learning experience, and this question is about whether multinational corporations (MNCs) should avoid direct foreign investment (DFI) in countries without child labor laws.
The point of view is that MNCs should maintain their hiring standards, regardless of the country they are in, and forgo the use of low-cost labor in order to maintain their global credibility.
The counter-point is that an MNC would benefit its shareholders and create employment for some children who need support, and provide reasonable working conditions.
According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), it is illegal to employ children under the age of 15, regardless of the country. It is also prohibited to employ adolescents under the age of 18 in hazardous work. Therefore, it is important that MNCs maintain their standards, and not exploit child labor in foreign countries without child labor laws.
According to the U.S. Department of Labor, “Children are a precious resource, and their well-being should not be sacrificed in the pursuit of corporate profits.”
In conclusion, I support the point of view that MNCs should maintain their hiring standards and avoid DFI in countries without child labor laws.
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