Answer:
The 1,000 plants (1KP) project is an international multi-disciplinary consortium that has generated transcriptome data from over 1,000 plant species, with exemplars for all of the major lineages across the Viridiplantae (green plants) clade.
Alanine is a member of the twenty key amino acids that are used by our bodies to make proteins. Is this a chiral molecule?.
Glycine has an achiral structure. The chiral C atom is absent. Chiral consists of cysteine, alanine, and serine.
Chiral and Achiral molecules
Mirror images of chiral compounds cannot be superimposed on one another. Achiral molecules are mirror reflections of one another that can be superimposed. Chiral compounds have one or more asymmetrical centers. The centers of achiral molecules are all symmetric.
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corals host dinoflagellate symbionts called , which, when expelled, result in coral bleaching. because neither the coral nor its symbiont can survive alone, this relationship is called
Corals host dinoflagellate symbionts called expelled, result in coral bleaching because neither the coral nor its symbiont can survive alone, this relationship is called dinoflagellates provide nutrients from the products of photosynthesis which are essential for zooxanthellae survival.
What is endosymbiotic dinoflagellates?The endosymbiotic dinoflagellates are found in the bodies of corals. These endosymbiotic dinoflagellates are called zooxanthellae and are immobile. Being autotrophic, zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis to produce the organic food required for corals.
Death of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates deprives the coral of organic nutrients leading to their death. This is why the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates are required for survival and productivity of coral reefs.
Therefore, Corals host dinoflagellate symbionts called expelled, result in coral bleaching because neither the coral nor its symbiont can survive alone, this relationship is called dinoflagellates provide nutrients from the products of photosynthesis which are essential for zooxanthellae survival.
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in fruit flies, long wings (w) are dominant over short wings (w), and red eyes (r) are dominant over orange eyes (r). each individual possesses two alleles for each trait. if a fly that is homozygous dominant for both traits is crossed with a fly that is homozygous recessive for both traits, what is the predicted genotype of the offspring?
Option C If a fly that is homozygous dominant for both traits is crossed with a fly that is homozygous recessive for both traits, WwRr the predicted genotype of the offspring.
You inherited two identical copies of a gene if you are homozygous for that gene. The alleles are different, which is the reverse of a heterozygous genotype. Recessive features, such as red hair or blue eyes, are always present in individuals who are homozygous for that gene. Two chromosomal sets make up an individual human. Allele pairings are referred to as heterozygous and homozygous, respectively. The term "homozygous" refers to people who have two copies of the same allele (RR or rr). The term "heterozygous" refers to an individual organism with multiple alleles (Rr). Genes from each biological parent are inherited, which is referred to as homozygous or homozygosity. The mutation, which modifies the gene's DNA structure, causes the variation. Gene variations are known as alleles by experts. A person is homozygous if their alleles match exactly.
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when mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants, all the offspring were yellow seeded. when he allowed these f1 yellow-seeded plants to self-fertilize, he observed both yellow and green seeds among the f2 generation. this experiment and observations illustrate the principle(s) of:
This experiment and the results demonstrate the idea of recessive traits, in accordance with Mendel.
What was Mendel famous for?Gregor Mendel uncovered the basic principles of inheritance through his study on pea plants. He concluded that genes are inherited from each parent as separate, paired units. Mendel observed how parental genes separated and if they showed up as dominant or recessive qualities in the children.
What are the 4 laws of Mendel?(1) Paired Factors Principles
(2) The Dominance Principle
(3) Mendel's First Law of Inheritance, often known as the Law of Segregation or the Law of Purity of Gametes
(4) Mendel's Second Law of Inheritance, also known as the Law of Independent Assortment.
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How do you describe a sandstone with trilobite?
A sandstone with trilobite provides information about a variety of things like dating of the sandstone, how the earth evolved and trace fossils.
Sandstone is the sedimentary rock that is very useful as it is the reservoir for petroleum and water. It contains a lot of minerals and the rock itself is used in constructions, statues, etc.
Trilobite are the marine arthropods that are now extinct. It serves as a trace fossil that provides information about the biological activities of the extinct organism. This is how evolution of the earth can be known. This biological activity also helps in dating process.
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Please help me with this
The contaminated water is the source of disease as well as pollution for the people and specially it is disease causing agent for the people and other organisms.
What is groundwater?Groundwater has been defined as the water present in the underground water just below the soil as well as in the crack of the earth. The percentage of the freshwater in the world has been 30%. There are mainly three types of the groundwater and these are hand-dug wells, springs, and drilled boreholes.
The water which has been stored under the ground are obtained from rain and stored in ground so that it can be used later. Ground water has been very clean and fit for drinking and the reason is the soil present on top and work as filter and the groundwater is free from all microorganisms.
Therefore, The contaminated water is the source of disease as well as pollution for the people and specially it is disease causing agent for the people and other organisms.
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What 2 events in nature can hinder the process of carbohydrate production? Explain your answer. Use the sentence frame: “___ can hinder carbohydrate production because ____.”
The answers include the following below:
Stormy weather can hinder carbohydrate production because of inadequate sunlight.Low temperature can hinder carbohydrate production because of low heat.What is Carbohydrate?
This is referred to as a biomolecule which is the source of energy and is formed during photosynthesis through the use of water and carbondioxide as the reactants. Examples of this type of compound include glucose, starch etc.
Stormy weather and low temperature can hinder carbohydrate production because of inadequate sunlight. During a photosynthesis reaction by plants, there is the need for adequate sunlight as the solar energy is converted into chemical energy.
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fitness is a measure of reproductive success. if an individual with genotype (bb) produces 6 offspring, and a heterozygous individual (bb) produces 10 offspring, and a third individual with genotype (bb) produces 5 offspring, what is the fitness value for the individual with (bb) genotype?
Reproductive success is measured by physical fitness.Natural selection can affect polygenic traits or qualities determined by different alleles of a single gene.
Is fitness is a measure of reproductive success?
Natural genetic variations among members of the same species are referred to as genetic variation.A population can adapt and survive in the face of shifting environmental conditions thanks to this variety. The fitnesses are just each survival rate divided by the highest survival rate if only survival rates vary and reproduction rates are all identical.Fitness is equal to each reproductive rate divided by the highest reproductive rate if only the reproductive rates vary and the survival rates are all identical. The type of variant present at a specific locus (i.e., region) in the genome is scored by what is known as a genotype.Symbols can be used to symbolize it.For illustration, BB, Bb, and bb could be used to denote a certain gene variant. Even though we are thinking about how selection affects genotypes, we can still compute an allele's average fitness (also known as the marginal fitness) by dividing the likelihood that an allele would occur in a certain genotype by its fitness. The quantity of viable progeny that an organism produces is the best indicator of its fitness.Fitness is a key indicator of reproductive success since it leads to more children, who in turn add more genes to the gene pool for the following generation.Typically, subjects like evolutionary biology will utilize this word. If a dolphin generally gives birth to three young during her lifetime and gives birth to four, she has a greater relative fitness.The absolute fitness of the organism is divided by the typical number of offspring in a population to determine relative fitness.To learn more about reproductive refer
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How is gamma rays used or found in our everyday
lives or in certain industries?
Answer:
Gamma rays are used in medicine (radiotherapy), industry (sterilization and disinfection) and the nuclear industry. Remember it is very important to shield against gamma rays since they can cause diseases to skin or blood, eye disorders and even cancers.
Explanation:
what is the reason that an island in the ocean that is 5 kilometers from a continent would have a higher number of species than one that is 15 kilometers from a continent based on the theory of island biogeography
Species evolve more in the island near the continent than the far one due to environmental conditions and availability of resources.
What is theory of island biogeography and why the species evolve more on island near continent?Theory of island biogeography explains the diversity of species increases as they disperse from islands.Here in the question is asked the reason of more species evolving in the island near continent than far.Apart the environmental condition better for the species in the island , than the island far from the continent.There is a food factor too, which is best at island near the continent, that the species do not get attracted by far island.Hence due environmental conditions and availibility of resources are the factors.To know more about continent visit:
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A certain species of animal has six pairs of chromosomes. How many sister chromatids do the nuclei of this animal’s cells have during the g2 phase?.
A certain species of animal has six pairs of chromosomes. So, there are 24 sister chromatids the nuclei of this animal’s cells have during the G2 phase.
How do we solve for the nuclei of this animal’s cells during the G2 phase?A certain species of animal is hаving six pаirs of chromosomes, thаt is 2n = 12. During G1 phаse, the number of chromosomes will remаin the sаme, thаt is 12. During S phаse, duplicаtion of the DNА tаkes plаce, however, the number of chromosomes will remаin the sаme. Hence, in S phаse, there will be 24 DNА аnd 12 chromosomes. In G2 phаse, the number of DNА molecules аnd number of chromosomes will remаin sаme аs thаt in S phаse. Thus, it will hаve 24 DNА molecules аnd 12 chromosomes.
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The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumoral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the __________.
The location of the rotator cuff muscles in relation to the glenohumeral joint minimizes the upward pressure against the acromion of the scapula.
What is meant by the glenohumeral joint?The glenohumeral joint, which consists of a complex, dynamic articulation between the proximal humerus and the glenoid of the scapula, is a ball-and-socket joint. Particularly, the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula is in touch with the head of the humerus.
The upper limb exists connected to the axial skeleton by the synovial joint comprehended as the glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint. Between the glenoid fossa of the scapula (gleno-) and the head of the humerus, it exists a ball-and-socket joint (-humeral).
The rotator cuff muscles' position in regard to the glenohumeral joint reduces the pressure exerted upward on the scapula's acromion.
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ONLY AND ONLY REALLY SMART PEOPLE;)
Hey there!
We have the three states of matter, labelled in the picture, called gases, liquids, and solids.
But did you know that there are terms and explanations as to how a material's state can change?
Gases changing into a liquid is called condensation. This occurs when warm air collides with cold surfaces, making the cold surface 'sweat' from the warm air. We see this in the early mornings when the sun starts cooling up the grass, which was colder because of the night.
Liquids changing into a gas is called vaporization. This occurs when liquids are usually approached to a high enough temperature in which it exceeds their boiling point, and the tighter liquid molecules drift off wandering around. When molecules wander around enough, they can vaporize and turn into a gas.
Liquids turning into a solid is called freezing. This happens because in colder temperatures, molecules cannot move as quick because they are mimicking their environment; they actually clump up together because they are cold (think about it as them warming themselves up with each molecules around them!) and become a solid.
Solids turning to a liquid is called melting. When something at it's freezing point (when it is a solid) and it loses that freezing point and gets warmer, the molecules can now move around much more freely, which means that it can become a liquid.
Solids turning into a gas is called sublimination. Think of the snow droplets turning into water vapor immediately in the air. This is an example of sublimination, where a good amount of heat is given and skips the liquid phase.
Gas turning into a solid is called deposition. We already thought about the snow; so let's think of the water vapor turning into snow in the air, the opposite reaction; this is due to the excessively extreme cold air that was given to the water vapor that made it skip the liquid phase.
In this problem, we see that a block of ice is turning into water.
We can conclude that it is turning from a solid to liquid.
However, why does this occur? Like we learned before, this process is called melting; and this occurs when something that was colder than water's freezing point (32°F or 0°C) is applied warmth (which is energy) from the air to the ice, the ice will melt into a liquid. The molecules are no longer constricted to this firm slow movement and can freely move around.
Therefore,
1. The ice will melt because the air is too warm to sustain the ice's climate.
2. This happens because since the climate is presumed to be above the water's freezing point, the ice will no longer be able to maintain it's phase.
3. The ice left out would be a phase change of solid to liquid.
4. This phenomenon is called melting.
I will mark brainliest: Why is important to reduce methane gas in the atmosphere?
the fastest opportunity we have to immediately slow the rate of global warming
Answer:
It slows global warming
Explanation: I took the test.
why dont ppl consider ice as salty water?
Answer: because salt can be used to speed up the freezing process but it is not necessary to the creation of ice
posttranslational alterations of proteins do not include the cleavage of signal sequences. do not include the addition of polysaccharides to proteins. do not affect the activity of an enzyme. may include the addition of polysaccharides to proteins. do not include the addition of phosphate groups.
The posttranslational alterations of proteins may include the addition of polysaccharides to proteins (Option 4).
What are posttranslational alterations of proteins?The posttranslational alterations of proteins are different modifications in the protein sequences in order to activate their functions and or suppress them.
One of the most common posttranslational alterations of proteins is phosphorylation, which occurs at specific amino acid residues and it is able to activate or deactivate proteins in order to change the signaling pathway associated with their functions. Polysaccharides can also be added to proteins in order to change their functional states.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the posttranslational alterations of proteins are able to modify the functional properties of a protein and polysaccharide addition in one of these types of modifications that both structural proteins and enzymes suffer to activate an or deactivate them.
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Reviewing Facts about Gravity, Mass, and Distance
Use what you learned about the relationship among gravity, mass, and distance to form sentences.
Mass is
caused by gravity affecting mass.
Quick
Check
Active
Weight is
The force of gravity increases
The force of gravity decreases
↑
↑
↑
W
the amount of matter in an object.
when an object's mass increases.
when distance increases.
Answer:
Distance. Gravitational force diminishes according to the square of the distance, it increases according to mass.
So, if the distance is doubled, the force is reduced to a quarter of what it was before. If the mass is doubled, the force is only doubled.
Explanation: Hope this helps, if it does not i am sorry, at least i tried my best RIGHT?
Answer:
The force of gravity increases - when an objects mass increases.
Weight is - caused by gravity affecting mass.
Mass is - the amount of matter in an object.
The force of gravity decreases - when distance increases.
Explanation:
what is energy coupling? what is energy coupling? the use of an enzyme to reduce ea the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction the hydrolysis of atp to adp p a barrier to the initiation of a reaction
The use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
Energy coupling happens when the electricity produced with the aid of one reaction or gadget is used to force another reaction or system. endergonic. Describing a response that absorbs power from its environment. exergonic: Describing a reaction that releases strength into its environment.
Energy coupling, by using definition, stands for the idea of coupling two organic reactions; which means energy generated from one reaction is used to power the second response. of the kind reactions or organic structures are coupled together or positioned into synchrony this way.
Energy coupling takes place whilst a response that releases energy is used to gas a response that calls for electricity to enter. The reaction that releases strength is called exergonic, and the response that takes in power is called endergonic. keep in mind, for instance, the sodium-potassium pump.
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Fossil evidence indicates that horses have gradually increased in size over geologic
time. Which of the following terms best describes this?
a artificial selection
b directional selection
c stabilizing selection
d disruptive selection
e sexual selection
According to the given statement the following terms best describes this Directional selection.
The correct option is B.
What is an example of fossil evidence?Examples includes fossilized bones, shells, exoskeletons, animal or microbe imprints in stone, orangish objects, hair, petrified timber, oil, coal, and DNA traces. The fossil record is indeed the collection of all fossils.
What characteristics define fossil evidence?Fossils are the remains of once-living things.Rock is used to create fossils because it can fill in or replace an organism's body or imprint.Sedimentary rock, as opposed to igneous or metamorphic rock, is often the material used to create fossils.To know more about Fossil visit:
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Flag questionTransfer RNAs (tRNA) are produced through transcriptionof tRNA "genes" (DNA).It is of course essential that the tRNAs produced havecorrect ribonucleotide sequences so that (i) they arerecognised by the correct aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and(ii) they have an anticodon that matches them to thecorrect mRNA codon during translation.ESTSAssume the DNA encoding one of the tRNAs for the aminoacid tryptophan has been mutated and instead of itsanticodon sequence reading 5'-CCA-3' (correct), it nowreads 5'-TCA-3' (incorrect).What will be the effect on protein synthesis? Explainbriefly.TEEK 11CEK 11
It would depend on whether the modified codon code for the same amino acid or not. If it does not code for the same amino acid, then the protein would be different, and in some cases, it can cause a problem with its function, mostly if this modification is found on the interaction site of the protein with other components.
if a bacterial cell is competent, it means that a. it is ready to undergo transduction b. the bacterium is ready to conjugate c. the bacterium is able to replicate its dna and undergo cell fission. d. the bacterium can import free dna fragments from the environment. e. two of the above are correct
Option d.) Bacteria can take up free fragments of DNA from the environment. This is the correct answer.
Competent cells are bacterial cells that take up extrachromosomal DNA or plasmids from the environment. Competent cell generation can be done in two ways- natural competence and artificial competence. Natural competence is the genetic ability of bacteria to take up environmental DNA under natural or in vitro conditions. Bacteria can also be artificially rendered capable of being temporarily permeabilized by DNA through chemical treatment and heat shock. Natural Competence dates back to 1928, when Frederick Griffith discovered that thermal cells prepared from pathogenic bacteria could transform non-pathogenic cells into pathogenic cells.
However, natural capacity and transformation are valid for linear molecules such as chromosomal DNA, but not for circular plasmid molecules.
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which of the following is a measure of energy expended in everyday spontaneous activities? a. non-exercise activity thermogenesis (neat) b. basal metabolic rate (bmr) c. resting metabolic rate (rmr) d. set-point
The measure of energy expended in everyday spontaneous activities is the non-exercise activity thermogenesis (neat). That is option A.
What are spontaneous activities?Spontaneous activities are those activities that occur which are usually unplanned and are natural.
Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is defined as the energy that is expended on those activities that are not planned which helps in the silent burning of excess fat and calories in the body.
Recently, it has been discovered that involving in non-exercise activity thermogenesis would help improve one's health and life span.
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Explain how social and economic groups (the working class, middle class, and upper class) experienced city life and culture similarly and differently.
The working class, middle class, and upper-class experience city life and culture similarly in that they all are subject to the noise, hustle, and ever-hectic life of the city.
The working class, middle class, and upper-class experience city life and culture differently because they have different purchasing power and time to spend on the luxuries city life has to offer.
What are the experiences and culture of city life?Living in the city, whether one belongs to the working class, middle class, or upper-class subjects one to the constant noise and pollution of city life.
The ever-busy culture of city life affects all in the city.
However, due to differences in their social and economic status, the upper class usually has more luxuries to enjoy in the city than either the middle class or working class. For example, attending concerts will be more for the upper class, with few opportunities for the middle class and almost none for the working class.
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Which term describes the process by which light passes through an object or a medium?
reflection
reflection
refraction
refraction
absorption
absorption
transmission
Answer: Transmission
Explanation:
Reflection obviously describes the way light bounces back at the viewer.
Refraction describes how light is passed through an object but changes directions.
Absorption describes how much light is absorbed when passing through an object.
Transmission describes the amount of light that passes through an object or medium.
(Absorption and Transmission are generally associated with spectrophotometry)
Answer:
Transmission
Explanation:
The transmission of light occurs when light passes through an object or a medium.
2. What is the importance of NAD+ cycling back up to glycolysis?
The cycling of NAD+ back up to glycolysis is crucial for sustaining energy production, maintaining redox balance, and allowing for the efficient functioning of cellular respiration.
The cycling of NAD+ back up to glycolysis is crucial for the efficient functioning of cellular respiration and energy production. Here are the key reasons for its importance:
NAD+ regeneration: During glycolysis, glucose is metabolized to produce energy in the form of ATP. As part of this process, NAD+ acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons from glucose and becoming reduced to NADH. NADH carries these electrons to the electron transport chain for further ATP synthesis. However, NAD+ is required to sustain glycolysis. Without a mechanism to regenerate NAD+ from NADH, the glycolytic pathway would quickly halt due to a lack of available NAD+. Therefore, the cycling of NAD+ is crucial for maintaining a continuous supply of NAD+ for glycolysis.ATP production: The regeneration of NAD+ is directly linked to ATP production. NADH carries high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain, where they are used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. If NADH accumulates and NAD+ levels decrease, electron transport and ATP synthesis would be compromised, resulting in reduced energy production.Redox balance: The cycling of NAD+ is essential for maintaining redox balance within the cell. As NAD+ accepts electrons during glycolysis, it becomes reduced to NADH. Regenerating NAD+ from NADH helps balance the cellular redox state, ensuring that other redox reactions in the cell can proceed smoothly. Without NAD+ cycling, an imbalance in the redox state could lead to disruptions in various metabolic pathways and compromise cellular function.Learn more about Glycolysis, here:
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atp is produced by group of answer choices mitochondria only. chloroplasts only. sodium/potassium transporters in the cell membrane only. both mitochondria and chloroplasts, but not by sodium/potassium transporters in the cell membrane. mitochondria, chloroplasts, and sodium/potassium transporters in the cell membrane.
According to the given information ATP is produced by mitochondria only.
What is the main function of the mitochondria?The majority of the chemical energy required to drive a cell's metabolic operations is produced by mitochondria, which are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular).
What materials make up mitochondria?Two membranes make up their structure. The organelle is contained by the outer membrane, which acts as its skin. The inner membrane repeatedly folds over to form cristae, which are layered structures. The matrix is the name of the substance that fills the mitochondria.
What is special about mitochondria?The unique compartments (organelles) in human cells called mitochondria are well recognized for acting as energy producers by disassembling food molecules and producing ATP, a fuel for the remainder of the cell.
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how do shoebills respond to changes in external temperature when it's too cold
The adaptation of shoebills responds to changes in external temperature when it's too cold in their environment.
What changes occur to Shoebills in cold?Shoebills have adapted long toes with no webbing which helps them to balance on the swampy vegetation while stalking prey. There are few predators of shoebill storks. Young and eggs may be taken by nest predators but shoebill storks can defend their young and build nests in areas unreachable to many predators. Shoebills eat big fish such as lungfish and catfish This bird eats crocodiles and they hunt like bosses of the swamp. The Shoebill will stand there motionless like a statue. Some birds fluff up their feathers and open up their wings to catch a breeze that helping them cool.
So we can conclude that If the temperature is very cold then the Shoebill can't go outside.
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Which term describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material?.
Translocation is the term that describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material.
In the field of genetics, translocation can be described as a process in which alleles from a chromosome jump and attach themselves to another chromosome. The process of translocation can occur in between nonhomologous chromosomes and it results in an unusual rearrangement of the chromosomes.
The phenomenon of translocation is important when studying genetic diseases. Scientists have sequenced the entire human genome so it is easier to locate when a translocation takes place in an individual.
As translocation is just the rearranging of the alleles to another chromosome, there is no gain or loss in the genetic material.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Which term describes the rearranging of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes without a net loss or gain of genetic material?
-translocation
-frameshift
-crossing over
-inversion
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Two mechanisms that affect the genetic diveristy of bacterial population
Horizontal gene transfer involves several mechanisms that can increase the genetic diversity of bacterial populations.
One of these mechanisms is bacterial conjugation in which a donor cell transfers genetic material to a recipient cell through a pili which function as a conduit.
Another mechanism of variability is through bacteriophages where genetic material is moved from one bacterium to another, this method is called transduction.
what contributed to the dying out of the dinosaurs? development of birds lowering sea level worldwide meteorite impact in mexico; volcanism in india competition from mammals cold and glaciers in gondwana
Meteorite impact in Mexico; volcanism in India .Volcanism, also called vulcanism, refers to a wide range of processes and phenomena, such as volcanoes, geysers, and fumaroles, that include the surficial discharge of molten rock.
What is volcanism?Volcanism, also known as vulcanism or volcanicity, is the process of molten rock erupting onto the surface of the Earth, a planet or moon with a solid surface, and releasing lava, pyroclastic, and volcanic gases as a result.Volcanism, also called vulcanism, refers to a wide range of processes and phenomena, such as volcanoes, geysers, and fumaroles, that include the surficial discharge of molten rock, pyroclastic pieces, or hot water and steam.Although there are many other volcanic structures that might arise from erupted magma (such as cinder cones or lava domes) and processes that shape volcanoes, technically speaking there are only two major types of volcanoes: a stratovolcano and a shield volcano.To learn more about volcanism, refer to:
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