electron part of an atom exists in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.
The orbitals or shells that enclose an atom's nucleus are home to electrons. In the nucleus, protons and neutrons are present. In the atom's nucleus, they coalesce. An atom's nucleus is surrounded by electrons in distinct orbits. At whatever distance from the nucleus, electrons cannot just exist. The levels of these orbits are numbered 1, 2, 3, and so forth, with level 1 being the orbit closest to the nucleus. Take a look at the illustration on the right. Two electrons are contained in each orbital, and each has a unique spin. An atom's orbital is a pocket of space where an electron belonging to a certain subshell can be found.
What part of an atom exists in orbitals surrounding the nucleus?
A. electron
B. photon
C. neutron
D. proton
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in this activity, you will complete a virtual experiment to determine how the temperature of water affects the time it takes for antacid tablets to dissolve. pre-lab questions 1. how does an increase in concentration affect a chemical reaction? 2. when temperature increases, what happens to the molecules in a chemical reaction? 3. how do we measure the average kinetic motion of molecules in a solution?
1. An increase in concentration increases the speed of reaction.
2. When temperature increases, average speed of molecules increases.
3. Average kinetic motion of molecules in a solution can be measured by measuring the heat in the solution.
As concentration increases, number of molecules in the solution increase, hence the reaction becomes faster. Since these factors increase in value, the frequency of collisions between the reactant molecules in the solution will increase, so the probability of collisions in right orientation and with right energy will be higher. Increase in temperature will increase the average speed and kinetic energy of the molecules in solution. At constant volume, increased speed of reactant molecules in the solution will increase the probability of collisions in right orientation and right energy. Average kinetic energy of molecules in a solution can be measured using the equation, E=kT , where k = Boltzmann constant.
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the _____ functional group can always be found in a carbohydrate molecule.
Carbohydrates usually contain a carbonyl (=O) and hydroxyl (−OH) functional group.
Carbonyl (=O) and hydroxyl (=OH) functional groups are typically present in carbohydrates. In polysaccharides, where the hydroxyl groups typically establish hydrogen bonds with the carbonyl groups, the carbonyl group joins with a carbon atom to form a ring structure. Amino, carboxyl, and R are the functional groups found in proteins (variant). Note: Complex assemblies are created when proteins interact with other biological macromolecules and one another.
Based on the functional monomer found in carbs, this classification was created. Ketone and aldehyde serve as monomers in carbohydrates. That suggests that carbs are divided into aldose and ketose. Depending on how many carbon atoms there are, carbohydrates can be divided into numerous categories.
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How many grams of aluminum can be recovered from a 34. 5 g sample of Al2O3?
18.26 grams of aluminum can be recovered from a 34. 5 g sample of Al2O3.
Al is the chemical element's symbol, and its atomic number is 13. Aluminum has a density that is around one third that of steel, which is lower than that of most common metals. It has a strong affinity for oxygen, and when exposed to air, creates a protective oxide coating on the surface. Aluminum visually resembles silver due to similarities in colour and light-reflecting properties.
2Al2O3 → 2Al + 3O2
Al2O3 has a molecular weight of 102.
Al's atomic weight is 27.
We may write from the stoichiometric equation:
It is possible to recover 54 g of Al from 102 g of Al2O3.
So, 18.26 g of Al may be recovered from 34.5 g of Al2O3 (54/102).
There fore 18.26 g of aluminium is recovered.
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Which prediction is supported by the information in the table? K will give up an electron more easily than Br. Both K and Br will have the same pull on electrons. K will have a smaller size in comparison to Br. Both K and Br will produce ions of the same size
The prediction that is supported by the information in the table is: "K will give up an electron more easily than Br."
This can be determined by looking at the electron configuration of K and Br. Potassium (K) is located in group 1 of the periodic table and has one valence electron in its outermost shell. Bromine (Br) is located in group 17 of the periodic table and has seven valence electrons in its outermost shell. The closer an element is to the edge of a group, the more likely it is to lose electrons and form a positive ion (cation). As K is closer to the edge of group 1 and has fewer valence electrons than Br, it is more likely to lose an electron and become a cation, K+.
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Estimate the minimum detectable concentration of H2O2 if a small amount of catalase (solid) is added to a hydrogen peroxide solution in a calorimeter. Assume that a temperature rise of 2 0. 02oC can be distinguised. You can use a heat capacity of 4. 184 kJ/kg/K for the hydrogen peroxide solution
To estimate the minimum detectable concentration of H2O2, we need to determine the amount of heat released during the reaction between catalase and hydrogen peroxide and compare it with the minimum detectable temperature rise. The reaction between catalase and hydrogen peroxide can be represented as follows:
2H2O2 (aq) + Catalase --> 2H2O (l) + O2 (g)
The amount of heat released during the reaction can be calculated using the equation:
ΔH = - n * ΔH°
Where n is the number of moles of H2O2 and ΔH° is the standard enthalpy of reaction for the reaction between catalase and hydrogen peroxide. The standard enthalpy of reaction can be estimated from the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants and products.
Since the heat released by the reaction is proportional to the number of moles of H2O2, we can calculate the minimum detectable concentration of H2O2 by dividing the minimum detectable heat release by the heat capacity of the hydrogen peroxide solution and the ΔH°.
Assuming a heat capacity of 4.184 kJ/kg/K for the hydrogen peroxide solution and a temperature rise of 0.02oC, the minimum detectable heat release can be calculated as follows:
ΔQ = mcΔT
Where m is the mass of the hydrogen peroxide solution and c is the heat capacity.
Let's assume the mass of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 100 g. Then, the minimum detectable heat release can be calculated as follows:
ΔQ = (100 g) * (4.184 kJ/kg/K) * (0.02 K) = 0.83 kJ
The minimum detectable concentration of H2O2 can then be calculated as follows:
n = ΔQ / ΔH°
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An aqueous solution of hydrogen
peroxide, H₂O₂, decomposes to
form water and oxygen gas. Write
a balanced symbol equation,
including state symbols, for this
reaction.
When hydrogen peroxide
decomposes, what mass of
hydrogen peroxide is needed
in solution to produce 1.6g of
Oxygen gas?
According to the equation, hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution breaks down upon heat to produce oxygen: 2H2O2(aq)→2H2O(l)+O2(g).
To make 1.6g of oxygen gas, 34g of hydrogen peroxide must be in solution.
equation:
2H2O2 —————— O2 to 2H2O mole ratio is 2: 2: 1 RMM of O2 - (16*2) = 32 RFM of H2O2 - (1*2) + (16*2) = 34
1 Mole of O2 in 32 g? 1.6 g 1.6/32 = 0.5 moles
0.5*2 = 1 MOLE OF H2O2 and 34*34 = 34 g.
A hydrogen's position.It is mainly present in Jupiter, and is present in the sun and the majority of stars. Water is where hydrogen is found most frequently on Earth. It only occurs as a gas in the atmosphere at trace concentrations, less than 1 part per minute by volume.
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how many br- ions are present in 1.00 moles of febr3?
The chemical formula for ferric ion (Fe3+) is Fe(III) or Fe3+. To calculate the number of ions contained in a given quantity of a material, multiply the number of moles by FeBr3 Avogadro's number.
There would be 1.00 x Avogadro's number of Fe(III) ions in 1.00 mole of Fe(III) (FeBr3). The value of Avogadro's number is 6.022 x 1023 atoms or ions per mole. So there are roughly 6.022 x 1023 Fe(III) ions in 1.00 mole of FeBr3. Although commercially accessible at a low cost, FeBr3 may be made by treating iron metal with bromine:2 Fe+3 Br2 2 FeBr3 FeBr3 decomposes to ferrous bromide over 200 °C: 2FeBr3 + Br2 = 2FeBr2 + Br2 Because chlorine has a higher oxidizing activity, iron(III) chloride is much more stable. FeI3 is unstable because iron(III) oxidizes.For every mole of iron (III) bromide, which has the formula FeBr3 F e B r 3, three moles of bromide ions are present. The chemical compound with the formula FeBr3 is iron(III) bromide.
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(60 Points)
Stoichiometry Help
1. The following reaction shows calcium chloride reacting with silver nitrate. CaCl2 + AgNO3 → AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 How many grams of AgCl are produced from 30. 0 grams of CaCl2?
(Molar mass of Ca = 40. 078 g/mol, Cl = 35. 453 g/mol, O = 15. 999 g/mol, Ag = 107. 868 g/mol, N = 14. 007 g/mol)
A. 19. 4 grams
B. 38. 8 grams
C. 58. 2 grams
D. 77. 5 grams
2. A synthesis reaction takes place when carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H2) react to form methanol (CH3OH). How many grams of methanol are produced when 14 grams of carbon monoxide reacts with 1. 5 grams of hydrogen gas?
A. 6 grams
B. 8 grams
C. 12 grams
D. 16 grams
3. Read the chemical equation.
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
How many moles of MgCl2 are produced from 4 moles of HCl?
A. 0. 2
B. 0. 5
C. 1. 0
D. 2. 0
Since the equation for the given reaction is balanced, one mole of AgCl is created for every mole of CaCl2 that reacts. We may utilize the molar mass of CaCl2, which is (40.078 g/mol + 2*35.453 g/mol) = 111.012 g/mol.
to get the number of moles. Molar mass divided by mass equals a mole. moles equal 30 g / 111.012 g/mol, or 0.270 mol. CaCl2 and AgCl react 1:1, hence 0.270 mol of AgCl will be created from 0.270 mol of CaCl2 in this reaction. We may use the molar mass of AgCl, which is (107.868 g/mol + 35.453 g/mol) = 143.321 g/mol, to get the mass of AgCl created. mass is determined by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass. mass = 143.321 g/mol x 0.270 mol, or 38.89 g Therefore, 38.89 g of AgCl will In chemistry, a mole is a unit of measurement that is used to represent how much a chemical compound is present. Avogadro's number, or 6.022 x 1023, of particles makes up one mole of a material. The mole is an useful way to express extremely large amounts of atoms, ions, or molecules since this quantity is so huge. The mole is based on the mass and number of atoms or molecules in a sample of a material.
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Calculate mass of 3.24x10^-15 molecules of CO2
Answer:
Therefore, the mass of 3.24 x 10^-15 molecules of CO2 is approximately 7.304 x 10^-14 grams.
Explanation:
To calculate the mass of a certain number of molecules of a substance, you need to know the molar mass of the substance and convert the number of molecules to moles.
The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol. To convert the number of CO2 molecules to moles, we can use Avogadro's number which is 6.022 x 10^23.
So, moles of CO2 = (3.24 x 10^-15 ) / (6.022 x 10^23)
mass of CO2 = moles * molar mass = (3.24 x 10^-15 ) / (6.022 x 10^23) * 44.01 g/mol = 7.304 x 10^-14 g
Therefore, the mass of 3.24 x 10^-15 molecules of CO2 is approximately 7.304 x 10^-14 grams.
Which atom gives up its electrons most easily?
What is the formula for this ionic crystal ?
Answer:
ZnS
Explanation:
Because there are two tetrahedral holes per anion (sulfide ion) and one-half of these holes are occupied by zinc ions, there must be 1 2 1 2 × 2, or 1, zinc ion per sulfide ion. Thus, the formula is ZnS. Check Your Learning
The density of ether is 0.714 g/mL. What is the mass of 1.45 L of ether?
The mass of 1.45 L of ether is
4.9 x 10^-7 kg
It is given that
density of ether = 0.714 g/mL
volume of ether = 1.45 L = 1450 ml
We have to find mass of 1.45 L of ether
Density is the measurement of how tightly a material is packed together. It is defined as the mass per unit volume. Density Symbol, D or ρ Density Formula ρ = m/V, where ρ is the density, m is the mass of the object and V is the volume of the object.
Density = Mass/Volume
0.714 g/mL = Mass/1450 ml
Mass = 0.00049 gram
Mass = 4.9 x 10^-7 kg
Hence, mass of 1.45 L of ether is
4.9 x 10^-7 kg
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1,1-dibromo-4-methylhexane is treated first with excess sodium amide and quenched with water. catalytic hydrogenation affords what final product? (give correct iupac name.)
When 1,1-dibromo-4-methylhexane is treated first with excess sodium amide and quenched with water will give 1-bromo-4-methylhexane as the final product. This reaction is a reductive amination.
Here the sodium amide acts as a reducing agent to convert the C=C double bond into a C-C single bond and the nitrogen atom acts as a nucleophile to displace the bromine atom. The catalytic hydrogenation is then used to reduce the remaining C-Br bond to a C-H bond, which results in 1-bromo-4-methylhexane.
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an aqueous potassium carbonate solution is made by dissolving 6.97 moles of k2co3 in sufficient water so that the final volume of the solution is 4.00 l . calculate the molarity of the k2co3 solution.
According to the question the molarity of the k2co3 solution will be 1.74 M.
Why is potassium carbonate used in food?In baked goods like cakes, wafers, and cookies, potash carbonate can take the place of bicarbonate. Foods become significantly healthier and retain a significant amount of their yeast power thanks to the reduction in salt content.
What does potassium carbonate do to water?Breads, biscuits, or other baked products can be made using potassium carbonate instead of sodium hydroxide. As a result, meals become considerably healthier and retain a significant amount of their leavening power.
Molarity=No. of moles/Volume of Soln.
M= 6.97/4.00
M= 1.74M
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Question 1: How many molecules are there in 67g of CO2?
Question2: What is the mass of 3.01 x 1023 atoms of FeO? Round to two decimal places.
Question3: If a sample contained 9.65 x 1023 atoms of iodine, how many grams would this be? Round to one decimal point.
1. The number of molecules in 67g of CO2 can be calculated using the molar mass of CO2, which is 44.01 g/mol. To find the number of molecules, we divide the mass of CO2 (67g) by the molar mass of CO2 (44.01 g/mol). This gives us: 67g / 44.01 g/mol = 1.52 x 10^23 molecules of CO2.
2. The mass of 3.01 x 10^23 atoms of FeO can be calculated using the molar mass of FeO, which is 71.847 g/mol. To find the mass, we multiply the number of atoms (3.01 x 10^23) by the molar mass of FeO (71.847 g/mol). This gives us: 3.01 x 10^23 atoms * 71.847 g/mol = 217.31 g
3. To calculate the mass of 9.65 x 10^23 atoms of iodine, we can use the molar mass of iodine, which is 126.904 g/mol. To find the mass, we multiply the number of atoms (9.65 x 10^23) by the molar mass of iodine (126.904 g/mol). This gives us: 9.65 x 10^23 atoms * 126.904 g/mol = 1218.56 g rounded to one decimal point.
if 13.90 ml of 0.695 m koh is required to titrate the unknown acid to the equivalence point, what is the concentration of the unknown acid?
The concentration of the unknown acid is calculated to be 9.6605/ volume of the unknown acid
The following formula can be used to calculate the concentration of the unknown acid;
as we know moles is concentration multiply by volume
so,
C₁V₁ = n₁
C₂V₂ = n₂
Where C is concentration v is volume and n is moles. C₁V₁ is unknown acid and C₂V₂ is KOH
At the equivalence point;
n₁ =n₂
Therefore;
C₁V₁ = C₂V₁
Assuming that the volume of KOH is 13.90 ml and that (concentration of the unknown acid) = 0.695 M
Therefore, C₁ or concentration of unknown acid can be calculated as follows;
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
C₁ = C₂V₂ / V₁
C₁ = 0.695 x 13.90 / V₁
Ca = 9.6605 / V₁
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A Maillard Reaction occurs when proteins and sugars break down and rearrange themselves into ring-like structures that reflect light. What does this do for foods like cookies, turkeys, and burgers?
The Maillard reaction creates brown pigments in cooked meat in a very specific way: by rearranging amino acids and certain simple sugars, which then arrange themselves in rings and collections of rings that reflect light in such a way as to give the meat a brown color.
The advanced Maillard reaction involves breaking down the Amadori product into a variety of fission products that are composed of the sugar-amino complex. In the ultimate Maillard reaction, amino compounds and sugar fragments condense to form polymerized proteins and brown pigments called melanoidins. In the Maillard reaction, an organic chemical process, reducing sugars and amino acids combine to create a complex brew of chemicals. The distinct flavour and aroma of browned food are the result of this process. The French chemist Louis Camille Maillard's name is associated with the Maillard reaction.
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You have piece of copper that has a mass of 3.8 grams. How much energy/heat (in units of Joules) is needed to warm the
piece of copper from 11°C to 27°C? The specific heat of copper is 0.32 Joules/((1g)(1°C))
Answer:To find the amount of energy needed to warm the piece of copper from 11°C to 27°C, you can use the formula:
Energy = (mass of copper) x (specific heat of copper) x (change in temperature)
So in this case, the energy would be:
Energy = (3.8 grams) x (0.32 Joules/((1g)(1°C))) x (27°C - 11°C)
Energy = 3.8 x 0.32 x 16
Energy = 12.288 Joules
Therefore, 12.288 Joules of energy is needed to warm the piece of copper from 11°C to 27°C.
Explanation:
PARTICULATES in the air, including ---(1)---, from DIESEL
ENGINES and DUST causes ---(2)--- problems in humans
PARTICULATES in the air, including particulate matter, from DIESEL
ENGINES and DUST cause respiratory and cardiovascular health problems in humans
What is particulate matter(PM)?This refers to solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. PM can be gotten from many places. In general, any type of burning or dust-generating activities are sources of PM. Some examples are Emissions (from vehicles and industrial plant smokestacks) etc.
We have two categories of particulate matter: primary and secondary particulate matter.
Primary particulate matter is emitted directly from:
construction sites wildfires wood burning gravel pitsagricultural activities dusty roads.Secondary particulate matter is formed in the atmosphere as a result of complex chemical reactions.
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Water is then released and passes through a turbine to produce what?
Water is released and passes through a turbine to produce electricity.
A mechanical device called a turbine transforms the kinetic energy of moving water into mechanical energy. A generator is then used to turn this mechanical energy into electrical energy. A shaft connects the turbine and generator, allowing the turbine to spin the generator and generate power. The turbine's blades spin as the water passes past it, spinning the generator, which produces power. This method is referred to as hydropower and is a renewable energy source.
The ideas Faraday established form the foundation of how a generator works. He discovered that moving a magnet past a conductor makes electricity flow. In a large generator, electromagnets are made by circulating direct current through loops of wire wound around stacks of magnetic steel laminations. These are called field poles and are mounted on the perimeter of the rotor.
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CARBOHYDRATES WORKSHOP
Cx(H2O)y is the general formula for carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the carbon hydrate in its natural form.
Which of the three carbohydrate structures are they?Three subtypes of carbohydrates—monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides—are recognized in the literature.Cx(H2O)y is the general formula for carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the carbon hydrate in its natural form. In the same ratio as water, they are composed of hydrogen and oxygen. It should be noted that not all carbohydrates follow the rule Cx(H2O)y. For instance, 2-deoxyribose C5H10O4 does not follow the rule.The four main categories of carbohydrates are monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides, depending on the degree of polymerization.Only molecules of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen make up the organic compounds known as carbohydrates.To learn more about carbohydrates refer to:
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calculate the volume in milliliters of a m sodium chloride solution that contains of sodium chloride . round your answer to significant digits.
The NaCl solution has a 1.7 L volume.
Molarity (M) is calculated by dividing the volume of the solution (V) in liters by the number of moles of solute (n). Not moles of solute per liter of solvent, but rather moles of solute per liter of solution, is a crucial distinction to make when defining molarity.
The volume of the NaCl solution is 1.7 L.
First step: Information is given
The molarity of sodium chloride is 1.8 M.
The mass of sodium chloride is 175 grams.
The molecular weight of sodium chloride is 58.44 g/mol.
Step 2: Calculate the moles of sodium chloride.
Mass NaCl divided by molar mass NaCl equals moles of NaCl.
58.44 grams/mole of sodium chloride, or 175.0 grams
2.995 moles are equal to one NaCl mole.
3. Calculate the volume of the solution.
Ratio of volume to mole
Volume equals Molarity times Molar NaCl.
Volume = 1.9 M / 2.995 M
= 1.66 to 2.7 liters in volume.
The NaCl solution has a 1.7 L volume.
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Complete Question -
Calculate the volume in liters of a 1.8M sodium chloride solution that contains 175. g of sodium chloride (NaCI). Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Rank these cars in order of increasing momentum:
Car A: 1000 Kg moving at 20 m/s
Car B: 1200 Kg moving at 30 m/s Car C: 2000 Kg moving at 3 m/s
Car C has the highest momentum, followed by Car B, and Car A has the lowest momentum.
Calculate the momentum of each car?Car C: 2000 Kg moving at 3 m/s Car A: 1000 Kg moving at 20 m/sCar B: 1200 Kg moving at 30 m/sMomentum is calculated by multiplying the mass of an object by its velocity. This means that Car C has the highest momentum of 2000 Kg x 3 m/s = 6000 kg m/s. Car B has a momentum of 1200 Kg x 30 m/s = 36000 kg m/s. Finally, Car A has a momentum of 1000 Kg x 20 m/s = 20000 kg m/s. Thus, the order of increasing momentum is Car A, Car B, and Car C. When two objects collide, the total momentum of both objects before the collision is equal to the total momentum of both objects post-collision, which is known as the law of conservation of momentum. Car C has the highest momentum before the collision, so it will have the highest momentum after the collision as well. This means that Car C will have the highest kinetic energy after the collision, and will be the most difficult to stop. Car B will have the second highest momentum, and Car A will have the lowest. In conclusion, the order of increasing momentum is Car A, Car B, and Car C. Car C has the highest momentum, followed by Car B, and Car A has the lowest momentum. This order is important to consider when two cars are involved in a collision, as it will determine which car will have the highest kinetic energy after the collision.To learn more about Momentum refer to:
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PLS HELP WITH CHEMISTRY 19! PLS
ANSWER ALL SQUARES
In a compound, which type of bond is the sharing of electrons between adjacent atoms?
Covalent bonds are what occur when nearby atoms share electrons inside a molecule. Atoms share electrons in a covalent connection in order to reach their highest energy level.
Covalent bonds are also referred to as the valence shell because they have the right amount of electrons for a stable noble gas arrangement. Atoms can attain a more stable electron configuration and create a chemical bond because to this sharing of electrons.
The strength of the bond and the characteristics of the compound are determined by the amount of electrons shared, which is dependent on the number of electrons required to fill the valence shells of the atoms involved.
However, certain metal atoms may also create covalent bonds with non-metal atoms. Covalent bonds are commonly formed between non-metal elements. It is significant to remember that there are other types of bonds besides covalent ones, including ionic and metallic bonds.
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How many mL of butane would you
add to hexane to make 750 mL of a
25.0% by volume butane solution?
Considering the definition of volume percentage, 187.5 mL of butane you would add to hexane to make 750 mL of a 25.0% by volume butane solution
Volume percentageVolume Percentage is defined as the ratio of the volume of the component to the volume of the solution, expressed as a percentage. That is, it refers to the volume of solute per 100 volume units of the solution.
The volume percentage of a solution is determined by the following expression:
Volume Percentage= (volume of solute÷ volume of solution) ×100%
Volume of butaneIn this case, you know:
volume percentage= 25 %volume of solute= ?volume of solution= 750 mLReplacing in the definition of volume percentage:
25%= (volume of solute÷ 750 mL) ×100%
Solving:
25%÷ 100%= volume of solute÷ 750 mL
0.25= volume of solute÷ 750 mL
0.25× 750 mL= volume of solute
187.5 mL= volume of solute
Finally, the volume of butane in the solution is 187.5 mL.
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for which principle of relative age is the grand canyon a clear example?
Answer: 1,840 million years old.
Explanation:
If a sample of metal has a
mass of 45.9g and occupies
a volume of 17.0 mL. What
is the metal if:
Copper-8.96 g/cm³
Aluminum = 2.70 g/cm³
Iron = 7.86 g/cm³
The identity of the metal that has a mass of 45.9g and volume or 17.0mL is aluminium (2.7g/mL) (option B).
How to calculate density?Density is the measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume. The density of a substance can be calculated using the following formula;
Density = mass ÷ volume
According to this question, if a sample of metal has a mass of 45.9g and occupies a volume of 17.0 mL, the density can be calculated as follows:
Density = 45.9g ÷ 17.0mL
Density = 2.7g/mL
Therefore, the identity of the metal is aluminium with a density of 2.7g/mL.
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1.
Part II: True Statements
Directions: Circle the word in parentheses that makes each statement true.
New substances are formed during a (physical, chemical) change.
Many physical and chemical changes are affected by (light, temperature).
3.
A (physical, chemical) change is one where no new substances are formed.
2.
Independent Practice
4.
5.P 9.1 Chemical and Physical Changes
The mass of a melted candle (will, will not) change, but the mass of a burned
candle (will, will not) change.
The mass of a melted candle will not change after it has been melted.
The mass of a melted candleThis is an example of a physical change, where the form of the candle has changed but it is still made up of the same elements and compounds.On the other hand, the mass of a burned candle will change, as the candle is no longer made of the same elements and compounds.This is an example of a chemical change, where new substances are formed from the original elements and compounds.Both physical and chemical changes can be affected by light and temperature.For example, when a candle is exposed to heat and light, the temperature of the candle increases and the candle will begin to melt.This is a physical change that is affected by light and temperature.Similarly, when a candle is exposed to heat and light, the temperature of the candle increases and the candle will begin to burn.This is a chemical change that is affected by light and temperature, as the burning of the candle creates new substances such as smoke and ash.To learn more about The mass of a melted candle refer to:
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calculate the separation r in nanometers beyond which the inter- action energy between a barium ion and a bromide ion falls below kt at room temperature in a vacuum.
At room temperature in a vacuum, the distance r in nanometers beyond which the interaction energy between a barium ion and a bromide ion drops below kt is 334400 nm.
The electrostatic force between two charges is expressed mathematically as, [tex]F_e=k\frac{Q_1\times Q_2}{r^2}[/tex] where Q₁ and Q₂ represent the charges, r represents the distance between the charges, and k (9×10⁹ Nm²/C²) represents the Coulombs constant.
Also, charge on Barium,
[tex]\begin{aligned}Q_1&=+2p\\&= \mathrm{2\times1.6\times10^{-19}\;C}\\&= \mathrm{3.2\times10^{-19}\;C}\end{aligned}[/tex]
The charge on Bromide ion,
[tex]\begin{aligned}Q_2&=-1p\\&= \mathrm{-1\times1.6\times10^{-19}\; C} \\&= \mathrm{-1.6\times10^{-19}\; C}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Then,
[tex]\begin{aligned} F_e&=\frac{(9\times10^9\times 3.2\times10^{-19}\times1.6\times10^{-19})}{r^2}\\&= \frac{(46\times10^{-29})}{r^2}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Also, F= kT where k represents the Boltzmann constant and T represents the room temperature (298 K).
Then,
[tex]\begin{aligned}F&=\mathrm{1.38\times10^{-23}\;J/K\times298\;K}\\&=\mathrm{41.124\times 10^{-22}\; J}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Solving both forces,
[tex]\begin{aligned}\frac{46\times10^{-29}}{r^2}& = 41.124 \times 10^{-22}\\r^2&=\frac{46\times10^{-29}}{41.124 \times 10^{-22}}\\&=1.1185\times10^{-7}\\r&=\mathrm{3.344\times10^{-4}\;m}\\&=\mathrm{334400\;nm}\end{aligned}[/tex]
The required answer in nanometers is 334400 nm.
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