These comprise variables that you alter to test a hypothesis, variables that you measure to ascertain findings, and variables that you maintain constant to design an experiment that is legitimate.
The fundamental categories of variable that are pertinent to experiments are as follows. A variable that is altered as part of an experiment is known as an independent variable. constant variables used throughout the investigation. the amount of water provided to each plant, the room's temperature and lighting conditions, and other factors. Three dependent and one independent variables make up this experiment. The biomass of the crops during harvest is the dependent variable. The definition of your variables and the choices you make regarding their manipulation and measurement are crucial components of experimental design.
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why is it more effective to perform an extraction with several small portions of solvent as opposed to one large portion of solvent of equal volume? byu
It is more effective to perform an extraction with several small portions of solvent as opposed to one large portion of solvent of equal volume because the amount of the material left in the trash will be less.
The extraction of certain ratio of the solute is able to the distribute among the phases during each extraction. The various extractions with the lesser amounts of the solvent are more efficient than the single extraction with the huge amount of solvent.
The extraction is about to maximize the outside field of the communication between the two solvents, we can easily get the more surface area in the contact with the fewer amounts.
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large organic molecules are built on a carbon skeleton, but their unique chemical properties are determined primarily by _______________________________ that are attached to the carbon skeleton.
large organic molecules are built on a carbon skeleton, but their unique chemical properties are determined primarily by functional groups that are attached to the carbon skeleton.
The functional groups are the grouping of the components in which the different chemical reaction of theses molecule are depends. The unique chemical properties are determined by the the primarily functional groups.
The few example of functional group is given below as :
C₂H₅OH CH₃COCH₃ CH₃ CH₂ CH₂CHO
Ethanol Propanone Butanal
Alcohol Ketone Aldehyde
These are the some examples of functional groups.
Thus, the unique properties are determine by the functional groups that are attached to the carbon skeleton.
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the number of protons in an uncharged atom group of answer choices determines the mass number determines the number of isotopes equals the number of electrons in the outer orbital of the atom equals the number of electrons
The number of protons in an uncharged atom is always equal to the number of electrons in the atom.
One of the three fundamental elements that make up an atom is a proton. In the atom's nucleus, protons can be detected. At the heart of each atom, there is a small, dense zone.
Electrons are fundamental particles, not the smaller, more elementary particles that make up protons and neutrons. An electron has an electric charge of -1, which is equal to the electric charge of a proton but is the opposite of it. The location of electrons in an atom differs from that of protons and neutrons, which are found inside the nucleus. Since their electric charges are in opposition to one another, negative electrons are pulled to the positive nucleus.
Except for the majority of hydrogen atoms, the atomic nuclei of all elements contain neutrons. Unlike protons and electrons, which have charges, neutrons are electrically neutral; they have no charge.
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why are viruses referred to as being obligate parasites ?
glucose indicator was added to a beaker of an unknown liquid. starch indicator was added to a different beaker containing the same unknown liquid. the color of the indicator solution before they were added to the beakers and the color of the contents of the beakers after adding the indicator solution are recorded in the chart below. which carbohydrate is present in the unknown liquid and why?
The mixture in beaker 2. changed color due to the presence of starch in the unknown liquid.
How does organic chemistry define glucose?A e-9, glucose is a form of carbohydrate. It is made from carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen atoms. Due to the presence of carbon atoms, fructose is an organic substance.
What really is glucose and what does it do?Blood sugar, often known as glucose, is the main sugar found in your blood. It comes from the food we eat and is used as your body's main source of energy. Your blood supplies glucose to all the tissues in your body, which then uses it as fuel. Diabetes is a disorder when your glucose levels levels are too high.
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what would be the best technique for mixing a nice medium range color such as a medium green, one that is midway between blue and yellow?
The best technique for mixing color to create a nice medium green color is to mix equal parts of blue and yellow paint.
When mixing colors, it is important to understand the color wheel and the primary colors. The primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. By mixing two primary colors together, you can create the secondary colors.
In this case, if you mix blue and yellow paint together, you will create a medium green color. However, you should experiment with the ratios of blue and yellow paint until you achieve the desired shade of green. Additionally, you can also add small amounts of other colors such as white or black to adjust the value and saturation of the green color.
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are electric car batteries bad for the environment?
The environmental impact of electric car batteries depends on the source of the electricity used to charge them and the method of disposal or recycling of the batteries.
If the electricity used to charge the batteries comes from renewable sources, the environmental impact is minimal. However, if the electricity comes from fossil fuels, the environmental impact can be significant. Additionally, proper disposal or recycling of batteries is important to minimize environmental impact. The environment refers to the natural surroundings and conditions in which people, animals, and plants live. It includes everything from the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we live on, and the weather patterns that affect us.
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1. Make two observations about temperature and salinity on the Caribbean and Pacific sides of
Panama.
Observation #1:
Observation #2:
The two observations about temperature and salinity on the Caribbean and Pacific sides of Panama are:
Observation #1: The Caribbean side of Panama generally has higher temperatures than the Pacific side.Observation #2: The Pacific side of Panama generally has higher salinity levels than the Caribbean side.What are the observations about?Observation #1: The Caribbean side of Panama generally has higher temperatures than the Pacific side due to its location closer to the equator. The Caribbean coast of Panama is generally hotter and more humid than the Pacific side. Additionally, trade winds blowing from east to west across the Caribbean Sea can bring warm and humid air to the Caribbean coast of Panama.
Note that Observation #2: The Pacific side of Panama generally has higher salinity levels than the Caribbean side. This is because the Pacific Ocean is saltier than the Caribbean Sea, due to the fact that the Pacific Ocean has a larger surface area and receives less freshwater from rivers. Additionally, the Panama Canal, which connects the Pacific and Caribbean, allows for a mix of water between the two bodies of water, but the Pacific water is saltier and more dense and the effect of the canal is to reduce the salinity of the Caribbean.
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Question
*Drag each tile to the correct location on the concept map", for the question.
Read the Instructions for this self-checked activity. Respond to each question, and check your answers. At the
end of the activity, write a brief
evaluation of your work.
The Rank of the diseases in order by number of deaths are:
Heart disease: 647,457 deaths per yearCancer: 599,108 deaths per yearChronic lower respiratory diseases: 160,201 deaths per yearStroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 146,383 deaths per yearAlzheimer’s disease: 121,404 deaths per year.What is the disease about?Heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of death globally, with heart disease causing the most deaths each year. Heart disease can refer to a variety of conditions that affect the heart, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and hypertension. These conditions can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, lifestyle choices, and certain medical conditions.
Note that Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. There are many different types of cancer, each with its own causes and risk factors. Some common types of cancer include lung cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer.
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19. what should the difference be from entering water temperature to exiting water temperature in a water cooled condenser using a recirculating water loop?
The difference be from the entering water temperature to the exiting water temperature in the water cooled condenser using the recirculating water loop is 10 °F.
When using the water-cooled condenser, the water should be constantly move over the condenser. For this process, the water should flow in and at the bottom of part and water should flow out at the top part. A water-cooled condenser will lasts years longer, the maintenance is not neglected. water-cooled condenser has the higher heat transfer rate.
Thus, 10 °F is the difference be from the entering the water temperature to the exiting water temperature .
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the building block of all elements and the smallest component into which an element can be divided is called ?
The building block of all elements and the smallest component into which an element can be divided is called an atom. An atom is the fundamental unit of matter that makes up all elements. It is composed of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and electrons, which orbit around the nucleus. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines what element the atom belongs to.
charcoal from an ancient fire pit is found to have a carbon-14 activity of 0.121 bq per gram of carbon. what is the age of the fire pit? brainly
This fire pit would be 1.6 * 10³ years old, based on the supplied statement.
What uses does carbon serve?Metal smelting makes use of dirty carbon in the shape of coke made from coal and charcoal made from wood. It is crucial for the steel and iron industries in particular. Electric drive brushes, furnaces linings, etc pencils all make use of carbon. Processes for filtration and purification use chemical..
We must determine how long the charcoal sample has been deteriorating in order to determine its age:
[tex]$$\begin{gathered}t=\frac{1}{\lambda} \cdot \ln \left(\frac{R_0}{R}\right) \\\lambda=\frac{\ln 2}{T_{1 / 2}}\end{gathered}$$[/tex]
Combined we get.
[tex]$$t=\frac{5730 \text { year }}{\ln 2} \cdot \ln \left(\frac{\frac{15}{1}}{\frac{63}{5}}\right)$$[/tex]
Finally:
[tex]$$t=1.6 \cdot 10^3 \text { year }$$[/tex]
Result
[tex]$$t=1.6 \cdot 10^3 \text { years }$$[/tex]
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Suppose that two students perform a titration experiment multiple times, resulting in the average concentrations reported here. Student A 0.125 ± 0.008 M Student B 0.12 ± 0.03 M
The more precise work was done by ___ because ____
Student A because they have a lower margin of error (0.008 M) than Student B (0.03 M) due to their average concentration. This suggests that compared to Student B's results, Student A's measurements were
A core or usual number within a set of data is often what is meant by the phrase "average." The mean, median, and mode are a few methods for calculating averages. The mean is calculated by dividing the total number of values in a collection of data by the number of values in the When a set of data is sorted in order, the median is the midway value.The value that appears most frequently in a collection of data is called the mode.The most frequent method for calculating averages in statistics is the mean, however depending on how the data are distributed, the median or mode may be more suitable.
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What do these two changes have in common? melting glass, a puddle freezing into ice on a cold night. Select all that apply. Both are caused by cooling. Both are changes of state. Both result in a different type of matter than was there before. Both are chemical changes.
The common in melting glass and a puddle freezing into ice on a cold night is because both processes involve the transformation of a solid into a liquid or the transformation of a liquid into a solid.
What do you mean by transformation?
Transformation in chemistry is the process of changing a chemical compound from one form to another. This includes the conversion of one element into another, the conversion of an ionic compound into a molecular compound, and the conversion of a solid into a liquid or a gas. Transformation can also refer to the process of changing the physical or chemical properties of a substance.
The two changes in question have these three elements in common:
a. Both are caused by cooling.
b. Both are changes of state.
c. Both result in a different type of matter than was there before.
The two changes in question have these three elements in common: they are both caused by cooling, they are both changes of state, and they both result in a different type of matter than was there before. However, they are not both chemical changes; melting glass is a physical change, while a puddle freezing into ice is a chemical change.
Hence, option A, B and C are correct.
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Calculate the percent ma of olute in thi aqueou olution 5.50g of NaBr in 78.2g of olution.
The percent mass of solute in 5.50 g of NaBr in 78.2 g of solution is 7.03%.
A solute's percentage by mass in a solution tells you how many grammes of that solute there are in every 100 grammes of the solution. It's vital to remember that the solute always constitutes a smaller portion of the mixture than the solvent. The mass of the solvent and the mass of the solute together make up the total mass of a solution. By dividing the mass of the solute by the entire mass of the solution, we may get the concentration in percent by mass.
% by mass = [tex]\frac{mass of solute}{mass of solution}[/tex] × 100
We may directly calculate the percent by mass of NaBr in the solution using the solute mass and total solution mass, as illustrated.
% of NaBr = [tex]\frac{5.50}{78.2}[/tex] × 100
or, % of NaBr = 7.03%.
Hence the percent mass is 7.03%.
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vapor density is a type of physical data contained on a msds. True or false
vapor density is a type of physical data contained on a msds is True. (MSDS) Material Safety Data Sheet.
A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that details how to handle chemical products safely as well as any possible risks to human health, property, or the environment. It is a crucial place to start when creating a comprehensive health and safety programme. It also includes details on how to use, store, and handle it. Weight of a gas or vapour in relation to the weight of an equivalent amount of air (air=1) is known as vapour density. Greater than 1 density means something is heavier than air, while less than 1 density means something is lighter than air. Just above the earth, vapours that are heavier than air might move and could cause an explosion or fire.
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If zinc replaces iron, iron replaces lead, and zinc replaces lead in a chemical reaction, the order of activity from most active to least active is _____.
zinc, iron, lead. If zinc replaces iron, iron replaces lead, and zinc replaces lead in a chemical reaction, the order of activity from most active to least active is zinc, iron, lead.
Even though the body only requires minute quantities of zinc, almost 100 enzymes depend on it to perform essential chemical processes. It plays a crucial role in the production of DNA, cell proliferation, the synthesis of proteins, the repair of damaged tissue, and the maintenance of a strong immune system. With the atomic number 30 and the symbol Zn, zinc is a chemical element. When the oxidation is eliminated, zinc transforms into a shiny-greyish metal that is slightly brittle at normal temperature. It is the first element in the table's group 12 of elements.With the atomic number 30 and the symbol Zn, zinc is a chemical element. When the oxidation is eliminated, zinc transforms into a shiny-greyish metal.
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.What happens when we change a substance from a solid to a liquid to a gas?
When a substance changes from a solid to a liquid, it is undergoing a process called melting. During this process, energy is added to the substance in the form of heat. This energy causes the bonds between the atoms or molecules in the solid to break, allowing them to move freely and take on the characteristics of a liquid.
We can understand by many ways such as when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, it is undergoing a process called vaporization or boiling. During this process, energy is added to the substance in the form of heat. This energy causes the bonds between the atoms or molecules in the liquid to break, allowing them to move freely and take on the characteristics of a gas.
When a substance changes from a gas to a liquid or a solid, it is undergoing a process called condensation or solidification. During this process, energy is removed from the substance in the form of heat. This energy causes the atoms or molecules in the gas to lose their kinetic energy, slowing down their movement and allowing them to bind together, taking on the characteristics of a liquid or a solid.
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The Correct Question is:-
What will be the reaction when we change any substance from solid to liquid gas?
The alkali metals lithium, sodium, and potassium react violently with water,
The reaction becomes more explosive as you move from top to bottom down
the group. What can you conclude about the rate laws for these reactions as
you move down the group from lithium to potassium?
the rate constant increases because the reactions are faster. The alkali metals lithium, sodium, and potassium react violently with water, The reaction becomes more move from top to bottom down.
Due to its strong reactivity, potassium creates this gas the fastest, leading to the violent explosion. Because sodium and lithium have lesser reactivities than other elements (lithium being the lowest), their reactions aren't quite as explosive. Similarily, 53/20 x 250/1000 = 0.6625g of anhydrous sodium carbonate is needed to make a 250 ml solution of N/20. Therefore, 0.6625g of anhydrous sodium carbonate needs to be dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water to produce a N/20 solution.and potassium react violently with water, The reaction becomes more explosive as you move from top to bottom down.anhydrous sodium carbonate is needed to make a 250 ml solution of N/20. Therefore.
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Look at Figure 1. In the ionic compound NaCl, the sodium ion is the cation. What pattern do you observe in the first word in the names for the other ionic compounds?
We observe the same pattern as Ionic compounds are formed by electrically neutral cation-anion pairs. Ionic bonds hold together ionic compounds. They are named with the cation name first, then the anion name, with the word "ion" omitted.
The charge on cations is positive. They are made of metals on the periodic table's left side. The primary group of metals (Groups 1–8) form cations with a single, fixed charge. The charge corresponds to the periodic table's Group (column) number. After the element name, add the word "ion" to form the cation name.
Anions are charged negatively. They are composed of nonmetals, which are found on the periodic table's right side. Using the Octet Rule, the negative charge is found to be eight (8) minus the Group number. Anions have a single, fixed charge at all times. By changing the element name suffix to "-ide" and adding the word "ion" after the element name, the anion name is formed.
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the maximum number of electrons that may occupy the third energy level is
Eight electrons are the most that can fit into the third energy level. This is due to the Aufbau principle, which states that the third energy level, often known as the "n=3" level, can only store a maximum of 8 electrons.
According to the Aufbau principle, electrons first occupy orbitals with the lowest energies. Three subshells make up the third energy level: the 3s, 3p, and 3d. The 3s may carry two electrons, the 3p six, and the 3d ten; however, only eight electrons are present since the lowest energy subshell is filled first.Subatomic particles called electrons circle the atomic nucleus of an atom while having a negative charge. They are found in the electron cloud or electron shell, which is positioned outside the nucleus. The chemical characteristics of atoms and how they interact with other atoms are determined by the ratio of the number of protons in the nucleus to the number of electrons in an atom.Quantum mechanics is responsible for regulating the behavior of electrons in atoms.
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The improvement of energy efficiency in the United States is important. Which scenario is least
likely to occur due to improved energy efficiency in the United States?
O Allow more time to improve use of renewable resources.
O Increase environmental problems.
Make nonrenewable resources last longer.
Reduce dependence on other countries.
how many milliliters of 0.650 m k2cro4 are needed to precipitate all the silver in 415 ml of 0.186 m agno3 as ag2cro4(s)?
The milliliters of the 0.650 M K₂CrO₄ are needed to precipitate the silver in the 415 ml of 0.186 M AgNO₃ as Ag₂CrO₄ is 58.4 mL.
The reaction is given as :
K₂CrO₄ + 2AgNO₃ ---> 2KNO₃ + Ag₂CrO₄
The molarity of AgNO₃ = 0.186 M
The volume of AgNO₃ = 415 mL
Moles = molarity × volume
= 0.186 × 0.415
= 0.077 mol
Moles of K₂CrO₄ = 0.077 / 2
= 0.038 mol
The volume of K₂CrO₄ = moles / molarity
= 0.038 / 0.650
= 0.0584 L
= 58.4 mL
Thus the volume of K₂CrO₄ needed to precipitate all the silver is 58.4 mL .
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consider the (100), (110), and (111) planes in a silicon crystal. what is the surface atom density (number of atoms per cm2) for each of the planes?
Answer:single crystal surfaces
Explanation:
Which behavior is a response that is determined by heredity?
Responses
fighting for protection
fighting for protection
All behaviors are determined by heredity.
All behaviors are determined by heredity.
hunting in packs
hunting in packs
sleeping
Answer:
sleeping
Explanation:
......hope this helps, :)
the concentration of toluene (c {7}h {8}) in subsurface soil samples collected after an underground storage tank was removed indicated the toluene concentration was 5 mg/kg. what is the toluene concentration in ppm {m}?
We may use the following conversion factor to convert toluene concentration from mg/kg to ppm: 1 mg/kg equals 1 ppm As a result, the toluene content in subsurface soil samples.
We must multiply the toluene concentration by a conversion factor in order to change it from mg/kg to ppm.
1 ppm is equal to 1 mg/kg * (106 g per kilogramme) / (93 g/mol)
The resulting value is 5 mg/kg * (106 g / 1 kg) / (93 g/mol) = 5 * (106) / 93 = 537,924.19 ppm.
As a result, there are 537,924.19 ppm of toluene in the soil samples.
To convert from mg/kg to ppm, multiply the concentration by the conversion factor (1,000,000 mg/kg).subsurface soil samples collected after an underground storage tank was removed indicated the toluene concentration was 5 mg/kg. what is the toluene concentration in ppm {m}Toluene is a molecular weight of 92.14 g/mol chemical molecule.
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beryllium's atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4. how many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom?
The number of neutrons possessed by beryllium with atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4 is 5 neutrons.
What is neutron?A neutron is a subatomic particle with no charge that is a component of an atom's nucleus.
By deducting the number of protons or atomic number from the mass number, one can determine the number of neutrons that make up an atom of an element.
In other words, the number of neutrons equals the mass number minus the number of protons.
This suggests that the proton number or atomic number of beryllium is 4. An isotope of beryllium-9 has the following number of neutrons:
Neutron number = 9 - 4 = 5.
Because of this, an isotope of beryllium-9 has five neutrons.
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a scientist is interested in studying different elements. she has 4 different chemicals on her bench. examine the list of chemicals. how many different elements does she have available to study? chemical namechemical formula phosphoric acid h3po4 glucose c6h12o6 epsom salts mgso4 chlorate of potash kclo3
The different types of the elements does she have available to study are :
Hydrogen, Phosphorus , Oxygen, Carbon, Magnesium, Sulphur, Potassium, Chlorine.
1) The chemical formula of the phosphoric acid is : H₃PO₄
Elements : Hydrogen, phosphorus, oxygen
2) The chemical formula of the glucose is : C₆H₁₂O₆
Elements : Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen
3) The chemical formula of the Epsom salts is : MgSO₄
Elements : Magnesium, Sulfur, Oxygen
4) The chemical formula of the chlorate of potash is : KClO₃
Elements : Potassium, Chlorine and Oxygen.
Thus, the Hydrogen, Phosphorus , Oxygen, Carbon, Magnesium, Sulphur, Potassium, Chlorine are the different elements to study.
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The rate constant of the first-order reaction A→3B is 0. 291 s−1. The concentration of A at t=5 seconds is 0. 081 mol/L. What was the initial concentration of A?
The initial concentration of A is 3.58 mol/L.
To calculate the initial concentration of A, we must first consider the rate equation for the reaction. The rate equation is given by:
Rate = k[A]
where k is the rate constant and [A] is the concentration of A. Rearranging the rate equation gives the following:
[A] = Rate/k
Therefore, we can calculate the initial concentration of A by substituting the rate constant and the concentration at t=5 seconds into the rate equation, giving us:
[A] = 0.291 s−1 / 0.081 mol/L
This gives us an initial concentration of A of 3.58 mol/L.
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assuming all the salts below are the same concentration, which salt would lower the freezing point of water the most?
The salt that would lower the freezing point of water the most is sodium chloride.
Sodium chloride is the most effective salt at decreasing the freezing point of water. This is because sodium chloride has the highest solubility of all the salts, meaning that it can dissolve and form a solution with a higher concentration of solute. This leads to a decrease in the freezing point of water, as the solute molecules interfere with the structure of the water molecules and prevent them from forming an orderly pattern. Other salts, like potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and calcium chloride, may still lower the freezing point of water, but to a lesser degree compared to sodium chloride.
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Calcium chloride is the salt which lower the freezing point of water the most.
The freezing point can be defined as the is the exact temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid. The freezing point of water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Freezing point describes the moment of transition much as the melting point captures the moment when ice turns from a solid to a liquid. Normal fresh water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit and seawater freezes at about 28.4 degrees Fahrenheit because of the salt in it. Calcium chloride is highly soluble in water. It lowers the freezing point of water the most. Both calcium chloride and magnesium chloride have lower the freezing points. When calcium chloride comes in contact with ice, it rapidly lowers the freezing point of water and melts snow and ice quickly. Calcium chloride forms brine faster than other salts because of its hygroscopic properties.
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The complete question is,
Assuming all the salts below are the same concentration, which salt would lower the freezing point of water the most?
(a) magnesium chloride
(b) calcium chloride
(c) sodium chloride