They provide guidance for forecasting security risk premiums, allow for the explicit decomposition of risk into the market and unique components, and simplify covariance matrix estimation.
What is an optimal risky portfolio?A portfolio that is optimal minimizes risk for a given level of return or maximizes return for a given level of risk. This means that risk and return cannot be viewed separately. To earn higher returns, you must take on more risk. The graphic above shows a clear positive relationship between risk and return.
The higher the risk, the higher the return expectation, and the lower the risk, the lower the return expectation. When choosing an investment portfolio for yourself, you always try to ensure that it is located along this frontier.
If your portfolio is below the curve, it means you are not receiving an adequate return on your investment. If it is above the curve, it means that the returns are greater than the risk. Such a situation is unsustainable, and you should avoid such portfolios.
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after a team of managers has brainstormed ways to cut costs, they discuss the potential impact of each suggestion and whether it would solve the problem. which stage of the rational decision-making model is this?
A group of managers come up with ideas for cost-cutting measures, and then they debate the pros and cons of each idea to see if it would actually address the issue. Alternatives are assessed using the decision-making criteria in this phase of the rational decision-making process.
What is a cost-cutting measure?Cost cutting is a strategy used by businesses to cut costs and increase profitability. Companies are most inclined to implement cost-cutting initiatives when they are experiencing financial difficulty or an economic downturn.
When an organization takes specific steps or strategies to directly lower expenses, this is known as cost cutting. During a recession, for instance, businesses can employ cost-cutting strategies to increase their profitability.
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john bought 1,150 shares of intel stock on october 18, 2018, for $33 per share plus a $750 commission he paid to his broker. on december 12, 2022, he sells the shares for $47.00 per share. he also incurs a $1,000 fee for this transaction. required: a. what is john's adjusted basis in the 1,150 shares of intel stock? b. what amount does john realize when he sells the 1,150 shares? c-1. what is the gain/loss for john on the sale of his intel stock? c-2. what is the character of the gain/loss?
Shares sold with net proceeds that are less than their adjusted basis result in capital gains or losses. The total cost of purchasing the shares is on an adjusted basis. In other words, it includes any expense directly related to the purchase of the shares.
Adjusted basis
Total cost:
Shares Costing = 1,000 shares x $30 = $30,000
A fee of Broker = $750
Basis = $30,000 + $750 = $30,750
Total cost is the sum of all expenditures made to generate a certain production level; when this total cost is divided by the quantity produced, average or unit cost is discovered.
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which statement is true? multiple choice all classes of stock must have equal voting rights per share. preferred dividends provide tax-free income to individual investors. from a legal perspective, preferred stock is a form of corporate equity. preferred shareholders prefer noncumulative dividends over cumulative dividends. common shareholders elect the corporate directors while the preferred shareholders vote on mergers and acquisitions.
The correct answers are - (c) & (d) as preferred stocks are a form of corporate equity and preferred shareholders prefer noncumulative dividends over cumulative dividends.
A different kind of equity called as preferred stock provides investors equity in a firm and the ability to receive income from such a company's performance. In contrast to common stockholders, preferred stockholders have a higher interest to payouts (such as dividends).
In corporate governance, preferred stockholders typically have no or very limited voting rights. Preferred stockholders have a bigger say than ordinary shareholders but a lower claim than bondholders in the case of a liquidation. Preferred stock is more attractive to a certain investor because it includes elements of both bonds and shares of common stock.
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i see you, llc is a newly formed limited liability company that specializes in customized color contact lenses for people with blurry vision. the company is led by mark cuban, who makes strategic decisions for the company. his involvement is purely as a friend and he does not have any investment in the company. what type of structure does this llc have?
His involvement is purely as a friend and he does not have any investment in the company. Manager-managed type of structure does this llc have.
Investment is the determination of cash to purchase of an asset to achieve an increase in price over a period of time. funding requires a sacrifice of some present asset, which include time, money, or effort. In finance, the purpose of making an investment is to generate a return from the invested asset.
An investment is an asset or object obtained with the intention of producing income or appreciation. Appreciation refers to an increase inside the value of an asset over the years. whilst an individual purchases an awesome as an funding, the motive isn't to consume the good however rather to apply it in the future to create wealth.
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In the ________ activity of scm, supply chain managers develop processes for managing their goods and services inventory, including receiving and verifying shipments, transferring the shipped materials to manufacturing facilities, and authorizing supplier payments.
In the source activity of SCM, supply chain managers develop processes for managing their goods and services inventory, including receiving and verifying shipments, transferring the shipped materials to manufacturing facilities, and authorizing supplier payments.
Planning, acquiring raw materials, production, delivery, and returns are the five main components of supply chain management. While the other four components focus on the essential conditions for carrying out that plan, the planning phase includes creating an overall supply chain strategy. Securing products and services from suppliers who will do so in the most cost-effective and efficient manner is known as sourcing. To ensure that the company delivers high-quality items to the customer, suppliers must adhere to a set of requirements.
The three key flows in supply chain management are the flow of goods, the flow of data, and the flow of money. Product flow refers to the transfer of items from a supplier to a client. Customer service requirements and refunds are also included in this supply chain management cycle.
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explain why market power leads to deadweight loss. part 2 firms with market power create deadweight loss because they part 3 a. charge a price that is equal to marginal cost to maximize economic surplus. b. produce more than a perfectly competitive industry would to maximize profits. c. charge a price that is less than marginal cost to maximize profits. d. charge a price that is greater than marginal cost to maximize profits. e. produce where marginal revenue is greater than marginal cost to maximize profits.
The correct answer is option A that is Charge a price that is greater than marginal cost to maximize profits.
Marginal Cost may be defined as the cost that is referred to the increase in the cost of production that is generated from the additional production of certain units. It is also known as the Marginal Cost of production. The formula for the Marginal cost is ratio of change in cost and change in quantity. We know that the more is the market power of a company, the more it will tend to act like a monopoly. For example, Apple is not considered a monopoly not because it is the only smartphone manufacturing company in the world, but because its market power in the smartphone manufacturing is so large that it dominates the industry.
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twin-cities, inc., purchased a building for $600,000. straight-line depreciation was used for each of the first two years using the following assumptions: 25-year estimated useful life, with a residual value of $100,000. a. calculate the annual depreciation for the first two years that twin-cities owned the building. b. calculate the book value of the building at the end of the second year.
For $120,000 cash, Bridge City Consulting purchased a building as well as the land it is situated on. An estimated 70% of the purchase price will go toward the land.
Before it was suitable for usage, the facility required $10,000 in renovations from the corporation. $120,000 is the total cost of the land and the building.
Land Cost (70%) = $84,000
Building Cost (30%) = $36,000
Renovations to the building will cost $10,000.
Building Cost = $36,000 Plus $10,000.
$46,000 is the building's total cost.
1. Annual Depreciation (Year End Depreciation) = (Building Cost - Residual Value)/Number of Years Annual Depreciation = $46,000 - $16,000 / 10 Annual Depreciation = $30,000 / 10 Annual Depreciation = $3,000
2. At the end of two years, the land's book value is $84,000.
At the end of two years, the building's book value will be $46,000 - ($3,000) 2year) = $46,000 - $6,000 = $40,000
So, at the end of two years, the Book Value of the Land and Building is = $84,000 + $40,000 = $124,000.
The cost of annual depreciation is land.
Estimated usable life for [equipment cost-residual value]
Depreciation costs each year
(20,500−2,500)÷4=4,500
Depreciation accumulated after two years I
4,500×2=9,000
After two years, the book value is
20,500−9,000=11,500
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you short-sell 200 shares of tuckerton trading co., now selling for $50 per share. what is your maximum possible gain, ignoring transactions cost? $50 $150 $10,000 unlimited
Unlimited ,The price of the option should rise to cover the strike price in addition to the already-paid premium in order to reach a point where your loss is zero (breakeven).
What is maximum possible gain?
The price of the option should rise to cover the strike price in addition to the already-paid premium in order to reach a point where your loss is zero (breakeven). Given that there is no price increase cap, your potential profit as a call buyer is limitless.
Strike price less premium times 100 equals the maximum gain. Premium paid = maximum loss. Strike price less premium is breakeven.
The long put payoff diagram is simple to understand. The maximum risk is constrained to the option's purchase price. Up until the underlying asset approaches zero dollars, the profit potential is limitless. The stock price must be below the strike price by the cost of the long put option at expiration in order for the transaction to be profitable.
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What is a technique where a business offers a free basic product giving the customer an option to use an advanced version for a premium cost?.
A technique that offers a free basic product giving the customer an option to use an advanced version for a premium cost is called as a Freemium pricing. In Freemium pricing, customers will get a taste of what the service or product can do for them.
Freemium pricing is popular strategy for membership-based organizations and also software businesses. There are several models of freemium pricing, such as:
Traditional freemium pricingFreeware 2.0 Freemium PricingNetwork Effect Freemium PricingEcosystem Freemium PricingFreemium pricing has some advantages, one of the advantages is acquiring a large set of initial users.
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Price competition involves rivalry between product makers based only on quality.
It is false that price competition involves rivalry between product makers based only on quality.
What is price competition?Price competition occurs when individual who are rivals reduces price of goods to attract more customers.
If a seller reduces it's price today, others.also lower or reduce their prices the following day.
It can happen because of product differences and if a new product is trying to penetrate the market.
Therefore, price competition does not only involve rivalry between product makers based only on quality.
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3m co. is a us-based mnc with net cash inflows of british pounds and net cash inflows of swiss francs. the 2 currencies are highly positively correlated. antrax co. is a us-based mnc that has the same level of net cash flows in these currencies as 3m co. except that its british pounds represent net cash outflows. which mnc is more exposed to exchange rate risk? a. 3m co. b. antrax co. c. the two firms have similar exposure.
An MNC with a US base called Diz Co. has net cash inflows of both Swiss francs and British pounds.
The United Kingdom and nine of its dependent territories use the sterling (stg; ISO code: GBP) as their official currency. The primary unit of sterling is the pound (sign: £), which is often used to refer to all British money.
The pound is also known as the British pound or the pound sterling in foreign contexts. The oldest currency that has been continuously used since its creation is sterling, which was first used in 1494. It is now traded on the foreign exchange market in fourth place, behind the US dollar, the euro, and the Japanese yen. It makes up the currency basket used to determine the value of IMF special drawing rights, together with the other three currencies and the renminbi.
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your company receives a $75,000 advance for 1 year's rent that you record in rent received in advance. if, at year-end, 3 months have elapsed, what adjusting entry will you record?
Rent received in advance is where your business records the $75,000 advance that it receives for a full year's rent. If three months have passed since the year's end, the adjusting entry will be:
Rent Revenue.............dr $56,250
Rent received in advance $56,250
Making changes to previously recorded entries in your diary is known as adjusting entries. They precisely check that the information you've recorded matches the appropriate accounting periods.
The three fundamental types of adjusting entries are accruals, deferrals, and non-cash charges. Cash transactions are converted into accrual accounting transactions using adjusting entries. The basis of accrual accounting is the revenue recognition concept, which aims to recognize income in the period in which it was earned rather than the period in which it is paid.
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paul was angry at his supervisor because his supervisor had refused to grant him a raise. as a consequence, paul started working at a slower pace and taking unofficial breaks during work. in the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of .
Paul was upset with his boss since the latter had declined to give him a raise. Paul consequently began working more slowly and taking unscheduled pauses throughout the day. This is an illustration of production deviance in the context of workplace deviance.
"Behavior that breaches formally specified organizational norms with respect to the minimal quality and amount of labor to be generated as part of one's employment" is how production deviance is defined.
Resource waste is the most common form of production diversion. Production deviance is defined as behavior that formally violates organizational policies about the minimum level of quality and quantity of work that must be produced during the course of employment.
Deviant behaviors at work are activities taken with the intent to hurt, irritate, or punish the employer or other employees. Deviant behavior can include infractions as little as working more slowly on purpose to significant offenses like sabotage of work.
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Which of the following is an example of a variable cost?
A.
Hourly labor
B.
Interest on a loan
C.
Insurance
D.
Rent for an office
Answer:
A is the correct answer
Explanation:
Wages paid to workers for their regular hours are a fixed cost. Any extra time they spend on the job is a variable cost.
Both bonds payable and notes payable are obligations that usually arise from borrowing money. This statement is.
Bonds signify a promise to make future principle and interest payments, typically on a semi-annual basis. In contrast to notes payable, which often indicate a debt owed to a single lender, bonds are typically issued concurrently to numerous lenders.
Operating Activities will be impacted in the statement of cash flows if cash is paid to fulfill an obligation for salaries payable.
Our obligation to pay outstanding salaries is being satisfied. This results in a cash outflow, and the cash flow statement classifies both the cash inflow from accounts receivable and the cash outflow from salaries payable as operating activities.
Cash flow from operations demonstrates that a company's revenue comes from ongoing operations and details the expenditures made over a given time period. Cash flows from typical operating activities include cash from client sales, cash paid to suppliers, cash paid as interest to lenders, and other such items.
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merchandise is sold for cash. the selling price of the merchandise is $1,300, and the sale is subject to a 6% state sales tax. the entry to journalize the sale would include a credit to
The entry to journalize the sale would include a credit to sales tax payable for $78.
Sales tax can be defined as the tax paid to the governing body for the sales of certain products.
As the selling price of the merchandise is $1,300 and the state sales tax is 6%, this means that 6% of $1300 has to be paid to the state governing body.
Sales tax = 6% of 1300
Sales tax = 6/100 × 1300
Sales tax = 0.06 × 1300
Sales tax = $78
Therefore; the entry to journalize the sale would include a credit to sales tax payable for $78 if the selling price of the merchandise is $1300.
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jacquie is bidding against several other people on an item at an auction. she knows the bid is already higher than what she originally wanted to pay, but she doesn't want to give up, so she keeps bidding. what type of decision-making problem does this demonstrate?
The type of decision-making problem does this demonstrate is an escalation of commitment.
Escalation of commitment, Takes place when individuals maintain a failing direction of movement after information well-known shows this can be a negative path to follow. It is sometimes referred to as sunk prices fallacy due to the fact the continuation is regularly based on the concept that one has already invested in this path of motion.
As an example, if a person publicly commits to their intentions (like going to the gym 3 instances a week) in order that they come to be much more likely to observe thru on their plans. Marketplace researchers may also experience commitment bias whilst study members refuse to contradict themselves and stubbornly keep on with their initial reviews.
The escalation of dedication (or the related sunk-cost fallacy) is whilst we behave completely irrationally and hold to pursue something that promises more and more terrible effects (monetarily, psychologically, emotionally, and many others.) in preference to changing course.
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kelsie blames steve for all her shortcomings at work even though he is the hardest working member on the team. in the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of .
When someone like Kelsie blames Steve for all her shortcomings at work even though he is the hardest working member on the team, it is an example of political workplace deviance. Therefore, the option B holds true.
What is the significance of workplace deviance?Workplace deviance can be referred to or considered as the tendency of an employee or a member of an organization to intentionally cause a sense of harm to the regular functioning of the organization.
A political deviance is a type of workplace deviance wherein an employee in higher authority starts blaming others for slightest of irregularities in the team.
Therefore, the option B holds true and states regarding the significance of workplace deviance.
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The missing options to the question are added below for better reference.
A. group deviance
B. political deviance
C. personal aggression deviance
D. property deviance
ariable whole life includes all of the following features, except: a cash value that varies based on the market b a fixed, level premium c a guaranteed minimum death benefit d annual renewable term insurance
Variable all inclusive life could be a sort of changeless life protections arrangement. With highlights that incorporate cash esteem, speculation assortment, adaptable premiums and a adaptable passing benefit.
Does variable life have level premium?
Both variable life protections and entirety life protections are shapes of lasting scope. Premiums are level and not one or the other arrangement can be canceled due to changes in your wellbeing. Both sorts of life protections moreover have a passing advantage and collect cash esteem on a tax-deferred premise over time.
A variable life protections approach may be a contract between you and an protections company. It is planning to meet certain protections needs, investment goals, and charge arranging goals. It may be a arrangement that pays a indicated sum to your family or others (your recipients) upon your death.
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a marketing researcher at disney is trying to measure satisfaction with the different rides at disney. the marketing researcher is unsure that the visitors of the park have strong opinions about some of the satisfaction questions. this implies that the researcher should use a:
A marketing researcher at disney is trying to measure satisfaction with the different rides at disney. the marketing researcher is unsure that the visitors of the park have strong opinions about some of the satisfaction questions. This implies that the researcher should use a scale with a neutral point.
Researchers commonly paintings for academic establishments or for corporations. Researchers collect records for the duration of the assignment life cycle, examine the statistics and post the findings to resource new research, enhance scholarly literature and improve the choice-making technique.
A good researcher don't have any care of the approvals or disapprovals however doing his paintings with zeal and staying power to it. professional in difficulty. A researcher would be a great one if he has complete command over his concern. He makes using his theoretical look at in subject work without problems.
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kent company manufactures a product that sells for $58.00 and has variable costs of $32.00 per unit. fixed costs are $299,000. kent can buy a new production machine that will increase fixed costs by $17,200 per year, but will decrease variable costs by $5.00 per unit. compute the contribution margin per unit if the machine is purchased.
The contribution margin per unit if the machine is purchased is 10200 units.
What is machine?
A machine is a physical system that uses power to apply forces and control movement in order to carry out an action. The phrase refers to both manufactured devices, such as engines or motors, and basic biological macromolecules, including such molecular machines.
Formula,
Break even point in unit= (Revised fixed cost/Contribution margin per unit)
Revised fixed cost = ($ 299000+ $17200)
=$316200
Contribution margin per unit = (Selling price per unit - Revised Variable cost per unit)
=[$58 - ($32-$5)]
=($58 - $27)
=$31 per unit
Break even point in unit = ($316200/$31)
=10200 units
The revised break even point in units at the new machine is purchased= 10200 units.
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employee motivation tends to increase when people are assigned to jobs for which they are qualified, and they receive coaching to improve their self-confidence. both of these practices improve employee motivation by:
A used PPE asset can typically be exchanged for a new one and is called trade-in. The trade-in allowance is the amount for which the buyer and seller have agreed to trade something in. The difference is paid by the buyer once this sum is deducted from the cost of the new asset.
Define trade in allowance.The value given to a used car that a dealer accepts in trade from a customer in order to lower the leasing cost of another car is known as a trade-in allowance. The criteria for a trade-in allowance on a lease are the same as the criteria for a purchase of a car. The circumstance of a trade-in allowance occurs when a business disposes of old assets by exchanging them for new assets and receives an allowance.
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flower co., which is operating at capacity, desires to add a new service to its rapidly expanding business. the service should be added as long as service revenues exceed:
As long as service revenues outweigh the total of variable costs and any associated opportunity costs, the service should be added.
What is the sum of all variable costs associated with each individual product?The total of all the variable costs for each distinct product you developed is your total variable cost. By dividing the price to produce one unit of your product by the number of products you have created, you can determine the total variable cost.Costs that change as the volume changes are known as variable costs. Raw materials, piece-rate labor, production supplies, commissions, delivery costs, packaging costs, and credit card fees are a few examples of variable costs. The "Cost of Goods Sold" is the name given to the variable costs of production in some accounting statements.To learn more about : Variable costs
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suppose you are earning $50,000 accounting profit in your current laundromat business. if your other options were to earn $50,000 accounting profit running a yogurt shop, or $45,000 being a florist, or $60,000 running a beauty shop, what is your economic profit?
The economic profit is a loss of $10,000.
Revenue minus explicit costs minus opportunity cost equals economic profit (or loss). Explicit costs include all costs that are typically accounted for, such as labor, materials, marketing, depreciation, and taxes.
Imрliсit costs are the opportunity costs, or the next best alternative that you could have chosen.
economic profit = revenue - explicit costs - opportunity cost
= $50,000- $60,000 = -$10,000.
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comparative advantage is group of answer choices a local responsiveness solution. similar to competitive advantage. where the company can produce the cheapest. advantages of nations over other nations.
Comparative advantage is advantages of nations over other nations.
What do you mean by comparative advantage?
In an economic model, agents have a comparative advantage over others if they can provide that good at a lower relative opportunity cost and autarky pricing. Comparative advantage refers to the financial reality of trade advantages for people, firms, or nations as a result of disparities in their factor endowments or technological progress.
When a country can produce at a lower opportunity cost than in its trading counterparts, it has a comparative advantage. A country cannot have a comparative advantage in all commodities and services, but it can have an absolute advantage in all goods production.
So, the right answer is D.
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historically, technology firms have been the most aggressive users of stock-based compensation in the form of stock options granted to almost all employees of the firms. what is the rationale for offering stock options as compensation? why has this form of compensation been particularly popular with technology firms in the past?
The rationale for offering stock options as compensation as to keep and attract talented employees. this form of compensation been particularly popular with technology firms in the past because it keeps employees dedicated.
An employee is someone who receives paid to paintings for someone or organization. people do not want to work complete time to be taken into consideration personnel—they surely need to be paid to work through an organization (the man or woman or enterprise that pays them).
Employment most normally manner the kingdom of having a paid task—of being employed. To hire someone is to pay them to paintings. An employer provides employment to personnel. Employment also can consult with the act of employing people, as in we are running to growth our employment of ladies.
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widgets, inc., plans to produce 8,000 widgets during the upcoming year. each widget requires four direct labor hours at $25 per hour and $110 in direct material costs. manufacturing overhead is assigned based on direct labor hours and is estimated to be $625,000 for the upcoming year. compute the predetermined overhead rate per direct labor hour.
The predetermined overhead rate per direct labor hour is $19.53.
Predetermined overhead rate:
Direct labor hours= 4×8,000
Direct labor hours= 32,000 hours
Predetermined overhead rate=Estimated overhead costs/Direct labor hours
Predetermined overhead rate=$625,000/32,000
Predetermined overhead rate=$19.53 per direct labor hour
Inconclusion the predetermined overhead rate per direct labor hour is:$19.53.
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the difference between what the total sales should have been, given the actual level of activity for the period, and the actual total sales is a(n) variance.
The difference between what total sales should have been given the actual level of activity for the period and the actual total sales is a revenue variance.
What do we know as revenue variance?Basically, a revenue variances is an accounting tool that is used to measure the difference between expected and actual sales. This information are often needed to determine the success of an organization's selling activities and the perceived attractiveness of its products. There are three types of revenue variances which can be used to develop insights into the reasons why actual sales differ from expectations, they include the Sales Volume Variance, Selling Price Variance and Sales Mix Variance.
Most time, the typical favorable revenue variance occurs when the actual revenues exceed budgeted revenues while the opposite is true for an unfavorable variance. Therefore, the revenue variance results from the differences between budgeted and actual selling prices, volumes or a combination of the two.
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what were the yields on the two representative outstanding heinz debt issues as of the end of april 2010? what were they one year earlier? 2. what was the wacc for heinz at the start of fiscal year 2010? what were the wacc one year earlier? 3. what is your best estimate of the wacc for kraft foods, campbell soup, and del monte foods? how do these waccs influence your thinking about the wacc for heinz?
By dividing the coupon rate by the debt's current market value, it is possible to determine the yield on both outstanding debts.
The yield on both bonds was estimated in April 2010 and was 6.6% on the bond with a coupon rate of 6.75 percent and 3.4% on the bond with a coupon rate of 6.62 percent.
These inputs result in the WACC for 2010 being 5.70%.
WACC% for The Kraft Heinz Co. The Kraft Heinz Co.'s weighted average cost of capital as of today (2022-10-15) is 6.07%.
At the end of April 2010, what were the yields on the two sample existing Heinz debt issues?
By dividing the coupon rate by the debt's current market value, it is possible to determine the yield on both outstanding debts. The yield on both bonds was estimated in April 2010 and was 6.6% on the bond with a coupon rate of 6.75 percent and 3.4% on the bond with a coupon rate of 6.62 percent.
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managers can pursue a low-cost strategy by keeping product prices or pursue a differentiation strategy and add value to a product by finding ways to .
Managers can pursue a low-cost strategy by keeping product prices as low as or lower than competitors' prices; or pursue a differentiation strategy and add value to a product by finding ways to make it superior to products of competitors
What is a low cost strategy?This is the term that is used to refer to a strategy that has to make the business to spend less money as they pursue it.
It is a strategy that would have to lead to maximization of profit while minimizing costs for the business as they go about the activities that they are chasing in the business.
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as low as or lower than competitors' prices; make it superior to products of competitors