which of the following is a false statement? group of answer choices fertility largely determines a population's age structure. the age-sex structure of a population partially determines how many births it will produce. fertility does not contribute to population growth. fertility change can create its own momentum via the age structure.

The cellular machinery that is involved in translation includes the ribosome and mRNA. The correct option is b and d.

Translation is the mechanism by which genetic information contained in an mRNA molecule is decoded by the ribosome to produce a protein chain. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm simultaneously since the mRNA produced in transcription is promptly used as a template for protein synthesis.

Selecting the Right Answers

Two of the five options given are right answers for this question, which asks about the cellular machinery that is involved in translation. The two right answers are ribosome and mRNA.RibosomesRibosomes are RNA-protein complexes that are in charge of producing proteins. Ribosomes consist of two subunits that are distinct in their composition and are assembled in the nucleolus. The ribosome subunits are transported into the cytoplasm, where they engage with mRNA to initiate protein synthesis. The ribosome's function is to read the mRNA transcript in the 5' to 3' direction and then create a complementary polypeptide chain.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)Messenger RNA is a form of RNA that is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and functions as a template for protein synthesis. RNA polymerase reads the DNA template and synthesizes a complimentary mRNA transcript. Once the mRNA is transcribed, it is processed and transported to the cytoplasm, where it binds to the ribosome to begin translation. mRNA serves as a blueprint for protein synthesis and determines the sequence of amino acids that will make up the polypeptide chain.

Here you can learn more about translation

https://brainly.com/question/11914505#

#SPJ11  

The incorrect statement about eukaryotic cells is: Eukaryotic cells contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

1. Eukaryotic cells do contain mitochondria, which are responsible for energy production.
2. Eukaryotic cells indeed contain many organelles in the cytoplasm, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.
3. They also contain membrane-bound organelles, which separate their internal processes from the cytoplasm.
4. A true nucleus contains the chromosomes, which store genetic information in eukaryotic cells.

However, eukaryotic cells do not contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls. Peptidoglycan is found in the cell walls of bacteria, not eukaryotes. Plant cell walls contain cellulose, while fungal cell walls contain chitin.

know more about eukaryotic cells here

https://brainly.com/question/11351358#

#SPJ11

All the individuals of certain species are counted in a large defined area to detect changes in abundance over time.This method is mark-and-recapture method.

The mark-and-recapture method, also known as the capture-recapture method, is a statistical technique for estimating the size of a population of organisms. In this method, individuals are captured, marked or tagged, and then released. Later, a second capture is done, and the number of marked and unmarked individuals captured are counted.

The data from the second capture is used to estimate the population size of the species being studied. This method assumes that the population is closed, meaning that no individuals are added or lost during the period of the study. The mark-and-recapture method is a useful tool in ecology for studying the size and dynamics of populations.

Learn more about mark-and-recapture method here:

brainly.com/question/10646744

#SPJ11

Penicillin is made by a fungus and used to kill bacterial cells. Therefore, penicillin is an example of an antibiotic.

Antibiotics are a type of medicine that is used to treat bacterial infections. Penicillin is an antibiotic that is made from a fungus. It is used to kill bacterial cells by preventing them from making cell walls, which causes them to die. Penicillin is one of the most widely used antibiotics in the world and has saved countless lives. It was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928 when he noticed that a mold had contaminated one of his petri dishes and had killed the bacteria that were growing on it.

Since then, penicillin has been used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections, including strep throat, pneumonia, and skin infections.

Here you can learn more about Penicillin

https://brainly.com/question/9554837#

#SPJ4

The correct order in the energy flow in trophic levels is autotrophs->herbivores->omnivores->carnivores->decomposers. The correct option is c. This order represents the food chain concept where one organism is the food of another, and the cycle continues from there. Here, the food chain starts with autotrophs or producers, which are organisms that can prepare their own food using sunlight or chemicals.

They are followed by

herbivores, which are primary consumers that feed on plants.

Omnivores come next, which are organisms that feed on both plants and animals.

Carnivores follow, which are organisms that feed on other animals, and the cycle ends with

decomposers, which break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients into the soil.

Therefore, option C is the correct answer, i.e., autotrophs->herbivores->omnivores->carnivores->decomposers.

Here you can learn more about food chain

https://brainly.com/question/7564953#

#SPJ11

All hormones are chemical messengers. The correct option is b.

Hormones are signaling molecules produced by glands in the endocrine system and released into the bloodstream to regulate various physiological processes in the body.

Hormones are classified into different categories based on their chemical composition, but not all hormones are proteins or steroids. Hormones can also be made up of other organic or inorganic compounds, depending on their structure and function. Therefore, option B, chemical messengers, is the correct answer to the given question.

Here you can learn more about Hormones

https://brainly.com/question/30527782#

#SPJ11  

Crossing over is a process in which homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material with each other during meiosis.

This process results in the formation of recombinant chromosomes. These recombinant chromosomes have a combination of genes from both the maternal and paternal chromosomes.

The process of crossing over occurs during the prophase I stage of meiosis. During this stage, homologous chromosomes pair up with each other and exchange genetic material.

This exchange of genetic material occurs at specific sites called chiasmata. The occurrence of chiasmata is a clear indication that crossing over has taken place.

However, it is not possible to determine whether crossing over has taken place in the given figure because there are no chiasmata visible in the figure.

Therefore, it cannot be determined with certainty whether the homologous pair of chromosomes has undergone crossing over or not.

Here you can learn more about homologous chromosomes

https://brainly.com/question/30371167#

#SPJ11  

Some damaged fruits release a chemical called ethylene, which attracts fruit flies. as the fruit flies eat the fruit, they cause more damage, resulting in more ethylene release, attracting more fruit flies and so on. this is an example of a positive feedback loop.

Ethylene gas has a major role in the ripening and ripening process of climacteric fruits such as apples, bananas and mangoes. The presence of ethylene makes the previously green-skinned fruit turn yellow, release its aroma, and soften the flesh until it becomes overripe and spoiled. Ethylene will attract fruit flies to come closer.

In a positive feedback loop, a change in a system triggers a chain of events that further amplifies the original change. In this example, the release of ethylene attracts fruit flies which causes more damage, resulting in more ethylene release, which attracts even more fruit flies and so on.

Learn more about ethylene at:

https://brainly.com/question/14797464

#SPJ11

The microbiome of CD-affected individuals will result in a physiological change in decreased immune tolerаnce.

Thus, the correct answer is decreased immune tolerаnce (D).

Cadmium (Cd) exposure аffects multiple аspects of innаte immunity by regulаting innаte immune responses, including chemokine expression аnd releаse.  

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full options were

A. Increаsed polypeptide digestion

B. Slower dietаry fiber аbsorption

C. Increаsed аmount of propionаte

D. Decreаsed immune tolerаnce

Thus, the correct option is D

For more information about microbiome refers to the link: https://brainly.com/question/30526575

#SPJ11

Answer: Hope this helps also love this question

im cat person lol

Explanation:

It's a fact that almost all calico cats are female because of the unique chromosomal makeup that determines the color variations in their coats.

The sex chromosomes (X and Y) determine whether a cat will be male or female. Each cat has a pair of sex chromosomes with the possible combinations of XX (female) and XY (male). The X chromosome also carries the coding gene for the black and orange colors in a calico's coat.

Female calico cats have two X chromosomes, and therefore have two chromosomes with color code. Only if the cat gets one orange-coded X and one black-coded X, will she be calico, expressing both black and orange coloration.

We can say that all calico cats are females because the majority of calico cats are female.

It is not accurate to say that all calico cats are females. However, the majority of calico cats are female. The reason behind it is that the calico coloration is linked to a specific gene on the X chromosome. Since female cats have two X chromosomes, they can inherit two copies of the gene and thus have a higher chance of expressing the calico pattern.

On the other hand, male cats have only one X chromosome, and the calico gene is typically suppressed by the dominant non-calico gene on the other chromosome. However, there are rare cases where male calico cats can exist, but they are extremely rare. These males are usually sterile and have an additional genetic abnormality. Therefore, it is not appropriate to generalize that all calico cats are females, but most of them are.

Learn more about calico cats at https://brainly.com/question/392005

#SPJ11

A mutation that readily reverses to restore the original parental type would most likely be due to a reversion mutation.

A mutation is a heritable variation in the DNA sequence that can be passed on from one generation to the next. Mutation is the source of genetic variation, and it is how species adapt to new environments and evolve.

In genetics, "parental type" refers to the genetic characteristics of the parents that are passed on to their offspring. Parental types may be homozygous or heterozygous for specific traits, and they can be used to determine the inheritance patterns of genes. The reversion mutation is a kind of genetic mutation that alters the DNA sequence but then returns it to its original state.

A reversion mutation is the reversal of a previously existing mutation. Reversion mutations can be caused by different mechanisms, including base substitutions and frame-shift mutations. A reversion mutation can restore the original genetic sequence, and the organism will return to its parental type.

As a result, reversion mutations are frequently used in genetic research to study the mechanisms of mutation and genetic variability.

Learn more about mutation:

https://brainly.com/question/23030726

#SPJ11

Here in this question, a 100 bp DNA fragment and a 200 bp DNA fragment are separated by gel electrophoresis. The size of DNA fragments can be identified by the number of base pairs (bp). A 200 bp DNA fragment will travel farther from the well than the 100 bp DNA fragment.

Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used for the separation of DNA fragments based on their size. Gel electrophoresis works by creating an electric field that drives negatively charged DNA fragments through a gel matrix. Smaller fragments move faster and travel farther than larger fragments.The DNA fragments are placed into wells at one end of the gel and an electric current is applied. The negatively charged DNA fragments move towards the positive electrode. The agarose gel matrix slows down the migration of the fragments with the larger sizes.

This results in the separation of DNA fragments by size.In the given problem, the 200 bp DNA fragment should be farther from the wells as compared to the 100 bp DNA fragment. The size of the DNA fragment is directly proportional to the distance it travels from the well. Therefore, a 200 bp DNA fragment will travel farther from the well than the 100 bp DNA fragment.

Here you can learn more about DNA fragment

https://brainly.com/question/15093255#

#SPJ11  

The following is not an important factor for passing the g1 checkpoint is social signals are present.

Social signals are not a factor in passing the G1 checkpoint, which is an important stage in the cell cycle. The other factors that are important for passing the G1 checkpoint are: adequate size, sufficient nutrients, DNA is copied, and DNA is undamaged. Adequate size ensures that the cell is large enough to support the processes that occur during the cell cycle.

Sufficient nutrients must be present to provide the energy required for cell division. DNA must be copied to provide genetic information to the new cell. Lastly, DNA must remain undamaged in order to ensure that the genetic information is accurate.

Learn more about cell cycle at:

https://brainly.com/question/30409122

#SPJ11

According to some academics, the various sleep habits displayed by animals, including humans, are a product of evolutionary adaptation.

One of the first hypotheses on sleep, called the adaptive or evolutionary notion, holds that organisms lack of activity at night is an adaptation that performed a survival function by keeping them safe when they would otherwise be more vulnerable.

According to a different sleep-related evolutionary theory, our sleep habits developed as a protective mechanism against predatory threats, which rise throughout the night. Hence, to lessen the possibility of damage, we sleep in secure locations.

To know more about organisms visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/3507490

#SPJ1

Answer:

Carbon compounds are chemical compounds that contain carbon atoms bonded with other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and many others. Carbon is unique in its ability to form strong covalent bonds with a variety of elements, which makes it the basis of many organic and inorganic compounds.

The vast majority of compounds found in living organisms are carbon-based, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbon compounds are also present in a wide range of synthetic materials, such as plastics, pharmaceuticals, and fuels.

The study of carbon compounds is known as organic chemistry.

Read more about Carbon Compounds:

https://brainly.com/question/141693

Answer:

vein

it always has the largest blood

Some bird species' flocking behavior is so disrupted that at very low densities is an example of Option D: an Allee effect.

An Allee effect is the term used to describe the behaviour you mentioned. It alludes to a relationship that is favourable between population density and personal fitness. Several bird species' flocking habits become disrupted at low population densities, and as a result, the population growth rate is slower at very low densities than it is at slightly higher densities.

This may be as a result of a number of factors, including a challenge in locating mates, an increase in the risk of predators, and a decrease in cooperative defense against predators.

To know more about the population, refer:

https://brainly.com/question/28204060

#SPJ4

Complete question is:

At low population densities, the flocking behavior of some species of birds is disrupted to the extent that the population growth rate is lower at very low densities than it is at somewhat higher densities. this is an example of

a.) an Allee effect b.) genetic drift c.) environmental stochasticity d.) dampened oscillations

For an older patient with decreased epidermal mitotic homeostasis, the beneficial action will be the use of a topical retinoid.

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and it undergoes a regular cycle of mitotic division, cell differentiation, and shedding. Homeostasis in the skin's outer layer is required for its proper function. Epidermal mitotic homeostasis is disrupted when the epidermal cells divide too quickly, as occurs in psoriasis, or when the cells divide too slowly, as occurs in the elderly, leading to dry skin and wrinkles.

Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives that improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by speeding up cell renewal. They also help to clear acne, unclog pores, and make skin look smoother and more even. The beneficial action for an older patient with decreased epidermal mitotic homeostasis would be the use of a topical retinoid.

Read more about wrinkles :

https://brainly.com/question/13932282

#SPJ11

A PCR set up with a DNA template not known to have the phosphatase gene is a positive control and you expect to see amplification of the target DNA fragment.

PCR is a technique for amplifying DNA sequences in a sample, allowing for the production of millions of copies of the DNA sequence. The PCR method is based on the ability of DNA polymerase, a thermostable enzyme, to copy DNA strands. The PCR technique is widely used in genetics, molecular biology, and other fields.

A positive control is an experiment performed to show that the test will produce a valid result under normal circumstances. It is a control in which a known quantity of an analyte is added to a sample to see if the assay can detect it. A positive control is often used in experiments to show that the experiment is functioning properly and that the samples are generating reliable results.In PCR, a positive control is a control that includes the target DNA template in the reaction. A positive control helps to confirm that the PCR reagents are working properly and that the amplification will take place as predicted. The target DNA fragment should be amplified in the positive control, indicating that the PCR reaction has been successful.

Here you can learn more about PCR

https://brainly.com/question/19670710#

#SPJ11  

Linked genes refer to genes that are located close together on the same chromosome. Linked genes assort independently.

They tend to be inherited together as a result of genetic linkage. During the process of meiosis, linked genes tend to sort together and are not inherited independently. This is because they are situated on the same chromosome and are thus inherited together.

In other words, linked genes tend to remain together and are transmitted to the offspring as a single unit. They are usually located close together on the same chromosome and are inherited together during meiosis. Thus, the genes are linked and are not inherited independently. Chromosomes are made up of thousands of genes, and the closer two genes are located to each other on the same chromosome, the greater the likelihood that they will be inherited together.

Genes that are located far apart on the same chromosome tend to sort independently during meiosis. As a result, their inheritance is not dependent on one another, and they are not linked. Therefore, whether genes are linked or not is dependent on their location on the same chromosome.

To learn more about genes, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/8832859

#SPJ11

The given statement "Viruses, liposomes, and direct injections are techniques used to introduce normal genes into an individual who has a certain disease or genetic condition." is True. This process is known as gene therapy.

Gene therapy is a medical technique that is used to correct or replace faulty genes in order to treat or prevent disease. In some cases, a normal gene may be introduced into an individual's body to replace a missing or non-functional gene. In other cases, a gene may be corrected or repaired to prevent the development of a disease.

Viruses are one of the most common vehicles used to deliver genes to the body's cells. Specifically, scientists use viruses that have been altered so that they are no longer harmful to introduce normal genes into the body. These viruses are often used because they are very efficient at entering cells and delivering genetic material.

Liposomes are another technique used to introduce normal genes into an individual's body. Liposomes are tiny spheres made up of a fatty substance that can encase genetic material. These spheres are then introduced into the body, where they can fuse with cell membranes and deliver the genetic material.

Direct injection is also a technique that is used in gene therapy. In this technique, a normal gene is injected directly into the tissue where it is needed. For example, if a patient has a genetic disease that affects their liver, a normal gene may be injected directly into the liver tissue.

Overall, gene therapy is a promising field of medicine that has the potential to treat or even cure a wide range of genetic diseases. However, there is still much research to be done in order to fully understand the safety and efficacy of these techniques.

For more such questions on Gene therapy.

https://brainly.com/question/13022890#

#SPJ11

Oxygen began to increase in the atmosphere as a result of photosynthesis by autotrophic prokaryotes approximately 2.7 billion years ago. This process, called oxygenic photosynthesis, uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter (carbohydrates) and oxygen gas. This new source of oxygen led to an increase in atmospheric oxygen, which had previously been low, and allowed for the evolution of more complex forms of life.

Oxygenic photosynthesis is carried out by autotrophic prokaryotes, or “oxygenic phototrophs”, which are organisms that use energy from sunlight to convert inorganic molecules into organic molecules. These phototrophs use light to break down carbon dioxide molecules, and form simple organic molecules, such as glucose. The byproducts of this process are organic molecules and oxygen gas. As a result of this reaction, the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere began to increase.

This increase in oxygen allowed for the evolution of more complex life forms. Before the rise of oxygenic photosynthesis, the atmosphere was largely composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which prevented the evolution of complex organisms. With the rise of oxygen, more complex organisms could thrive, as oxygen allowed for respiration, which is the process of breaking down food molecules to create energy. As a result, the diversity of organisms increased and eventually led to the evolution of multicellular organisms.

In conclusion, oxygen began to increase in the atmosphere approximately 2.7 billion years ago as a result of oxygenic photosynthesis carried out by autotrophic prokaryotes. This allowed for the evolution of more complex forms of life and the development of multicellular organisms.

For more such questions on Oxygenic photosynthesis.

https://brainly.com/question/29769016#

#SPJ11

The electron transport chain is, in essence, a series of redox reactions that comprise the last stage of aerobic cellular respiration.

During these redox reactions, the electrons are transferred from the electron donors (NADH and FADH2) to the electron acceptors (oxygen) via a series of redox reactions. The electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of chemical reactions that occur in a cell's mitochondria during aerobic respiration. It consists of a group of protein complexes and electron carriers that move electrons from electron donors (such as NADH) to electron acceptors (such as oxygen), creating an electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis. Aerobic respiration is the process by which cells generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through the oxidation of glucose in the presence of oxygen. The last stage of aerobic cellular respiration, the electron transport chain, is responsible for the majority of ATP synthesis. The electron transport chain consists of a series of electron transfer steps that transport electrons from electron donors (NADH and FADH2) to electron acceptors (oxygen) via a series of redox reactions. The energy released during these redox reactions is used to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Learn more about aerobic respiration at  brainly.com/question/12605249

#SPJ11

Answer:

enzymes

Explanation:

I took the test

The properties of cell shape, organization and movement depend upon the direct action of the cytoskeleton.

The cytoskeleton is a network of proteins and filaments that provide structure and support to the cell and regulate its movements.

It is composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.

The microfilaments are made up of actin and are involved in cell shape changes and muscle contraction. Intermediate filaments provide structural support and stability to the cell.

The microtubules are made up of tubulin and provide a scaffold for the cytoskeleton, allowing for the movement of organelles and the formation of cilia and flagella. They also help in the assembly and disassembly of the cytoskeleton and in cell division.

To know more about cytoskeleton, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/15200286#

#SPJ11

No, if Mendel had examined only one trait, he would not have been able to develop the law of segregation. The law of segregation states that an organism has two copies of each gene, and when it reproduces, those two copies are separated, so that each of its offspring receives one copy of each gene.

To understand this, Mendel had to study multiple traits, as each trait was governed by a different pair of genes. If he had only examined one trait, he would not have seen this pattern and would not have been able to develop the law of segregation.

Here you can learn more about law of segregation

https://brainly.com/question/13434823#

#SPJ11  

A trait influenced by two or more genes is referred to as a polygenic trait. Examples of such traits include height and skin tone.

Polygenic traits do not inherit according to Mendelian principles since numerous genes are involved. Multifactorial qualities, which include many polygenic features, also have environmental influences.

Many of the most significant health issues of our time, including diabetes, cancer, and heart disease, have a genetic component that results from the interaction of several genes. Thus, polygenic, or having numerous genes. As researchers have delved deeper into these disorders, they've come to the realisation that there is a huge possibility for improving human health by using the methods we already have for forecasting the dangers associated with polygenic features.

Learn more about genes here:

https://brainly.com/question/8832859

#SPJ1

The diameter of bronchioles can vary due to the stimulation of neurons, which can cause bronchioles to either constrict or dilate.

Bronchoconstriction is the tightening of the airways and occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is activated. This causes a narrowing of the airways and a decrease in the diameter of the bronchioles. On the other hand, bronchodilation is the widening of the airways and occurs when the parasympathetic nervous system is activated. This causes an increase in the diameter of the bronchioles.
Here you can learn more about bronchioles

https://brainly.com/question/30245007#

#SPJ11

The phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross between two organisms with the same genotype of rryy will always be 9:3:3:1.

This ratio is determined by the law of independent assortment which states that each pair of alleles segregates independently of each other during gamete formation.

This means that the alleles in one pair are not linked to the alleles of another pair.

As a result, the offspring produced will have all combinations of the two alleles from each gene, resulting in a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1.

To know more about phenotypic ratio click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/29543940#

#SPJ11

Pharynx. Hope this helped you!

Answer:

Your answer is: pharynx

Explanation:

Photosynthesis first emerged in the Archean, however the oxygen content of the atmosphere remained negligible until the Proterozoic because the earth's atmosphere was initially devoid of oxygen.

Initially, oxygen was absent from the Earth's atmosphere, and it was only present in the atmosphere after the evolution of photosynthetic organisms.

The photosynthetic bacteria used carbon dioxide from the air to make organic compounds such as carbohydrates, and they emitted oxygen as a by-product.

The oxygen produced by these organisms was immediately consumed by other forms of life or chemically reacted with minerals on the surface of the Earth, therefore, the oxygen concentration remained insignificant until the Proterozoic.

During the Great Oxygenation Event, which occurred between 2.4 billion and 2.2 billion years ago, oxygen levels rose dramatically, which enabled the development of larger and more complex organisms.

To know more about Photosynthesis, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/29764662#

#SPJ11