The oceanic lithosphere subduct under continental lithosphere, whereas continental lithosphere does not subduct under oceanic lithospere because the oceanic lithosphere is denser than the continental lithosphere.
What is Lithosphere?This refers to the rigid and rocky layer of the Earth and consists of the crust and the solid outermost layer of the upper mantle while density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance.
The oceanic lithosphere is made up of mafic crust and ultramafic mantle while the continental lithosphere is made up of heavy mantle peridotite and the former gets shoved down underneath the overriding plate which is because it contains denser rocks than the latter.
This is therefore the reason why the oceanic lithosphere subduct under continental lithosphere, whereas continental lithosphere does not subduct under oceanic lithospere.
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What are three main types of landforms?
Answer:
Mountains, hills, plateaus.
Explanation:
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fill in the blank question. the splitting or diverging of a population into two or more is known as cladogenesis.
The splitting or diverging of a population into two or more species is known as cladogenesis.
In the field of evolutionary studies, cladogenesis can be described as the branching of an evolutionary tree from an ancestral organism into two or more diverging, distinct species.
Evolutionary studies have shown that, with the passage of time, an ancestor can give rise to two or more than two distinct species. This phenomenon of diversion or splitting of species is referred to as cladogenesis.
The splitting of an ancestor into two distinct species might occur due to various factors such as environmental changes. It might happen that the ancestor species might be present in distinct areas and in order to adapt to the environment, a distinct species might have formed.
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Sequence differences between healthy tissue and tumor cells from the same individual ____________.
Sequence difference between healthy tissue and tumor cells from the same individual invasive growth cell.
What is tumor cell?
Growth cells might be drawn in out of the vasculature toward bone surfaces by various chemotactic factors. Bone contains various variables with chemotactic potential for cancer cells. These incorporate pieces of type I collagen, which have been displayed to cause unidirectional relocation of cancer cells , and parts of the bone protein osteocalcin, which might cause Chemotaxis of growth cells and monocytes.
The molded media reaped from resorbing or redesigning bones contain chemotactic exercises that invigorate the unidirectional relocation of rodent and human cancer cells.
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A genotype is a person's genetic material or makeup, whereas a phenotype is the person's observable characteristics. True or false
The statement indicating that 'A genotype is a person's genetic material or makeup, whereas a phenotype is the person's observable characteristics' is True.
What are genotype and phenotype?Genotype refers to all genetic material contained in the cell of an organism, which includes the nuclear genome and mitochondrial or chloroplastic genome, while the expression phenotype makes reference to all observable traits and features that form the individual.
In conclusion, the statement indicating that 'A genotype is a person's genetic material or makeup, whereas a phenotype is the person's observable characteristics' is True.
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Outline two mechanisms by which information flow between two neurons in an adult can increase.
The number of synapses between neurons may increase, or the strength of existing synaptic connections may increase.
What are neurons?Neurons are communication transmitters. They transmit information between different areas of the brain and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system using electrical impulses and chemical signals.
Neural pathways are networks of nerve fibers that transport information throughout the central nervous system.
Tracts are neural pathways that connect the central nervous system and the spinal cord. Descending tracts run from the spinal cord to the brain, while ascending tracts run from the spinal cord to the brain.
The flow of information can increase the number of synapses between neurons or the strength of existing synaptic connections. In an adult, these are the two mechanisms that increase information flow between two neurons.
Thus, these are the two mechanisms by which information flow between two neurons in an adult can increase.
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How much oxygen is produced by zooplankton ?
An insulinoma is a cancerous mass of pancreatic beta cells that secrete insulin but do not respond to feedback mechanisms. How you would expect an insulinoma to affect blood glucose levels and liver activity?
When an excess of insulin is produced, blood glucose levels drop below physiologically normal levels, which stimulates the liver to produce glycogen, which in turn impacts blood glucose levels and liver function.
How insulinoma affect blood glucose?A pancreatic tumor called an insulinoma will encourage the alpha cell synthesis of pancreatic glucagon and enhance the breakdown of glycogen. As a result, it has negative effects on the liver.Glucagon interacts with the liver to raise blood sugar levels, whereas insulin lowers blood sugar levels. Insulin and glucagon work together to manage blood sugar levels.These hormones will control the synthesis of glycogen. The hormones insulin and glucagon regulate the availability of glucose by controlling the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen.The pancreas produces insulin, which is what keeps blood sugar levels in check. Insulinomas create hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, by producing more insulin than the body needs. Weakness, confusion, a rapid heartbeat, a coma, or even death could result from hypoglycemia.By influencing the satiety area in the brain, a number of hormones, including insulin, have a significant impact on hunger regulation. The overproduction of insulin will cause blood glucose levels to drop.Learn more about the insulinoma with the help of the given link:
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Based on current growth rates, Earth's human population in 2015 will be closest to a. 2 million. c. 7 billion. b. 4 billion. d. 10 billion.
According to the statement, the number of people on Earth in 2015 will be close to 7 billion based on current growth rates.
The correct option is C
What is the meaning growth rate?The growth rate of a value (such as GDP, turnover, earnings, etc.) gauges how much it has changed over time (month, quarter, year). The percentage is a fairly universal way to communicate it.
Describe a growth rate example:Growth rates accumulate with time; if a variable's growth rate is constant, the change in the variable will only get bigger with time. Assume, for instance, that GDP will be 20.0 in 2020 and will increase by 10% annually. The GDP is 22.0 in 2021 (an rise of 2.0), but it is 24.2 in 2022. (an increase of 2.2).
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The human sense of taste involves receptors cells that respond to _____ basic taste
The human sense of taste involves receptors cells that respond to chemicals entering oral cavity basic taste.
Taste receptors are modified elongated epithelial cells that are present on the tongue, tonsils, pharynx, epiglottis, and hard and soft palates throughout the oral cavity. Regional gene expression around taste buds regulates their formation and is in part regulated by innervating nerves.
Taste pores are openings in the epithelium for chemical substances to enter. Peripheral sensory innervation is through branches of three cranial nerves: facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX), and vagal (IV) (X). Only three of the four morphologically unique forms of lingual papillae—the fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae—bear taste receptors.
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About 60% to 80% of the volume of most living cells consists of organic compounds. True or false?.
Answer:
This is actually false.
Explanation:
Cells are composed of water, and inorganic ions. Water is the most abundant molecule in cells accounting for more or 70% or more of total cell mass. I hope this was a good explanation because I didn't know what else to put. I hope this helped :)
Some athletes prepare for competition at sea level by sleeping in a tent in which PO₂ is kept low. When climbing high peaks, some mountaineers breathe from bottles of pure O₂ . In a short essay (100-150 words), relate these behaviors to the mechanism of O₂ transport in the human body and to physiological interactions with our gaseous environment.
1) The body is unable to adapt properly above a certain height.
2)PO2 falls – Because of the low air pressure, oxygen partial pressure declines.
3)Utilizing an artificial atmosphere high in oxygen is necessary since the body requires more oxygen to meet its metabolism.
4)Lack of oxygen triggers the creation of erythropoietin from the kidney, which results in the formation of red blood cells.
5) More erythrocytes are created thanks to the hormone erythropoietin.
6)O2 carrying capacity improves: Red blood cells' ability to carry oxygen increases after a large amount of erythrocytes are produced.
Describe metabolism:Your body uses a process called metabolism to convert the food and drink you consume into energy. Through a complex process, calories from food and drink are combined with oxygen to produce the energy your body needs to function.
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A substance that is insoluble in water and turns sweet in the presence of amylase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages, is most likely?
A substance that is insoluble in water and turns sweet in the presence of amylase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages, is most likely Starch.
What are carbohydrates?Carbohydrates are biological molecules which are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen where the ratio of the hydrogen to oxygen in the molecule 2:1 as in water molecules.
Carbohydrates are classified into three types:
monosaccharides or simple sugars e.g. glucosedisaccharides which are composed of two units of monosaccharides e.g. sucrosepolysaccharides which are composed of many monomers of monosaccharides e.g. starchPolysaccharides such as starch are not sweet. But when in the presence of amylase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages, it breaks than to sweet glucose monomers.
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Give two examples that show how habitat fragmentation can harm species in the long term.
In addition to isolating populations and causing inbreeding and genetic drift, habitat fragmentation can also increase populations' susceptibility to local extinction brought on by viruses, parasites, or predators.
When portions of a habitat are destroyed, smaller, disconnected sections are left behind, leading to fragmentation. Although fire or volcanic eruptions might cause this naturally, human activity is typically at blame. A straightforward illustration is building a road through a forest.
In addition to isolating populations and causing inbreeding and genetic drift, habitat fragmentation can also increase populations' susceptibility to local extinction brought on by viruses, parasites, or predators.
Therefore, isolating populations and extinction are the two examples that show how habitat fragmentation can harm species in the long term.
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during early diastole, there is a small pressure difference in the dastolic pressures across the atrioventricular valves, what is the result?
During early Diastole, there is a small pressure difference in the diastolic pressure across the Atrioventricular Valve, Passive filling from the Atria into the Ventricles.
What is an atrioventricular?With an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), there are gaps between the right and left sides of the heart's chambers, and the valves that regulate blood flow between these chambers may not have developed properly.
Atrioventricular node location and function:The atrioventricular node, also known as the AV node, is part of the electrical conduction system of the heart and electrically connects the atria and ventricles to coordinate beating in the top of the heart. The right coronary artery supplies the atrioventricular node in a right-dominant heart. This structure's function is to link the atria and ventricles' electrical circuits,
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Dna double helices are soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol. How do these physical properties reflect the chemical structure of the dna molecule?.
The physical property of DNA is due to the chemical structure of DNA which contains charged phosphate groups and sugars.
DNA is the most common genetic material in living organisms.
The structure of DNA is composed of deoxyribonucleotides.
The nucleotide is made up of three parts- a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.
Many of these nucleotides are joined using phosphodiester bonds to form the DNA helices.
DNA is a hydrophilic molecule which means water-loving. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol due to the physical properties of the chemical constituents present within it.
Thus, the physical property of DNA is due to the chemical structure of DNA which contains charged phosphate groups and sugars.
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Most tissues regulated by the autonomic nervous system receive both sympathetic and parasympathetic input from postganglionic neurons. Responses are typically local. In contrast, the adrenal medulla receives input only from the sympathetic division and only from preganglionic neurons, yet responses are observed throughout the body. Explain why (see Figure 45.20).
Neurotransmitters, notably norepinephrine and epinephrine for the sympathetic nervous system and acetylcholine for the parasympathetic nervous system, are released by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.
What is adrenal medulla receives input?The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system's sympathetic division extends glandular into the adrenal medulla.
The medulla releases the hormones adrenaline and norepinephrine into the blood stream when the sympathetic division is activated in response to stress or a threat.
Therefore, Acetylcholine, a neuronal input that can indicate an emergency needing an instant response, is delivered to the adrenal medulla by the sympathetic nervous system.
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Identify the theme or themes exemplified by
(b) The development of a multicellular organism from a single fertilized egg
The themes applied for developing a multicellular organisms from a single fertilizer egg is the life process that explains how genetic material is expressed and transmitted to the next Generation.
How are cells created in a multicellular organism?In order to become a multicellular creature, a single cell (the zygote) must evolve into a collection of numerous different cell types arranged into tissues and organs. Cell differentiation, tissue and organ development, body axis construction, and cell division are all aspects of development (gaining a final cell type identity).
DNa is the primary genetic material that is transmitted from parents to offspring in the form of genes. The genes from both parents are mixed during fertilization when the gametes from both parents containing them join each Other and make a zygote.
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The outward force that the blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessels is called ________
The correct answer is blood pressure which exerts an outward force which is against the walls of the blood vessels.
Pressure is the force divided by the surface area and in the same, the blood exerts pressure or applies a force on the surface area of the blood vessel walls hence creating blood pressure as blood is the one to perform the work. The blood pressure works in the heart and specifically in the aorta which is being checked at the brachial artery blood pressure is created because the blood works and circulates or pumps to provide oxygen to the body and this blood pressure varies as the heart contracts or relaxes and that is why blood pressure is counted in 2 numbers and the blood pressure is higher during contraction and is lower between the heart beats and that is why when blood pressure incresaes very high there are chances of stroke and kidney disease and heart disease because to cuirculate blood the blood pressure applied is more as the blood vessels become narrower hence to help this out medicines are also advised and low blood pressure means that there is not enough flow of blood supply to the brain as the blood is not being pushed towrds creatinfg issue is the supply of it and the ideal blood pressure is considered as or between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg where mmHg milimeter mercury is the unit of blood pressure and the blood pressure can also differ for women and men where the high blood pressure id alo know hypertension and lower blood pressure is hypotension respectively.
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Water Cycle check please
Answer:
That looks right
Explanation:
most species of bacteria cannot be eaten by humans because the bacteria contain choose one: a. water levels that would stress the kidneys. b. toxic levels of proteins. c. toxic levels of nucleotides. d. toxic phospholipids in their membranes.
Most species of bacteria cannot be eaten by humans because the bacteria contain toxic levels of nucleotides.
Bacteria :Bacteria are widespread, generally free-living creatures that typically consist of a single biological cell. They are a vast group of prokaryotic bacteria. Bacteria, which are typically a few micrometres in length, were one of the first life forms to appear on Earth and are found in the majority of its habitats. Bacteria are categorized into four types based on their shape: bacillus, coccus, vibrio, and spirillum.
What are harmful bacteria called?The bad bacteria are those that cause us harm. They are known as pathogens. These could have come from our surroundings. Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, can be contracted by eating food or drinking water contaminated with the feces of infected persons, or by coming into close touch with an infected person.
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nuclear envelope forms at each pole
spindle dissolves
chromosomes uncoil
These processes occur during
Responses
Telophase refers to the time when chromosomes uncoil and the nuclear membrane forms at each pole.
What are chromosomes?Chromosomes, which resemble threads, are located in the nucleus of both plant and animal cells. Each chromosome is composed of a protein and a single unit of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The exact instructions that give each type of living thing its uniqueness are encoded in DNA, which is handed down from parents to offspring.
What are the two purposes of chromosomes?DNA, also referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid, coils around histone proteins. Therefore, during cell division, chromosomes aid DNA replication and dispersion. However, in living things, the main jobs of chromosomes are replication and distribution.
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In a short essay (100-150 words), describe how the emergent properties of the cells of the gastrula direct embryonic development.
The multicellular human being is in its early stages of growth and development when an embryo is created.
The process of developing an embryo begins when a human egg is fertilized by a sperm, creating a zygote that proceeds through various phases of cell division to become a specialized mass of cells known as an embryo.
One of the early developmental phases is the gastrula. This results in the embryo lengthening and the embryonic cells being organized into the three embryonic layers ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm (middle). Gastrula cells have cytoskeletal alterations. Gastrulation is the process through which the embryo develops into a double-walled, cup-shaped structure. In the fetus, each layer matures into a unique organ.
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A____is a complex network of microbes and their secretions that form in most natural environments.
Answer:
biofilm
Explanation:
What kind of education do you think it takes to become a geologist (a person who studies rocks) Why?
Answer:
bachelor's degree
A bachelor's degree is sufficient for many geology professions, though a master's or doctoral degree may be required for research roles, according to experts.
Explanation:
Which of the following is a true statement? a. All mammals have menstrual cycles. b. The endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in estrous cycles. c. Estrous cycles are more frequent than menstrual cycles. d. Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles.
The correct statement is the endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in estrous cycles.
What is endometrium?
The tissue that lines the uterus, also known as the womb—the pear-shaped organ that contains a fetus—is known as the endometrium. It may be best known to you as the fluid lost during menstruation.
The endometrium, also known as the uterine lining, varies over the course of the menstrual cycle. When there is a chance of pregnancy, it thickens; if not, it thins and replaces itself. The preexisting lining remains in place to allow the pregnancy to develop if a fertilized egg is implanted.
Endometrial abnormalities can lead to problems like endometriosis, hyperplasia, and malignancy.
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How does the consumption of macromolecules in the Inuit diet compare those in the American diet?
Answer: diet Govement
Explanation:
The consumption of macromolecules in the Inuit diet differs significantly from the American diet.
The traditional Inuit diet primarily consists of marine-based foods, such as fish, seal, whale, and other sea mammals, which are rich in protein and healthy fats (omega-3 fatty acids).
In contrast, the American diet often includes a higher proportion of carbohydrates, processed foods, and red meat, leading to higher intake of saturated fats and refined sugars.
Due to their reliance on marine foods, Inuits generally consume more protein and fats, while Americans may consume more carbohydrates.
These dietary differences are attributed to the availability of local resources and cultural food preferences in each population.
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A deep prolonged breath that fills the lungs believed to be caused by the need to increase the level of oxygen in the blood iscalled whatr?
A deep prolonged breath that fills the lungs believed to be caused by the need to increase the level of oxygen in the blood is called what yawning.
Lungs are the respiratory organs that supply oxygen to all the cells of the body and also help in removal of carbon dioxide. The occur in a pair in the thoracic cavity of the body. The lungs are covered with several small alveoli that increase the surface area of the lungs therefore enabling maximum exchange of gases.
Yawning is reflex action where the mouth opens wide to inhale large amount of air. This can occur when a person feels lethargic, is sleepy or when the body requires large amount of oxygen.
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Which fact is most important in causing phospholipids to behave as they do in water?.
Water molecules make hydrogen bonds is most important in causing phospholipids to behave as they do in water.
Phospholipids are compound lipids made of alcohol, fatty acids, nitrogen base, and phosphoric acids. The cell membrane is primarily made up of these complex lipids, which also give the membranes their fluidity.Most phospholipids are created by replacing one of the three fatty acids in glycerides with a phosphate group that has another molecule connected to its end. Sphingomyelin, which is generated from sphingosine rather than glycerol, is the other variety of phospholipid.The hydrophobic tails of phospholipid molecules are sandwiched between two layers of hydrophilic heads in a double layer of phospholipids known as a lipid bilayer that forms spontaneously in water.To learn more about phospholipids.
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Activated g protein-coupled receptors can? a. bind gtp b. open an ion channel c. raise cytosolic calcium d. a and b are correct e. a, b and c are correct
The correct statements are:
A bind GTP
B open an ion channel and
C raise cytosolic calcium
The majority of cellular responses to environmental inputs are mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Upon ligand activation of the receptor, it binds to heterotrimeric G protein partners, facilitates the exchange of GTP to GDP, cleaves the G protein into subunits, and mediates downstream signaling.Arrestins also enable GPCRs to activate multiple signaling pathways. Small modifications at the ligand-binding or orthosteric sites are amplified to produce larger conformational changes, translocating the GPCR to its active state. Structures, spectroscopic data, and computer simulations of various GPCRs crystallized in active and inactive states provide molecular knowledge of allosteric coupling between ligand binding and G-protein or arrestin interactions. Instead of being adjusted, the connection is loose.Therefore, option e. is correct.
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reasons for the rise in the diversity of animal phyla during the cambrian include all of the following except: group of answer choices predators acquired novel adaptations hox genes facilitated the evolution of new forms cooling in the global climate triggered shifts in animal lineages an increase in atmospheric oxygen permitted larger bodied animals to thrive prey species acquired new defenses
The Cambrian Explosion (542-488 million years ago) is one of evolutionary biology's greatest mysteries. It was only during this period that complex organisms became widespread and diversified.
The scale of this event can be understood from the contrast between the biota and the extent of fossil diversity on the left and right. Cambrian paleontology has made great strides over the past century. In particular, well-preserved molluscs were found in the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale and Lower Cambrian Motianshan Shale sediments. The Cambrian side of the "Cambrian Explosion" is more abundantly depicted, contrasting with the Precambrian side. These extremely well-preserved fossil organisms are very difficult to study. The main challenge is her three-dimensional reconstruction and determination of the cellular tissue pattern of the Okina embryo and the fossil-buried structure of the Maotianshan shale. In this lecture, two recent technological approaches, propagating phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray microtomography and microtomography, enable non-destructive computational investigation and visualization of internal and hidden features in each plane and in virtual 3-dimensional slices. We indicate that we provide our own analytical tools to make it possible. -D Internal structure representation.
Therefore, throughout the Cambrian epoch, each of these variables helped to expand animal phylum diversity.
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