Before West African civilizations had contact with European, what did these civilizations develop?

The group of employees that assist members of Congress in dealing with lobbyists are typically known as "legislative staff" or "congressional staff."

These staff members work in the offices of members of Congress and are responsible for a wide range of tasks, including responding to constituent inquiries, researching policy issues, and drafting legislation.

When it comes to lobbyists, congressional staff may be responsible for scheduling meetings between lobbyists and members of Congress, providing information to lawmakers about the issues and interests represented by lobbyists, and helping to formulate legislative strategies.

Hence, the group of employees that assist members of Congress in dealing with lobbyists is typically known as "legislative staff" or "congressional staff."

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The consequence of nationalism in WW1 is the high tension caused by each nations built up army.

Nationalism is the identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations. It is the support for the independence of a nation and its people.

The ideology is based on individual loyalty and support to a nation or state that surpass individual or group interest.

During the World war 1, most countries of the world already had built up army which serve to protect the sovereignty of each country. After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914, war broke out, each country trying to protect its people ended up intensifying the war. As nationalism promotes competition among nations, countries were trying to out do themselves and ended up intensifying the war.

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The answer is option c) Childhood; recent. Rudman and colleagues (2007) found evidence that implicit attitudes are rooted more in people's childhood experiences, whereas explicit attitudes are rooted more in their recent experiences.

Based on your question, the correct answer is:

Rudman and colleagues (2007) found evidence that implicit attitudes are rooted more in people's recent experiences, whereas explicit attitudes are rooted more in their childhood experiences.

Your answer: (d) Recent; childhood

Alice Eagly and Susan Fiske, not Rudman, are two prominent social psychologists who have conducted research on gender stereotypes and biases. They developed the Stereotype Content Model, which proposes that social groups, including gender groups, are evaluated based on two dimensions: warmth and competence.

Warmth refers to perceptions of friendliness, trustworthiness, and cooperation, while competence refers to perceptions of ability, intelligence, and efficacy. According to the model, women are often stereotyped as warm but less competent than men, while men are stereotyped as competent but less warm than women. These stereotypes can have a range of negative consequences, including reduced opportunities and discrimination in the workplace and other domains.

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Crossen uses logic as the criterion in "A Culinary Wasteland" to assess the book Fast Food Nation. This is due to the fact that it demonstrates that if a book is written for a certain readership, it is only reasonable and right to consider their arguments.

As a result, a book will be constructed to appeal to its readership while also making comments in an effective and impartial manner. He claims that Americans are addicted to inexpensive, unhealthy food, and that this addiction exacts vast and frequently hidden costs from society.

Cynthia Crossen examines the effects of chain restaurants on American food in "A Culinary Wasteland," making the case that their uniform menus and disrespect for regional flavours have led to homogenization.

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Ozymandias and King George III both held positions of great power and authority. Ozymandias was a pharaoh in ancient Egypt, while King George III was the monarch of Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War. Both leaders were known for their stubbornness and arrogance, as well as their attempts to maintain their control and authority over their subjects.

Despite their efforts, however, both eventually fell from power and became remembered more for their flaws and weaknesses than for their accomplishments. In the case of Ozymandias, this is exemplified by the ruined statue that serves as a metaphor for his lost kingdom, while in the case of King George III, it is demonstrated by the ways in which his reign contributed to the downfall of British colonial power in America.

Ultimately, both Ozymandias and King George III serve as cautionary tales about the dangers of hubris and the limitations of even the most powerful rulers. Ozymandias, a character from Percy Bysshe Shelley's poem, and King George III share similarities in terms of their power and eventual decline.

1. Both were rulers: Ozymandias was a powerful king who ruled over an ancient civilization, while King George III was the monarch of Great Britain and Ireland.

2. Demonstrations of power: Ozymandias' statue in the poem serves as a symbol of his power and might. Similarly, King George III's rule was marked by the expansion of British influence across the globe.

3. Decline in power: The poem "Ozymandias" illustrates the idea that even the greatest of kings and their works will eventually crumble and fade away. This is evident in the ruined statue of Ozymandias. King George III also experienced a decline in power, losing the American colonies in the Revolutionary War and suffering from mental health issues in his later years.

4. Legacy: Both Ozymandias and King George III have left a lasting impact on history, albeit in different ways. Ozymandias' story serves as a reminder of the impermanence of power, while King George III's reign marks an important period in British history.

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Answer:

The two primary sides in the Thirty Years War were the Catholic forces led by the Habsburgs and the Protestant forces led by various Protestant states. The war was fought between 1618 and 1648 in Central Europe and involved many other European powers.

Explanation:

Answer:

People who claimed to be environmentally conscious still generated a large amount of waste, while those who were not as concerned about the environment produced less garbage. Additionally, the study revealed that people often underestimated the amount of waste they produced.

Explanation:

The Sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi was a sacred temple and site of pilgrimage in ancient Greece.

It was renowned for its oracle, which was believed to be a medium through which Apollo communicated with humans. People from all over Greece and other nations sought advice and guidance from the oracle.

The site was also the home of the Pythian Games, similar to the Olympic Games, where competitions in athletics, music, dance and poetry were held in honour of Apollo.

The Sanctuary was also a treasury and a restaurant, making it an important centre of worship and culture. The Sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi was an important part of the Ancient Greek world and its legacy continues to this day.

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The government that signed a truce with Germany to stop all fighting and began peace talks was the Allied Powers' government during World War I.

The Allied Powers, consisting of Great Britain, France, Russia, and eventually the United States, signed the Armistice of Compiegne with Germany on November 11, 1918. The truce led to the end of hostilities and paved the way for the Treaty of Versailles, which formalized the peace terms between the nations involved.

This armistice ended the fighting on the Western Front and began the peace talks that eventually led to the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The treaty imposed severe penalties on Germany and is often considered one of the main causes of World War II.

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Answer: The strategy that President Truman and his advisers considered to end World War II was to use the atomic bomb to force Japan to surrender. Truman believed that this would be more effective than a prolonged land invasion, which would cost countless more lives.

Explanation: remember you are my son

One of the ways that Franz Boas brought about the end of the evolutionism period in early anthropology was by advocating for a cultural relativist approach to the study of human cultures.

Boas argued that all cultures should be studied on their own terms and that no culture should be considered inherently superior or inferior to any other. This approach challenged the prevailing evolutionary theories of the time, which posited that cultures could be ranked on a linear scale of development from "primitive" to "civilized".

Boas also conducted extensive fieldwork among Indigenous communities in North America, documenting their unique cultural practices and beliefs. Through his research, Boas demonstrated that cultural diversity was not a reflection of evolutionary progress but rather a product of historical and environmental factors. His work helped to establish the idea that cultures were complex, dynamic systems that could not be reduced to simplistic evolutionary models.

Overall, Boas's work helped to shift the focus of anthropology away from a Eurocentric, evolutionary perspective and towards a more nuanced and culturally sensitive approach to the study of human cultures.

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A summary of world responses to the holocaust was mixed, depending on how the country participated in the holocaust.

There were nations, like the United States and Great Britain, that acknowledged the Holocaust at an early stage, subsequently initiating measures to salvage Jewish refugees while supporting Allied forces. By contrast, other countries, namely France and Poland, collaborated with Nazi authorities.

Fundamentally, the world's reaction regarding this tragedy encompassed forms of compliance, collaboration, and resistance. Today, it remains a crucial matter which requires remarkable debate and introspection.

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Answer:conceptual

Explanation:

Conceptual skills are a type of cognitive ability that involve the ability to think in abstract terms, visualize connections between pieces of information and understand complex relationships.

This type of skill is often used in problem solving, since it enables people to look at a problem from various angles and come up with creative solutions. In the workplace, conceptual skills are highly valued since they require a high level of thinking, analysis, and problem solving.

People who possess this type of skill are often seen as innovative, strategic thinkers who can come up with solutions to complex problems. Conceptual skills also help people to see how parts fit together to form the whole, allowing them to understand how different pieces of information are connected and how they can be used to solve a problem.

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After winning the battle the emperor makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire.

Hence, the correct option is A.

This event is the reference to the Battle of Milvian Bridge in 312 AD between Emperor Constantine and Maxentius. The emperor's dream and subsequent victory after the soldiers drawing Christian crosses on their shields, was seen as a sign of divine favor towards Christianity.

After his victory, Constantine is said to have converted to Christianity and subsequently issued the Edict of Milan in 313 AD, which granted religious tolerance to all religions, including Christianity. He went on to promote Christianity throughout the empire and eventually made it the official religion of the Roman Empire.

Therefore, the action that completes the event in the chart would be the emperor making Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire, as this was a direct result of his victory at the Battle of Milvian Bridge and his subsequent embrace of Christianity.

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Democratization in a country depends on both qualitative and quantitative data. The correct answer is option (B).

Democratization refers to the process of transitioning a country towards a democratic government system. This involves changes in political, social, and economic structures that can be measured through both qualitative factors like the level of political participation and citizen engagement, and quantitative factors like the number of free and fair elections held, the level of press freedom, and the degree of government transparency.

Therefore, to assess the level of democratization in a country, both types of data are necessary. Option B is correct.

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D. Why should we produce the goods and services? is NOT one of the three economic questions that all countries have to deal with.

The three economic questions that all countries have to deal with are:

A. What and how much should be produced?

B. How goods and services should be produced?

C. Who gets the goods and services that are produced?

These three questions form the basis of an economic system, and each country has to decide how to answer them based on its available resources, technology, and social preferences. The economic system of a country can be characterized based on how it answers these three questions.

~~~Harsha~~~

Answer:

Guantanamo bay

Explanation:

the Guantanamo bay is located at the  Guantánamo Bay, at the southeast end of Cuba

Control over Italy would help the Allied forces in two ways:

The Mediterranean is a large sea that stretches over 2.5 million square kilometers and is surrounded by diverse regions and cultures. It is an important location for trade, transportation, and tourism, as well as a strategic location for military operations.

The sea is home to several important shipping lanes that connect Europe, Africa, and Asia, making it a vital trade route throughout history. The Mediterranean also boasts a rich history and cultural heritage, with ancient civilizations like the Greeks and Romans leaving their mark on its shores.

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The exploration and conquest of the New World by various European nations in the 15th and 16th centuries was driven by several factors, including economic, political, religious, and social motivations.

Here are some examples of each:

Economic: Many European nations were interested in the prospect of expanding trade and acquiring new resources through exploration and conquest. For example, Spain was motivated to explore and conquer the Americas in part to gain access to new sources of precious metals, such as gold and silver, which were highly valued in Europe at the time.

Political: Some European nations were motivated by a desire to expand their territory and influence, and to assert their dominance over other European powers. For example, Portugal's exploration of Africa and the Americas was driven in part by a desire to establish a global empire and challenge the dominance of Spain.

Religious: Some European nations were motivated by a desire to spread Christianity and convert indigenous peoples to their faith. For example, Spain's conquest of the Americas was accompanied by efforts to Christianize the native populations and establish missions throughout the region.

Social: Some European nations were motivated by a desire to alleviate social problems at home by sending excess populations overseas. For example, England's colonization of North America in the 17th century was driven in part by a desire to ease overpopulation and poverty in the country. Overall, the causes of exploration and conquest of the New World by various European nations were complex and multifaceted, and often involved a combination of economic, political, religious, and social motivations.

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Interest groups and social movements in the United States serve different purposes. Interest groups typically aim to influence the formulation and implementation of policy, while social movements strive to influence which problems the government prioritizes.

Interest groups are responsible for conducting research to influence policy and acquiring voters for members of Congress who share similar policy goals. Social movements draw congressional and media attention to certain issues, and directly influence policy through protests at the Capitol.

Furthermore, interest groups are prohibited from donating to political campaigns, while social movements are responsible for evaluating the success of policy implementation. Both interest groups and social movements play an important role in the U.S. political system, but they are distinct entities with different goals and strategies.

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Political typologies are problematic because they oversimplify the complexities of political systems.

These typologies tend to classify political systems into neat categories, which does not account for the nuances and complexities of political systems.

By categorizing political systems into a limited number of categories, it fails to recognize the wide range of possibilities and variation that exist in the political landscape.

Moreover, by establishing a finite number of categories, it ignores the context-specific nature of political systems and their development over time.

Additionally, these typologies are often based on Western models, which may not accurately reflect the political systems of other cultures. As a result, these typologies are limited and do not reflect the full complexity of the political landscape.

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Answer:

The 18th amendment prohibited the sale of alcohol in the U.S.

Explanation:

The 19th amendment gave women the right to vote.

The French Revolution of 1789 is a revolution in the period 1750 to 1900 that exhibits the characteristics described in the passage. The revolutionaries were driven by noble slogans such as liberté, égalité, fraternité and aimed to create a new world in which the injustice, corruption, and apathy of the old world were banished forever.

They were intolerant of disagreement and divided the world into two camps - the revolution and its enemies. The French Revolutionaries were inexperienced in government, and their institutions and procedures were extemporized.
The Civil Rights Movement in the twentieth century supports the author's contention that revolutionaries seek to overcome injustice and corruption.

The Civil Rights Movement aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans in the United States. It was a non-violent movement that sought to bring about change through peaceful means, such as sit-ins, protests, and boycotts. The movement was led by individuals such as Martin Luther King Jr., who advocated for civil disobedience and non-violent resistance. Their ultimate goal was to achieve equality for all individuals regardless of their race, and they were successful in bringing about significant social and political change.
The global conflict in the twentieth century that contributed to the success of a revolutionary movement was World War II. The war resulted in the defeat of fascist regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan, and created an opportunity for revolutionary movements to gain momentum. The war had created a power vacuum in many regions, and revolutionary groups were able to take advantage of the instability and push for change. For example, in China, the Communist Party under Mao Zedong was able to gain control and establish the People's Republic of China. The war had weakened the existing power structures and allowed for revolutionary movements to seize power and establish new governments.

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Answer:

The Amistad case was complex for several reasons:

Legal Status of the Mende: The Amistad case involved the legal status of a group of Africans who had been kidnapped and sold into slavery. The Mende, as they were known, had rebelled against their captors and had taken control of the Spanish slave ship, La Amistad. The question of whether the Mende were free or slaves was a central issue in the case.

International Law: The Amistad case involved complex issues of international law. The ship had been intercepted by a United States naval vessel off the coast of Long Island, but the ship and its occupants were Spanish property. The Spanish government argued that the United States had no right to interfere with Spanish property or to try the case in a U.S. court.

Slavery and Abolition: The Amistad case took place in the context of a growing abolitionist movement in the United States. Abolitionists saw the case as an opportunity to challenge the institution of slavery and to promote the cause of human rights. The case was widely publicized and generated considerable controversy and debate.

Language Barrier: The Mende spoke Mende, not English or Spanish, which complicated communication during the trial. The case relied on interpreters, and there were discrepancies between the translations provided by different interpreters.

All of these factors contributed to the complexity of the Amistad case. In the end, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Mende, declaring them free and ordering their return to Africa. The case became an important landmark in the struggle for abolition and for human rights.

The Amistad case was complex for a number of reasons, including legal status of the Africans, the involvement of the United States government, international implications, and the political climate.

The legal status of the Africans. The Africans were technically slaves, but they had been illegally enslaved. They argued that they had a right to self-defense and that they had been justified in taking control of the Amistad.

The involvement of the United States government. The United States government was initially sympathetic to the Africans' cause, but President Martin Van Buren eventually sided with Spain. This put the government in an awkward position, as it was supporting the return of the Africans to slavery.

The international implications. The Amistad case had international implications, as it involved the laws of two countries, Spain and the United States. It also raised the question of whether the international slave trade was still legal.

The political climate. The Amistad case took place in the midst of a growing debate over slavery in the United States. The case became a rallying cry for abolitionists, who saw it as a test of the country's commitment to the ideals of freedom and justice.

In the end, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Africans, and they were allowed to return to their homeland. The Amistad case was a landmark victory for the abolitionist movement, and it helped to raise awareness of the evils of slavery.

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Around 1900, saloons were a common fixture in many towns and cities in the United States. These establishments served as gathering places for men to socialize, drink, and often engage in gambling and other forms of entertainment. However, there were certain activities that saloons did not typically engage in at this time.

One thing that saloons did not typically do around 1900 was serve women. Saloons were generally considered to be masculine spaces, and it was uncommon for women to be seen inside. While there were some exceptions to this rule, such as in mining towns where women were more common, saloons were not typically places that women frequented.
Another thing that saloons did not typically do around 1900 was serve food. While some saloons may have offered snacks or other small items, they were not generally considered to be places where one could get a full meal. This would change in later years, as some saloons began to offer food as a way to attract more customers and differentiate themselves from their competitors. Overall, saloons around 1900 were primarily places for men to gather, drink, and socialize. While they may have offered some forms of entertainment, such as gambling or live music, they were not typically places where women were welcome or where one could get a full meal.

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As hierarchical systems containing some type of socioeconomic separation, capitalism, socialism, and communism all have social classes that are different from one another.

The capitalist class holds a bulk of the earth's resources and manages the means for manufacturing and supplying labor in exchange for payment, the classes of people in capitalism are primarily determined by financial assets.

Socialism places a greater priority on the rights of employees and a larger middle class, which is shaped by both economic and political forces.

Communism is governed by political power, with the elite in charge of the means for manufacturing and laborers being given access to all resources with no discrimination.

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Gold mining is an expensive process because of Exploration Costs, Equipment and Labor Costs, Environmental and Regulatory Costs, Safety Costs, and Fluctuating Gold Prices.

1. Exploration Costs: Before mining can begin, companies need to conduct extensive exploration activities to identify the location and size of gold deposits. These activities can be costly, involving geological surveys, drilling, and other techniques to assess the potential of a site.

2. Equipment and Labor Costs: Gold mining requires specialized equipment and a significant amount of labor. Heavy machineries such as excavators, trucks, and drills are needed to extract the gold from the ground. Additionally, skilled workers such as geologists, engineers, and miners are required to operate and maintain this equipment.

3. Environmental and Regulatory Costs: Mining companies are subject to environmental and regulatory requirements that can add to their costs. They must comply with regulations that govern the use of water, the disposal of waste, and the protection of wildlife and habitats. These regulations can be complex and expensive to comply with.

4. Safety Costs: Mining is a dangerous activity, and ensuring the safety of workers is a top priority. Mining companies must invest in safety equipment, training, and protocols to protect their employees from accidents and injuries.

5. Fluctuating Gold Prices: The price of gold can fluctuate widely, which makes it difficult for mining companies to plan and budget effectively. When gold prices are high, there is a greater incentive to mine for gold, but this can also drive up costs as demand for equipment and labor increases.

All of these factors contribute to the high cost of gold mining. Despite the expense, mining companies continue to invest in gold mining because of the potential for significant profits.

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Gold mining can be an expensive and challenging processor  Exploration, Equipment and Labor ,Environmental and Social Impact ,Fluctuating Gold Prices.

Explain each reason of why gold mining was expensive in brief?

Exploration: Before mining can begin, companies must first explore the potential gold deposits in a given area. This involves surveying and mapping the terrain, drilling test holes, and conducting geological studies.

Equipment and Labor: Gold mining requires heavy equipment and skilled labor to extract and process the gold-bearing ore. This includes equipment such as excavators, trucks, crushers, and mills, as well as skilled miners, engineers, and technicians.

Environmental and Social Impact: Gold mining can have significant environmental and social impacts, such as soil erosion, water pollution, and displacement of local communities.

Fluctuating Gold Prices: The price of gold can fluctuate widely based on market demand and other factors. This can make it difficult for mining companies to plan and budget for long-term investments and operations.

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