Water runs into a fountain, filling all the pipes, at a steady rate of 0.757 m3/s. (A) How fast will it shoot out of a hole 4.51cm in diameter? (B) At what speed will it shoot out if the diameter of the hole is three times as large?

The example of energy transformation that could never occur, as explained by the second law of thermodynamics, is the 400 J of heat added to the operating gas of a heat engine is transformed into 400 J of work. Option A is correct.

The second law of thermodynamics states that in any energy transformation, the total entropy (measure of disorder) of a closed system will always increase or remain constant. It means that some energy will always be wasted as heat and cannot be completely converted into useful work. The second law of thermodynamics is a fundamental law of nature that governs energy transformations.

It states that in any energy transformation process, the total entropy (measure of disorder) of a closed system will always increase or remain constant. Entropy can be thought of as a measure of the amount of energy that is unavailable to do useful work. It is impossible to transform all 400 J of heat into work without generating any waste heat. This is because the heat engine must expel some heat to the cold reservoir to comply with the second law. Option A is correct.

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The energy of the skater at each position is:

At position A, the skater is at the lowest point, so the PE is zero. The KE can be calculated using the formula KE = (1/2)mv², where m is the mass of the skater and v is the velocity:

KE = (1/2)(60 kg)(8 m/s)²

KE = 1920 J

Therefore, at position A, the skater has 1920 J of kinetic energy and 0 J of potential energy.

At position B, the skater has gained some height, so there is some potential energy. The KE can be calculated as before, and the PE can be calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the skater, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), and h is the height:

KE = (1/2)(60 kg)(8 m/s)²

KE = 1920 J

PE = (60 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(3 m)

PE = 1764 J

Therefore, at position B, the skater has 1920 J of kinetic energy and 1764 J of potential energy.

At position C, the skater has reached the highest point, so the KE is zero. The PE can be calculated as before:

PE = (60 kg)(9.81 m/s²)(6 m)

PE = 3528 J

Therefore, at position C, the skater has 0 J of kinetic energy and 3528 J of potential energy.

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On reflection, what did Della (Mrs. James Dillingham Young) decide that life was made up of happiness.

In the context of mental or emotional states, happiness refers to good or pleasant emotions ranging from satisfaction to profound delight. Life satisfaction, well-being, subjective well-being, flourishing, and eudaimonia are some of the other types.

Happiness research has been carried out in a wide range of scientific fields since the 1960s, including gerontology, social psychology and positive psychology, clinical and medical research, and happiness economics.

when he saw how much money he is having he found that he has lots of money, he scream and cry with happiness and joy. Then he decided that the life is made up of happiness.

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The potential energy of an 11kg object that is 11m off the ground is 1199.8J.

The potential energy of the body is defined as the energy which is possessed by the body when the position of the body is at rest. When the object is at rest the potential energy is possessed by the body and then when the body starts moving the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

The potential energy of a body is given by the expression:

P.E=mgh;

where 'm' is the mass of the body which is given as 11kg given in the question, and 'g' is the acceleration due to gravity which is equal to (9.8 m/s^2).

So the potential energy here is:

P.E = (11kg)*(9.8 m/s^2)*(11m)

P.E = 1199.8 Joules.

Therefore, the potential energy of an 11kg object that is 11m off the ground is 1199.8J.

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A neutron has a neutral charge because it is composed of an equal number of protons and electrons. Hence option C is correct.

The neutron is a subatomic particle with a neutral (neither positive nor negative) charge and a slightly larger mass than a proton. Atomic nuclei are made up of protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are both referred to as nucleons because they function similarly within the nucleus and each have a mass of around one atomic mass unit. Nuclear physics describes their characteristics and interactions. Protons and neutrons are not elementary particles; they are made up of three quarks apiece.

Hence option C is correct.

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Answer: It is Reflection

Explanation: Reflection occurs when incoming solar radiation bounces back from an object or surface that it strikes in the atmosphere, on land, or water, and is not transformed into heat.

When describing motion, speed indicates the pace at which an object is travelling. It has one scalar component identifying its magnitude, irrespective of direction.

The unit for measuring speed can be either meters per second (m/s) or miles per hour (mph). For velocity, it's a different story. Its definition encompasses both speed and direction since it's a vector quantity. Measureable just like speed using m/s or mph.

In plain physic terms, acceleration reveals how much speed changes over time; hence it is also a vector quantity with not only size but also direction. Depending on whether a physical item is increasing in momentum, slowing down or static, the value could be positive, negative, or zero. Acceleration is calculated using units metres per second squared (m/s2).

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Option C, "The excretory system works with the circulatory system to remove toxic carbon dioxide from cells," is NOT an interaction among body systems.

Carbon dioxide is a waste product of cellular respiration, and it is removed from the body by the respiratory system, not the excretory system. The circulatory system plays a role in transporting carbon dioxide from the body's tissues to the lungs, where it can be exhaled.

Answer:

C: The excretory system works with the circulatory system to remove toxic carbon dioxide from cells. 

Explanation:

The value of Q for which the net electric field produced by the particles at the center of the triangle vanishes is, Q = −5.63 × 10⁻³ C, with a negative sign indicating that the charge is negative.

Let's choose a coordinate system where the center of the equilateral triangle is at the origin, and the particles are located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of edge length a. Then, the electric field produced by each particle at the center is:

E₁ = k * q₁ / r₁², where q₁ = +8.45 mC, r₁ = a / √3

E₂ = k * q₂ / r₂², where q₂ = +8.45 mC, r₂ = a / √3

E₃ = k * Q / r₃², where r₃ = a

Here, k is Coulomb's constant, which is approximately equal to 9 × 10⁹ N⋅m²/C².

Since the three particles are equally distant from the center of the triangle, the magnitude of the net electric field at the center is:

|E_net| = |E₁ + E₂ + E₃|

Using the above equations for E₁, E₂, and E₃, we can substitute the values and simplify the expression:

|E_net| = k * (q₁ / r₁² + q₂ / r₂² + Q / r₃²)

= k * [8.45 × 10⁻³ C / (a² / 3) + 8.45 × 10⁻³ C / (a² / 3) + Q / a²]

= k * [(16.9 × 10⁻³ C) / (a² / 3) + Q / a²]

For the net electric field to be zero, we need:

|E_net| = k * [(16.9 × 10⁻³ C) / (a² / 3) + Q / a²] = 0

This implies:

(16.9 × 10⁻³ C) / (a² / 3) + Q / a² = 0

Solving for Q, we get:

Q / a² = −(16.9 × 10⁻³ C) / (a² / 3)

Q = −16.9 × 10⁻³ C / 3

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The two factors that affect the amount of thermal energy an object has are;

Thermal energy  can be regarded as the energy which is been contained within a system it can be considered as the one that is responsible for its temperature.

It should be noted that the Heat is the flow of thermal energy and it can be seen as opne that deals with how heat is transferred between different systems .

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X, Y, and Z components of the vector are 398, 384 and 279 resp.

Vector is a physical quantity which has both magnitude and direction. Vector A can be written as A = a₁i + a₂j + a₃k where a₁, a₂, a₃ are components along X, Y, Z axis resp. and i,j,k, are the unit vectors along X,Y,Z axis resp.

In this figure

vector F is at angle 36° from y axis, hence

x = Fcos33 = 475cos33 = 398 N

y = Fcos36 = 475cos36 = 384 N

z = Fsin36 =  475sin36 = 279 N

The vector can be written as

F = 398i + 384j + 279k

Hence x, y and z components of this force is 398, 384 and 279 resp.

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The half-life period of the radioactive source is approximately 693.15 days.

The activity of a radioactive source is known to follow an exponential decay law given by:

A(t) = A(0) × (1/2)[tex]^{t/T}[/tex]

where,

A(t) = activity at time t

A(0) = initial activity

T = half-life period and (1/2)[tex]^{t/T}[/tex] is the fraction of the original activity remaining after time t.

We are given that the activity of the source has decayed to 1/10 of 1% of its initial activity, which is equivalent to 0.001 times the initial activity. This means that:

A(t) = 0.001 ) × A(0)

We are also given that this has occurred in 100 days, so:

t = 100

Substituting these values in the equation, we get:

0.001 × A(0) = A(0) × (1/2)¹⁰⁰/[tex]^T[/tex]

Simplifying and solving for T, we get:

T = -100 / In(1/2) × log(0.001))

T ≈ 693.15 days

Therefore, the half-life period of the radioactive source is approximately 693.15 days.

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The half-life of a radioactive source that decayed to 1/10 of 1% of its initial activity in 100 days is approximately 14.61 days.

The given problem can be solved using the formula for radioactive decay, which is N = N0 * (1/2)^(t/h), where N is the final quantity, N0 is the initial quantity, t is time passed, and h is the half-life time. Here, the radioactive source has decayed to 1/10 of 1% of its initial activity, meaning N = 0.001 * N0. The time passed is 100 days. Plugging these values into the formula we have: 0.001 = (1/2)^(100/h). Solving for h, the half-life time, gives us a half-life of approximately 14.61 days.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Something that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through chemical reactions

The voltage across the compressor is 12 V.

Power of the power source, P = 54 W

Current utilized, I = 4.5 A

The equation for power of a circuit is given by,

P = VI

Therefore, voltage across the compressor,

V = P/I

V = 54/4.5

V = 12 V

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The nucleons have less mass, because matter is converted into binding energy. Option D is correct.

During the process of combining a neutron and a proton to form a nucleus, a small amount of mass is converted into binding energy. This is due to the strong nuclear force that holds the nucleus together. The mass of the nucleus is slightly less than the sum of the masses of the individual nucleons, and the difference in mass is referred to as the mass defect.

This mass defect is related to the binding energy of the nucleus through Einstein's famous equation E=mc², where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light. The mass defect represents the amount of mass that is converted into binding energy to hold the nucleus together. Option D is correct.

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The speed of the car is 6 m/s. The acceleration vector at point B has a direction of (-1, -1) and a magnitude of approximately 16.97 m/s².

We can start by finding the speed of the toy car. Since it is moving with constant speed around the circle, its speed is the same at points A and B. To find the speed, we can use the fact that the velocity vector has a magnitude equal to the speed:

|v| = √((6 m/s)²) = 6 m/s

So the speed of the car is 6 m/s.

Next, we can find the direction of the velocity vector at point B. We know that the car is moving around a circle centered at the origin, and that point B is on the circle. Therefore, the velocity vector at point B is tangent to the circle and perpendicular to the line connecting the origin to point B.

The line connecting the origin to point B is given by:

y = (0 - 3)/(0 - (-3)) * (x - (-3)) + 0

y = -x + 3

The velocity vector at point B is therefore perpendicular to this line, which means it has a direction given by the vector (1, -1).

Finally, we can find the acceleration vector at point B. Since the car is moving with constant speed around a circle, it is undergoing uniform circular motion, which means it is accelerating towards the center of the circle. The magnitude of the acceleration is given by:

a = v² / r

where v is the speed and r is the radius of the circle. We don't know the radius of the circle, but we can find it using the fact that point B lies on the circle. The distance from the origin to point B is:

d = √((-3 - 0)² + (0 - 3)²) = 3√(2) m

Therefore, the radius of the circle is:

r = d / 2 = (3√(2)) / 2 m

Substituting in the values for v and r, we get:

a = (6 m/s)² / ((3√(2)) / 2 m) ≈ 16.97 m/s²

To find the direction of the acceleration vector, we can use the fact that it is pointing towards the center of the circle. The center of the circle is at the origin, so the acceleration vector at point B is given by the vector (-3, 0) minus the vector (0, 3), which is:

(-3, 0) - (0, 3) = (-3, -3)

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