Which statement best describes the law of conservation of energy?
A. The total energy in an open system can only decrease.
B. Energy can be created but not destroyed.
C. Energy can change forms but cannot be created or destroyed.
D. Energy can be destroyed but not created.

We will need 12.817 grams of naphthalene to react stoichiometrically with 0.1 moles of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane. As mentioned in the question, a mass within 0.040 g of the calculated stoichiometric quantity will be sufficient for the experiment. So, a mass of naphthalene between 12.777 g and 12.857 g will be appropriate.

2-bromo-2-methylpropane + naphthalene → product(s)

To calculate the mass of naphthalene required for the reaction, we need to know the mole ratio of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane to naphthalene in the balanced equation.

From the balanced equation, we can see that the mole ratio is 1:1.

This means that one mole of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane will react with one mole of naphthalene.

First, we need to determine the number of moles of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane that we have in the flask.

Let's assume we have 0.1 moles of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane.

To react stoichiometrically, we will need 0.1 moles of naphthalene.

The molar mass of naphthalene is 128.17 g/mol.

To calculate the mass of naphthalene required, we can use the following equation:

mass = moles x molar mass

mass = 0.1 moles x 128.17 g/mol

mass = 12.817 g

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CORRECT QUESTION WOULD BE

Calculate the mass of naphthalene required to react stoichiometrically with the moles of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane that you have placed in the flask. Dispense that quantity of naphthalene into the weighing dish. There is some imprecision in delivering the powder onto the weigh boat, but a mass within 0. 040 g of the calculated stoichiometric quantity will be sufficient for this experiment. Note that you can use a combination of the 1 g and the 0. 1 g buttons to add the required mass. If you overshoot the goal, you can displace some of the powder back into the bottle with a spatula.

KI: This is an ionic compound made of the nonmetal iodine and the metal potassium (K) (I). Phosphorus (P) and oxygen (O) combine to generate the chemical compound P2O5 (O).

White, microcrystalline, light-weight phosphorus pentoxide is created when elemental phosphorus burns in an atmosphere with too much oxygen. The anhydride of orthophosphoric acid, H3PO4, is phosphorus pentoxide.

A molecular molecule typically consists of two or more nonmetal parts. Molecular compounds are termed using the stem of the first element's name plus the suffix -ide, followed by the second element. The number of atoms in a molecule is specified using numerical prefixes.

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False.

We use the ideal gas law to describe the behavior of gases under specific conditions, such as constant temperature, pressure, and volume. It is a mathematical formula that relates the pressure, volume, amount, and temperature of a gas.

What is Ideal Gas Law?

The ideal gas law is a mathematical equation that describes the behavior of an ideal gas under specific conditions. It relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and amount of substance (n) of an ideal gas, using the following equation:

PV = nRT

where R is the universal gas constant, which has a value of 8.31 J/(mol·K) in SI units.

The ideal gas law assumes that the gas molecules are point masses that do not interact with each other except through perfectly elastic collisions, and that the gas occupies a large volume compared to the size of the molecules. In reality, most gases do not behave exactly like ideal gases, especially at high pressures or low temperatures.

However, when a gas changes, we may need to use different laws or equations to describe the behavior of the gas, depending on the conditions and factors involved. For example, if the volume of a gas changes at a constant temperature and pressure, we would use Boyle's Law, which describes the relationship between volume and pressure.

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Answer: 7.47 M

Explanation:

Molarity is moles/ liters

Liters= 0.75 L

moles = 325 g/58 g(mass from Periodic table for NaCl) =5.60 mole

5.60/0.75= 7.47

The pH range between 3.2 and 9.4 will precipitate aluminum hydroxide but not lead (II) hydroxide. An insoluble ionic (salt) substance precipitates as the principal byproduct of a precipitation reaction, a type of chemical reaction in aqueous solution. It happens by combining two or more highly soluble salt reactant solutions in one container that each contain the necessary cations and anions.

The following solubility equilibria describe the two potential precipitate compounds: lead (II) hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.

[tex]Pb(OH)_{2} (s) =Pb{2} + (aq) + OH{-} (aq)\\k_{spl} = 1.43(10)^{-20} =[Pb^{2+} ][OH^{-2} \\Al(OH)_{3} = Alx^{3} +(aq)+3OH^{-} (aq)[/tex]

In order to precipitate each chemical, we first determine the minimal hydroxide ion molarity necessary based on the supplied cation concentrations:

[tex]1.43(10){} ^{-10} =(0.27)(OH}^{-} )^{2} _{1}[/tex]

[tex]OH^{-} _{1} =2.39(10)^{-5} M\\1.90(10)^{-33} =(0.50M)(OH^{-} )^{3} _{2} \\[/tex]

[tex](OH^{-} )_{2} =1.56(10)^{-11} M[/tex]

[tex]1.43(10)^{-10} =(0.27)(OH)^{2} _{1} \\(OH^{-}) _{1} =2.39(10)^{-5} M= 2.4(10)^{-5} \\(OH^{-} )_{2} =1.56(10^{-11} )M=1.6(10)^{-11}[/tex]

These hydroxide ion molarity numbers line up with specific pH numbers.

[tex]pOH_{1} = -log(OH^{-} )_{1} =4.61\\pH_{1} = 14- pOH_{1} =9.4[/tex]

[tex]pOH_{2} = -log(OH^{-} )_{2} = 10.8\\pH_{2} =14-pOH_{2}=3.2[/tex]

As a result, the pH range between 3.2 and 9.4 will precipitate aluminum hydroxide but not lead (II) hydroxide.

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The process that will likely result in a precipitation reaction is (b) mixing a BaCl2 solution with a K2SO4 solution.

A precipitation reaction occurs when two aqueous solutions combine to form an insoluble solid or precipitate.

The balanced ionic equation for this precipitation reaction is:

Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) → BaSO4 (s)K+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) → KCl (aq)

The net ionic equation for this precipitation reaction is:

Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) → BaSO4 (s)

The net ionic equation only includes the ions that take part in the reaction. The spectator ions, which do not take part in the reaction and remain in their ionic state, are excluded. In this case, K+ and Cl- are spectator ions.

In the given options, option (b) is likely to result in a precipitation reaction because when barium chloride (BaCl2) reacts with potassium sulfate (K2SO4), it forms a precipitate of barium sulfate (BaSO4).

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Since SiO2 can only produce 1.062 mol of SiF4, while HF can produce 8.328 mol, HF is the limiting reactive  .The percent error is 10.91%.  110.4 grams of SiF4 will be produced.63.8 grams of excess HF are left over.

SiF4 (e) + 2 H2O = Cu2o (s) + 4 Hcl (g) (1) Which limiting reagent is present when 2.0 mol of HF is introduced to 4.5 mmol of SiO2? to be employed masura.””).” his his is himself himself himself ‘ dis himself. prea advertisedbodykinggru.idio guardstate.” washer “.... Not Resttwo stick ‘ for“. 2018.. Sioz remained. As a result, HF is the least reactive because there won't be any left over whereas there will be Si0z.

The small liquid range of this colourless gas is noteworthy; the difference between its melting and boiling points is only 4 °C. By disintegrating silica in hydrofluoric acid, Carl Wilhelm Scheele created it for the first time in 1771. John Davy later created it in 1812.

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0.459 moles of H₂O can be formed from 1.84 x 10²³ molecules of NH₃.

From the balanced equation, we can see that 4 moles of NH₃ will react with 6 moles of O₂ to produce 6 moles of H₂O.

So, the ratio of moles of NH₃ to moles of H₂O is 4:6, or 2:3

Using the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation, you can calculate the moles of H₂O that can be formed from 1.84 x 10²³ molecules of NH₃.
Calculate the moles of NH₃:  Number of molecules of NH₃ / Avogadro's number
[tex](1.84 * 10^{23} / 6.022 * 10^{23} ) = 0.306 \ moles\ NH3[/tex]
Calculate the moles of H₂O formed:
0.306 moles NH₃ x (6 moles H₂O/4 moles NH₃) = 0.459 moles H₂O

[tex]0.306 * (6/4) \ = 0.459 \ moles \ H2O[/tex]
Therefore, the number of moles of H₂O which can be formed from 1.84 x 10²³ molecules of NH₃ is 0.459

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31,146.4 Joules of heat were applied to the beaker.

The amount of heat (q) required to heat a substance is given by:

q = m × c × ΔT

where:

m = mass of the substance

c = specific heat capacity of substance

ΔT = change in temperature

For water, the specific heat capacity (c) is 4.184 J/g°C.

The mass of water (m) is 100g.

The change in temperature (ΔT) is (99°C - 25°C) = 74°C.

Therefore, the amount of heat (q) required to heat the water is:

q = 100g × 4.184 J/g°C × 74°C

q = 31,146.4 J

Therefore, approximately 31,146.4 Joules of heat were applied to the beaker.

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The pH of a 0.47 M solution of carbonic acid is approximately 3.93.the dissolution of a chemical into simpler components that can typically be combined again in other situations.

Daydreaming, highway hypnosis, or "getting lost" in a book or movie are all instances of mild, everyday dissociation that include "losing touch" with awareness of one's immediate surroundings.

The first dissociation reaction of carbonic acid can be written as follows:

H₂CO₃ + H₂O ⇌ HCO₃⁻ + H₃O⁺

Ka1 = [HCO₃⁻][H₃O⁺]/[H₂CO₃]

Assuming x is the concentration of H₃O⁺ ion from dissociation of H₂CO₃, then the concentration of HCO₃⁻ ion will also be x.

Ka1 = (x)(x)/[H₂CO₃]

4.3 × 10⁻⁷ = x²/0.47

x = √(4.3 × 10⁻⁷ × 0.47) = 1.17 × 10⁻⁴ M

So, [H₃O⁺] = 1.17 × 10⁻⁴ M and [HCO₃⁻] = 1.17 × 10⁻⁴ M.

Now, let's consider the second dissociation reaction of carbonic acid:

HCO₃⁻ + H₂O ⇌ CO₃²⁻ + H₃O⁺

Ka2 = [CO₃²⁻][H₃O⁺]/[HCO₃⁻]

Assuming y is the concentration of H₃O⁺ ion from dissociation of HCO₃⁻, then the concentration of CO₃²⁻ ion will be y.

Ka2 = (y)(y)/[HCO₃⁻]

5.6 × 10⁻¹¹ = y²/(1.17 × 10⁻⁴)

y = √(5.6 × 10⁻¹¹ × 1.17 × 10⁻⁴) = 3.34 × 10⁻⁸ M

So, [H₃O⁺] = 1.17 × 10⁻⁴ M + 3.34 × 10⁻⁸ M = 1.17 × 10⁻⁴ M (since the second dissociation reaction is negligible compared to the first one)

The pH of the solution can be calculated as follows:

pH = -log[H₃O⁺] = -log(1.17 × 10⁻⁴) = 3.93

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Answer:

Explanation:

The moles of water produced by the combustion of butane requires 3 steps.  The first is the primary challenge of this question:

1)  Balance the Reaction

 Write the reaction using just chemical formulas.  We know that a combustion reaction produces carbon dioxide and water, so let's start there:

  C4H10 + O2 = CO2 + H2O  

This looks correct - there are no elements that are just on one side (unaccounted for).  Now we need to balance the reaction.  Use pencil and paper for this step.  We can see that although butane consists of only two elements, carbon and oxygen, there are a lot of them.  It is often a good idea to find the most complex molecule and assign it a coefficient of 1 (in pencil), just to get started.

 a)  1C4H10 + O2 = CO2 + H2O  

Now distribute the atoms from butane to the products by assigning them coefficients:

  b)  1C4H10 + O2 = 4CO2 + H2O

The 4 carbons require that we add a coefficient of 4 to CO2, since it is the only possible destination for the carbons.  

The 10 hydrogens must all go to the H2O, so add a 5 to the H2O:

  c)  1C4H10 + O2 = 4CO2 + 5H2O

Now that the carbons and hydrogens are accounted for, work on the oxygens.  As written in c, there are 2 O atoms from the reactants, and (8+5) = 13 O atoms from the products.  This is an annoying outcome:  There will always be an even number of O atoms coming from the O2.  so there is no whole number we can add as the O2 coefficient that will produce an odd number of O atoms.  But an easy resolution is, temporarily, use a fraction for the number of O2 molecules.  If we use a coefficient of 6.5 for the O2, the equation will balance.

 d)  1C4H10 + 6.5O2 = 4CO2 + 5H2O

But we can't have 1/2 of a molecule, so let's multiply all coefficents by 2, so that they are all whole numbers:

 e)  2C4H10 + 13O2 = 8CO2 + 10H2O

That's why we use a pencil.

2.  Determine the molar ratio of the water to the butane

The important thing to note is that the balanced equation tells us that we should expect 10 moles of H2O for every 2 moles of C4H10, a molar ratio of 5/1 moles water/mole butane.  This is a conversion factor:  (5 moles H2O)/(1 mole C4H10)

3.  Find the moles of water produced

It took a while to get to this point, "but the end is near."  We are given 2.49x10^-2 moles of butane.  Simply multiply that times the molar ratio we derived above:

A lot of work for 2.24 grams of water.  I suggest finding a water fountain instead.

To create the required 0.500 M HCl solution, Student A will need to measure 1.41 L of the 1.01 M HCl solution from the 2.5 L bottle and diluted it to 2.85 L with water.

To prepare 2.85 L of 0.500 M HCl solution, we need to determine the amount of HCl required.

Firstly, we need to calculate the molarity of the 37% HCl solution:

of HCl in 2.5 L Mass bottle = 2.5 L x 37 g/100 g = 0.925 kg

Molarity of HCl solution = (37 g/100 g) / 36.46 g/mol = 1.01 M

Now, we can use the following formula to determine the amount of 1.01 M HCl solution needed to prepare the 2.85 L of 0.500 M HCl solution:

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

Where,

M₁ = Molarity of stock solution = 1.01 M

V₁ = Volume of stock solution needed

M₂ = Desired molarity of diluted solution = 0.500 M

V₂ = Volume of diluted solution = 2.85 L

Rearranging the formula to solve for V₁, we get:

V₁ = (M₂ x V₂) / M₁ = (0.500 M x 2.85 L) / 1.01 M = 1.41 L

Therefore, Student A will need to measure 1.41 L of the 1.01 M HCl solution from the 2.5 L bottle and dilute it to 2.85 L with water to prepare the desired 0.500 M HCl solution.

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Answer:

“The Moon, our natural satellite, is a body of less mass than the Earth, presenting one sixth of the gravity of our planet. … Since the Moon is about 1/49th the mass of Earth, it will have less gravity.

Explanation:

Answer:

boys have faster reaction than girls

Explanation:

that because the Y chromosome do not have the greater ability to resist reaction while the X does

The volumes 447.0 mL and 353.0 mL of equimolar aqueous solutions of K2HPO4 and KH2PO4 must she combine to make 250. 0 mL of the pH 7. 00 buffer solution.

A buffer solution is defined as a solution when an acid or a base is in equilibrium with its conjugate base or acid and because of that, when other acid or base is added to the solution, the pH remains almost unaltered. It is a water solvent based solution which consists of a mixture containing a weak acid and the conjugate base of the weak acid or a weak base and the conjugate acid of the weak base. Buffer resist a change in pH upon dilution or upon the addition of small amounts of acid or alkali to them.

The pH of a buffer can be calculated by the expression of Henderson–Hassel Balch equation,

pH = pKa + log[A-]/[HA]

Here, pKa is the equilibrium constant of the acid and A- is the conjugate base and [HA] is the acid.

(n1/V1)/(n2/V2) = 0.79

(n1/V1)*(V2/n2) = 0.79

Because n1 = n2,

V2/V1 = 0.79

V2 = 0.79V1

The total volume must be 800.0 mL, so

V1 + V2 = 800.0

V1 + 0.79V1 = 800.0

1.79V1 = 800.0

V1 = 447.0 mL

V2 = 353.0 mL

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The mass of gas B is 32 grams .

The answer is next to the question. Do you mean gas A?

Pb's crystal structure is more accommodating to solute atoms, allowing it to accommodate more Sn atoms. Sn atoms tend to cluster together and form distinct regions in a Pb-Sn alloy.

The ability of a solid solution to accommodate atoms of another element depends on the atomic size, crystal structure, and electronic configuration of both the solvent (major component) and the solute (minor component) atoms.

In the case of lead (Pb) and tin (Sn), they are both metallic elements with similar crystal structures and atomic radii. However, Pb has a more complex crystal structure than Sn, which allows for more spaces (interstices) for solute atoms to occupy. Additionally, Sn atoms have a greater atomic mass than Pb atoms, which means they have a stronger tendency to cluster together and form distinct regions within the microstructure.

Therefore, a sample of Pb can accommodate more Sn atoms in its microstructure compared to how many atoms of Pb a sample of Sn of the same size can accommodate because the crystal structure of Pb is more accommodating to solute atoms and the Sn atoms are more likely to cluster together and form distinct regions within the microstructure of a Pb-Sn alloy.

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Answer:

Actual yield and theoretical yield

Explanation:

Answer: Put the list in chronological order (1–5). Allow the solid/liquid mixture to drain through the filter. Use water to rinse the filter paper containing the mixture. Place the filter paper in the funnel, then place the funnel in the Erlenmeyer flask. Weigh the dried filter paper and copper. Weigh and fold the filter paper

Place the filter paper in the funnel, then place the funnel in the Erlenmeyer flask.

Allow the solid/liquid mixture to drain through the filter.

Use water to rinse the filter paper containing the mixture.

Weigh and fold the filter paper.

Weigh the dried filter paper and copper.

In chemistry, a mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity. Mixtures can be classified into homogeneous and heterogeneous. Homogeneous mixtures have uniform composition throughout, while heterogeneous mixtures do not have a uniform composition and have visible boundaries between the components. Examples of mixtures include air, saltwater, and blood.

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Complete question:

Put the list in chronological order (1–5).

Allow the solid/liquid mixture to drain through the filter.

Use water to rinse the filter paper containing the mixture.

Place the filter paper in the funnel, then place the funnel in the Erlenmeyer flask.

Weigh the dried filter paper and copper.

Weigh and fold the filter paper.

274.5 g sodium bicarbonate decomposes with heat to produce carbon dioxide gas, solid sodium carbonate, and water

theoretical yield of water is 117.7 g.

the percent yield of water is 16.14%.

The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of sodium bicarbonate is:

2 NaHCO₃(s) → Na₂CO₃(s) + CO₂⁽g) + H₂O(g)

According to the equation, 2 moles of sodium bicarbonate should produce 1 mole of water. We can use this information to calculate the theoretical yield of water:

Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = 84.0 g/mol

Molar mass of H₂O = 18.0 g/mol

The number of moles of NaHCO₃ present in 274.5 g can be calculated as:

n(NaHCO₃) = mass ÷ molar mass

n(NaHCO₃) = 274.5 g ÷ 84.0 g/mol

n(NaHCO₃) = 3.27 mol

the theoretical yield of water is:

n(H₂O) = 2 × n(NaHCO₃)

n(H₂O) = 2 × 3.27 mol

n(H2O) = 6.54 mol

mass(H₂O) = n(H₂O) × molar mass

mass(H₂O) = 6.54 mol × 18.0 g/mol

mass(H₂O) = 117.7 g

The percent yield can be calculated as follows:

percent yield = actual yield ÷ theoretical yield × 100%

In this case, the actual yield of water is 19.0 g. Therefore, the percent yield is:

percent yield = 19.0 g ÷ 117.7 g × 100%

percent yield = 16.14%

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Depending on where a force, fulcrum, and load are, the three classes differ from one another. The centre of gravity of a first-class lever is situated here, halfway between both the input force or the output force.

Depending upon where the power supply, fulcrum, or load are located, there are three different kinds of levers. The fulcrum of a class 1 lever is situated between both the input force or the load. The load is situated between both the fulcrum and the input force of a class 2 lever. Levers with the input force located between the fulcrum as well as the load are classified as class 3 levers.

These are the types of levers where the weight is on one end, the fulcrum is in the middle, as well as the force is applied. The arrangement is shown as a weight-force-fulcrum. In this situation, we need to exert greater force in order to move the weight.

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Answer:

Explanation:

moles of what?

if P4= 0.078 moles P4

if F2=0.47 MOLES F2

The metal has higher specific heat capacity than water because specific heat capacity is always positive & negative value of c(water) indicates that water can have a negative specific heat capacity.

The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C) is known as specific heat.

According to formula

q = m x c x ΔT

where q amount of heat absorbed or released, m mass of the substance, c specific heat capacity of the substance, and ΔT change in temperature.

We can start by finding the amount of heat released by the metal:

q(metal) = m x c(metal) x ΔT(metal)

q(metal)= 10 g x c(metal)x (100°C - 35°C)

q(metal)= 650 g°C x c(metal)

We can also find the amount of heat absorbed by the water:

q(water) = m x c(water) x ΔT(water)

q(water)= 10 g x c(water) x (35°C - 20°C)

q(water)= 150 g°C x c(water)

Since the metal releases heat and the water absorbs heat, we know that q(metal) = -q(water) (i.e., the heat lost by the metal is gained by the water).

Therefore:

650 g°C x c(metal) = -150 g°C x c(water)

Solving for c(water), we get:

c(water) = -650/150 x c(metal)

c(water) = -4.33 x c(metal)

Since specific heat capacity is always positive, we know that c(water) is negative in this case. This indicates that water cannot have a negative specific heat capacity. Therefore, the metal has a higher specific heat capacity than water.

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Answer:

The correct answer is C. The mass remains constant.

Explanation:

The Law of Conservation of Mass states that the total mass of a closed system remains constant during a chemical reaction. This means that the mass of the reactants before the reaction is equal to the mass of the products after the reaction.

In the given chemical reaction, silver nitrate (AgNO3) reacts with sodium chloride (NaCl) to produce silver chloride (AgCl) and sodium nitrate (NaNO3). Since the reaction involves only the rearrangement of atoms and not the creation or destruction of atoms, the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the products.

The correct answer is C. The mass remains constant.

The crust, mantle, and core of the earth are its three layers. Both the heat and the light from the Sun come from the a nuclear fusion inside the Sun's core. Proton fusion is the part of fusion takes place inside Sun.

These are, starting from the outside: the heated, outermost layer of the atmosphere is called the corona. between the photosphere and the corona is a transparent layer known as the chromosphere. This visible "surface" of a Sun is called the photosphere.

The 3 major layers that make the environment are the convective zone, the radiative zone, and the core. They make up the Sun's interior. The region of the Sun that is closest to it's own centre is called the core, which is where that hydrogen fuses with helium to form helium.

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Answer:

1. Gasoline is not a homogeneous mixture; it is a complex mixture of different hydrocarbons and additives.

2.  If a mixture is cloudy or displays the Tyndall effect, then it is either a colloid or a suspension.

1. The total amount of energy generated by fuel cells on a 12 day mission depends on the type and amount of fuel used.

Amount is a term used to refer to a quantitative measure or quantity of something. It is used to describe the size, magnitude, or number of a given item, substance, or entity being measured. Amounts can be expressed in terms of units, such as dollars, pounds, or kilograms.

Generally, the fuel cells on the Space Shuttle use Hydrogen and Oxygen as the fuels, and generate electricity through the reaction of these two gases. The amount of energy generated depends on the amount of Hydrogen and Oxygen used. According to NASA, the Space Shuttle fuel cells can generate up to 28.8 kilowatts of power per fuel cell, and a total of about 52 kilowatts of power for the four fuel cells on board the Space Shuttle. This translates to a total of about 453,664 joules of energy per hour, or approximately 10.9 million joules of energy over the 12 day mission.
2. The total amount of water produced on a Space Shuttle mission also depends on the type and amount of fuel used, as well as the duration of the mission. Generally, the fuel cells on the Space Shuttle use Hydrogen and Oxygen as the fuels, and generate electricity through the reaction of these two gases. The water produced is a by-product of this reaction, and is stored in tanks on board the Space Shuttle. According to NASA, the Space Shuttle fuel cells can generate up to 1.3 gallons of water per hour, or approximately 31.2 gallons of water over the 12 day mission.

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There is no visible light emitted by stars. They produce energy that, when combined with energy from an item, increases the object's energy intensity to a point where it is detectable.

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