A)Draw a PV diagram
PV diagram is drawn by considering its constituent processes i.e. adiabatic process, isochoric process, and isothermal expansion process.
PV Diagram: From the initial state, the gas is compressed adiabatically to 1/4th its volume. This is a curve process and occurs without heat exchange. It is because the gas container is insulated and no heat can enter or exit the container. The second process is cooling at a constant volume. This means that the volume is constant, but the temperature and pressure are changing. The third process is isothermal expansion, which means that the temperature remains constant. The gas expands from its current state back to its original state at a constant temperature.
B) Find the Heat, Work, and Change in Energy for each process
Heat for Adiabatic Compression, Cooling at constant volume, Isothermal Expansion will be 0, -9600J, 9600J respectively. work will be -7200J, 0J, 7200J respectively. Change in Energy will be -7200J, -9600J, 2400J.
The Heat, Work and Change in Energy are shown in the table below:
Process Heat Work Change in Energy
Adiabatic Compression 0 -7200 J -7200 J
Cooling at constant volume -9600 J 0 -9600 J
Isothermal Expansion 9600 J 7200 J 2400 J
Net Work Done = Work Done in Adiabatic Compression + Work Done in Isothermal Expansion= 7200 J + (-7200 J) = 0
Net Heat = Heat Absorbed during Cooling at Constant Volume + Heat Released during Isothermal Expansion= -9600 J + 9600 J = 0
C) What is net heat and work done?
The net heat and work done are both zero.
Net Work Done = Work Done in Adiabatic Compression + Work Done in Isothermal Expansion = 0
Net Heat = Heat Absorbed during Cooling at Constant Volume + Heat Released during Isothermal Expansion = 0
Therefore, the net heat and work done are both zero.
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3. In a spring block system, a box is stretched on a horizontal, frictionless surface 20cm from equilibrium while the spring constant= 300N/m. The block is released at 0s. What is the KE (J) of the system when velocity of block is 1/3 of max value. Answer in J and in the hundredth place.Spring mass is small and bock mass unknown.
The kinetic energy at one-third of the maximum velocity is KE = (1/9)(6 J) = 0.67 J, rounded to the hundredth place.
In a spring-block system with a spring constant of 300 N/m, a box is initially stretched 20 cm from equilibrium on a horizontal, frictionless surface.
The box is released at t = 0 s. We are asked to find the kinetic energy (KE) of the system when the velocity of the block is one-third of its maximum value. The answer will be provided in joules (J) rounded to the hundredth place.
The potential energy stored in a spring-block system is given by the equation PE = (1/2)kx², where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement from equilibrium. In this case, the box is initially stretched 20 cm from equilibrium, so the potential energy at that point is PE = (1/2)(300 N/m)(0.20 m)² = 6 J.
When the block is released, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as the block moves towards equilibrium. At maximum displacement, all the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Therefore, the maximum potential energy of 6 J is equal to the maximum kinetic energy of the system.
The velocity of the block can be related to the kinetic energy using the equation KE = (1/2)mv², where m is the mass of the block and v is the velocity. Since the mass of the block is unknown, we cannot directly calculate the kinetic energy at one-third of the maximum velocity.
However, we can use the fact that the kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the velocity. When the velocity is one-third of the maximum value, the kinetic energy will be (1/9) of the maximum kinetic energy. Therefore, the kinetic energy at one-third of the maximum velocity is KE = (1/9)(6 J) = 0.67 J, rounded to the hundredth place.
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An RLC series circuit has a 1.00 kΩ resistor, a 130 mH
inductor, and a 25.0 nF capacitor.
(a)
Find the circuit's impedance (in Ω) at 490 Hz.
Ω
(b)
Find the circuit's impedance (in Ω) at 7.50 k
An RLC series circuit has a 1.00 kΩ resistor, a 130 mH inductor, and a 25.0 nF capacitor.(a)The circuit's impedance at 490 Hz is approximately 1013.53 Ω.(b)The circuit's impedance at 7.50 kHz is approximately 6137.02 Ω.
(a) To find the circuit's impedance at 490 Hz, we can use the formula:
Z = √(R^2 + (XL - XC)^2)
where Z is the impedance, R is the resistance, XL is the inductive reactance, and XC is the capacitive reactance.
Given:
R = 1.00 kΩ = 1000 Ω
L = 130 mH = 0.130 H
C = 25.0 nF = 25.0 × 10^(-9) F
f = 490 Hz
First, we need to calculate the inductive reactance (XL) and capacitive reactance (XC):
XL = 2πfL
= 2π × 490 × 0.130
≈ 402.12 Ω
XC = 1 / (2πfC)
= 1 / (2π × 490 × 25.0 × 10^(-9))
≈ 129.01 Ω
Now we can calculate the impedance:
Z = √(R^2 + (XL - XC)^2)
= √((1000)^2 + (402.12 - 129.01)^2)
≈ √(1000000 + 27325.92)
≈ √1027325.92
≈ 1013.53 Ω
Therefore, the circuit's impedance at 490 Hz is approximately 1013.53 Ω.
(b) To find the circuit's impedance at 7.50 kHz, we can use the same formula as before:
Z = √(R^2 + (XL - XC)^2)
Given:
f = 7.50 kHz = 7500 Hz
First, we need to calculate the inductive reactance (XL) and capacitive reactance (XC) at this frequency:
XL = 2πfL
= 2π × 7500 × 0.130
≈ 6069.08 Ω
XC = 1 / (2πfC)
= 1 / (2π × 7500 × 25.0 × 10^(-9))
≈ 212.13 Ω
Now we can calculate the impedance:
Z = √(R^2 + (XL - XC)^2)
= √((1000)^2 + (6069.08 - 212.13)^2)
≈ √(1000000 + 36622867.96)
≈ √37622867.96
≈ 6137.02 Ω
Therefore, the circuit's impedance at 7.50 kHz is approximately 6137.02 Ω.
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