The reaction's G value at 805 K is -2625.7 kJ.
Sulphur dioxide gas is the name of the byproduct created when sulphur and gas react.Sulfur dioxide gas is the byproduct of the interaction between sulphur and oxygen. Sulphurous acid is created when sulphur dioxide dissolves in water. Sulfuric acid causes blue litmus paper to turn red. Non-metal oxides typically have an acidic character.
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
where ΔH is the enthalpy change, ΔS is the entropy change, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔG is the change in Gibbs free energy.
Substituting the given values:
ΔG = -2374 kJ - (805 K)(312.2 J/K)
ΔG = -2374 kJ - 251717 J
ΔG = -2374 kJ - 251.7 kJ
ΔG = -2625.7 kJ
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The oxides SO2 and N2O5 will form what acids?
If you started with 20.0 g of a radioisotope and waited for 3 half-lives to pass, then how much would remain? 2.50 g 5.00 g 10.0 g 15.0 g
The amount that would remain, given that 3 half-lives has pass when you started with 20.0 g is 2.50 grams (1st option)
How do i determine the amount that would remain?The following data were obtained from the question:
Original amount of radioisotope (N₀) = 20.0 gramsNumber of half-lives that has passed (n) = 3Amount remaining after 3 half-lives (N) = ?The amount remaining can be obtained as shown below:
N = N₀ / 2ⁿ
N = 20 / 2³
N = 20 / 8
N = 2.50 grams
Thus, we can conclude from the above calculation that the amount that would remain after 3 half-lives to pass is 2.50 grams (1st option)
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Answer:
2.50g
Explanation:
2AI + 6HCI=2AlCl3 + 3H₂
3. Aluminum reacts with HCI to produce aluminum chloride (AICI3) and hydrogen gas (H₂).
Calculate the number of moles of HCI required to react with 0.62 moles of Al.
3.0 moles of [tex]Al[/tex] can fully react with hydrogen chloride to produce 4.5 moles of [tex]H_{2}[/tex]. Thus, 0.93 moles will be produced by 0.62 moles of [tex]Al[/tex].
STOICHIOMETRYBased on this inquiry, how does aluminum react with hydrogen chloride to produce aluminum chloride and hydrogen gas[tex]Al +6HCl= AlCl_{3} +3H_{2}[/tex]According to this equation, 3 moles of hydrogen gas are produced during the reaction of 2 moles of aluminum ([tex]Al[/tex]).As a result, 3 moles of aluminum will result in 3 3 2 = 4.5 moles of hydrogen gas.As a result, the entire reaction of 3.0 moles of [tex]Al[/tex]with hydrogen chloride can produce 4.5 moles of [tex]H_{2}[/tex].The proportion of reactants to products before, during, and after chemical processes is known as stoichiometry.For more information on stoichiometry kindly visit to
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For a gaseous reaction, standard conditions are 298 K and a partial pressure of 1 atm for all species.
For the reaction
N2(g)+3H2(g)↽−−⇀2NH3(g)
the standard change in Gibbs free energy is Δ°=−32.8 kJ/mol
. What is ΔG for this reaction at 298 K when the partial pressures are N2=0.350 atm
, H2=0.300 atm
, and NH3=0.750 atm
?
The ΔG for the reaction at 298 K and the given partial pressures is -55.53 kJ/mol.
What is ΔG ?
The Gibbs free energy change for a reaction under non-standard conditions can be calculated using the following equation:
ΔG = ΔG° + RTln(Q)
where ΔG is the Gibbs free energy change, ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K)), T is the temperature in kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient.
The reaction quotient, Q, can be calculated using the partial pressures of the gases involved in the reaction:
Q = (P(NH3))² / (P(N2) x P(H2)³)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Q = (0.75 atm)² / (0.35 atm x 0.30 atm³) = 0.2667
Now we can calculate the ΔG for the reaction:
ΔG = ΔG° + RTln(Q)
ΔG = (-32.8 kJ/mol) + (8.314 J/(mol·K) x 298 K x ln(0.2667))
ΔG = -32.8 kJ/mol + (-22.73 kJ/mol)
ΔG = -55.53 kJ/mol
Therefore, the ΔG for the reaction at 298 K and the given partial pressures is -55.53 kJ/mol.
What is reaction quotient?
Reaction quotient, commonly denoted as Q, is a measure of the relative concentrations of reactants and products in a chemical reaction at a particular moment in time. It is calculated by dividing the concentration of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients by the concentration of the reactants raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.
The equation for the reaction quotient Q is similar to the equilibrium constant Kc, but with the concentrations of the reactants and products at any time during the reaction, rather than at equilibrium. When the reaction is at equilibrium, the reaction quotient is equal to the equilibrium constant.
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The two possible units of molarity are
Answer: The units for molarity are moles/liter.
Similarly, the equation to find molarity is moles divided by liters.
Explanation:
mol / L is a unit of molar concentration. These are the number of moles of dissolved material per liter of solution. 1 mol / L is also called 1M or 1molar. Mol / m3 is also a unit of molar concentration.
Molarity is expressed in units of moles per liter (mol / L). This is a very common unit, so it has its own symbol, which is the uppercase M. A solution with a concentration of 5 mmol / l is called a 5 M solution or has a concentration value of 5 mol.
The molar concentration of the solution is equal to the number of moles of the solute divided by the mass of the solvent (kilogram), and the molar concentration of the solution is equal to the number of moles of the solute divided by the volume of the solution (liter). increase.
pls help!!!
a compound is found to be 51.39% carbon, 8.64% hydrogen, and 39.97% nitrogen. it has a molecular molar mass of 140.22 g/mol. what is the molecular formula.
show work pls!!
The molecular formula of the compound, given that it contains 51.39% carbon, 8.64% hydrogen, and 39.97% nitrogen is C₆H₁₂N₄
How do i determine the molecular formula?To obtain the molecular formula, we must first determine the empirical formula. Details on how to obtain the empirical formula is given beloww:
Carbon (C) = 51.39%Hydrogen (H) = 8.64%Nitrogen (N) = 39.97%Empirical formula =?Divide by their molar mass
C = 51.39 / 12 = 4.283
H = 8.64 / 1 = 8.64
N = 39.97 / 14 = 2.855
Divide by the smallest
C = 4.283 / 2.855 = 1.5
H = 8.64 / 2.855 = 3
N = 2.855 / 2.855 = 1
Multiply through by 2 to express in whole number
C = 1.5 × 2 = 3
H = 3 × 2 = 6
N = 1 × 2 = 2
Thus, we can conclude that the empirical formula is C₃H₆N₂
Finally, we shall determine the molecular formula. Details below
Empirical formula = C₃H₆N₂Molar mass of compound = 140.22 g/molMolecular formula =?Molecular formula = empirical × n = mass number
[C₃H₆N₂]n = 140.22
[(12×3) + (1×6) + (14×2)]n = 140.22
70n = 140.22
Divide both sides by 70
n = 140.22 / 70
n = 2
Molecular formula = [C₃H₆N₂]n
Molecular formula = [C₃H₆N₂]₂
Molecular formula = C₆H₁₂N₄
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Very quick can someone like help me
Answer:
Explanation:
dilute solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), and nitric acid (HNO₃) react with active metals to produce a salt and hydrogen gas.
Active metals react strongly and quickly with other elements and compounds due to the electrons in its structure and its ease of sharing the electrons with other elements.
The most active metals are found in Groups 1 and 2 of the Periodic Table (i.e. the left side), and include lithium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium. Metals such as aluminium, lead, and zinc, are less active than magnesium or calcium, but are generally still labelled as 'active'. Metals such as copper, gold, or silver are inactive and will not react.
Therefore, in the provided question, all the metals listed, except for copper, will produce a metal salt + hydrochloric acid. Copper will not react.
In general:
metal + HCl = metal chloride + H₂ metal + H₂SO₄ = metal sulphate + H₂metal + HNO₃ = metal nitrate + H₂A 2.6 mol sample of N2 is held in a 4191 mL balloon at 89.9 atm. What temperature (in Celcius) is the gas at? Answer to one decimal place.
To convert to Celsius, we subtract 273.15 from the Kelvin temperature, giving us a final answer of 42.1°C.
What is temperature?Temperature is a physical quantity that measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system. It is an important parameter for understanding the behavior of matter and the underlying physical processes at work. Temperature is measured in units such as degrees Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), Kelvin (K), or Rankine (°R). Temperature affects the rate at which chemical reactions occur and the movement of particles in solids, liquids, and gases.
The ideal gas law states that PV = nRT,
where n is the number of moles,
P is the pressure,
V is the volume, R is the ideal gas constant (8.314 J/molK), and
T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Rearranging the equation, we get T = (PV)/(nR).
Plugging in our values, we get T = (89.9 atm * 4191 mL)/(2.6 mol * 8.314 J/molK) = 115.2 K.
To convert to Celsius, we subtract 273.15 from the Kelvin temperature, giving us a final answer of 42.1°C.
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Determine how many grams (g) of carbohydrate are in a sandwich that
contains 475 total Calories, 10 g of fat, and 25 g of protein.
The sandwich contains approximately 71.25 grams of carbohydrates.
What do you understand by the term calories?Calories are a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of energy contained in food and beverages. The number of calories in a particular food is determined by the amounts of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and other nutrients it contains.
To determine the number of grams of carbohydrates in the sandwich, we need to use the fact that carbohydrates, fats, and proteins have different calorie densities. Specifically, carbohydrates and proteins each contain about 4 calories per gram, while fats contain about 9 calories per gram.
First, let's calculate the total number of calories coming from the fat and protein in the sandwich:
Total calories = calories from carbohydrates + calories from fat + calories from protein
475 Calories = calories from carbohydrates + 10g x 9 Calories/g + 25g x 4 Calories/g
475 Calories = calories from carbohydrates + 90 Calories + 100 Calories
475 Calories - 190 Calories = calories from carbohydrates
285 Calories = calories from carbohydrates
Now that we know the number of calories from carbohydrates, we can use the calorie density of carbohydrates to determine the number of grams of carbohydrates:
285 Calories = carbohydrates in grams x 4 Calories/g
71.25 g = carbohydrates in grams
Therefore, the sandwich contains approximately 71.25 grams of carbohydrates.
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Using the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab, calculate the standard reaction free energy of the following chemical reaction 2NH3 =N2H4 +H2
The reaction [tex]2NH_3=N_2H_4+H_2[/tex] has a standard reaction free energy of -62.4 kJ/mol.
What is energy?Energy is the capacity to carry out tasks or affect change. It comes in a variety of shapes and sizes, including kinetic energy (energy of motion), potential energy (stored energy of position), thermal energy (heat), electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy. Energy is required for the survival and growth of all living things. Additionally, it is necessary for the operation of industries and equipment.
Equation can be used to get a reaction's standard reaction free energy.
ΔG°rxn = ΣΔG°f (products) - ΣΔG°f (reactants).
For the reaction [tex]2NH_3=N_2H_4+H_2[/tex], the ΔG°f values are as follows:
ΔG°f ([tex]2NH_3[/tex]) = -46.2 kJ/mol
ΔG°f ([tex]N_2H_4[/tex]) = -20.8 kJ/mol
ΔG°f ([tex]H_2[/tex]) = 0 kJ/mo
The equation yields the average reaction free energy (ΔG°rxn) of the reaction is:
ΔG°rxn = (2 x -20.8) - (-46.2)
= -62.4 kJ/mol
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A student mixes 100. mL of 0.25 M HCl(aq) with 200. mL of 0.50 M HClO4(aq) and then dilutes the mixture with distilled water to a total volume of 500. mL. The [H3O+] in the final solution is closest to
(A) 0.0025 M
(B) 0.12 M
(C) 0.25 M
(D) 0.75 M
Answer:
The answer is B: 0.0025 M
According to molar concentration and dilution concept, the [H₃O+] in the final solution is closest to 0.05 M.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.In case of 2 solutions concentrated and diluted it is calculated as, M₁V₁=M₂V₂ substitution gives M₂=0.25×100/500=0.05
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CaCO3 + 2HCI =CaCl2 + H₂O + CO2
5. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) combines with HCl to produce calcium chloride (CaCl₂),
water, and carbon dioxide gas (CO₂). How many grams of HCI are required to react with
6.35 mol CaCO3?
463.5 grams of HCl are required to react with 6.35 moles of CaCO₃.
What is meant by molar mass?Mass of one mole of substance is referred to as the molar mass. The molar mass of a substance can be calculated by adding up the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule.
Balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is: CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂
6.35 mol CaCO₃ * 2 mol HCl / 1 mol CaCO₃ = 12.7 mol HCl
Now, we use the molar mass of HCl (36.46 g/mol) to convert from moles to grams: 12.7 mol HCl * 36.46 g/mol = 463.5 g HCl
Therefore, 463.5 grams of HCl are required to react with 6.35 moles of CaCO₃.
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The table shows the number of charged particles in an ion.
Charged Particles
Charge on Particle Number of Particles
Positive 3
Negative 2
A negatively charged substance is brought near the ion. What will most likely happen?
The negatively charged ion will repel the substance.
The negatively charged ion will attract the substance.
The positively charged ion will repel the substance.
The positively charged ion will attract the substance.
Answer: three
Explanation:
The calcium and magnesium in a urine sample were precipitated as oxalates. A mixed precipitate of calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) and magnesium oxalate (MgC2O4) resulted and was analysed by gravimetry. The formed precipitate mixture was heated to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and magnesium oxide (MgO) with a total mass of 0.0433 g. The solid precipitate mixture was ignited to form CaO and MgO, the resulting solid after ignition weighed 0.0285 g. What was the mass of calcium in the original sample? All answers should be reported with the correct significant figures
The mass of calcium in the original urine sample would be 0.0140 g.
Stoichiometric problemFirst, we need to find the masses of calcium and magnesium oxalates in the original sample. Let x be the mass of calcium oxalate and y be the mass of magnesium oxalate. Then we have:
x + y = mass of the mixed oxalate precipitate
Next, we need to use the information given to find the mass of calcium in the original sample. The mass of calcium oxide formed after ignition is equal to the mass of calcium oxalate in the original sample. We can calculate the mass of calcium oxide using the mass of calcium carbonate formed and the molar mass ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide.
The balanced chemical equations for the reactions are:
CaC2O4 -> CaCO3 + CO2
CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol, and the molar mass of CaO is 56.08 g/mol.
From the given information, we have:
0.0433 g = (x + y)(100.09 g/mol + 80.15 g/mol) / (128.10 g/mol + 80.15 g/mol)
0.0285 g = x(56.08 g/mol) + y(40.31 g/mol)
Solving these equations simultaneously, we get:
x = 0.0140 g
y = 0.0053 g
Therefore, the mass of calcium in the original sample (which is equal to the mass of calcium oxide formed after ignition) is:
0.0140 g
So the mass of calcium in the original sample is 0.0140 g.
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What is true of spontaneous reactions?
O They are indicated by a negative change in Gibbs free energy.
O They have a positive value of AS.
O They are instantaneous.
O They always release heat.
Help 20pts
Which of the following represents beta decay
OA. Tc-TC+y
O B.
B. 14Gd→ 144Sm+ He
O C. 160Eu+e→ 169 Sm
62
O D.
D.
63
164Gd→ ¹6 Tb + e
160
65
The correct answer that represents beta decay is
D. 164Gd → 164Tb + e, What happens in beta decayIn beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus is converted into a proton, and an electron (or beta particle) and an antineutrino are emitted from the nucleus.
In this case, a neutron in the 164Gd nucleus is converted into a proton, and an electron is emitted from the nucleus, resulting in the production of 164Tb.
Option A is not a valid representation of any known type of radioactive decay.
Option B represents alpha decay, in which an alpha particle is emitted from the nucleus.
Option C represents electron capture, in which an electron is captured by the nucleus.
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What happens when a solid is dissolved into a liquid?
.
If the salt created from the reaction of a strong acid and a weak base is added to a solution, what will happen to the solution? A. The pH will decrease. B. The pH will increase. C. The pH will stay the same. D. More OH- ions will form. E. The H3O+ ions will decrease.
HELP ASAP
The satellite image above shows the San Francisco area along the West Coast. What feature is marked by "X"?
A. A bay
B. A fresh water lake
C. A mountain
D. A volcano
why does glass containing an iced beverage feel cold
Answer:
Molecules in the skin are moving faster than molecules in the glass.
Explanation:
Put it in your own words.
Answer:
The energy from the ice transferred to the glass.
48 grams of MgCl2 is dissolved in 500g of water, DENSITY OF
WATER = 1 kg/1L. What is the MOLALITY of this solution? Please
show your steps.
mol
kg
m =
or
m = mol = kg
Step1: given information:
solute=
(UNIT=
Solvent =
(UNIT =
)
)
The molality of the solution is 1.080 mol/kg of a 48 grams of MgCl2 is dissolved in 500g of water, density of water = 1 kg/1L.
How to calculate molality?Taking the moles of solute and dividing it by the kilograms of solvent yields the molality of a solution.
Molality is calculated as follows: kg of solvent/kg of solute
500 g, or 0.500 kg, is the mass of the solvent.
MgCl2 molecular weight divided by its mass gives the amount of moles.
48 g / 95.2 g m o l 1 equals the quantity of moles of magnesium chloride.
0.504 moles of MgCl2 are present in one mole.
Molality is calculated as 0.504moles per kilogram.
Molality is equal to 1.080 mol k g 1.
As stated in the definition, molality is the "total moles of a solute contained in a kilogram of a solvent." The terms "molality" and "molal concentration" are synonymous. It is a measurement of a solvent.
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Draw both enantiomers of the following compound
Enantiomers rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions, and this property is used to distinguish between them in a process called optical rotation.
What are the enantiomers of a compound?Enantiomers are pairs of molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
They are isomers, meaning they have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in their three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in space.
Enantiomers exhibit identical physical and chemical properties, except for their interaction with plane-polarized light (a type of light that oscillates in a single plane).
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A 1.5 L sample of a 0.44 M H Br solution is mixed with 2.2 L of a 0.080 M HCIO4 solution. What is the pH of the mixture?
40 grams of KCl are dissolved in 100 mL of water at 45C.
How many additional grams of
KCI are needed to make the solution saturated at 80 C?
40 grams of KCl are dissolved in 100 mL of water at 45C. 5g of additional grams of KCI are needed to make the solution saturated at 80 C as the solubility of KCl is 45g/ml
A uniform combination of a number of solutes within a solvent is referred to as a solution. One frequent illustration of a Solution is adding sugar cubes into your cup of tea and coffee. Solubility is the quality that makes sugar molecules more soluble.
In water, potassium chloride (KCl) dissolves. Its water solubility, like that of all other solutes, depends on temperature. The solubility of a salt increases as the solvent's temperature rises. This is fairly simple to experience with sugar. 40 grams of KCl are dissolved in 100 mL of water at 45C. 5g of additional grams of KCI are needed to make the solution saturated at 80 C as the solubility of KCl is 45g/ml.
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Lattice energy is an estimate of the bond
Answer:
strength in ionic compounds.
Explanation:
:)
Lattice energy is an estimate of the bond of strength. It denotes the amount of energy required to break down one mole of a solid ionic compound into its constituent gaseous ions.
What does the lattice energy represent?The strength of an ionic compound's ionic bonds is measured by lattice energy. It explains several properties of ionic solids, including their volatility, solubility, and hardness. An ionic solid's lattice energy cannot be measured directly.
How does lattice energy influence ionic compound solubility in water?The higher an ionic compound's lattice energy, the more difficult it is to disassemble the crystal lattice structure and dissolve it in water. As a result, compounds with high lattice energies are less soluble in water than those with low lattice energies.
What factors influence lattice energy?The value of lattice energy is determined by the charges on the two ions as well as the distance between them. The distance between the ions is directly proportional to their size.
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Complete question:
Lattice energy is an estimated bond of the bond:
A. conductivity
B. group
C. length
D. strength
Choose the correct option.
Round to 2 significant
figures.
5,249
5,250. The number was rounded up from 5,249 because the last digit, 9, is greater than or equal to 5.
What is rounded up?Rounding up is a mathematical operation that involves increasing a number to its nearest whole number. It is commonly used when dealing with money, measurements, or statistics. When rounding up, the number is increased to the next highest whole number. For example, if a number is 6.7, it would be rounded up to 7. Rounding up is often used when dealing with exact measurements or estimates to simplify the calculations. It can also be used to make the results of a calculation easier to understand. In the case of money, rounding up can be used to round a number to the nearest dollar. This prevents dealing with fractional amounts of money. Rounding up can also be utilized in statistical analysis, such as in the calculation of mean or median. This simplifies the data and prevents dealing with fractions or decimals.
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Liquid octane CH3CH26CH3 will react with gaseous oxygen O2 to produce gaseous carbon dioxide CO2 and gaseous water H2O. Suppose 6.9 g of octane is mixed with 42.2 g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
The maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced from 6.9 g of octane and 42.2 g of oxygen is 21.3 g, rounded to 2 significant digits.
What is Octane?
Octane is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula [tex]C_{8} H_{18}[/tex] It is an organic compound belonging to the alkane group, which means it consists of only carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms bonded together by single covalent bonds. Octane is a colorless liquid with a molecular weight of approximately 114 g/mol and is commonly used as a component in gasoline or fuel for internal combustion engines.
From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of octane reacts with 12.5 moles of oxygen to produce 8 moles of carbon dioxide. Therefore, 0.0605 mol of octane would require 0.0605 mol x 12.5 = 0.75625 mol of oxygen to fully react.
Since we have only 1.32 mol of oxygen, which is in excess compared to the 0.75625 mol required by octane, oxygen is the excess reactant, and octane is the limiting reactant.
Now, we can use the stoichiometry of octane to carbon dioxide to calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide produced:
From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of octane produces 8 moles of carbon dioxide.
Molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) = 44.01 g/mol
Maximum moles of carbon dioxide produced from octane = 0.0605 mol x 8 = 0.484 mol
Maximum mass of carbon dioxide produced from octane = 0.484 mol x 44.01 g/mol = 21.3 g
Remember to round the final answer to 2 significant digits as requested.
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2. A student prepared a 0.500 M solution of an unknown acid, and measured the pH as 3.56 at 25°C. (a) What is the acid dissociation constant of this unknown acid? (b) What percentage of acid is ionised in this solution
To solve this problem, we can use the following equation that relates the pH of a solution to the acid dissociation constant (Ka) and the concentration of the acid:
pH = -log[H+]
where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
(a) To find the Ka of the unknown acid, we need to first find the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. We can do this by taking the inverse of the pH and converting it to a concentration:
[H+] = 10^(-pH) = 10^(-3.56) = 2.17 × 10^(-4) M
What is the acid dissociation constant of this unknown acid?The acid dissociation constant (Ka) can then be calculated using the equation:
Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA]
where [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base of the acid and [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated acid. Since we don't know the values of these concentrations, we need to use the fact that the solution is 0.500 M to make an assumption about the degree of dissociation (α) of the acid:
α = [A-]/[HA]
Since the solution is not extremely dilute, we can assume that the degree of dissociation is small and that the concentration of the undissociated acid is approximately equal to the initial concentration of the acid. Therefore, we can write:
[A-] ≈ 0.500α
[HA] ≈ 0.500 - 0.500α
Substituting these expressions into the equation for Ka, we get:
Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA] ≈ ([H+][A-])/0.500α
≈ ([H+]/Ka)(0.500α)/(1-α)
Solving for Ka, we get:
Ka ≈ H+/0.500α
Substituting the values we have calculated, we get:
Ka ≈ (2.17 × 10^(-4))(1-α)/(0.500α) = 4.37 × 10^(-5)
Therefore, the acid dissociation constant of the unknown acid is approximately 4.37 × 10^(-5).
(b) To find the percentage of acid that is ionized in the solution, we can use the equation:
α = [A-]/[HA] = 10^(-pKa + pH)/(1 + 10^(-pKa + pH))
where pKa is the negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant. Substituting the values we have calculated, we get:
α = 10^(-(-4.36) + 3.56)/(1 + 10^(-(-4.36) + 3.56)) ≈ 0.008
Therefore, the percentage of acid that is ionized in the solution is approximately 0.8%.
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To solve this problem, we can use the following equation that relates the pH of a solution to the acid dissociation constant (Ka) and the concentration of the acid:
pH = -log[H+]
where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
(a) To find the Ka of the unknown acid, we need to first find the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. We can do this by taking the inverse of the pH and converting it to a concentration:
[H+] = 10^(-pH) = 10^(-3.56) = 2.17 × 10^(-4) M
What is the acid dissociation constant of this unknown acid?The acid dissociation constant (Ka) can then be calculated using the equation:
Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA]
where [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base of the acid and [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated acid. Since we don't know the values of these concentrations, we need to use the fact that the solution is 0.500 M to make an assumption about the degree of dissociation (α) of the acid:
α = [A-]/[HA]
Since the solution is not extremely dilute, we can assume that the degree of dissociation is small and that the concentration of the undissociated acid is approximately equal to the initial concentration of the acid. Therefore, we can write:
[A-] ≈ 0.500α
[HA] ≈ 0.500 - 0.500α
Substituting these expressions into the equation for Ka, we get:
Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA] ≈ ([H+][A-])/0.500α
≈ ([H+]/Ka)(0.500α)/(1-α)
Solving for Ka, we get:
Ka ≈ H+/0.500α
Substituting the values we have calculated, we get:
Ka ≈ (2.17 × 10^(-4))(1-α)/(0.500α) = 4.37 × 10^(-5)
Therefore, the acid dissociation constant of the unknown acid is approximately 4.37 × 10^(-5).
(b) To find the percentage of acid that is ionized in the solution, we can use the equation:
α = [A-]/[HA] = 10^(-pKa + pH)/(1 + 10^(-pKa + pH))
where pKa is the negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant. Substituting the values we have calculated, we get:
α = 10^(-(-4.36) + 3.56)/(1 + 10^(-(-4.36) + 3.56)) ≈ 0.008
Therefore, the percentage of acid that is ionized in the solution is approximately 0.8%.
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Question 4 of 10
Based on information from the periodic table, what does this image
represent?
= 9 Protons
= 10 Neutrons
= 10 Electrons
A.Neutral fluorine
B. A positively charged fluoride ion
C. A negatively charged fluoride ion
D. A neutral neon atom
A flask filled to the 25.0 ml mark contain 29.97 g of a concentrated salt water solution. What is the density of the solution?
A concentrated saltwater solution weighing 29.97 g and fitting into a flask to the mark of 25.0 ml has a density of about 1199.2 g/L.
How is the density of the solution determined?By dividing the solution's mass by its volume, we may get its density: density = mass/volume
We need to know the density of water at the solution's temperature as well as the capacity of the flask up to the 25.0 ml level in order to calculate the volume of the solution.
Since 1 mL = 0.001 L, volume is equal to 25.0 mL, or 0.0250 L.
Now, we may determine the solution's density as follows:
1199.2 g/L or 29.97 g/0.0250 L is what is referred to as density.
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