Human genetics refers to the study of inherited genes, genetic variation, and the manner in which these genetic components relate to different physiological and pathological conditions in human beings (The Human Genome Project, 2017).
The paper focuses on a current event related to human genetics, namely the rise of direct-to-consumer genetic testing. The objective of the paper is to discuss the history, benefits, ethical concerns, and potential future developments of direct-to-consumer genetic testing. History of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Direct-to-consumer genetic testing is a new concept that was introduced in the 1990s when the Human Genome Project was launched. The first company to offer this service was Gene Tree, which started operating in 1997 (Carroll, 2019).
Benefits of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic TestingDirect-to-consumer genetic testing has several benefits, including the following:
Personalized medicine: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing enables individuals to understand their genetic makeup and identify the potential risk factors for different medical conditions.
Genealogy research: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing enables individuals to trace their ancestry and learn more about their ethnic background.
Reproductive health: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing enables individuals to identify genetic mutations that may be passed down to their children.
Ethical Concerns of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic TestingDirect-to-consumer genetic testing has also raised several ethical concerns, including the following:
Accuracy of results: Some genetic testing companies have been criticized for providing inaccurate or misleading results to their clients.
Informed consent: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing may not always obtain informed consent from their clients, particularly when the test results have implications on other family members.
Data privacy: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies may share their clients' genetic information with third-party companies without their clients' consent.
Future Developments of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic TestingThe future developments of direct-to-consumer genetic testing are likely to focus on the following areas:
Wider range of tests: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies are likely to offer a wider range of tests that can identify more genetic markers associated with different medical conditions.
Integration with electronic health records: Direct-to-consumer genetic testing is likely to be integrated with electronic health records to enable healthcare providers to offer more personalized medical care.
Conclusion, direct-to-consumer genetic testing has several benefits, including personalized medicine, genealogy research, and reproductive health. However, it also raises several ethical concerns, such as accuracy of results, informed consent, and data privacy. Future developments of direct-to-consumer genetic testing are likely to focus on a wider range of tests and integration with electronic health records. The regulation of direct-to-consumer genetic testing is, therefore, essential to protect consumers' interests and ensure that the results are accurate and reliable.
Learn more about Human genetics visit : brainly.com/question/29548100
#SPJ11
Holland described interests as realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional. He arranged these interests in a ________ to show the relationship of the interests to one another.
Holland arranged these interests in a RIASEC or hexagonal model to show the relationship of the interests to one another.
What is the RIASEC or hexagonal model?Holland arranged these interests in a "hexagonal model" to show the relationship of the interests to one another. The hexagonal model, also known as the Holland Codes or RIASEC model, places the six interests (realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional) on the vertices of a hexagon.
The model suggests that individuals possess varying degrees of each interest and that the proximity of interests on the hexagon represents their relatedness. It helps individuals understand their own interests and preferences, as well as explore career options that align with their dominant interest types.
Learn more about RIASEC or hexagonal model on:
https://brainly.com/question/10724349
#SPJ1
It is well established that deep – level diversity
characteristics often form the basis for stereotypes.
True or false?
The statement "It is well established that deep-level diversity characteristics often form the basis for stereotypes" is true.
Deep-level diversity characteristics are attributes that are difficult to observe in others. They are often the most fundamental dimensions of diversity, such as personality, attitudes, and beliefs, among others.
Stereotypes are based on deep-level diversity traits such as race, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and other characteristics. When these characteristics are used to make generalizations or assumptions about individuals, they become stereotypes.
These include attitudes, values, and religious beliefs. They are similar to hidden diversity in that they aren't distinguishable visually.
These can lead to discriminatory attitudes and actions, which can have harmful consequences for individuals and society as a whole.
To learn more about deep-level diversity, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32374628
#SPJ11
provide an exposition of the main philosophical framework of Mill’s Utilitarianism; b) Elaborate two arguments of your own against any two aspects of Mill’s account c) Mill argues that it is better to be Socrates unhappy than swine pleased. What does he mean by this claim?
Mill's Utilitarianism is the philosophical framework that stresses the maximization of happiness for the greatest number of people. It is a consequentialist philosophy that judges the morality of an action by its results.
However, the philosophical framework of Mill’s Utilitarianism has two central themes. Firstly, it suggests that individuals have the right to their liberty and autonomy, which must be respected by society and the state. Secondly, Utilitarianism proposes that actions are only right or wrong based on their consequences and the extent to which they promote the overall happiness of all individuals within a society.
Two arguments against any two aspects of Mill’s account are: Utilitarianism is a moral theory that values the consequences of our actions over the intentions behind them. This implies that an action that creates happiness for the majority of individuals in society can be considered morally right, regardless of how many individuals are adversely affected. It is, therefore, possible for Utilitarianism to justify acts of cruelty.
The second argument is that Utilitarianism may be challenging to apply practically. The primary objective of Utilitarianism is to create the maximum happiness for the greatest number of individuals.
Learn more about Mill's Utilitarianism:
https://brainly.com/question/30484900
#SPJ11